DE3112348A1 - Magnetic spreader beam for semi-finished steel products and with safety stirrups - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a magnetic spreader beam for semi-finished steel products, in particular plate slabs. It has an elongated yoke on which at least one load-lifting magnet and at least two rigid safety stirrups are arranged. The latter each have a top arm running essentially horizontally, a perpendicular web connected to this arm, and a bottom catch arm projecting essentially horizontally from the web and inwards transversely to the yoke. They are held on the yoke in such a way that they can perform an elevation motion and can assume a securing position and a release position. The top arm of each safety stirrup merges into a web at each of its two ends. A short catch arm is attached at the bottom to each of the two webs. Each arm is pivotable in its centre area about a vertical pivot axis arranged on the longitudinal centre line of the yoke. <IMAGE>

Description

Designation: Magnetic crossbeam for steel semi-finished products and with safety

heitsbügeln The invention relates to a magnetic traverse for Semi-finished steel products, in particular slabs, with an elongated yoke on which at least a lifting magnet and at least two rigid safety brackets are arranged, - each with an upper, essentially horizontally extending arm, one with this connected vertical web and a lower, from the web substantially have tentacles protruding inwards horizontally and transversely to the yoke, and - which are held on the yoke such that they can be lifted and between a securing position in which the tentacles reach under a slab and can be moved to a release position, in which they release the space below the slab.

In the magnetic traverse known from DE-OS 30 14 536.9 at the beginning mentioned type, the safety stirrups have the shape of a lying U. The upper arm this U-shaped safety bar, which is located above the yoke, is in a guide running at right angles to the yoke, which in turn is opposite the yoke can be raised and lowered. This allows the safety bar move between a secured position and a release position, with through the lifting device is also ensured that each safety bar so far can be raised to a full release position that there is no space laterally next to a slab hanging on the lifting magnet.

This makes it possible to place the slab in between two other slabs to lay any remaining gap.

Due to the U-shaped safety bracket, the webs of which are each are on the same side of a raised slab, the other side of this remains Slab freely accessible, the well-known magnetic traverse reaches under from only one side.

This has the advantage that the other side of the slab is immediate can be stowed on a cargo hold wall and carry out a loading process leaves, as it is also disclosed in DE-OS 30 14 536.9.

However, the known magnetic traverse has several disadvantages: First are the lower horizontal arms of the U-shaped safety stirrup, which serve as tentacles relatively long, as they reach under the widest slab over its entire width. However, the upper arm must be displaceable in the longitudinal guide transversely to the yoke by the same amount be. Overall, there are large displacement paths that the known magnetic traverse bulky.

Second, the well-known magnetic traverse takes the load (slab) asymmetrically on. Between the longitudinal center axis of the slab and the longitudinal center axis of the yoke the traverse remains a distance. This already leads to the inclusion of a slab to difficulties for the crane operator, since he has the known traverse in one Transverse direction of the slab must be offset on the slab. Continue to be either the crane's suspension ropes, of which at least 4 are necessary, are uneven loaded, or it must, if only two suspension ropes are to be used, a counterweight compensate for the uneven load distribution. However, the counterweight increases that Total weight of the magnetic crossbeam disadvantageous. Finally, the one-sided requires Undermining the known magnetic crossbeam that this was converted or opposed to it the crane rope must be turned if after stacking on a cargo hold wall with the Stacking to the other cargo hold wall is to be started. The turning of the traverse is time consuming, either it requires a special spreader, as is the case with the known magnetic traverse is provided, or a removal of the traverse and harness. Thus, either the construction or the weight of the truss is increased, or time is lost during the loading process for rotating the crosshead.

Third, the safety stirrups of the known traverse must be sufficient be dimensioned that also an abrupt load on the free ends of the tentacles which occurs when a slab after a power failure of the lifting magnets first tilts on these free end areas of the tentacles.

In addition, the longitudinal guides and the lifting devices must be sufficient be dimensioned so that they take up the entire weight of one of the tentacles Can transfer slab.

This means that the longitudinal guide and the lifting device are each relative complex and difficult.

From DE-AS 24 26 359 is a long material traverse with several Lifting magnets and known with pincer-like safety grippers. The security grabs can be rotated around a vertical axis, they are on this axis Arranged so that it can be lifted and can be opened and closed by means of a third drive will. Such safety grippers are, however, due to their pincer-like shape not suitable for the slabs of different widths, as they are with normal loading problems attack. The differences in width of the slab are too great for a pair of tongs. Farther the load on the pliers is unfavorable when it is secured. Besides that, everyone needs the pincer-like safety gripper has three drives, which because of their number complicate the construction and handling of the known long material traverse.

