DE3149400A1 - PRESS FOR MACHINING METAL PARTS - Google Patents

Description

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3U9A00

The invention relates to a press for processing metal parts. In particular, it is a Lochbzw. Expansion press.

In the case of a piercing press, the mandrel is used for piercing, and the punch is used during a work cycle of the press and moving the mandrel together first to apply pressure to one end of a solid compact which is in the die, which is slightly smaller in diameter than the die. This becomes the body "upset" and expands over the entire diameter the die. The mandrel is then advanced relative to the punch in order to punch holes in the compact. While punching the material that is being advanced by the mandrel flows back around the mandrel as it flows backwards moving stamp allows.

In the case of an expanding press, the punch is provided with a nose (which is held in the punch in a known manner), and the mandrel is a so-called expanding mandrel. These tools work during a work cycle of the press and expand the pressed body on (which has been previously machined to obtain an axial bore for receiving the mandrel), in preparation for the subsequent extrusion into a pipe or hollow body. Of course, the invention can help you Presses can be used either for punching or for expanding, but for the sake of simplicity only a punching press is used to explain the invention.

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In the case of the presses under consideration, it is known to use a mandrel with a mandrel holder with a threaded connection to connect between the mandrel and the holder to the crosshead. With such an arrangement must When replacing the mandrel, the old mandrel can be removed from the holder and a new mandrel in the center line the press because of the weight of the mandrels and the possibility of incorrect screwing or damaging the screw connection a difficult one and is time consuming work.

The invention is therefore based on the object of designing a press of the type mentioned in such a way that the replacement of the mandrels is easier and faster.

To solve this task, the invention provides a press before, which is characterized by two concentrically arranged tools, namely with an upsetting punch axial inner bore and a mandrel that can be moved in the bore, both of which are connected to each other during operation of the press. are connected to movable crossheads, the crossheads are guided in the main frame of the press, un the desired movement of punch and mandrel along a common axis, i.e. the center line through the press during the various work acting on the pressed part located in the die. to achieve cycles, by moving piston-cylinder units connected to the crossheads, and

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by a tool holder that keeps the punch coaxial with the axis during operation and the on Guides are movable transversely to the axis, around the punch and the mandrel simultaneously in one remote from the axis To guide position, with separation of the punch and the mandrel from the corresponding crossheads.

Preferred embodiments of the invention emerge from the subclaims.

With such an arrangement according to the invention, a set of tools can be quickly exchanged for one another, without the press having to be switched off for a considerable period of time. It also facilitates the use of

Quick release connections between the tools and || their respective cross Berghaupten the tool exchange further f without the screw connections, which in conventional presses | can be damaged. According to the invention, the press can include two transfer tables and associated tool holders, which are arranged on the front and rear of the press. However, transfer tables can also be dispensed with and two tool holders can be attached to corresponding "guides and guided transversely to the press axis to the distant points, one of which is on the back and the other on the front of the press. The use of this press arrangement, in which the tool holder for the punch and the mandrel is brought into the remote position in which

the tool holder is then held by a part of the press frame and not on a carrier consisting of a moving crosshead avoids introducing imbalances.

The invention is to be explained below with reference to the drawings, specifically using the example of a piercing press.

It shows:
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Fig. 1 shows a general arrangement of a punch press in vertical section through the center line the press;

FIG. 2 shows a section in the same plane as FIG. 1, but on a larger scale with the mandrel, the punch and the tool holder;

Fig. 3 is a representation, seen in the plane of the section A-A in Figure 2 with positions from Tool carriers are occupied while the mandrel and punch are being withdrawn and exchanged;

Fig. 4 shows a section in the plane B-B of Figure 2 with the mandrel and punch on the holder, which is from the press axis is withdrawn, and a second tool holder with mandrel and punch in advanced Position, ready to lead into the working position;

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FIG. 5 shows a section in the plane C-C of FIG. 2 with the means for clamping and moving the tool holder in the working position;

6 is a view of a tool holder and associated parts for a mandrel and a punch during movement between work and remote locations;

FIG. 7 shows a vertical section in the plane E-E of FIG. 6 the tool holder and associated parts;

8 shows a section of the tool holder and the associated parts in the plane F-F in FIG

Figures 9, 10 and 11 are representations similar to Figure 3 of the positions occupied by the tool holders in modified forms of the press.

