DE3011188C2 - Method and device for drying grass - Google Patents

Description

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the relative humidity of the Hose flowing through air by heating, e.g. B. as a result of solar radiation, is reduced.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hose cross section is only partially being filled with grass.

4. Device for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1-3, characterized by

- An arrangement (21) for delivering a predetermined length of a translucent Plastic hose (1),

- A device (23; 24; 26) for pulling off the hose (1) and filling grass into the removed part of the hose,

- An arrangement (10) for supplying drying air into and through the filled Smart ^ (1), and

- an arrangement (21, 26, 23) for removing the hay from the smoke (\ _r

35

5. Apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that that the arrangement for delivering a predetermined length of the hose (1) is a tube (21), on the outside of which the length of the hose can be folded out like a bellows, and through the inside of which the Grass is poured into the part of the hose (1) pulled off the pipe.

6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that that the tube (21) is free at the end opposite the withdrawal side of the hose (1) and a device (26) for pulling the hose (1) through the interior of the tube for Deduction side is provided.

7. Device according to one of claims 4-6, characterized in that the arrangement for Delivering a predetermined length of the hose (1) is a fan, which is connected to the free tnc. a hose that is at least partially closed at its other end can be connected.

8. Device according to one of claims 4-7, characterized in that the device for Filling the hose (1) is a blower conveyor (24).

9. Device according to one of claims 4-7. characterized in that the device for Filling the hose (1) with hay is a known push conveyor.

la device according to claim 4, characterized in that the arrangement for supplying drying air in and through the hose (1) is an arrangement for keeping the hose mouth open in the direction of the wind,

11. The device according to claim 10, characterized characterized in that the end of the hose is expanded like a funnel

IZ device according to claim 4, characterized in that that the arrangement for supplying drying air into and through the hose (1) Centrifugal fan (10) is.

13. The device according to claim 12, characterized in that between the fan (10) for blowing drying air and the hose (1) a device for reducing the re lativen humidity of the air is arranged

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the drying device for the air is a cooling unit with a downstream heating unit, characterized in that the heating unit is the evaporator (14) of the cooling unit (11) is

15. The device according to claim 13, characterized in that the cold exchanger (12) from There is finned tubes, on which scratches movable along the fins to keep the heat exchanger surfaces free are provided.

16. Device according to one of claims 4-15, characterized in that the device for Removing the dried hay from the hose is a pipe (21) which is fixed on one side and at its free end an arrangement (26,23) for pulling the filled tube (1) through the Tube (21) and for turning inside out the hose (1) to you; Has the outside of the tube (21)

17. Apparatus according to claim 5, 6 or 16, characterized in that the tube (21) on its inside and outside with a surface layer that reduces friction against the hose is provided

18. The apparatus of claim 5, 6, 16 or 17, characterized in that the device for Removing or pulling the hose through at least parts of the hose circumference Suction drum (23), the gripping surface of which is formed with such a friction against the hose that the tensile force which can be transmitted to the hose (il) is below the tensile strength of the hose (1)

19. Device according to one of claims 5,6,17 or 18. characterized in that on the hose (1) coming into contact with surfaces of the Tube (21) conveyor belts (26) are arranged.

20. Device according to one of the preceding claims for the use of several translucent Plastic drying hoses side by side at the same time, identified by a distribution hose (2) with a feed opening (4) for connecting a fan (10) and with outlet openings that are disordered at a corresponding distance (6) zürn Einsteckc.i each in a dry tube (1), the cross-section of all outlet openings (6) together being equal to or less than that Cross section of the connecting hose (3).

Dili invention relates to a method for drying of grass od-dgL agricultural products by means of a drying air stream, as well as devices for carrying out this process.

When drying grass, straw ocL dgL in the open The hay is spread out in the field and by the action of the sun and the air current sweeping over it

dried. The time required for drying is significantly increased by the fact that the hay is exposed to soil moisture, dew or rainfall water is supplied again. A common method in agriculture to control this To eliminate or reduce it is to put the hay on wires or stands at a distance from the ground in this way hang up so that the action of the rain on the outer layers is limited These methods are only partially effective and require a considerable amount of work, since hanging the Heus on fences or stands is not feasible by machine.