In particular, however, it is disadvantageous that the safety gripper next to the magnets are arranged so that the known traverse is bulky.

The object of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the known traverses to avoid and to improve the magnetic traverse of the type mentioned in that it has a lighter weight, the shortest possible movements between the locking position and the release position requires greater security against falling Slab in the event of a power failure and is easier to use overall, These The object is achieved in that the upper arm of each safety bar on his merges into a web at both ends and one at the bottom of both webs short tentacle is attached, and that each arm in the area of its middle around one Pivot axis is pivotable, which is vertical and on the longitudinal center line of the yoke is arranged.

In contrast to the known magnetic traverse according to the above mentioned type encompasses the magnetic crossbeam according to the invention with its safety brackets one slab on both long sides. This means that relatively short tentacles are sufficient, which in turn leads to very short distances between the secured position and the release position, since these paths are essentially determined by the length of the tentacles. Also offer the total of four tentacles - in contrast to the two tentacles in the known Magnetic traverse - greater safety in the event of a power failure of the lifting magnets. Included the cross-sections of the arms and webs of the traverse according to the invention can be significant be selected lower than with the known traverse, since the forces in the case of security Attack with very short lever arms.

The magnetic traverse according to the invention enables immediate stacking both long sides of a slab to other slabs or a cargo hold wall without the traverse must be rotated because the safety bar is in its release position clear both long sides of a slab completely. It is still in use simply because it is always placed centrally on a slab to be lifted.

A decisive advantage of the magnetic traverse according to the invention is Finally it can be seen that in the event of a power failure, i.e. in the event of a backup, the pivot axis and the controls for moving the safety bar practical are not stressed, so that these parts are mechanically stressed and consequently can have a small weight.

The traverse according to the invention fits due to their largely symmetrical structure can easily be attached to different slab widths without - as with the known, one-sided traverse - problems with different loads the ropes occur. For the traverse according to the invention, all in all are sufficient two suspension ropes, as the load can be carried symmetrically.

A separate pivot axis can be provided for each safety bar be. Two pivot axes are each so far away from each other that the two safety bars do not interfere with each other. Preferably move the two safety bars roughly parallel to each other.

However, a version with two safety bars is preferred are arranged pivotably about a common pivot axis, which is preferably is located in the middle between the two lifting magnets. This allows the Train magnetic traverse so that in the complete release position they have a has a smaller width and a smaller length than the smallest slab to be lifted. The safety brackets are completely above the yoke whose Dimensions, in turn, depend almost exclusively on the dimensions and the spacing of the two magnets can be determined.

Overall, a construction is achieved that takes up little space, easily built and very handy in practical use.

The pivoting movement of the safety bar around the pivot axis is with a suitable device, in particular by means of a cylinder / piston unit reached between two safety bows or - in the case of a magnetic traverse with two swivel axes - arranged between a safety bracket and the yoke is. A special drive is not required for the lifting movement, which is advantageous it is, however, necessary to provide a cylinder / piston unit within the pivot axis, which engages in the middle of at least one safety bar and moves it towards the Can actively move the swivel axis.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention are in the secured position the safety bow covers the areas of each arm that are near the webs Sliding blocks directly on the underside of the yoke. In the event of a backup, i.e. in the event of a power failure the lifting magnets, the resulting forces are thus quickly transferred to the Yoke initiated. Neither on the swivel axis nor on the drive devices the safety bar accounts for a larger proportion of the total force.

Further advantages of the invention emerge from the remaining claims.

Two exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained below and described with reference to the drawing.

In this Fig. 1. A side view of a magnetic traverse with in the safety position and with a slab that the Has the largest possible dimensions, Fig. 2. A plan view of the magnetic crossbeam and slab according to FIG. 1, FIG. 3, a side view corresponding to FIG. 1, however with safety brackets in the fully released position and a slab with the smallest possible dimensions, Fig. 4 is a plan view of the magnetic crossbeam and slab according to FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of a magnetic traverse according to another embodiment.

The classification of steel semi-finished products is regulated in the European standard 79-69. For such a material, but in particular for slabs, the invention is Magnetic crossbeam preferably intended. But it can be just as general for everyone use magnetizable or at least partially magnetizable parts that due to their shape are suitable to be held under by safety bars. the Magnetic traverse according to the invention can thus also be used, for example, for magnetizable Stainless steel sheets, for iron girders, the loading of welded wire mesh or the like insert.

The magnetic traverse shown in Figs. 1-4 is designed for slabs, whose length is between 4.80 m and 14.80 m, whose width is between 1 m and 1.80 m varies and which have a slab thickness between 20 and 23 cm.

The magnetic crossbeams shown are suitable for a loading process as described in DE-OS 30 14 536.9.