The press shown in Figure 1 includes a main frame with two vertical side parts 1 (only one of which is shown), which in a known manner by an upper and a lower crosshead 2 and 3, respectively, are connected to one another. In the frame are two movable in a known manner Crossheads 4 and 5 slidably attached, of which the upper 4 has a piercer 12 (FIG. 2) and the lower 5 carries a punch 10 which, as shown in FIG. 2, has an axially arranged inner bore 13 in which the mandrel can be moved. The punch and the mandrel make two

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Tools, which during a work cycle of the press either together or individually in a common axis can be moved, namely the center line X-X of the press (Figure 1) to lie on a piece of metal (Press body) to act, which is held in a die 7 in a known manner while the press is working will. As FIG. 1 shows, the die 7 is one of two dies 7 and 8 which are held by a holder 6 which is rotatable about a vertical shaft that protrudes upright from the lower crosshead 3 to to bring the dies 7 and 8 alternately into the working position. However, the invention is not related to presses limited with this particular arrangement. In the working position, the die takes a heated compact above a counter holder 9.

The upper movable crosshead 4 is connected to a piston of the hydraulic cylinder assembly 66, the is held by the upper fixed crosshead 2. The mandrel 2 is (while the press is working) by a Holder 35 is carried, which hangs from the crosshead 4. Not shown, but known detachable connections are located between the upper and the lower movable crosshead 4 and 5, so that they can be together or individually, can be moved as desired during the press cycle. The piston 65 can therefore the two crossheads 4 and 5 lead together downward during a partial cycle and then the crosshead 4 opposite move the crosshead 5 downwards while punching.

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The tool holder 11 is shown in FIGS. 6, 7 and 8. The projections 113 (Figure 8) run along the opposite side parts of the holder 11 and

Other hydraulic arrangements (not shown) cause the crossheads to be returned. | f

To ensure proper guidance of the dome 12 opposite ||

to ensure the punch 10 when punching is the I mandrel (which over the greater part of its length a slightly smaller diameter than the hole 13 in the |

Has punch) provided with an upper collar part 41 of such a diameter that in the bore 13 a sliding fit is present. The lower end part of the punch 10 is provided with a guide bushing 42 which is in the bore 13 is housed in order to precisely locate the piercer when punching | aligned concentrically with the bore 10 of the punch | to keep. . |

The following is to explain what happens when the punch 10 and mandrel 12 in the press between the working and remote locations when exchanging are moved by the mandrel and punch.

An upper part of the punch 10 is provided with a flange part 110 (FIGS. 2 and 3) through which it attaches a projection 111 is held in the tool holder 11. The projection 111 surrounds an opening in the tool holder, through which the punch 10 passes downwards.

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can slide in guide tracks 115 (FIG. 5) of two guide and clamping members 117, on arms 27, which on shafts 28 are pivotally attached, which are held by the crosshead 5 on opposite sides of the tool holder 11 are. The inner end portions of the arms 27 that form the guide and clamp members 117 are supported by a plurality of anchor rods 30, which pass through oversized bores in the crosshead 5, are pressed upward relative to the crosshead 5. The lower end parts of the anchor rods are rotatable around the parts 117, while the upper end parts with are provided with a head and are held by a series of disc springs 31, which normally the guide and push clamping members upward to secure the tool holder to clamp with the flange 110 of the punch 10 against the pressure ring 29, which is on the underside of the crosshead is held. According to Figures 5, 6 and 7, the punch 10 is provided with a somewhat protruding thrust bearing 34, in order to align it exactly in the pressure ring 29 (coaxial to the center line of the press).

the punch 10 and the kalter 11 move freely from the working position on the center line of the press are to, the guide and clamping members 117 (by slightly rotating the arms 27 around their shafts 28) the hydraulic fluid on the pistons 33, which are accommodated in the cylinders 32 hanging on the crosshead, downwards. The pistons act on the surfaces of the links 117 against the spring washers 31. The movement of the

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"Arms 27 under the action of the piston 33 is through appropriate Agent limited to a value which is necessary for releasing the punch 10 from the engagement of the pressure ring 29 sufficient. The punch 10 is lowered so far that the thrust bearing 34 can release the ring 29. The holder can then be moved along the guide tracks 115.