There are also drying devices for grass known. However, these are usually stationary and the freshly cut grass with a high bulk density must be transported, and only in the limited amount that can be processed by the drying device, otherwise there is a risk that the piled grass will become sticky. In order to shorten the drying time, these drying devices work with a strong supply of heat, so that a considerable amount of energy is required for drying, which usually makes the drying process uneconomical.

It is the object of the invention to provide a method for drying grass or the like. As well as to provide an apparatus for performing this method, in which the hay in the meadow can be dried, thereby eliminating the effects of soil moisture and rain. In addition, according to the invention, the work and energy requirements should be kept so low that the Process is economical, d. H. that the costs incurred for drying are lower than the depreciation of hay that can occur with natural drying.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the method characterized in claim 1 or by solved the device characterized in claim 4.

By introducing the grass according to the invention into a plastic tube, there is a supply of moisture excluded from the outside during drying, while maintaining the natural drying conditions or be strengthened. This increases the drying time compared to natural drying shortened. The cost of the hoses is relatively low, so that sufficient hose hangings are provided can be used to dry all cut grass in a meadow at the same time, and a Storing the freshly cut hay in front of the drying facility avoids stickiness. The energy requirements for the electricity required for the blower are low. With strong winds Operating costs are completely eliminated, as these can be sufficient to blow the drying air through.

In order to achieve better drying at night, an air drying arrangement can be installed between the fan and the mouth of the hose are switched on, so that the air blown through at night also diminishes one contains relative humidity and the drying process also takes place at night.

Appropriate forms of further training for the method and the device for carrying it out are described in characterized in the further claims

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings of Ausfühningsbeispiel.eri. In the drawings shows

F i g, 1 schematically shows the plan view of one on one Meadow designed device according to the invention,

Fig.2 schematically, partially in section, a Side view of a device for dispensing, extracting and filling the grass into a hose, and

3 shows a cross section through the tube according to FIG. 2.
As shown in Fig. 1, hoses 1, for example

ίο with a length of 50 to 70 m and a diameter of z. B. 70 cm in a distance corresponding to the amount of grass to be dried on the meadow after mowing and raking up the grass with simultaneous filling. Each of these hoses is about ¹ Z ₃ - '/ 2 filled with grass The in Fi g. 1 left ends of the hoses are open, and the right ends in Fig. 1 are connected to a distributor hose 2, which consists of a thin-walled plastic connecting hose 3 of corresponding length, at one end of which a connector 4 is connected to a device 5 for blowing through drying air At a longitudinal distance corresponding to the distance between the "Yuckriungsschläuche 1", exhaust hoses 6 are arranged, each of which is inserted into one of the drying hoses 1 is the free passage cross-section of the connection hose 3. This measure ensures that the amount of air released into each of the drying hoses 1 is approximately the same

The device for supplying drying air is as shown schematically in FIG. 1 shown, from a Fan 10 and a compressor cooling unit 11. The heat exchanger 12 des Cooling unit 11 is with the exhaust side of the fan 10 connected. There are not shown requirements

AO z. B. along the cooling fins movable scrapers are provided to keep the heat exchanger surfaces free of ice and impurities. After cooling, the air flows through a space 13 in which baffle plates are arranged in order to separate out condensed water contained in the form of 1 droplets. The air then flows through a heat exchanger 14, through which the heated cooling medium of the cooling unit 11 flows. When passing through this heat exchanger, the air is warmed up and receives a reduced relative humidity.

After flowing through this heat exchanger 14 the air is discharged into the diffusion hose 2.

