DE3004068A1 - Skeleton frame structure supporting plant pots - has rectangular holes in cuboid units above greenery filled levels - Google Patents

Abstract

Cubes or cube segments (34) make up diagonals in a three-dimensional rib structure, bearing containers for plants. They are used in a structural system providing greenery in streets, squares or buildings. The container carriers (20) are statically effective units in the form of bars joined cross-wise, or flat or troughed plates, statically linking nodal pieces (146) in a cube's plane. Beside or above this plant-filled plane there is a rectangular assembly aperture (21) in the cube. Max. container (22) length or dia. is less than the gap between two adjacent bars (17,19) beside this aperture.

Description

Building system for the greening of streets, squares,

Buildings etc.

The invention relates to a construction system for greening streets, Squares, buildings, etc., with vessels containing plants and one of these vessels load-bearing, three-dimensional framework construction made of bars and knot pieces, as well as with planter carriers.

There is a worldwide movement that aims for growth human settlements, traffic routes, etc. as well as the impairment caused by them the living environment through the greening of streets, squares, buildings, etc. Balance plants. This movement ties in with the one that has been in use for a long time Flower boxes in front of windows and on balconies and also follows a newer trend, the one on the installation of plant containers on traffic routes, z, B. in pedestrian zones, Parking lots, etc. or on the footbridge inside buildings.

This bottom-side has a continuation and beneficial addition Establishment of PfXanz.envessels found by building three-dimensional framework constructions from rods and knot pieces as supporting structures uses to the plant vessels to be arranged at a predetermined height inside buildings or outdoors. There is the possibility for itself or in Complement of large-scale plantings at the top of buildings (including balconies and terraces) so-called green To create roofs. In this regard, there is a strong need above all else also available in municipalities, which is not only a result of the desire, again purely optically to bring more green to human settlements, but also to demand in this way, climate zones e.g. between buildings or next to or over sidewalks create, e.g. in hot countries, a shield against solar radiation or in temperate climates protected from rain, dth. to reach dry sidewalks. A special need arises. from the desire to change the plantings or Greening according to the given traffic conditions, buildings, building arrangements, briefly to adapt to the environment and architecture and thereby individual living spaces z.u. design. The three-dimensional ones that have become known so far and that carry the plant vessels Framework structures made of dust and knot pieces are indeed individual for such Designs suitable, but in a statically flawless execution only by specialists feasible, In addition, they previously required individual production and could therefore can only be produced at a relatively high cost. Another essential one Deficiency of the supporting framework structures that have become known for these purposes consists in the insertion, maintenance and removal of the plant vessels is extremely difficult, the present invention is therefore based on the object for the realization of artificially designed systems equipped with living plants in an individual shape and with any three-dimensional Expansion to create a load-bearing framework made of bars and nodes, which is so simple that it can be used by any user, e.g. landscape gardeners, hobby gardeners, Homeowners but also by municipal support staff, d, h. stable can be executed. Furthermore, the skeleton structure should be what the use and care of the plants is crucial, an easy and quick installation and Allow removal of the plant vessels, and their individual parts should also can be provided in the form of economical kits, the building system should addressing a group of users that is practically composed of laypeople, which means that the building system is "foolproof", i.e. also really from "everyone" can be used without difficulty on the one hand and without dangers on the other can. It should be noted that if the three-dimensional framework structure supporting the vessels is also only set up at room height, it must be ruled out with certainty that errors during assembly could result in a collapse of the people especially children at risk. Of course, this point of view applies to the reinforced Extent when using the building system outdoors, for example for greening and / or roofing of busy sidewalks, squares, etc., based on a building system of the type mentioned at the outset becomes the above task in accordance with the connection solved in that a) the frame structure, face-centered starting from the front cubic grid or based on the cubic grid with surface diagonals Cubes or Cubussegrnenten together is set, b) the planter carrier in the form of cross-shaped rigidly interconnected rods, flat or trough-shaped Plates are designed as statically effective parts and each have a group of arranged in a horizontal plane (e.g. of a cube or cube segment) Statically connect node pieces, c) to the side of or above this with a plant container support filled horizontal plane according to b) a rectangular mounting opening in the cube or cube segment and d) the largest edge length or diameter dimension of the plant vessel is smaller than the clear distance between two neighboring ones Rods on the side of the assembly opening of a cube or cube segment The planters load-bearing framework construction is therefore basically in the spatial "cube grid" constructed, i.e.

elementary bodies are made up of rods and nodes in the shape of a cube (cube or hexahedron = six-sided) lined up in any order. "Cube segments", i.e. partial bodies, can also be provided, in particular those that result from halving the cube.