The mandrel 12 is removably retained in a slotted link 36 having a lower end portion of the mandrel holder 35 is screwed. The link 36 is provided with a slot 137 which extends from one side and a head part 138 of the dome 12 receives. Exactly below the slot 137, the member 36 has one Section 139 (C-shaped viewed from the lower end of the link)> which includes the collar part of the cathedral just below the head part 133. The dimensions and the arrangement the interacting parts and the connecting link result in a good, tight and secure fit of the parts, while it is possible that the mandrel can be slid sideways off the center line of the press to get it out to release the holder when the holder 11 is moved along the guide tracks 115 so that the mandrel 12 and punch can be brought out of the working position together while the mandrel remains in the bore 13 in the punch 10.

In order to prevent the dome from falling through the bore 13 when it is removed from the connecting member 36 as a result of the If lateral displacement of the holder 11 is released, it is provided with a mandrel pawl, which is shown in FIGS. 2, 6, 7

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and 8 is shown. The pawl has a pawl plate that moves towards and away from the mandrel 12 in a guide 143 is movable, which is attached to the upper surface of the holder so that an opening 145 extending through the Holder extends, is bridged (Figures 7 and 3). During the movement of the holder, the pawl link is arranged to engage the mandrel under a collar portion 141 (the free end of the pawl plate is so curved so that it corresponds to the envelope area of the cathedral, which lies exactly under the collar part 141) and thus carries the mandrel in the punch 10. To the latch plate in the To bring the transport position, a lever 38 is provided which lies in the opening 145 and its upper end part engages a slot 146 in the pawl plate. The lever is attached to a cross shaft 147 which passes through corresponding, bearing is stored in the holder 11. At opposite End portions of the shaft 147 are a pair of parallel arms 148 supported by levers 150 with push rods 39 are connected, which can slide in bores in the holder 11. These holes run in the direction of movement of the holder. These springs 152 are arranged around the bumpers 39 between the flanges 154 and end caps 156 are screwed into the bores. The springs push the rods to the right (Figures 6 and 7) and thus (via the arms 148, the transverse shaft 147 and the lever 38) the pawl plate 37 into the transport position.

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When the holder 11 is moved to the right (FIGS. 2, 6 and 7) around a ram 10 and the mandrel 12 into the working position to bring in the press, with the head 138 of the dome in the connecting link 36 - then come the end parts of the pushrods 39 in contact with stops 40 (which are arranged in a suitable manner on the crosshead 5 are), just before the end of the movement of the tool holder, so that at the end of this movement the bumpers 39 can be moved to the left (FIGS. 6 and 7) in order to remove the pawl part 37 from carrying engagement with the mandrel 12 to withdraw.

On the side part 1 of the press frame (Figures 1, 2 and 4) | there is fixed a frame 20, the transverse sides between the U tenteilen runs 1 at a location at the rear of the crosshead. 5 A pair of guideways 24 and 25 (Figure 2) are arranged on the frame 20 on which a transfer table 22 slides which can be moved in the direction of the width of the press in a horizontal plane which extends between the side parts of the main frame. These movements of the transfer table | are driven by a hydraulic arrangement with pistons and | Cylinder causes. The cylinder 125 is arranged on the frame 20 and the piston 126 is connected to the transfer table (FIG. 4). There are two pairs of guideways 21, 21 and 21 ', 2I ¹ on the table. When the table assumes the position in which it is shown in FIG. 4, the guide tracks 21 are arranged in such a way that they form extensions of the guide tracks 115 of the guide and clamping members 117 % (FIG. 5). The frame 20 is located on the press I

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frame 20 at the desired height with respect to the crosshead 5 when it is held at a certain height (i.e. the position according to Figure 1). and the links 117 are in their free positions, so that the holder 11 together with the punch 10 and the mandrel 12 along the tracks 115 and on the tracks 21, 21 can move on the transfer table. The table is provided with a recess 127 in which the stamp 10 is received (Figures 2 and 4).

