DE3006308A1 - METHOD FOR COATING OBJECTS WITH A COMMERCIAL USE OF HARD MATERIAL SURFACE AND PRODUCT PRODUCED THEREFORE - Google Patents
METHOD FOR COATING OBJECTS WITH A COMMERCIAL USE OF HARD MATERIAL SURFACE AND PRODUCT PRODUCED THEREFOREInfo
- Publication number
- DE3006308A1 DE3006308A1 DE19803006308 DE3006308A DE3006308A1 DE 3006308 A1 DE3006308 A1 DE 3006308A1 DE 19803006308 DE19803006308 DE 19803006308 DE 3006308 A DE3006308 A DE 3006308A DE 3006308 A1 DE3006308 A1 DE 3006308A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- hard
- layer
- nitride
- combinations
- nickel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- ZVWKZXLXHLZXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium nitride Chemical compound [Zr]#N ZVWKZXLXHLZXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C16/0209—Pretreatment of the material to be coated by heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D3/00—Diffusion processes for extraction of non-metals; Furnaces therefor
- C21D3/02—Extraction of non-metals
- C21D3/06—Extraction of hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C14/021—Cleaning or etching treatments
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
- C25D5/50—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces by heat-treatment
Description
=N ΓΑΛί WALTE = N ΓΑΛί WALTE
OPL-ING.OPL-ING.
OR-ING.OR-ING.
K. SCHUMANNK. SCHUMANN
P. H. JAKOBP. H. JAKOB
G.BEZOLOG.BEZOLO
8 MÜNCHEN8 MUNICH
20. Feb. 1980Feb. 20, 1980
801801
Vintage Kederland B.V. De Lairessestr. 131-135 NL-JlmsterdamVintage Kederland B.V. De Lairessestr. 131-135 NL-Jlmsterdam
Verfahren zum Beschichten von Gegenstanden mit einer kommerziell verwertbaren Hartstoffoberfläche sowie danach hergestelltes ErzeugnisProcess for coating objects with a commercially usable hard material surface as well as product manufactured afterwards
030040/0617030040/0617
Verfahren zum Beschichten von Gegenständen mit einer kommerziell verwertbaren Hartstoffoberfläche sowie danach hergestelltes ErzeugnisProcess for coating objects with a commercially usable hard material surface and afterwards manufactured product
Es ist bekannt, nitrid-, karbid-und boridhaltige oder ähnliche harte Stoffe, auf Gegenständen aufzubringen. Die wichtigsten dazu verwendeten Verfahrenstechniken sind das CVD-Verfahren (chemical vapor deposition) und das PVD-Verfahren (physical vapor deposition).It is known to contain nitride, carbide and boride or similar hard substances to be applied to objects. The most important process technologies used for this are CVD process (chemical vapor deposition) and the PVD process (physical vapor deposition).
Mit diesen Verfahren kann eine genügende und dauernde Haftung der Oberflächenschicht auf der Unterlage nur erzielt werden, wenn mit Temperaturen von über 300 -C, vorteilhafterweise von über 400° C. gearbeitet wird. Nachteilig ist dabei, dass durch das Temperaturgefälle in das Substrat des Gegenstandes lokal hohe Temperaturen an der Oberfläche auftreten, die das Material des Gegenstandes in Mitleidenschaft ziehen. Die Verfahren sind bis heute also nur bei Materialien anwendbar, die Temperaturen von wenigstens 300° C. bis 400° C. aushalten, ohne dass die Gefahr besteht, durch .irreversible Effekte, wie Verziehen, ümkristallisationen und dergleichen, das Endprodukt in Frage zu stellen.With this method, sufficient and permanent adhesion of the surface layer to the substrate can only be achieved if at temperatures above 300 ° C, advantageously work is carried out at temperatures of over 400 ° C. The disadvantage here is that due to the temperature gradient in the substrate of the object, high temperatures occur locally on the surface, which affect the material of the object draw. So far, the processes can only be used with materials that have temperatures of at least Withstand 300 ° C to 400 ° C without the risk of by. irreversible effects such as warping, recrystallization and the like, to question the end product.