Crucial for easy assembly and achieving one statically stable frame construction is that always (according to the known Föppl's law) each knot is held in place by three rods that split into two different levels lie, which condition is fulfilled by practically every layperson can be. To these general building rules carries the invention Another simple special rule, however, related to the security aspect is very essential. Where you want to set up a planter, will the usual and required diagonal bar in the horizontal gap of the cube or Cubus segments through a statically active plant container carrier in the form of a cross rigidly interconnected rods, or a flat or trough-shaped plate replaced. The inclusion of the planter carrier in the statics of the framework construction is not only beneficial from a safety standpoint, but also from an economic point of view, since the respective diagonal bars are saved will.

Another advantage of the spatial "cube grid" The structure of the framework consists in the fact that without impairing its stability or Stability to the side of and above each plant pot carrier an assembly opening Trained in the cube or cube segment can be worthwhile simply by referring to the relevant Diagonal bar omitted. This assembly opening only allows in an advantageous manner the groove in the lateral insertion and removal of a plant root and facilitates so is the care of the plants. For the use and care of the plants this is a key feature. On the other hand, the plant container supports are static Components with modular dimensions are the same as normal rods and junction pieces the framework construction.

As a result, any mix of the components is possible, in order to also achieve the d75 goal of individual building liability, and always under Ensure the necessary Safety. The selection of the Cubus grid design more common for the supporting framework construction from a practically unlimited number other framework constructions made of bars and junction pieces in the grid system thus a simple, reliable and economical solution. Through the invention is also ensured that in the event that the supporting framework structure placed on public roads and subject to certain vibrations or shocks is exposed, e.g. the planter supports arranged at different heights remain properly positioned.

Further refinements of the invention emerge from the subclaims emerged. If e.g. at least the cubes or cube segments containing the plant container carriers the frame construction are of different sizes, the individual design variety becomes further increased with the building system according to the invention.

Furthermore, if in the skeleton structure in rows plate-shaped Planter-carrier arranged and to form a roof surface with their neighboring Edges are connected in a sealed manner, can also advantageously be an under the roof surface The room is protected against unwanted solar radiation or precipitation will.

The space below the roof surface can thereby advantageously be stapled be that the plate-shaped planter carrier with xichtduxch; vinegar roof elements mixed together to form a roof.

The feature of claim 5 facilitates the lateral insertion and Removal of large plant vessels in or out of the frame structure using lifting equipment, e.g. forklifts.

The invention will then be described with reference to the drawings of exemplary embodiments explained in more detail. They show: FIG. 1 an oblique view of a framework structure, which is made up of two cubic grids with surface diagonals, hereinafter referred to as cubes labeled, composed, with an extension on both sides in dash-dotted lines the skeleton construction indicated by further cubes and in front of the assembly opening the middle upper cube shows a planter; Fig. 2 is a schematic Top view of a skeleton structure according to the invention, which is different has large cubes that are built in a grid and three different sizes can absorb from plant vessels; 3 shows a combination of cubes and cube segments Framework construction in the manner of a covered green passage and FIG. 4 a enlarged view of the lower left part of the skeleton structure of FIG. 3, but without plant vessels to get the details of the. made of rods, knot pieces and Plant container support to better illustrate the existing framework construction can.

The skeleton structure shown in full lines in Fig. 1 is for Explanation of the principle of the invention of the simplest Type and takes only one planter 22. In detail, it consists of two cubes 10 and 11 together. The lower cube 10 has four at its base in a horizontal one Rods 12 arranged on the plane and four upper ones, also in a horizontal plane arranged rods 13, which with their ends on similar node pieces 14a or 14b are attached, e.g. screwed on. The four rods 13 are over the knot pieces 14b and 14a connected to the bars 12 by four vertical bars 15. To one To obtain a stable cube 10, there are five between the node pieces 14a and 14b Diagonal bars 16 are arranged.

