DE3100300A1 - METHOD FOR REMOVING A FLOATING POLLUTION FROM A LIQUID SURFACE - Google Patents

Description

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description

The invention relates to the topological separation of floating Contamination from a liquid surface.

Most oil / water separators with the inclusion of parallel plate separators are built on the basis of static settling. The driving force is just the difference the specific gravity between the oil and the water. In the case of removing oil from tar sands, this is specific Weight of hydrocarbons at room temperature higher than that of water / water. Iiur near the boiling point of V / ater this situation is reversed. Because of the relatively small difference in specific gravity in the tar sand oil / Water system the available driving force is only limited, occur when using known separators in such Systems have many problems. It is an object of the invention to overcome these and other problems.

The invention relates to a method for removing floating debris, such as oil, from the top a liquid, e.g. water, which is operated in such a way that the pollution and liquid are directed over the top or top of a weir, dam or barrier, the pollution and fluid between one side of the weir, dam or barrier and one tight adjacent baffle, which is located in a downstream pool at the bottom of the weir, dam or barrier extends, drops, that you collect the pollution and the liquid in the pool, that you collect the pollution separate from the liquid and in a quieter area adjacent to the downstream side of the baffle, can coalesce or grow together, and that you separately remove the liquid from the pool.

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Preferably, a baffle retaining the pollution sludge is arranged, which is located in the top of the Pools extends at least close to the place where the water is taken from the pool, creating a sludge of pollution between the baffle retaining the sludge and the baffle that is closely attached to the weir, dam or the barrier is adjacent, is thickened.

To obtain a cleaner stream of liquid, the above steps can be substantially repeated at least once by placing the extracted liquid, which contains a lesser amount of pollution, over the top from at least one subsequent weir, dam or barrier.

In FIG. 1, a topological separator according to the present invention is described schematically.

The device according to the invention takes advantage of the flow patterns that are effectively a liquid and a floating on it. pollution separate, although the difference in specific gravity between the individual materials is small. Since the separation is based on the formation of a new surface above a V / or and a gathering in a quiet If the area behind a weir builds up, the separator is described as a topological separator. The the following oil and water as a liquid, although it is obvious that other liquids and floating ones are also mentioned Contaminants can be separated according to the invention. '

In the arrangement shown in FIG. 1, there is a sequence provided by V / honor 1, 2 and 3. However, it can be a single weir, a single dam or a single barrier

r:; it can be used with a baffle plate or baffle as described below. The following is the invention described on the basis of a weir, and it is obvious that instead of the weir there is also a dam or a barrier can be used with various known configurations. It can also be seen that other soiling and liquids other than the materials described, oil and water, may be present. A preferred cross-section ' the weir is essentially triangular (although other shapes can be used) with the apex or the weir. the apex of each successive weir is lower than the apex or the apex of the previous weir. Baffles or baffles 4, 5 and 6 are provided on the downstream side of each V / ore closely adjacent to the weir. They extend into pools 7, 8, etc. In each case, flow the oil and water over the top of the weir and between the baffle and the weir into the pool of oil and water in it. Sand 9 and 10 is provided at the bottom of the pools 7 and 8 to have a natural contour and a natural one, respectively Outline the floor and increase the flow patterns within the pool. With the right design a "hill" of V / ater is formed near the next weir, which limits the extent of the oil slurry 11 and 12. In order to allow a stronger build-up of oil, film retainers, Oil sludge retainer or baffles 13 and 14 arranged, which are in the top of the Pools 7 and 8 extend to retain slurries 11 and 12. Downstream of these barriers is the flow of water a new surface that runs down over the next weir, UPS /. Accordingly, the invention builds on the fact that - when water flows over a weir - oil, surface-active materials, foam and the like collect and behind be caught in the weir. The particularly significant

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improvement according to the present invention sees the addition the weir baffle so that the collected oil in the pools 7, 8 etc. is not trapped in the oil etc. coming down on the weir will. Removal of oil from this collection zone can be done in a number of known ways, for example through well point suction.

As mentioned above, the invention can be used to remove oil from tar sands. It can also be used to remove oil from waste water from refineries. Such separators are smaller than tar sand separators and existing ones Separators where the settling is based only on gravity.

Furthermore, the invention can be used for cleaning up oil spills or oil pouring can be used. When a multi-unit defense system is arranged between two pontoons of a ship or a boom, then causes the relative movement between the ship or the boom and the water flow the river over the V / or, making the surface practical is sucked off.