The frame 20 has a pair of rails 19, 19 spaced apart in the width direction of the press, on which a trolley 14 (Figure 2) with wheels 18 is guided. The movement of the trolley 14 on the rails 19 takes place by a hydraulic piston-cylinder arrangement, the cylinder 17 of which is on a frame between the rails 19 is arranged, and the piston rod 127 is connected to a part hanging from the cat, on which there is a downwardly directed tongue 15 which (when the piston rod 127 is in the extended Position according to Figure 2) enters the upwardly facing groove 16 in the tool holder 11 when the holder is in the working position and the crosshead assumes the upper position according to FIG.

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The guide tracks 21 ', 2I ¹ (Figure 4) on the table 22 take a second tool holder 11', which supports a replacement die 10 'and the belonging mandrel 12'.

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The distance between the two guide tracks 21, 21 and 21 ', 21' is such that after a tool holder 11 has been withdrawn from the working position (denoted by X in FIG. 3) into its retracted position (Y ₁ in FIGS. 3 and 4) and the extension of the piston rod 126 ^ m to move the table 22 on the guideways 24, until the holder 11 and the punch with the mandrel arrive at the offset position, which is denoted by Y in Figures 3 and 4, the holder 11 · is transferred with the exchange punch 10 'and the mandrel 12' from position Y to Y ₁ and the carrier 11 'is transferred from position Y- to the working position on the press center line X (Figure 3) by the piston 127 (Figure 2) can be moved, up to the engagement of the tool holder with the stop 26 (Figure 2) on the crosshead 5. The pressure bearing 34 on the punch is then located under the opening in the pressure ring 29. The movement of the table releases the groove 16 of the Holder 11 of the tongue 15 of the trolley 14 u nd allows it to engage in the corresponding groove 16 · of the holder 11 'after the holder 11' has been moved into the working position with the mandrel 12 'and the punch 10 · .. In the center line of the press, the cylinders 32 are subjected to pressure, so that the disc springs can pivot the pushrods 30 up the arms 27 so that the guide and clamping members 117 clamp the holder 11 'and the punch 10' in the working position in the center line of the press, the punch resting against the pressure ring 29. The movement of the holder in the

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Working position has the head 138 'of the dome 12 "in the Allow slot 136 of link 35 to enter and a connection between mandrel 12 and the holder and thus effected between the mandrel and the crosshead 5.

It is important to maintain the correct height between the lower end portions of the mandrel 12 and the punch 10. For this purpose, the press contains facilities 16O (Figure l) for Adjusting the overall length of the dome 12. While the adjuster can be anything, it is expedient to make the holder 35 out of two parts, of which the upper part 35a is fixedly arranged on the crosshead 4, and the lower part 35b is connected to the link 36 which carries the mandrel. The two parts of the mandrel holder are usually combined by a connecting member 161 which is divided into parts 35a and 35b

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is screwed in by means of a thread, so that the total length of the holder 35 is adjusted by turning. The connecting member 161 is preferably rotated by a motor drive which is provided in the housing 162 which surrounds the holder 35.

The machine shown can be provided with arrangements for supporting the mandrel and the punch, the opposite the described are slightly modified. The modified shapes allow for different combinations of tool holders and the associated parts so that the holders move the mandrels and punches to and from the press centerline lead on tracks that can be seen from FIGS. 9, 10 and 11.