Furthermore, a statically effective one is at the four node pieces 14b Part of trained plant container carrier 20 attached, which is required here per se Diagonal bar 16 replaced so that the lower cube 10 fulfills Föppl's law, because the eight junction pieces 14a, b are connected by 18 bars according to the formula 3K - 6 = 18 are enclosed, the planter carrier 20 of two rigidly connected rods.

The rods 13 simultaneously form the lower parts or base of the Cubus 11. Anode node pieces 14b are the four vertical rods 17 of the cube 11 connected at their upper ends via node pieces 1f4c with the four in a horizontal plane lying rods 18 are connected, so that the cube 11 is stable, there are diagonal bars on three sides between the node pieces 14b and 14c 19 arranged.

The rods 17, 18 and 19 each have the same diameter D1 on, which in this example is about half the diameter D2 of rods 12, 13, 15 corresponds to around 16 of the lower cube 10.

The diagonal bar is omitted from the front of the Cubus 11, around a mounting opening 21 for lateral insertion or

taking out the planter 22 into the cube 11 or from it keep out. This manipulation can be done with larger units, e.g. with the help of a forklift or the like. The clear distance B1 between the two vertical rods 17 on the side of the mounting opening 21 is for this purpose slightly larger than the edge length B3 of the planter 22, which in this case is a Box with a square base is. The planter sits in the installed state 22 on the plant container carrier 20 and is at its lower edge of the rods 13 enclosed. The stability of the Cubus 11 is achieved by omitting the diagonal rod 19 on its front side is not affected, as Föppl's law for static certain spatial trusses are also met here.

Because it applies that following a statically stable cubic lattice further grid statically stable can be connected in such a way that besides a planter carrier has a mounting opening free from a diagonal cut out will.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic plan view of a framework construction from different sized cubes 24, 25 and 26, but all of them are identical Cubus grids are built up.

In this way, the cube 25 can be replaced by eight cubes 24, for example and vice versa. In this case, too, those in base-related are horizontal Levels of the cubes required diagonal bars replaced by the statically effective ones Planter -Trackers 27, 28 and 29, on which the plant vessels 30, 31 and 32 are attached. These planter carriers can vary depending on the three-dimensional Extension of the skeleton structure can also be arranged at different heights.

Fig. 3 shows a skeleton structure made of cubes of different sizes and cube segments that form a covered "green passage". In detail this skeleton structure consists of four equally large ones arranged one above the other Cubes 33, on which cubes of the same type for training perpendicular to the plane of the drawing the left wall of this "Gxün-Durchgans" are connected to the second cube 33 from below, a cube segment 34 is attached to the outside, which is a diagonally cut Represents half of a cube 33. The right wall of the "green passage" sits down from comparatively larger, similar cubes 35, of which two. have the same height as four cubes 33. On the topmost cube 33 and 35, respectively, cube segments 34 and 36 are placed on which the transverse direction verlaugenQen, the bridging cube segments 34 or 37 are connected, a cube 33 being switched on between two cube segments 34, for example. In order to create a broader "GxüniQurchgrngs", further bridging ones could be used Cubes 33 may be provided.

The structure of the cubes 33 and 35 or cube segments 34 and 36 is similar, so that it is sufficient to place the cube 33 and a cube segment 34 on the lower left part of the In Fig. 3 shown framework construction closer to er \ gUtexn. This part of the skeleton structure is shown in perspective in Fig. 4, however without plant vessels 22. The cubes 33 practically correspond to the cubes 10 and 11 and shown in FIG the same parts are therefore denoted by the same reference numerals. The mounting openings 21 are here, however, on the inside (Fig. 3).

Furthermore, not only the four node pieces 14b are static here effective plant vessel carrier 20 (in the form of cross-shaped rigidly interconnected Rods), but also the four knot pieces 14c, etc. The plant vessels 22 (Fig. 3) are through the assembly openings 21 laterally from the inside on the plant container supports 20 and can also be used from the inside, e.g. for replacement or maintenance purposes to be replaced. According to FIGS. 3 and 4, on the second cube 33 of a cube segment 34 is arranged on the outside below, which is also a statically effective Has plant vessel carrier 20 for holding a plant vessel 22.

IW individual this cube segment 34 consists of four rods 13, the are attached to node pieces 14b and two diagonal bars 19, each between Node pieces 14b and 14c are switched on .. The cube segment also contains 34 at the top a bar 18 and at the back a diagonal bar 19 and two vertical bars Bars 17. One bar 13, the two bars 17, the one diagqnal bar on the back 19 as well as the one upper rod 18 and the two knot pieces 14b and 14c are the cube 33 and the cube segment 34 together.