Es ist nun ein PVD-Verfahren entwickelt worden, bei dem die lokal auftretenden hohen Oberflächeritemperaturen auf den Substraten beim Aufbringen von nitrid-, karbid- und boridhaltigen Hartstoffen, wie TiN, ZrN, TiC, CrB u.a., oder Kombinationen davoni soweit reduziert werden, dass dadurch dieA PVD process has now been developed in which the locally occurring high surface surface temperatures on the substrates when applying nitride, carbide and boride-containing Hard materials such as TiN, ZrN, TiC, CrB, etc., or combinations from iti are reduced to such an extent that the
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Palette der Substratmaterialien erweitert werden kann. Es ist damit möglich geworden, kommerziell gefertigte Gegenstände, welche in ihren Ausgangsmaterialien z.B. aus Chrom, Nickel, rostfreiem Stahl, Messing, Zink, Aluminium oder Legierungen dieser Materialien bestehen, und insbesondere eine galvanisch und/oder chemisch aufgebrachte Oberflächenschicht aufweisen, mit Hartstoffen, wie TiN, ZrN, TiC, CrB u.a., oder Kombinationen davon, nach kommerziellen Gesichtspunkten zu beschichten.Range of substrate materials can be expanded. It has thus become possible to produce commercially manufactured items, which in their raw materials e.g. made of chrome, nickel, stainless steel, brass, zinc, aluminum or alloys consist of these materials, and in particular a galvanically and / or chemically applied surface layer with hard materials such as TiN, ZrN, TiC, CrB, etc., or combinations thereof, according to commercial criteria to coat.
Es zeigte sich jedoch, dass die Dauerhaftfestigkeit dieser Hartschichten ungenügend ist, da sich die harten, dünnen Schichten nach kürzerer oder längerer Zeit nach dem Aufbringen wieder ablösen.It turned out, however, that the durability of these hard layers is insufficient because the hard, Remove thin layers after a shorter or longer period of time after application.
Ziel der Erfindung ist eine haltbare Beschichtung von Gegenständen mit Hartstoffen, wobei diese Gegenstände keinen höheren Temperaturen als 400° C. ausgesetzt werden.The aim of the invention is a durable coating of objects with hard materials, these objects not exposed to temperatures higher than 400 ° C.
Dies wird mit einem Verfahren zum Beschichten von Gegenständen mit metallener Oberfläche, beispielsweise aus Chrom, Nickel, Molybdän, Wolfram, Kobalt, rostfreiem Stahl, Messing, Zink, Aluminium oder deren Legierungen und Kombinationen, mit einer kommerziell verwertbaren Hartschicht, wie nitrid-, karbid- und/oder boridhaltigen Hartstoffen mittels bekannter Verfahren, erreicht, das erfindungsgemäss dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass vor der eigentlichen Beschichtung der Wasserstoff aus der Oberfläche des Gegenstandes entzogen wird.This is done with a process for coating objects with a metallic surface, for example made of chrome, Nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, stainless steel, brass, zinc, aluminum or their alloys and combinations, with a commercially usable hard layer, such as nitride-, carbide- and / or boride-containing hard materials by means of known A method, which is characterized according to the invention in that prior to the actual coating of the Hydrogen is withdrawn from the surface of the object.
Das Entziehen des Wasserstoffes aus der galvanisch und/ oder chemisch primär hergestellten Oberflächenschicht von Gegenständen, die keinen lokal auftretenden Oberflächentemperaturen von maximal 400 C. ausgesetzt werden dürfen, erfolgt erfindungsgemäss dadurch, dass der Gegenstand bzw. dessen Oberfläche vor der Beschichtungsbehandlung über eine Zeitdauer von 2 bis 24 Stunden auf 100° C. bis 400° C. er- · hitzt wird. Vorzugsweise erfolgt die Primärbeschichtung nachThe removal of hydrogen from the galvanically and / or chemically primarily produced surface layer of Objects that must not be exposed to any locally occurring surface temperatures of a maximum of 400 C. according to the invention in that the object or its surface before the coating treatment via a Duration of 2 to 24 hours to 100 ° C. to 400 ° C. is heated. The primary coating is preferably carried out after
030040/0617030040/0617
dem CVD- oder dem PVD-Verfahren.the CVD or the PVD process.
Die mit der erfindungsgemässen Behandlung erhaltenen Oberflächen zeichnen sich nicht nur durch ihre Härte, sondern auch durch ihr schönes und gefälliges Aussehen aus. Sie sind deshalb kommerziell vielfältig verwertbar und praktisch unverwüstlich. Die Beschichtung eignet sich für Schmuckgegenstände, Uhrenschalen, Uhrenbänder, Uhrenkronen, chirurgische und optische Instrumente, Gebrauchsgegenstände, wie Feuerzeuge, Kugelschreiber, etc. und Werkzeuge.Those obtained with the treatment according to the invention Surfaces are not only characterized by their hardness, but also by their beautiful and pleasing appearance. They can therefore be used commercially in a variety of ways and are practically indestructible. The coating is suitable for Jewelery, watch shells, watch straps, watch crowns, surgical and optical instruments, everyday objects, such as lighters, pens, etc. and tools.