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The modified arrangement of Figure 9 includes two tool holders 11 and 11 ', of which the holder 11 from the

Position in which he places the mandrel and the punch on the 1st Center line X of the press located, in an offset one

Location Wp has been moved. The second holder 11 'takes
a backward shifted position W, and is ready to
to be guided into the working position in order to bring another mandrel and punch into the working position at the k center line X. A press with the arrangement _ | j

after ^ igur 9 is changed so far that no transfer | j

table similar to table 22 or associated parts required i

are. The press contains a modified guide arrangement

tion for the holders 11 and 11 'and double devices s |

with pistons and cylinders (similar to cylinders 17 ||

according to Figures 1 and 2), which are located on the front and |

at the back of the press. Furthermore, the |

Holder 35 a modified slotted link |

have (see connector 36) so that the | j

Mandrels from the press center line forwards and backwards I

let move. Modified notices must also be used £)

(see stop 26) for positioning each tool shark |

ters 11 and II ^{1 be provided} in the working position. jfi

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The modified arrangement according to FIG. 10 contains three | Tool holder 11, 11 · and 11, of which the holder 11 $ and 11 'between the positions U- ,, Up and U, from a
Transfer table are movable and from the position U ₁
and the working position on the press center line X according to the description in Figures 1 to 8, while

2
rend the holder 11 directly between the working position

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on the press center line X and one moved to the front Position V-, in a manner similar to the holder 11 in the Arrangement according to Figure 9 is movable.

The arrangement according to FIG. 11 contains four tool ^{holders 11, 11 ', II 2} and 11, of which 11 and 11' are located on the first transfer table and can be moved between the positions _{S 1 and S 2} and the positions S 1 and S 1. The holder in the position S- can then be brought into the working position on the center line X (Figures 1 to S). Holders 11 and 11 are similarly located on a second transfer table and are movable between positions T- and T, and between positions Tg and T, across the front of the press.

The holder in the T- position can be in the working position at the center line X when both holders 11 and 11 'are in the offset position at the rear the press. All the arrangements shown in Figures 9, 10 and 11 are included in the invention.

20th

So that a mandrel with a stamp on a holder only can be performed, the pressure ring 29 (on the crosshead 5) is against the in the working position, the upper end part of the stamp is clamped, with a gap (through which the latch plate 37 Figure 2 slides) or at the modified arrangement according to Figures 9, 10 and with a pair of such opposing gaps Mistake. The crosshead 5 is also provided with one or more incisions, if this is necessary for the passage of the Mandrel head is necessary.

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At every staggered position where the individual holders have thorns and associated stamps for exchanging ch and for maintenance, there is a corresponding lifting arrangement (by hand or with a motor) for lifting the The mandrel and the punch from the tool holder and also means for moving the push rods 39 of the Retainer against springs 152 to pull pawl plate 37 out of engagement with collar 141 can to free the mandrel and punch for removal from the holder by the lifting assembly. To the reloading of the holder, the push rods 39 are released by the spring action, so that the latch plate 37, the mandrel and punch can be released in the position on the holder to return them to the working position in the press.

The guiding and clamping members 117 may also be replaced by those which are unc ¹ is operated independently of one another are separated from one another.

Claims (1)