However, they are also suitable for others, as follows procedures to be discussed.

As can be seen from the figures, the magnetic traverse has an elongated one Yoke 20, which is slightly shorter than the shortest slab length (Fig. 4). On the yoke 20 two lifting magnets 21, 22 are gimbaled so that they - like FIG. 3 shows - the shortest possible slab can still be gripped over its entire surface.

Their width corresponds roughly to the smallest possible slab width.

As shown in FIGS. 1-4, the total length of the magnetic traverse is essentially determined by the lifting magnets 21, 22. The lifting magnets are attached to the longitudinal center line L of the yoke 20.

The two lifting magnets 21, 22 jointly carry a slab which in Figs. 1 and 2 with 23 (slab with the largest possible dimensions), in Fig. 3 and 4 with 24 (slab with the smallest possible dimensions) and in FIG. 5 with 25 is.

About above the cardanic suspension point of each lifting magnet 21, 22 are pulleys 26 for several ropes 27. Since these parts are known per se need not be discussed in detail. It should be pointed out, however on the short distance between the point of application of the ropes 27 and the gimbal Point of the lifting magnets 21, 22, the very favorable introduction of the forces and thus largely the relief of the yoke 20 leads. On the area of the yoke 20 there is practically no share between the two lifting magnets 21, 22 the force resulting from the slab weight. Only two are necessary in total Ropes 27, the higher number shown is due to the heavy weight of the load intended.

In the geometric center of the yoke 20 and thus in the center of the Longitudinal center line L is arranged a pivot axis 28 which is parallel to the ropes 27, i.e. vertical, runs. It is located above the yoke 20 and is of encompassed two annular disks 29, which are part of a total of two rigid safety brackets 30, 31 are.

Each safety bracket 30, 31 has one that runs above the yoke 20 substantially horizontal arm 32, which at its two end regions in each case a vertical web 33 passes over, each of which is essentially horizontal at the bottom and projecting transversely inwardly projecting tentacles 34, which the actual safety function exercise.

As the figures show, these tentacles 34 are relatively short.

As a result, the pivoting path or the pivoting angle of the safety bar remains 30, 31 proceeding from the securing position shown in FIG. 2 into a release position extremely small. This pivoting movement of the safety bracket 30, 31 is about a piston / cylinder unit 35 reached, which with both ends in the vicinity of the Pivot axis 28 is articulated to the two safety brackets 30, 31. The in and The pivoting movement is indicated by an arrow A in FIG.

As FIG. 2 shows, the two half-arms of each arm 32 do not run radially into the annular disk 29, but are offset with respect to a radial arranged that in the complete release position the parallel position shown in FIG of the two arms 32 is possible.

Furthermore, each arm 32 is bent. As a result, those in the vicinity of the Webs 33 located areas 36 a mutual distance, which makes it possible to arrange the rope pulleys 26 between them, as can be seen in particular from FIG is. However, this also results from the parallel offset in each half arm in the event of a backup, an improved support of the arms 32 on the yoke 20. That is not Depressed areas of each half-arm, designated 37 in FIG. 2, also remain in the case of larger pivoting angles, the safety brackets 31, 32 above the yoke 20, as Fig. 2 shows. This allows these areas 37 to be on top of the yoke Support 20. This is done via sliding blocks 39 attached to the underside of each half arm are arranged and move on sliding surfaces 40, each on the associated Top of the yoke 20 are formed. The arms are in the secured position 32 with their areas 37 directly on the yoke 20.

This means that the weight of a slab is short in the event of a backup Lever arms introduced directly into the yoke 20 without the pivot axis 20, the Ring discs 29 etc. are fully loaded. Accordingly, as shown in Fig. 2 and 4 illustrate that the outer regions 36 of the arms 32 are correspondingly more massive formed as the inner regions of these arms 32.

The yoke 20 is made in one piece as a casting and has in his Central region in which the pivot axis 28 is arranged, a downwardly directed Parallel offset.

This reduces the overall height of the magnetic crossbeam.

As FIGS. 1 and 3 show, the arms 32 are also corresponding. and compared to each other differently offset, so that the greater thickness of the Ring disks 29 (compared to the thickness of the arms 32) are not in a larger The height of the traverse is reflected.

Raising the safety bar 30, 31 can instead of the already cylinder / piston unit described above and arranged within the pivot axis 28 can also be achieved via other, suitable active drives. For example, can also the cylinder / piston unit 35, which enables the inward and outward pivoting movement, force a stroke movement at the same time if a suitable control cam is provided which converts the spreading stroke according to arrow A into a stroke movement according to part H. as well can be an active drive for the lifting movement by means of such a control cam (i.e. in the sense of arrow H) at the same time for the pivoting movement of the arms arrow A) can be used.