Das Erzeugnis weist eine Oberflächenschicht ays einer kommerziell verwertbaren, d.h. sich nicht trennenden, harten Kombination auf, mit einem Oberflächenbelag aus Titannitrid, Zirkoniumnitrid, Chromborid oder einem ähnlichen Hartstoff, oder Kombination davon, auf einer galvanisch und/oder chemisch erzeugten Metallunterlage, vorzugsweise aus Chrom, Nickel, Molybdän, Wolfram, Kobalt oder einer ihrer Kombinationen. The product has a surface layer of a commercially usable, i.e. non-separating, hard one Combination on, with a surface covering made of titanium nitride, zirconium nitride, chromium boride or a similar hard material, or a combination thereof, on a galvanically and / or chemically generated metal base, preferably made of chrome, Nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, or one of their combinations.
Untersuchungen haben ergeben, dass galvanisch und/oder chemisch erzeugte Niederschläge, speziell solche für Chrom, Nickel, Molybdän und Wolfram oder Kombinationen davon, Wasserstoff einlagern. Der Wasserstoff hat die Eigenart, allmählich wieder auszutreten. Harte, dünne Schichten, wie TiN, ZrN u.a. sind sehr kompakt und darum selbst für Wasserstoff praktisch undurchlässig. Durch das Austreten des Wasserstoffes wird diese Hartstoffschicht deshalb von innen abgehoben und so der Gebrauch des Gegenstandes in Frage gestellt. Dies ist nicht der Fall bei Gegenständen, deren Hartschicht in hohen Temperaturen, d.h. über 400° C, aufgebracht wird, da bei hohen Temperaturen der grösste Teil des Wasserstoffes ausfällt. Erfolgt das Aufbringen der Hartschicht bei geringerer Temperatur, so muss das Austreten des Wasserstoffes künstlich gefördert werden, was durch eine vorherige Wärmebehandlung über längere Zeit erfolgt. Die dann aufgebrachte Hartschicht löst sich nicht mehr ab.Investigations have shown that galvanically and / or chemically generated deposits, especially those for chromium, Nickel, molybdenum and tungsten, or combinations thereof, store hydrogen. The hydrogen has the peculiarity of gradually to exit again. Hard, thin layers such as TiN, ZrN etc. are very compact and therefore even for hydrogen practically impermeable. When the hydrogen escapes, this hard material layer is therefore lifted from the inside and so the use of the object is called into question. This is not the case with objects that have a hard layer in high Temperatures, i.e. above 400 ° C, is applied, since at high temperatures most of the hydrogen precipitates. If the hard layer is applied at a lower temperature, the hydrogen must escape artificially be promoted, which takes place through a previous heat treatment over a long period of time. The then applied hard layer does not come off any more.
0300A0/06170300A0 / 0617
Als Hartstoff eignet sich besonders Titannitrid (TiN) oder Zirkoniumnitrid (ZrN), das auf eine galvanisch und/oder chemisch aufgebrachte Chrom- oder Nickelschicht aufgebracht ist. Diese Oberfläche weist ein goldfarbenes Aussehen auf und ist kratz-, abrasions-und korrosionsresistent.Titanium nitride (TiN) or zirconium nitride (ZrN) are particularly suitable as hard materials, which are galvanically and / or chemically applied chrome or nickel layer is applied. This surface has a gold-colored appearance and is scratch, abrasion and corrosion resistant.