10 Mannesmann Aktiengesellschaft
Mannesmannufer 2
D-UOOO Düsseldorf 1 Press for processing metal parts Patent claims: M.T) press for processing metal parts, marked by two concentrically assigned tools, namely an upsetting punch (10) with an axial inner bore (13) and a mandrel (12) movable in the bore, both of which are movable with one another or with one another during operation of the press Crossheads (4, 5) are connected, the crossheads are guided in the main frame of the press to the desired movement of punch (10) and mandrel (12) along a common Axis, i.e. the center line through the press during the various on those in the die (7) To achieve pressed part acting work cycles by dtn crossheads (4, 5) connected, these moving piston-cylinder units, and by a tool holder (11) that supports the punch (10) during operation holds coaxial with the axis and which is movable on guides (21) 'transversely to the axis, around the punch and TELEX TELEGRAM: TCwEFON: BANK ACCOUNT: CHECK ACCOUNT: 1 · 85644 INVENTION BERLIN BERLINER BANK Aa P. MEISSNER, BLN-W (rtvefl ό BERLIN 030/891 SO 37 BERLIN 31 404737-103 030/8813026 3Θ85716ΟΟ0 3U9400 to guide the mandrel at the same time in a position away from the axis, with separation of the punch and the Thorns from the corresponding crossheads (4, 5). 2. Press according to claim 1, characterized in that the guides (20) are a pair of clamp and guide members (117) which in the working position of the tool holder (11) this in this position with the punch (10) connect, which is connected to its crosshead (5), and that the clamping and guide members (117) in one Direction are movable in which they release the tool holder (11) for movement along the clamping and guide members in its distant position » 3. Press according to claim 2, characterized in that a spring (31) is provided, the clamping and guide members (117) presses into the clamping position and that a hydraulic drive is provided, which presses the tool holder * (11) out of the clamping position against the spring action. 20th U. Press according to claim 3, characterized in that the crosshead (5) to that of the tool holder (11) the clamping and guide members (117) is clamped, is provided with a pressure ring (29) which is connected to that on the tool holder carried punch (10) can be brought into engagement that an opening is provided in the pressure ring (29), the stationary thrust bearing, which is located on the punch (10) and fixes it on the axis, and there when moving the clamping and guide members (117) to free the tool holder, the plunger (10) is lowered, whereby the thrust bearing can be withdrawn from the opening in the thrust ring (29). 5. Press according to claims 2, 3 and 4, characterized in that the movable crosshead (4) for the mandrel 3U9400 (12) has a mandrel holder (35) which has a connecting member (36) slotted in this way for receiving the head part (138) of the mandrel (12) has that when the tool carrier (11) moves into its remote position, the head part (138) of the mandrel (12) slides out of the slotted connecting member (36). 6. Press according to claim 5, characterized in that the tool carrier (11) with a device (37) for Carrying the mandrel (12) in the punch (10) during the movement of the holder (11) between the working and the remote position is provided. 7. Press according to claim 6, characterized in that the mandrel support device contains a pawl (37) which is movable under the action of a spring (31) into a position in which it is under a collar (41) of the mandrel engages, and that a device is provided which automatically disengages the pawl when the Tool holder (11) has finished moving into the working position and the head part (13 8) of the mandrel in Has engaged with the slotted connecting member (36) of the mandrel holder (35). 8. Press according to claims 2 to 7, characterized in that one held by the main frame of the press Support is provided, which runs transversely to the press, free of the movable crossheads (4, 5) and on the tool holder (11) is displaceable by the clamping and guide members (117). 9. Press according to claim 8, characterized in that the guide tracks (24, 25) are on a transfer table (22) are located along the beam between a position in which the guideways with the clamping t · I I and guide members (117) are aligned on which the tool holder (11) in the working position of the press is held, and a remote position is movable in which the tool holder (11) on the guide tracks held punch and mandrel are removable for maintenance and replacement. 10. Press according to claim 9, characterized in that the upper guide table (22) has further guide tracks for carrying a second tool holder (H ') for a prepared punch (10 ·) and mandrel (12 ¹ ) which can be brought into the working position. 11. Press according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the holder (35) holding the mandrel (12) connects to the crosshead, has a device for adjusting the effective total length of the mandrel holder, with which the axial position of the mandrel with respect to the associated punch is adjustable.
20th 12. Press according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the mandrel diameter is slightly smaller than that of the inner bore (13) of the punch (12) and that for guidance (a) a collar (41) is provided on the mandrel (12) near its head part (138), the collar (41) being a NEN has such a diameter that it can slide in the bore (13), and that (b) a guide bushing close an end part of the bore is provided for guiding the mandrel when it comes out of the bore (13) when punching a Metal part emerges. 13. Press according to claims 8 to 10, characterized in that a drive for retraction on the carrier a tool holder (11) is provided from the working position along the guide rails so that the 3U9400 drove is automatically connectable to the tool holder when the crosshead carrying the holder is in a position brings, in which the clamping and guide members (117) are aligned with the guide tracks (24, 25) and of them can be solved when the crosshead is moved in the work cycle of the press.