DE29719558U1 - Multi-chamber separator for waste water loaded with floating and sinking substances - Google Patents

Description

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Separator in multi-cannon design for wastewater loaded with floating and sinking substances

The invention relates to separators with a multi-chamber design for wastewater loaded with floating and sinking matter. In an additional preferred type of use, the separator can also be further developed as a coalescence separator.

According to the preamble of claim 1, the invention is based on the test certificate PA-II 3822 issued by the Institute for Construction Technology in Berlin on February 13, 1991. In this test certificate, a coalescence separator for light liquids has already been published, in which sediment can also be separated; the space below the inlet funnel is intended as a settling space for sediment and the space above it as a separation space for floating matter. Settled sediment can be sucked out and disposed of via the sludge suction line shown. The separation space for the floating matter takes up the entire interior of a cylindrical reinforced concrete tank above the settling space for the sediment up to the highest fill level of the tank. The settling space for the sediment merges into the separation space for the floating matter without a narrowing of the cross-section; this expands above the coalescence device to the entire area of the separation tank. With the exception of the local partitioned area at the clear water outlet, the entire interior of the separator tank is used as a separation chamber, with the lower area for the settling solids and the upper area for the floating solids.

A special feature of this previously known separator is that a coalescence device covers the entire horizontal cross-section of the separating tank with the exception of the

mentioned area at the clear water outlet, which is designed as an inner attachment to the inner wall surface of the separating tank. This attachment already provides a frontal impact surface against a funnel-shaped inlet into the separating tank in order to avoid a direct flow short circuit along the axis of the funnel-shaped inlet. The attachment forms a transverse wall of the separating tank over which the clear water flows.

This well-known separator is very effective because the wastewater is led through the separator in a very calm flow and a very large coalescence surface can be made available. However, due to the large-area coalescence device, it is very expensive.

In addition, due to its shape and position, the flow against the transverse wall is only favorable in the middle area, namely essentially at a right angle, so that the flow is more concentrated in this area and the separator is not flowed through evenly as desired. The strong flow deflection in the area of the ends of the transverse wall also creates undesirable vortices.

The invention is based on the object of creating a separator for wastewater loaded with floating and settling substances, which enables a uniform flow over the entire cross-sectional area of the separator tank and largely avoids turbulence while at the same time providing optimal settling space for the settling substances and storage space for the separated floating substances.

This object is achieved according to the invention in a separator having the features of the preamble of claim 1 by the characterizing feature of claim 1.

In particular, the invention makes use of the fact that the combination of an inlet funnel extended over the circumference of the preferably cylindrical separating tank with a cross wall with a convex curvature arranged near the clear water outlet allows a horizontal cross-

section of the separator tank results in a very evenly distributed flow with only slightly fanned out laminar flow threads. By adapting the curvature of the cross wall to the flow path, a largely vortex-free flow is achieved from the inlet to the clear water outlet.

As with the above-mentioned known separator of the same type, in the separator according to the invention, sediment can settle in the inlet-side compartment in its entirety or in its entirety. The separated floating matter, on the other hand, forms a settling layer that bridges the transverse wall without interruption.

The invention also does not exclude the possibility of the funnel-shaped expansion of the inlet being made all around it. To optimize the liquid inlet, however, it has proven to be useful to provide the funnel shape essentially in the horizontal direction and to provide no or at most a relatively small funnel-shaped expansion in the vertical direction, the latter being particularly advantageous in terms of production. It has also proven to be useful to allow the outlet of the funnel-shaped inlet to open out into the normal inner surface contour of the separating basin and, in the case of a thin-walled separating basin, to form the required geometric funnel shape in an outer extension of the separating basin, where the waste water inlet is then also connected. From the outer inlet of the waste water to the inlet into the inlet funnel, as is already known, a flow deflection flank designed in such a way is then provided at least after the inlet of the funnel that the water inflow in the deflection area is swirled as little as possible.

The curvature of the transverse wall does not necessarily have to be continuous. Claim 2 shows a particularly simple manufacturing option for approximating the curvature using a polygon. This results in only minor deviations from the ideal curvature line.

