DE3218878A1 - Device for coupling trailer vehicles to traction engines and motor vehicles or the like in a semi-automated fashion - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for coupling trailer vehicles to traction engines and motor vehicles or the like in a semi-automated fashion and is characterised in that, after connection to the traction engine or the motor vehicle, an at least two-component telescopic linkage which is mounted on the trailer shaft, is guided vertically in a fixed fashion, can be extended horizontally in a variable fashion and can be bent at any desired angle moves the coupling points of the traction engine and of the vehicle to be towed into a straight line, initially by moving the traction engine or the motor vehicle forwards, when the trailer vehicle is secured by means of a parking brake. By subsequently moving the traction engine or the motor vehicle backwards, this straight line is stabilised by latching a horizontal link together and this inserts the coupling elements with respect to one another. Further, detailed claims are given on pages 1-4 with a total of 14 claims. A more accurate, exemplary description is given on pages (5-7) with a drawing on publication DIN 43.

Description

- 5 registrants: Dieter Bothner, Brormenweg 13, 73 ^ 4 · Gingen / Fils

"Device for the semi-automated coupling of Trailer vehicles on tractors and flotox'wagen or anything like that. "

The invention extends to a device for the semi-authorized coupling of trailer vehicles on tractors and motor vehicles or the like. When coupling such vehicles there is always a considerable risk of property damage and personal injury. The trailer drawbar, which is very difficult to move with loaded trailers and uneven ground conditions must be inserted into the trailer coupling of the tractor or motor vehicle by a second man will. A lack of or inadequate visual and call contact therefore leads to a high risk of personal injury and property damage. The introduction happens either through rearward approach of the tractor or the motor vehicle to the trailer vehicle or by Moving the trailer vehicle forwards on a road gradient to the tractor or the motor vehicle. In both cases, the risk of property damage is even higher if there is no second person is present.

The object of the invention is to create a device that will cause personal injury when it is used and damage to property when coupling trailer vehicles to tractor units and motor vehicles is excluded will. Furthermore, the need for a second person should be eliminated.

According to the invention, this object has been achieved by that a device is attached to the trailer drawbar or to the motor vehicle, which this automatically leads into the trailer coupling of the tractor or motor vehicle. The titled semi-automatic exists in that the device before the coupling process for safety reasons when both vehicles are absolutely stationary and afterwards When the coupling process is completed, both vehicles are also absolutely locked got to.

For the structural design of the coupling device there are various possibilities within the scope of the invention. One because of you Simplicity, particularly advantageous embodiment consists, for example, in the fact that a swiveling pulling, sliding and locking

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device, later referred to as telescopic linkage (Fig.1), is attached. This telescopic linkage consists of two or more profi-led, slidable Matched metal rails or tubes or any other profile rod guide. During the coupling process, the towing vehicle and the vehicle to be attached are initially at a distance brought, which in etv / a corresponds to double to triple the length of the drawbar. Both vehicles are absolutely locked by means of the parking brake. The locking device of the telescopic linkage, consisting of one on the rod guide (A) in the telescopic connecting rod eye (D) moving bolt (E), is unlocked by opening this bolt. Let it now the rails or pipes initially move in a longitudinally stable manner in one direction. The bottom rail (in the case of pipes, the outermost pipe) blocks the pushing of the overlying rail at the end (in the case of pipes, the closest inside). The bottom rail (Pohr) is at the end with a horizontal joint (B) connected to the existing trailer drawbar. Furthermore, a cross brace (usually already available) in the trailer drawbar for a stable support of the rotatable rod guide (A) in a stable and unstable position. The two or more rails above the bottom rail (in the case of pipes, the inner ones) are now open in the direction of the tractor or motor vehicle the lowest rail (outermost tube) sliding and as a further guide element over one at the front The linkage guide (A) attached to part of the trailer drawbar is extended to the end of the lower one Rail (of the outer pipe) the continuation blocked. At the same time, a horizontal joint mechanism (C) is possible in this position, which, when pushed back in a straight position, brings the rails (tubes) back into the profile guide and stabilized in this straight line. The top rail (the innermost tube) is now in the exact position Direction of the trailer coupling on the tractor or on the motor vehicle. The lowest Rail (outermost tube) and the rails above (inner tubes) are different Straight lines, which through the joints (C) and (B) and the rotatable rod guide (A) any Can form angles to each other. The guide (A) also ensures axact parallelism of the entire telescopic linkage to the trailer drawbar. The top rail (innermost Tube) is like the trailer drawbar on large vehicles