For some applications, the magnetic traverse according to the invention can however, on active drives both for the swivel movement in the sense of arrow A and can also be omitted for the lifting movement in the sense of arrow H.

This makes the inevitable lifting movement of the safety bar 30, 31 to use, which always occurs when the tentacles 34 put on and the traverse is then lowered further (raising the safety bar 30, 31) and when the crossbeam is raised again later, whereby the safety bar 30, 31 move down due to their weight. This lifting movement can at the same time be converted into a pivoting movement in the sense of arrow A, if a corresponding Cam is present.

Finally, in some applications, the inventive Traverse can be dispensed with a lifting movement.

This is always the case when the load is not directly on one another object, such as a cargo hold wall, must be dammed so that the side bars 33 located next to the load do not interfere with the loading process.

The embodiment according to FIG. 5 differs essentially only because of the embodiment according to the preceding figures that for each Safety bracket 30, 31 a separate pivot axis 28 is provided. At this However, training is a protrusion over the face of the slab in the case of the smallest Slab dimension normally unavoidable. For the sake of a simpler one 5 shows only the principle, e.g. B.

a yoke is not shown.

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Claims (15)

Designation: Magnetic crossbeam for semi-finished steel products and with safety brackets Claims 1. Magnetic traverse for semi-finished steel products, in particular slabs, with an elongated Yoke on which at least one lifting magnet and at least two rigid safety bars are arranged, - each of an upper, substantially horizontally extending Arm, a vertical web connected to this and a lower one, from the web have tentacle arm projecting inwards essentially horizontally and transversely to the yoke and - which are held on the yoke such that they can be lifted and are between a securing position, in which the tentacles reach under a slab and can be moved to a release position in which they free the space below the slab, characterized in that that the upper arm (32) of each safety bracket (30, 31) at its two ends, respectively merges into a web (33) and a short tentacle arm on each of the two webs (33) below (34) is attached, and that each arm (32) in the region of its center about a pivot axis (28) is pivotable vertically and on the longitudinal center line (L) of the yoke (20) is arranged. 2. Magnetic traverse according to A1, characterized by two lifting magnets (21, 22), which are offset in the direction of the longitudinal center line (L) of the yoke (20). 3. Magnetic crossbeam according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that each safety bar (30, 31) is assigned a pivot axis (28) (Fig. 5). 4. Magnetic traverse according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that two safety bars (30, 31) can be pivoted about a common pivot axis (28) are arranged, which are preferably in the middle between two lifting magnets (21, 22) is attached to the yoke (20) and that the upper arms (32) of the two safety brackets (30; 31) cross each other in an X-shape in the locking position (FIGS. 1 to 4). 5. Magnetic traverse according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that that the safety bar (30, 31) is in the complete release position above of the yoke (20) are located, so that the length and width of the magnetic traverse in full The release position is not determined by the safety bar (30, 31). 6. Magnetic traverse according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that that each arm (32) consists of two half arms, which have a central, on the pivot axis (28) attached annular disc (29) are connected to one another. 7. Magnetic traverse according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that that between the two arms (32) of the two safety brackets (30, 31) a double-acting Cylinder / piston unit (35) is articulated. 8. Magnetic traverse according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that that the pivot axis (28) is designed as a hollow axis and that in it a cylinder / piston unit housed for the lifting movement of at least one safety bracket (30 or 31) is. 9. Magnetic traverse according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that that between the arm (j2) and the pivot axis (28) a lifting movement of the safety bar (30 or 31) arranged in an inward or outward pivoting movement converting cam is. 10. Magnetic traverse according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that that in the secured position the areas (37) located in the vicinity of the web (32) each arm (32) rest on top of the yoke (20). 11. magnetic traverse according to claim 10, characterized in that on the underside of the areas (37) sliding blocks (39) are arranged with sliding surfaces (40) cooperate on the top of the yoke (20). 12. Magnetic traverse according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that that on the front sides of the yoke (20) each a safety bracket (30 or 31) against mechanical damage-protecting deflector plate (38) is arranged. 13. Magnetic traverse according to one of claims 5 to 12, characterized in that that the half arms of each arm (32) offset from a radial in the annular disc (29) open so that in the fully released position the arms (32) of the two Safety bar (30, 31) run at least partially in parallel. 14. Magnetic traverse according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that that each half arm of an arm (32) has a parallel offset. 15. Magnetic traverse according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that that the central area of the yoke (20) carrying the pivot axis (28) is opposite the edge areas where the lifting magnets (21, 22) and ropes (27) are attached are offset parallel downwards.