DE3202930C2 - - Google Patents

Abstract

The electromechanical drive for doors or the like has a d.c. motor (2) with a high-ratio planetary gear unit (3) for driving an output shaft (7), on which is arranged a toggle lever linkage (16) for driving the door. In the closed position of the door, the toggle lever linkage (16) forms a small acute angle and, in the open position of the door, forms a large obtuse angle of almost 180 DEG . The toggle lever linkage (16) can be arranged on either end piece (15) of the output shaft (7). The housing of the drive is symmetrical with respect to a transverse centre plane which includes the output shaft (7). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to an electromechanical drive for Swivel wing of doors or the like with in one common seed housing between the electric motor, preferably one DC motor, with one running in the longitudinal direction of the housing Rotor shaft, and its control unit arranged itself uninhibited gearbox, its output shaft transverse to the Ge longitudinal direction and with a linkage to drive the wing is detachable, with the linkage as a toggle lever like linkage is formed, the lever in one end position (closed position) of the wing a little pointed and one in the other end position (open position) of the wing form a large obtuse, approximately elongated angle.

Such a drive is described in DE-GM 79 30 545 which is characterized by a comparatively small housing horizontal longitudinal extension and thus also at subsequent, visible installation on interior doors whose Er appearance is only slightly affected.

Due to the preferably used DC motors, the each driven door leaf quickly from its respective End position, i.e. Open or closed position accelerated out will.

The transmission is relatively volu in the known drive meticulous, self-locking, two-stage spur gear trained to open and close the door by hand for example in the event of a power failure. In addition, the Door may also be open when the motor is live Hand moved against the direction of the engine, so that safety slip clutches are unnecessary to an jam people when the door closes by a motor prevent.  

The spur gear is in together with the output shaft a gearbox block nested.

The known drive can mon on a right or left door be animals. It is important that the engine is correct is poled or reversed. This provides a source of error assembly and makes it relatively complex.

The invention has for its object an electromecha African drive of the type mentioned so forth wrap that it is an easier and safer assembly guaranteed for use on right and left doors and at the same time more compact and less expensive to manufacture is built.

This task is in the aforementioned electromechanical driven by the features in the characteristic part of the An spell 1 solved.

The two ends of the boom are accessible Liche output shaft is thus a continuous shaft that forms the use of the drive without retrofitting so probably for left and right hinged doors possible. It is just a reverse assembly necessary, d. H. in one case, the housing with the motor on the right and in the other case with the engine on the left side mounted while the linkage in both cases on the same, for example lower case side is coupled. Due to the symmetry to the central transverse plane Formation of the housing is its appearance from the Installation position of the electromechanical drive independent.

The continuous wave results in a larger one Space requirement, but this is due to the special design tion of the planetary gear as coaxial with the electric motor Unit compensated.  

The planetary gear enables even with very large overs Self-locking freedom, so that the Electric motor easily as a relatively small, fast running engine can be designed for a zügi Open and close the sash required drive to get performance.

A continuous make shaft with connection on both sides ends for the linkage is from US-PS 42 87 639 for one known purely mechanical closer with a closing spring, whose direction of rotation when closing by the arrangement of Closing spring is set. With this mechanical lock The assembly on a right or left door becomes easier in that the closer turns accordingly is mounted and the linkage at one end or the other the closer shaft is connected.

A planetary gear is also known for door drives. DE-AS 11 85 085 describes an electromechanical Sliding door drive for vehicle doors, the comparatively is voluminous and it also has a ge third construction does not arrive.

Furthermore, from CH-PS 5 33 229 is an electromechanical Folding gate operator with planetary gear known. He is in that Swivel joint integrated between the folding door leaves.

According to the invention, the free, i.e. not to that Toggle linkage coupled end of the output shaft to Coupling of a return spring to be arranged on the housing serve aggregates, which is the wing of the door or the like swings back into the closed position even in the event of a power failure.  If necessary, the return spring unit can also be used at Nor serve to close the wing by the elec motor only to open the wing or to keep the same with a voltage of corresponding polarity strikes and only closes from its voltage source is separated.

The return spring assembly preferably has a spring element a spiral spring, the free inner end of which is direct under tension using a suitable coupling piece is coupled to the free end of the output shaft. At the This arrangement can the return spring unit as a small, circular disk-shaped component, the zy Lindrische, with the housing of the electromechanical drive firmly connected peripheral wall as a fixed abutment with the outer end of the coil spring is coupled. Also results the spring characteristics of the spiral spring in connection with the Toggle linkage a desirable quick movement run with comparatively high initial acceleration and gentle delay in reaching the closed position, the the respective wing at the end of its movement phase with ge low speed and therefore low noise, same however, certainly achieved.

It is possible to arrange a motion detector that by means of emitted ultrasound, radar waves or the same movements in the area of the driven wing detects and a corresponding signal to the Steuerein unit, which then forwards the electric motor in each case because desired way controls, for example the wing open wisely or keep in open position.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is described below In accordance with the electromechanical drive for pivoting wings of doors or the like explained with the aid of the drawing.