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provided with an outer seal (D). This is in an exactly above the middle of the existing towing vehicle coupling attached, simple pin coupling inserted and locked by means of a pin, which is locked by a split pin. By driving forward the tractor or the motor vehicle is now the telescopic linkage together brought into a direct straight line leading to the trailer coupling with the trailer drawbar. Thereafter is the tractor or; the motor vehicle backed up again. The individual rails (tubes) now remain through existing, tapered insertion parts in the joint mechanism (C; and through the rest of the profile guide in the same straight line and guide the trailer drawbar directly into the * trailer coupling. The height of the trailer coupling must correspond to the simple pin coupling attached above be identical to the guide height of the topmost rail (innermost tube) to the trailer drawbar. After that, will the telescopic linkage completely freed from the pin coupling and pushed together and with the Peststellvorrichtung, bolt (E) in the telescopic connecting rod eye (D) secured. After further, necessary connections of electrical and pneumatic systems is the coupling process completed.

There is an advantageous further use of the invention also in the fact that the telescopic linkage can also be used for maneuvering can that the trailer drawbar on the tractor or on the front of the motor vehicle is simplified and safer can be coupled. Finally, it is within the scope of the invention that single-axle trailers and Caravans can be coupled more easily and more safely. For this purpose, the Telescopic connecting rods only in the trailer drawbars and the couplings of the motor vehicles Length, stability and design can be adjusted. In particular, the extension of the Telescopic connecting rods considerably reduce the force required through leverage (example construction compressors or similar). In the case of rod guides, openings are provided at the rear end for pressurizing and venting the stroke when the boom is moving. These openings can vary depending on the material used can also be used as lubrication or oil openings.

Claims (1)

