DE3209455A1 - Device for quantitative examination of colour sense and its impairment - Google Patents

Abstract

The device makes use for the purpose of quantitative colour examination of a light-emitting diode which has recently appeared and which is capable of simulating all colour frequencies in the red/green region by mixing a red-coloured and green-coloured monochromatic light source. In conjunction with digital control, this possibility enables the instances of defective colour vision that occur to be measured quantitatively with previously unknown accuracy.

Description

Device for the quantitative investigation of the sense of color

and its disorders.

Claim: @as Farberunterten uchungsgerät is characterized by dam LEDs are used to generate the fish and reference light and no device for homogenizing the light is required. The device allows the investigation in the photopic area through its high light beams. A co-observation option de examiner is also possible as a result. Due to the use of light emitting diodes a high calibration accuracy is given.

There is also compatibility with the Nagelsenen Anomalo-Srop.

Area of application: @as color inspection device is used for diagnostics of color perception disorders, their precise quantification for career advice une Driving license assessment is absolutely necessary. Color weak une color blininess @ om @ en at approx.

@@% @er the male population @or and are inherited in an x-linked manner.

A quantification of the color disturbances is only after the @rinsip the Rayleigh equations (see Fedieinal Mara 1956 @eft, page 82) possible. The @ principle is based on offering two @ arbflächez, one of which is a monochromatic one Emits yellow light, the brightness of which is variable, while the other emits an iron light from a mon @ chromati @ e @ en Grün @re Ret aussencet, whereby the intensity of the red and green lights can be changed so that each spectral color is between the emitted Red and green wavelength can be simulated. (Grassmann's laws).

This Te @ t is made possible by the fact that the eye is normally over 3 visual elements with precisely defined absorption maximums (red, green and Blue pigment) and therefore between a moncehromatic yellow light that is the same Partial the green and red pigment excited and a simultaneous indication of red and green light, which also excite the silk figments in equal parts, do not under- @ cheiden @ ann.

If an eye pigment has now changed its absorption maximum, it is recognized the Freban there with this disorder. The fishing relationship of the color norms is not as same with cem comparison yellow. Er @@@ cas Vera @@ tnis green / red change. The extent the change is referred to as the aroma quotient.

@eser is defined for the various suitabilities.

@r red or gr2nblies (blue blindness is extremely rare) owns only the pigments blue / red = green-blind or blue / green = red-blind. Recognize both forms have all red / green mixtures as identical with the yellow reference light but a different perception of brightness for the different color simulations.

The red-blind person's perception of brightness increases in the long-wave range continuously, whereas the sensation of brightness of the reasonably blind person as a whole Red / green frequency range remains the same.

These can be adjusted by regulating the brightness of the yellow standard Reliably identify faults.

State of the art: For the quantitative analysis of the parabola is located currently only the anomaloscope according to Nagel on the market. It used for investigation a single incandescent light, from which the spectral lines for sodium yellow prismatically, Lithium red and Quech silver green are filtered out. The brightness control and the regulation of the color mixing is done by mechanical gap width change of the Red and green components or the yellow line causes. The power of the device lies in a low luminous thickness of the color fields, so that the examiner can see the color fields can not watch with. Furthermore, the research that colors in the photopic Area to be examined, not to be met. This shortcoming becomes cumbersome eliminated.

After a short examination time, the test person has to go back to a look at a bright, white light field in order to achieve the required light adaptation state.

Furthermore, the high mechanical outlay results in a price that is one economic use of the device does not allow anywhere.

Color testing devices are known from patents (DT-AS 1566142 and US-PS 3807838) the separate incandescent light sources and color filters for generating the Use color fields.

The disadvantage is that the light emission of different incandescent lamps one A number of variables is subject to a calibration of sufficient accuracy not possible.

In the anomaloscope according to Nagel, this error is eliminated by using a the single incandescent light source.

In addition, as a rule, color filters do not filter so closely spe @ tra @, to speak of a monochromatic light and if they can, it arises again the problem of insufficient illuminance.

A color examination device is also known in patent writing (DE 3041699), which a color examination by means of Cathode ray tube @ re @ r possible. A quantification of the hereditary red / grain disorders is not possible, because this device has no menochromatic yellow.

Am based on the light emitting diode principle based color examination device is by the Offenlegungsschrift 2553324 of November 25, 75 and by the Auslegeschrift No. 2602304 from January 22nd, 76 rubbed down. Both are marked because they are require light homogenizing measures for the wiped light.