It shows

Fig. 1 is a partially sectioned front view of the dome he inventive drive when removed covering the housing,

Fig. 2 is a partial sectional view according to the section line II-II in Fig. 1 of interacting, arranged on the output shaft cam and interacting switching elements for controlling the motor voltage and

Fig. 3 is a graphic representation of the motor voltage.

The drive according to the invention has a rectangular base and support plate 1 , which together with a cover, not shown, forms a cuboid housing with an approximately quadratic cross-section. The base and support plate 1 is used for mounting the drive on wall or door surfaces and as a support or frame for drive elements.

On the base and support plate 1 , a low-voltage DC motor 2 is arranged on one side, which is combined with a planetary gear 3 to form an assembly unit. The axis of the invisible rotor shaft of the DC motor 2 runs parallel to the longitudinal extension of the base and carrier plate and coaxial to the axis of the planetary gear 3 , the invisible input shaft of which is coupled directly to the rotor shaft of the DC motor 2 and on its output shaft 4 a conical gear pinion 5 is arranged.

The gear pinion 5 meshes with a bevel gear 6 , which is arranged on an output shaft 7 , the axis of which extends transversely to the axis of the direct current motor 2 and the planetary gear 3 and is penetrated by this axis approximately in the middle of the output shaft 7 . For axial and radial mounting of the output shaft 7 roller bearings 8 or the like, which run in the screwed onto the base and support plate 1 bearing shells 9 .

The DC motor 2 and the planetary gear 3 determine the cross section of the housing. The bevel gear 6 has approximately the same diameter as the DC motor 2 and, due to the small size of the gear pinion 5, is arranged in the axial direction of the output shaft 7 such that the bearing shells 9 in the axial direction of the output shaft 7 do not or only slightly over the contour of the DC motor 7 or Project planetary gear 3 .

On the part of the base and carrier plate 1 opposite the DC motor 2 with respect to the output shaft 7 , an electronic control unit 10 with a transformer 11 connectable on the input side to the customary mains voltage is arranged. This control unit 10 effects by means of appropriate elements, for example on a semiconductor basis, rectification and smoothing of the low voltage generated on the output side at the transformer 11 and, if necessary as a function of a control program explained below, generates a motor voltage with a possibly changing level and changing polarity.

The control unit 10 and the transformer 11 are arranged together on an insulating intermediate support plate 12 , with which they can be screwed onto the base and support plate 1 as a complete unit.

Is used for connection of the DC motor 2, a contact strip 13 at one end of the intermediate support plate 12, while a contact strip 14 on the other end plate, the intermediate carrier 12 is used for connecting a power line, not shown.

The housing shown is sym metric with a mounted cover hood to a central transverse plane comprising the axis of the output shaft. So if the direction of rotation of the output shaft 7 should or must be reversed, it is sufficient to turn the complete drive, so that the right and left and up and down are reversed, which is possible without changing the external appearance of the drive. A modification of the Lei line connections between the control unit 10 and DC motor 2 to reverse the polarity and thus the direction of rotation of the DC motor 2 is thus omitted.

The cross-sectionally non-circular end pieces 15 of the output shaft 7 are used to arrange an arm of a toggle linkage 16 , the other arm of which is generally connected to the door to be pivoted, while the housing shown in FIG. 1 on a fixed part of the building, for example on the fixed standing door frame above the wing is attached. However, the reverse arrangement is also conceivable, ie the Ge housing is attached to the wing and the other arm of the Ge rod 16 on the fixed door frame or the like. The drive is shown in FIG. 2 is formed so that the strands will Kniehebelge 16 when the leaf is closed forms a small acute angle Win, while the leaf open a large obtuse angle is formed, which is only slightly smaller than 180 °.

This ensures that near the open or closed position of the wing, a rotation of the output shaft 7 causes only a comparatively slight pivoting of the wing, so that it gently accelerates out of its open or closed position at the beginning of a movement phase and when swiveling in the other end position even at approximately constant rotational speed from the drive shaft 7 is gently decelerated.

In addition, the acceleration or deceleration of the wing can be supported by a corresponding change in the motor voltage generated by the control unit 10 , as shown in FIG. 3, which shows the motor voltage as a function of the pivoting position of the output shaft 4 or the opening angle of the Wing shows. Curve 17 shows the voltage curve when the wing is opened, while curve 18 corresponds to the voltage curve when the wing is closed. To open the wing, an initially increasing voltage is applied to the DC motor 2 until a predetermined maximum value, for example 24 volts, is reached. Shortly before reaching the full opening angle of the wing, the motor voltage U is reduced to a lower value of, for example, 11 volts, so that the open position of the wing is achieved with a reduced engine speed. When the open position is reached, the voltage U can be switched off; if necessary, the voltage for securing the open position can continue to be applied to the DC motor 2 . Preferably, according to the dashed curve section 17 'before reaching the open position of the door, a counter current supply to the DC motor 2 , ie applying an electrical voltage corresponding to the opposite polarity, is provided in order to slow down the door movement.