Applicant: Dieter Bothner Bronnenweg 15 »7544- Gingen / Fils Device for the semi-automated coupling of trailer vehicles to tractors and motor vehicles. Expectations: / Π At spr uch ·; 1: / Device for the semi-automated ~ y coupling of trailer vehicles marked on tractors and motor vehicles or the like by that an attached to the appendix, At least 2-part, vertically fixed with the trailer drawbar, horizontally variably extendable and telescopic connecting rods that can be angled at will according to the connection (claims 2 and following) with the tractor or the motor vehicle first by driving the tractor forward cnTne ~ ö * c [er 3rd motor vehicle, at Trailer vehicle locked by means of the parking brake, the coupling points of the towing as well as the one to be towed Brings the vehicle into a straight line. By then ^ reversing the Traction gear without "^ es" "Mö ^ ö" rwagon stabilized this straight line by snapping together a horizontal joint and leads the coupling elements against each other a. Claim 2; Device for the semi-automated coupling of trailer vehicles to tractors and motor vehicles or the like according to Claim 1 d adurc h G ek en nze ichnet that the Teleskopver-Trülungsge clasp can be mounted on both the pulling and the vehicle to be pulled. Claim 3 ' An apparatus for semi-automated coupling of trailer vehicles to tractors and trucks or the like according to claims 1 and 2 characterized nzeichnet ge ken that the Te IesköpverbinHungsgeItänge can be carried mobile. Depending on the embodiment of the existing coupling elements, the position of the telescopic connecting rods is adapted to these so that mutual insertion of the coupling elements is ensured when the two vehicles to be attached are brought together. Page 2 - 3218873 Ans p ru c h 4 -; _ Device for semi-automated "" coupling of trailer vehicles on tractors and motor vehicles or the like according to claims 1, 2 and 3 characterized in that the An-EangerEuppTung on the tractor or on the motor vehicle from two flange guides consists, which are arranged one above the other and have the same fastener guide. The bolt is in the open position in the upper flange guide and is used to lock the telescopic connecting rod with the motor vehicle or the tractor. When closed, the bolt is in the lower flange guide and is used to lock the trailer drawbar. The distance from center to center of the two leading ends is the same the distance from the center line of the telescopic linkage to the trailer drawbar. Claim 5: Device for the semi-automated coupling of trailer vehicles to tractors and motor vehicles or the like according to claims 1, 2, 3 and A-characterized in that the coupling to the tractor or motor vehicle also has a fixed , resilient bolt or tube is provided, which is attached in position to the coupling point of the coupling at the same height as the coupling point of the trailer drawbar to the coupling point of the telescopic connecting rod Adapted to force requirements and additionally provided with a split pin lock. Claim 6; Device for the semi-automated coupling of trailer vehicles to tractors and motor vehicles or the like according to claims 1, 2, 3, A- and characterized in that a simple bolt coupling with split pin lock is attached to the traction unit of the tractor or cTes motor vehicle or on the trailer drawbar, which is in Position to the coupling point of the coupling is at the same height as the trailer drawbar eye and the coupling eye of the telescopic linkage. Sheet - 3 - Claim 7 ' device for semi-rigid coupling of trailer vehicles to tractors and motor vehicles or' the like according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 f and 7 characterized in that the | Connection '"of the telescope connection | linkage with the respective opposing j vehicle, tractor or trailer, the I. adapted to existing conditions \ This is done through variable {heights of the rod guide, through a individual telescopic linkage; length, an individual choice of material and thickness of the telescopic connecting rod and by a connection form adapted to requirements, such as Eye joints, neck joints or the like. Anj3p_ruch_8j_ Device for the semi-automated Coupling of trailer vehicles to tractors and motor vehicles or the like according to claims 1,2,3,4,5,6 and 7 characterized in that the tractor or the motor vehicle aucTi on its front for the purpose of shunting work an additional or extended coupling for the telescopic linkage Is provided. Α £ 2 £ ΞΗ £ ίΐ_2 ± device for semi-automated Coupling of trailer vehicles Tractors and motor vehicles or ^; ' the like according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and '-, 8 characterized ge ken nzeic et hn, that the '. TeTesk "ö" pverEindungsgestänge in addition to a ' horizontal joint is also equipped with a vertical joint, which, after the telescopic connecting rod has been stretched in a straight line, locks in this straight line. Claim 10; An apparatus for semi-automated coupling of trailer vehicles to tractors and trucks or the like according to claims 1 »· 2,3,4, 5,6,7> 8,9 d adurc h gekennzeich net that the telescopic ~~ Connection linkage after it has been brought into a straight line by moving the motor vehicle or tractor forwards by means of a mechanically manual or hydraulic or pneumatic or otherwise operable joint stiffener by shifting it via the joint of the telescopic connecting rod in this straight line. Sheet - 4 - t ■ • · · t Claim 1 1 Device for the semi-automated coupling of trailer vehicles Tractors and motor vehicles or the like according to claims 1,2,3,4,5 » 6.7.8.9 and 10 characterized in that that the TeleskopverEIn & mRagüäUHngoTn its elementary parts for attachment to the tractor or motor vehicle and is shared to the trailer vehicle and the connection of these parts as the horizontal joint required for bending is used. Claim 12: Device for the semi-automated coupling of trailer vehicles to tractors and motor vehicles or the like according to Claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,8,9,10 and 11 characterized ge k hen drawing net, that the conception "~ Hes telescopic connecting rods load-bearing as well as leading component of an axle and / or drawbar construction can be. Claim 13 ·· device initially semi-automated coupling of trailer vehicles to tractors and trucks or the like according to claims 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11 and 12, characterized t gekennzeic teeth that Joint positions are provided with an electromechanical or electrical-electronic device, which reports the readiness for coupling and thus the straightening of the telescopic linkage to the machine operator working on the operating unit (e.g. driver's cab) of the vehicle. Claim 14: Device for the semi-automated coupling of trailer vehicles to tractors and motor vehicles or the like according to Claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13, characterized thereby, that the Teleskopverbindungs.qestänge can also be used that other, usually stationary or otherwise attached bodies, devices or devices can be coupled for the purpose of locomotion. Sheet -