030040/0617030040/0617
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CH268079 | 1979-03-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE3006308A1 true DE3006308A1 (en) | 1980-10-02 |
Family
ID=4239158
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19803006308 Withdrawn DE3006308A1 (en) | 1979-03-22 | 1980-02-20 | METHOD FOR COATING OBJECTS WITH A COMMERCIAL USE OF HARD MATERIAL SURFACE AND PRODUCT PRODUCED THEREFORE |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS55128575A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3006308A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2451949A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2045810A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1130072B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0093706A1 (en) * | 1982-05-05 | 1983-11-09 | Voest-Alpine Stahl Aktiengesellschaft | Tool and method for its production |
| EP0179602A1 (en) * | 1984-10-15 | 1986-04-30 | C4 Carbides (International) Limited | Method for applying material to a substrate |
| DE3623360A1 (en) * | 1986-07-11 | 1988-01-14 | Cameron Iron Works Gmbh | Device with adjacent surfaces, between which high pressures and/or high friction loads occur |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT385058B (en) * | 1946-07-17 | 1988-02-10 | Vni Instrument Inst | METHOD FOR MOUNTING CUTTING TOOLS |
| DE3147967C2 (en) * | 1981-12-01 | 1985-10-24 | Mannesmann AG, 4000 Düsseldorf | Tinning process |
| DE3328905A1 (en) * | 1983-08-10 | 1985-02-28 | Char'kovskij instrumental'nyj zavod, Char'kov | DENTAL PROSTHESIS AND METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION |
| DE3512986A1 (en) * | 1985-04-11 | 1986-10-16 | Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh, 7500 Karlsruhe | VIELLAGE, HIGH-WEAR-RESISTANT HARD MATERIAL PROTECTIVE LAYER FOR METALLIC, STRICTLY STRESSED SURFACES OR SUBSTRATES |
| US4902535A (en) * | 1987-12-31 | 1990-02-20 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Method for depositing hard coatings on titanium or titanium alloys |
| GB2219218A (en) * | 1988-06-03 | 1989-12-06 | Diffusion Alloys Ltd | Coating dart bodies |
| DE19618863C3 (en) * | 1995-05-29 | 2003-06-26 | Dresden Vakuumtech Gmbh | Process for producing an adherent and corrosion-resistant hard material layer on a substrate with a Ni / Cr coating |
| CZ20031587A3 (en) * | 2000-12-07 | 2004-01-14 | Aoyama Seisakusho Co., Ltd. | Method for baking steel parts of a product |
| KR101395679B1 (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2014-05-15 | 롬 앤드 하스 일렉트로닉 머트어리얼즈, 엘.엘.씨. | Polymer composition and photoresist comprising the polymer |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3123493A (en) * | 1964-03-03 | Art of bonding of vacuum metallized coatings | ||
| US1838273A (en) * | 1927-12-24 | 1931-12-29 | Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co | Method of producing chromium plated tools |
| GB323847A (en) * | 1928-11-01 | 1930-01-16 | Julius Von Bosse | An improved method of coating metal articles with metals |
| US2962388A (en) * | 1954-03-12 | 1960-11-29 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Process for the production of titanium carbide coatings |
| DE1056450B (en) * | 1955-05-25 | 1959-04-30 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Process for the production of coatings from hard materials |
| US3281262A (en) * | 1962-04-19 | 1966-10-25 | Continental Can Co | Art of bonding of vacuum metallized coatings to metal substrates |
| DE1924639B2 (en) * | 1969-05-14 | 1976-10-07 | Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING COATINGS FROM TITANIUM CARBIDE |
| CH1466870A4 (en) * | 1970-10-02 | 1977-08-15 | ||
| US3709809A (en) * | 1971-07-15 | 1973-01-09 | Dow Chemical Co | Sputter deposition of refractory carbide on metal working |
| US3959557A (en) * | 1974-11-04 | 1976-05-25 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Wear-resistant, nonabrading tic article and process for making |
-
1979
- 1979-06-18 FR FR7915560A patent/FR2451949A1/en active Granted
-
1980
- 1980-02-20 DE DE19803006308 patent/DE3006308A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1980-03-21 JP JP3483580A patent/JPS55128575A/en active Pending
- 1980-03-21 IT IT8020850A patent/IT1130072B/en active
- 1980-03-21 GB GB8009691A patent/GB2045810A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0093706A1 (en) * | 1982-05-05 | 1983-11-09 | Voest-Alpine Stahl Aktiengesellschaft | Tool and method for its production |
| EP0179602A1 (en) * | 1984-10-15 | 1986-04-30 | C4 Carbides (International) Limited | Method for applying material to a substrate |
| DE3623360A1 (en) * | 1986-07-11 | 1988-01-14 | Cameron Iron Works Gmbh | Device with adjacent surfaces, between which high pressures and/or high friction loads occur |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2451949A1 (en) | 1980-10-17 |
| FR2451949B1 (en) | 1982-07-16 |
| JPS55128575A (en) | 1980-10-04 |
| IT8020850A0 (en) | 1980-03-21 |
| IT1130072B (en) | 1986-06-11 |
| GB2045810A (en) | 1980-11-05 |
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