The invention is also useful for cleaning the surfaces of streams in which oil seeps or spills take place. The invention can be used in conjunction with an existing weir or dam.

Sources often foam when the moving water is surface-active Materials concentrated on newly formed surfaces. Whenever there is water on the way over an abundance is removed and returned on the way through a filter, the water is continuously cleaned .. A topological separator can be used for cleaning.

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The topological separator can also be used to purify drinking water uses v / earth. Since rivers and lakes contain a significant amount of surfactants, waste, etc., If necessary, the topological separator, together with ventilation, can remove most of the surface-active materials etc. remove.

Wastewater treatment plants skim off greasy materials from a liquid surface. A topological separator can be used for this process. Another example of this use is a slaughterhouse where the separator is can be used to recover greasy material.

The invention is illustrated in the example. example

An experimental weir system was constructed in the form of a glass tank with a length of 1.8 m, a depth of 0.3 m and a width of 15.2 cm. Two weirs formed a weir system, with the area between the weirs defining a complete separation cell. The height difference between the weirs was about 12.7 cm. The flow was maintained in the system by an external pump which withdrew from the lowest section of the weir system and discharged through a jet pipe, provided for ventilation, into the highest section. The flow system was closed so that the liquid temperature and acidity / alkalinity could be easily controlled.

No attempt was made to continuously feed solids into the system. Samples were in the system before

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The first V / ore was entered and the liquid flow was established. A termination was made by continuing the beam effect of the returning stream and moving through with a paddle.

The best disintegration and separation were obtained when the location and direction of the return flow jet were so arranged that a clockwise eddy current was generated in the section of the weir system in front of the first weir, the flow to the weir peeling off from the top of this eddy. There was no recirculation kit rupture Surface in the section of the weir system in front of the first weir and all the bitumen floating on the surface was carried over the V / Ehr.

The bitumen was found to float away from the sand and, when it came to the surface of the hot water, to separate immediately spread to a thin film on the surface. The bitumen droplets produced oil stains with maximum oil / water and oil / air interfaces. Because of the relatively small difference in specific gravity, not all bitumen droplets came in the section of the weir system in front of the first V / or to the surface and the river over the first weir contained suspended Bitumen, as well as clay particles and fine sand.

The weirs were both 45 ° bevel, which allowed the formation of systematic, showed counterclockwise vertical eddy currents in both downstream areas. The surface that hit the level surface between the veins contained water and oil stains and entrained air at the point of entry. It was found that the oil stains were not easily rewetted, but rather retained their air attachment and to the surface as

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Bubbles and reforming spots persisted downstream of the weir. A ventilation and upward eddy current pattern caused more oil to separate from the surface.

Surface baffles were placed between the two weirs. A deflector near the one upstream Wehrs had the effect of preventing the surface oil was recaptured in the vortex induced by the V / or. Another baffle was placed to to prevent the surface oil from flowing over the second baffle. The latter baffle reinforced the Separation effects of the slight "hill" of water that was formed in this place.

In use, the weir system created three "streams". The material, that flowed into the collection zone between the two baffles was called foam. It became quantitative removed by skimming with glass plates. The material that was carried in the circulating stream was called the middle product designated. This material was sampled from the flowing stream. The material that is at the bottom of the Defense chambers left behind was referred to as a tail product. This material was quantified by suction from the soil removed.

In the following experiments, the system was operated with 40 l of water and solid samples with 500 g. The water was first circulated and heated to 90 ⁰ C. The solid sample was then introduced and dispersed over the course of 1 hour. At the end of this period the foam was collected and a 1-1 sample of the top product was taken. The tail product from the first well was also collected. After that became the circulating stream that produced the mean products

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contained, split and the system was run with clean tap water filled. The remaining tail products are collected and given to the original recovery.

The recovered foam was dissolved in toluene and distilled to remove water. Then he was weighed incinerated and reweighed to determine the total bitumen content and total inorganic matter content.

The tail products were dried, weighed and then extracted with trichlorethylene. The bitumen was made from the extract won and weighed.

The medium sample was filtered and dried. The carbon content of the recovered homogenized clay was determined by the Leco method. The bitumen had a carbon content of 85%. This factor was used to convert the carbon content determined using the 'Leco method into the corresponding bitumen values.

The following test was carried out on a clean tar sand sample and it shows good bitumen recovery in the foam. The separation resulted in a high yield because the minerals in this sample are mainly sand and only 1.86 ^ 0 were medium products.