The other cube segments 34 shown in FIG. 3 correspond to that 4 and in the one in the upper bridging part of the framework structure arranged cube 33 and cúbus segments 34 is the plant container carrier 20 together with the Planter 22 mounted from below.

The cubes 35 and cube segments 36 on the right-hand side of the in Fig. 3 have the same structure as the cubes 33 and cube segments 34 on the left-hand side, but with the same Gxund-BaumaB present (eight cubes 33 can e.g. replace a cube 35 and four cube segments 34 and two cubes 33 take the place of the cube segment 36). In the same The basic structural dimension is also the cube segment 37, which is a halved cube segment 36 corresponds.

Those in the cube segments 34 and 33 of the bridging part the framework structure shown in Fig. 3 built-in plant container carrier in deviation from the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1, 2 and 4 also from statically effective, flat or trough-shaped. Panels (not shown) are made, which run in two rows perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 3, and these are plate-shaped Planter supports can be used on their adjacent edges to form a roof surface be sealed together. To complement this roof area formed in this way can also not in the gaps between the lower bars of the cube segments 37 The translucent roof elements shown, e.g. acrylic glass plates, must be installed, In contrast to the plate-shaped plant container carriers, however, the latter have no static function to fulfill.

Analogously, one initially consists of five nodes and eight rods (with four triangles and a square) composed of a cube segment in the form of a half-octahedron stabilized in that a planter support is used in the square.

An additional improvement that is very important in practice is achieved, if you already have several, coordinated components in the manufacturing company in the form of a parts kit "pre-assembled. As a typical example and special this advantageously applies to the elements of the horizontal framework levels and here again especially for the horizontal planes with the planter supports 20.

For example, if you deliver four nodes 14 and four horizontally arranged edge bars 12, 13, 18 combined with a cross-shaped plant container carrier 20 in one piece, this not only saves the user work, but also makes it easier psychologically the structure. The first cube of a tower e.g.

according to Fi. 1 or 3 can thus be made up of a "basic square with diagonal" for level Z0 and a square with a 20 "planter support for level Z1 and four pieces of corner posts 15, 17 and four pieces of side-face diagonals 16, 19 The second cube is required between levels Z1 and Z2 then just one more "square with a cross-shaped planter carrier 20" and four Pieces of corner posts 17 and three pieces of side-surface diagonals 19.

This method is not only a contribution to the psychological easing of assembly and to increase the economic efficiency, but also serves as static protection the construction,

Claims (6)

Claims 1 Construction system for greening streets, squares, buildings etc., with vessels containing plants and a three-dimensional one carrying these vessels Framework construction made of rods and knot pieces, as well as with planter supports, characterized in that a) the skeleton structure, starting from the face-centered cubic lattice or based on the cubic lattice with area diagonals Cubes (10, 11, 33, 35) or cube segments (34, 36, 37) are assembled, b) the plant container carrier (20) in the form of a cruciform rigidly connected to one another Rods, flat or trough-shaped plates designed as statically effective parts and each in a horizontal plane of a cube or cube segment arranged node pieces (14b, 14c etc.) statically connect, c) to the side of or above this horizontal plane filled with a plant container carrier (20) according to b) a rectangular assembly opening (21) is formed in the cube or cube segment and d) the largest edge length or diameter> let (B3) of the plant container (22) is smaller than the clear distance (B1) between two adjacent bars (17 or 19) on the side of the assembly opening (21) of the cube (11, 33) or cube segment (34, 36). 2. Construction system according to claim 1, characterized in that at least the cubes (33, 35) or cube segments (34, 34, 36) of the frame structure are of different sizes. 3. Building system according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that arranged in rows in the skeleton structure plate-shaped plant container carriers and sealed with their adjacent edges to form a roof surface are. 4, - Building system according to claim 3, characterized in that the plate-shaped Planter carrier with translucent roof elements mixed to form a roof surface are combined. 5 .. building system according to claim 1, characterized in that the planter (22) on the side with recesses (23) for attaching a vine, e.g. a forklift is provided. 6. Building system according to As claim 1, characterized in that parts of the Cubes or cube segments pre-assembled at the factory to form a prefabricated part in the form of a frame are.