In Fig. 2, a VorricKu ig mounted on a farm wagon 20 for filling and dispensing the drying hoses 1 is shown. This device consists of a tube 21, which is fastened at its link-on end in FIG. A drying hose 1 is pushed onto the tube like a bellows from the free right end by hand or by means of the conveying suction drums 23 explained below. Since the wall thickness of the drying hoses can be very thin, a length of the pipe 21 of approximately is sufficient, as has been established

2 m for pushing on 70 m of plastic hose or more. Before the open end of the tube 21 is a grass conveyor, e.g. B. a fan conveyor 24 ahgeord ^ net, the mouth of which 25 leaving a

j i

Annular gap protrudes somewhat into the pipe 21 against the pipe wall. Instead of a fan conveyor can also a thrust conveyor or a manually operated arrangement can be used, however, the fan has the advantage that as a result, the filled tube dispensed by the device is somewhat inflated and can be laid out easier and smoother.

Conveyor belts 26 run inside the tube and run over turning rollers 27 at both ends of the tube revolve and can be driven in any way. These straps 26 are on the outside of the inner tube 28 of the tube arrangement covered by an outer tube 29, which is provided with longitudinal beads is supported against the inner tube in such a way that there are longitudinal gaps leaves free, through which the back strands of the belts can run. To fill the hose, will one end of the hose pulled through by hand into the area under the conveyor suction drums 23 and inserted into the inside of the pipe. When the straps 26 inside the tube from right to left in Fig.2 run, the end of the drying hose is conveyed to the left after a certain length of the drying hose 1 has run through, the fan conveyor 24 is switched on and grass into the Filled with hose The farm wagon 20 is moved accordingly so that the hose 1 becomes smooth The conveyor 24 can pick up grass that is right together in rows in a known manner. The hose 1 can also be fixed with its end on the ground and when driving the farm wagon are withdrawn so that the suction drums 23 and belts 26 are not required when laying out. When all drying hoses 1 are filled and laid out and via the distributor hose 2 with the Fan 10 are connected, is dried, namely in sunlight without switching on the cooling unit. At night or overcast weather, the cooling unit 5 is switched on.

After the drying process, the hoses can be emptied with an arrangement according to FIG reverse operation take place, with the fan conveyor 24 for discharging the hay onto a loading wagon can be used.

From Fig. 3 shows the arrangement of the conveyor belts 26. At the ends of the inner tube 28 are Turning rollers 27 for the conveyor belts 26 are supported and driven accordingly. The straps 26 are spaced apart distributed around the perimeter. The surface of the belts is designed so that they counteract a corresponding friction have the material of the drying hoses 1. The ί surface of the inner tube 28 and the outer surface of the Outer tube 29 is provided with a coating that minimizes friction against the material of the Has drying hoses 1.

The outer tube 29 is provided with longitudinal beads 30,

ίο whose depth is designed so that under the Intermediate fields 31 between the beads 30 an outwardly covered passage for the return stretches the belt is made. The over the conveyor suction drums 23 to the right in F i g. 2 protruding ends of the

is belts are not covered by the outer tube 29, see above that the part of the hose 1 conveyed away by the conveyor suction drums 23 from the belts around the free edge the mouth of the inner tube on the right in FIG 26 is shown around. The mouth edge of the tube 26 between the turning rollers 27 is, as in FIG F i g. 3 shown by dashed lines, preferably provided with a bead, which with the circumference of rollers 27 in alignment, and with a low-friction cover against the material of the drying tubes 1 is coated.

The conveyor suction drums 23 are of a known type. You're in around the girth arranged distributed essentially over the top, in particular when retrieving and emptying the hose to prevent the hose through the return strands of the belts 26 in between the Inner tube 28 and the areas 31 formed longitudinal gaps is drawn.

The suction drums can together, for. B. by a flexible hollow shaft guided around the tube be connected, through which the vacuum is built up in the drums at the same time. Instead of A reciprocating suction pad, such as e.g. B. known from printing machines or other suitable devices can be used.

The inventive method and the device described above can also, for. B. for freeze drying can be used by medicinal herbs or aromatic plants.

For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings

Claims (1)

Patent claims: 1. Method for drying grass od. Like. By means of a drying air stream, thereby marked that - the grass is filled into a translucent plastic tube, - through the hose a stream of air with a reduced relative humidity m is initiated.