You font: r. 2553324 describes 2 possibilities of light homogenization.

1) (See drawing on page 9 Figure 1) The one from the red and granite The outgoing light is emitted in glass barrels, which together do the Illuminate observation field 12 b. the glass windows are so intertwined that one sufficient light nomogenisation is achieved.

In practice, Fas means that next to each granular fiber a red glowing fiber must lie. @ i @@ e Vaßna @ me is techni @ ch difficult to manufacture; In addition, the light density on the observation field decreases, so that the demand the pnotopic examination is not achieved.

b) @ie 2nd solution with ontic system (@ 4) and @ eobachtungs-Tela (12 a and 12 b) above reduces the available @luminance to mesoptical Areas herao. Another part of the revenge is that real @omogenization is possible ware when the light diodes (16 2 ans 16 b) sien in the same place in the optical Ae @ se are @orden, m @ s is not possible.

Sie Auslege @ enrift 2602304 desohreibt a device that is marked @aourch is, because @ between the LED and the Brobanden's viewing rock is assigned a polished light guide are (column 1, lines 11 - 18), which by total @ eflexion in the individual ladders, Sas en an LED with 2 lower light emitting areas emitted Red and green light should horogenize.

Fear @these measures will, as in the prescribed case, @ie light @ icht About observation. flat ge @ ck @ t. Next @ in wi @@ different colored light, because @ ven falls into a glass cylinder at @@ hiedlichen @ eit @ n, @ert not s @ homogenized, @ a @ at the other @@ En @ e a completely one-colored light @ comes out.

Task: The task of the fine-tuning is a color inspection device to build that has the following properties: 1. Compatibility of the anomaly quotients for those with weak colors with the Nagel anomaloscope.

2. Investigation in the photopic luminous service area.

3. Co-observation of the colored fields by the examiner.

4. Inexpensive construction that is economical everywhere allows.

5. Constant, predictable light emission to ensure sufficient calibration accuracy to achieve.

6. Homogeneity of the observation areas.

solution: The object is achieved according to the invention in that to generate of the monochromatic light light-emitting diodes are used, which are used alone during the day to produce a monochromatic light in the required intensity. as The light-emitting diode itself serves the observation area, which avoids loss of light. To the A light-emitting diode with 589 nm is used to generate the menochromatic yellow light (in my case LED Mr. CQV 38 from the Siemens company), which has the geometric shape of an observation field and emits a homogeneous yellow light. To the generation A so-called multi-color diode is used for the color simulations in the red / green area, which has only been on the market since April 1981. (In my case, light emitting diode No. L1) 110 from Siemens.) This light-emitting diode is capable of all color tones between 535 nm and 670 nm to be emitted continuously and homogeneously. This Leuthtdiode represents an innovation because before April 1981 only light-emitting diodes were on the market that were capable were to send out a certain red and a certain green. Homogeneous mixes the red and green components did not allow these light emitting diodes.

The compatibility of my device with the Nagel anomaloscope is thanks to the precise electronic controllability it achieves light-emitting diodes. Regarding the regulation can control voltage, amperage and time interval control be used. the latter is made possible by calculating the ratios of the switch-on times a direct conversion into the anomaly quotient values of the Nagel anomaloscope.

Due to the fact that the surface of the light emitting diodes serves as a field of observation is used, the examiner can use the set color mixture and brightness values Watch.

The patient feels the uncomfortable situation of the Nagel device Anomaloscope taken. (With the Nagel anomaloscope, the patient has to go into a telescope-like Look at the eyepiece system.

The overall construction can become more electronic due to the development of costs Components clearly inexpensive. tiger than the mechanical solution of the Nagelian anomaloscope.

The demand for economic use is thereby fulfilled.

The calibration accuracy of the device is determined by the physical accuracy the light-emitting diodes and the multiple control options promoted. At constant Switch-on times that z. B. correspond to the anomaly quotient 1.0, can then Achieve adjustments via voltage or amperage.

Claims (1)

Device for the quantitative investigation of the color sense and its disturbances. Claim: The color testing device is characterized by that light-emitting diodes are used to generate the mixed and comparison light and a device for homogenizing the light is required. The device allows the examination in the photopic range due to its high luminance. A possibility of observation l'it of the sub-ocher is also possible. Due to the use of light emitting diodes a high calibration accuracy is given. Furthermore, there is iomatibility to the Nagel anomaloscope.