Factions

Ore foam hittelpro- tail-

products products

Fraction, % dry

Ore 100 12.05 1.86 86.08

Bitumen, % of fraction 11.76 90.26 25.02 0.48 Bitumen, % of dry

Ore 11.76 10.88 0.47 0.41

Bitumen, % of total bitumen 100 92.53 3.97 3.51

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In the following experiment, clay lenses with a low bitumen content were found kneaded into the sample rich in tar sand described above. This sample representative of a clay material excavated from sand interfaces and subjected to mechanical handling resulted in one lower foam recovery and higher production of medium product. When conveying, the scratching effect of the mixes Paddle wheel the clay and sand in any way.

Factions

Ore foam middle-tail products

Fraction, % dry ore 100 bitumen, % of fraction 7.85 bitumen, % of dry ore 7.85 bitumen, % of total bitumen 100

The clay of the following experiment was that which was used to make the mixture of the above experiment.

Factions

Ore foam middle-tail products

Fraction, % dry ore 100 0.69

Bitumen, % of fraction 3.94 83.45

Bitumen, % dry ore 3.94 0.58

Bitumen, % of total bitumen 100 14.68

The following experiment with a mixture of tar sand and clay lenses explored the effect of an alkali (NaOII) addition to the ore, which is carried out in the conditioning stage, in order to reduce the yield of foam and therefore of recoverable bitumen.

4.57 23.89 71.54 85.89 15.53 0.29 3.93 3.71 0.21 50.04 47.28 2.68

42.50 56.81 7.43 0.37 3.16 0.21 80.05 5.27

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Factions

Ore foam middle-tail products

0.30 36.64 63.06 92.35 19.49 0.23 0.28 7.14 0.15 3.67 94.40 1.93

Fraction, % dry ore 100
Bitumen, % of fraction 7.57
Bitumen, % of dry ore 7.57
Bitumen, % of total bitumen 100

The above experiments show that the moderate washing undertaken in accordance with the invention was able to remove bitumen from both tar sands as well as tar, which contained oil / clay lentils, in respectable ones Extract yields.

Claims (19)

PATENTANWÄLTE DR WALTER KRAUS DIPLOMAL CHEMIST - DR-ING. ANNEKÄTE WEISERT DIPL-ING. SPECIALIZATION CHEMISTRY IRMGARDS! BREED 15 D-8OOO MUNICH 71 TELEPHONE 089 / 797077-797078 ■ TELEX 05-212156 kpatd TELEGRAM KRAUSPATENT 2777 VJK / rm 1. GHELL CAIIADA LIMITED, Toronto, Canada and 2. SHELL EXPLORER LIMITED, Houston / USA Process for removing floating contamination from a liquid surface Claims 1. Procedure for removing floating pollution from a liquid surface, characterized in that the pollution and the liquid passes over the top of a barrier and the pollution and the liquid between one side the barrier and a baffle which closely adjoins the barrier and is in a pool of liquid extends at the bottom of the barrier, lets fall, the Debris collects in the pool, the pollution from
the liquid can be separated in a quiet area adjoining the baffle and then the
Removed liquid from the pool. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pollution is oil and the liquid There is water and that oil and water are by removal of oil from tar sand with water. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pollution is oil and the liquid Is water, and that the oil and water drain from the refinery are. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pollution is oil and the liquid Water is that oil and water are the result of oil being spilled on a surface of water and that the barrier is provided on an oil siphon is. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pollution is present on the surface of water in a flowing stream and that
the barrier stretches across the stream. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the pollution is a surface-active Material is. 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that g e k e η η, that the removed water is used as drinking water. 31 α ο:> η η 8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the water is aerated. 9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the barrier is in a source. 10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that "the pollution is a fatty material is. 11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the liquid is waste water. 12. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the fatty liaterial is an animal Is fat. 13 · The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the steps are carried out at least once in the essentially repeated by putting the withdrawn water, which contains a lesser amount of oil, over the top of a the next barrier. 14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the cross section of each of the two adjacent Barriers is essentially triangular in that the apex or the summit of the second barrier is lower as the apex of the first barrier and that the two barriers are connected at the baselines. 15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that particulate liaterial between 3 00 adjoining barriers clogs, -um the contour or the outline naturally streamline the bottom of the pool. 16. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a second baffle is used, which extends into the top of the pool at least near the location where the liquid is removed from the pool, creating a pollution sludge between the baffle, which is adjacent to the barrier, and the second baffle is collected, and that one is the height of a mound of the liquid increased in the pool between the baffles. 17. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the barrier is a dam. 18. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the barrier is a weir. 19. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pollution of tar sand and oil that the liquid is hot water.