The closing of the wing takes place in a corresponding manner, but the voltage applied to the DC motor 2 now has reversed polarity and also a somewhat smaller size, for example -18 volts. The closed position of the door is in turn reached at a reduced engine speed at a voltage of -11 volts, previously according to the curve section 18 'shown in broken lines, a counterbe flow of the DC motor 2 can take place.

Conveniently, the control unit 10 is programmed so that the counter current during the opening or closing phase of the wing is only once for a limited period of time to prevent the wing from swinging back and forth when it is just before or during the counter-current was stopped by hand during its pivoting movement.

In addition, the change in motor voltage can be done by the control unit 10 depending on the position of the drive shaft 7 . For this purpose, scanning elements 19 and 20 are provided which cooperate with cams 21 and 22 on the output shaft 7 , which press a scanning roller or the like on the scanning elements 19 and 20 with respect to the axis of the output shaft 7 radially outward when the output shaft 7 is one of the Open or closed position of the wing approaches the corresponding position; at the same time with each of the scanning elements 19 and 20 generates an output signal which causes the control unit 10 to change the motor voltage.

Otherwise, the control unit 10 reacts to pulses, not shown, command transmitters, for example switches, movement detectors or the like, which can be excited or actuated in the area of the door opening and whose signals cause the control unit 10 to the DC motor 2, the voltage provided for opening in each case or closing the wing.

At the end of the output shaft 7 that is not required for the arrangement of the toggle linkage 16, a return spring unit 23 ( FIG. 1) can be arranged on the housing, which tries to turn the output shaft 7 in the sense of a closure of the wing when the motor is de-energized. As a spring element of the return spring unit 23 , a spiral spring 24 is preferably provided, the inner end of which is coupled by means of a coupling piece to the output shaft 7 and the outer end of which is fixed to the outer wall of a circular disk-shaped spring housing which surrounds the spiral spring 24 . With fire-retardant and similar doors, this ensures safe closing even in the event of a power failure. In addition, if necessary, even during normal operation, the closing operation of the wing by means of the DC motor can be dispensed with, it is sufficient if the control unit 10 de-energizes the motor 2 before the wing is closed.

Deviating from the scanning of the rotational position of the output shaft 7 shown in FIG. 2 by means of scanning elements 19 , 20 and cams 21 and 22 , other actual value transmitters can also be provided, for example optical pushbuttons, one on the output shaft 7 or on a part connected to the same register the arranged color contrast.

Claims (7)

1. Electromechanical drive for pivoting wings of doors or the like with in a common housing between the electric motor, preferably a DC motor, with a rotor shaft extending in the longitudinal direction of the housing, and its control unit arranged self-locking gear, the output shaft of which runs transversely to the longitudinal direction of the housing and with a linkage can be coupled to drive the wing, the linkage being designed as a toggle-like linkage, the lever of which forms a small point in one end position (closed position) of the wing and a large obtuse, approximately extended angle in the other end position (open position) of the wing, thereby featured,

• - That the linkage ( 16 ) optionally on one of the opposite sides of the transverse plane symmetrical with respect to a through the axis of the output shaft ( 7 ) means symmetrical or substantially sym metric housing to the two ends accessible there for receiving the linkage ( 16 ) ( 15 ) From the drive shaft ( 7 ) can be coupled;
• - That the output shaft ( 7 ) by means of a strongly overlaid planetary gear ( 3 ) with the electric motor ( 2 ) is drive-connected;
• - That the planetary gear ( 3 ) and the same axis electric motor ( 2 ) are arranged as a jointly mountable unit;
• - That the transverse to the output shaft ( 7 ) extending longitudinal axis of the planetary gear ( 3 ) passes through the axis of the output shaft ( 7 ) approximately in the middle.

2. Electromechanical drive according to claim 1, characterized in that on the output shaft ( 7 ) a larger bevel gear ( 6 ) and on the output shaft ( 4 ) of the planetary gear ( 3 ) a smaller bevel gear ( 5 ) are arranged meshing with each other. 3. Electromechanical drive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that on the Ge rod ( 16 ) opposite end of the output shaft ( 7 ) with the output shaft ( 7 ) coupled return spring assembly ( 23 ) is arranged on the housing. 4. Electromechanical drive according to claim 3, characterized by a circular disk-shaped return spring assembly ( 23 ) with a spiral spring ( 24 ). 5. Electromechanical drive according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the electric motor ( 2 ) for accelerating the wing from one end position (closed, open position) with high voltage corresponding polarity and when pivoting the wing in the other end position with a lower voltage can be applied ( Fig. 3). 6. Electromechanical drive according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the electric motor ( 2 ) before reaching the respective end position of the wing - for example between a phase of movement of the wing, in which a high voltage is applied to the electric motor ( 2 ), and one subsequent phase of movement of the wing, in which a lower voltage is applied to the electric motor ( 2 ) - a voltage counteracting the respective direction of movement can be applied. 7. Electromechanical drive according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the control unit ( 10 ) controls the electric motor ( 2 ) in dependence on command devices, such as switches, motion detectors or the like.