The characterizing feature of claim 3 ensures, on the one hand, that a short-circuit current from the supply

flow to the clear water outlet is excluded. In addition, the cross wall keeps sediment away from the clear water outlet. On the other hand, limiting the height of the cross wall to the area of the upper edge of the inlet funnel ensures that there is still sufficient height for the flow between the overflow edge of the cross wall and the underside of the settled floating matter layer, so that the flow prevents settled floating matter from being carried along again.

The section adjacent to the clear water outlet, separated by the cross wall, limits the volume used as a settling space for sediment. It has been shown that the larger section facing the inlet can be increased to five sixths of the total volume and more without limiting the effect of the cross wall, as set out in claim 4.

Claim 5 describes a now common arrangement of a coalescence insert in the section facing the clear water outlet, directly in front of the clear water outlet. This has the advantage of using the remaining predominant cross-section of the separator for gravity separation and then only coagulating or coalescing any remaining fine droplets into thicker droplets in the last separation step.

The height of the coalescence insert according to claim 6 represents a good compromise between the inflow area required for the coalescence and the desired cost-minimization of the construction effort of the coalescence insert; practically the entire vertical height of the chamber adjacent to the clear water outlet is used for the coalescence where it makes sense, especially since in this section at most a few sediments are separated in relation to the separation quantity in the section facing the inlet.

The design of the coalescence insert according to claim 7 corresponds to the practice that has now become conventional, whereby only, for example, the cylinder is provided with an open-

ry polyethylene rat.

On the other hand, such cylinders are still relatively complex to manufacture and present various difficulties when used for regeneration purposes, e.g. type of guides, required diameter of the maintenance hole, etc.

Instead, claims 8 to 14 therefore provide for simpler, namely not necessarily ring-shaped closed structures for coalescence elements, which are in principle already known in separators. The invention relates to preferred further developments in particular to the extent that a direct flow short circuit is prevented as far as possible in the flow path between the inlet, the overflow edge of the transverse wall and the coalescence insert, without impairing the only slight laminar fanning out of the flow threads.

In all these arrangements, the flow threads run from inlet to outlet or to the coalescence insert without flow reversal.

Claims 15 and 16 describe particularly preferred embodiments of the invention with retention of the non-reversing flow of the coalescence elements and also retention of the overflow effect along the entire transverse wall. The special feature here is that the transverse wall and the insertion guide for at least one coalescence element arranged on both sides are structurally connected to one another, so that both a simplification of production and a stiffening are achieved. At the top of the connection area, there is then a continuous flow over the transverse wall, with the exception of a point-like area, which is then distributed behind the transverse wall to the two side areas of the insertion guide. Claim 17 shows a particularly preferred integrated design of this arrangement, in which the flow over the front edge of the overflow edge of the transverse wall is not impaired at all or at most in a point-like area and insofar as this continues to be at least essentially

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is flooded along its entire length.

If a large settling space for sediment is required, it may be expedient for this to extend under the clear water outlet, in accordance with claim 24, which in this case is arranged in a base protruding into the separating tank. In order to then also settle fine sludge that has reached the area of the outlet-side compartment with the flow, it is recommended to arrange essentially vertical openings from the smaller compartment into the part of the settling space for the sediment that is located under the base, in accordance with claim 25.

Claims 26 to 32, like the claims not mentioned above, relate to self-explanatory structural arrangements of the separator. The features of claims 21 and 28 are particularly preferred, namely, on the one hand, the guides for the coalescence elements and/or, on the other hand, the sampling shaft of a sampling device are formed in the reinforced concrete of the attachment or the bulge.

The invention is explained in more detail below using schematic drawings of several exemplary embodiments. They show:

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show an axial vertical section and a plan view of a first embodiment;

Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 show an axial vertical section and a plan view of a second embodiment with shading differences to illustrate different vertical heights of the surfaces visible in plan view; and

Fig. 5 and 6 show corresponding sections as in the previous figures relating to a third embodiment.

All versions have the following features in common:

A separating basin 2 made of reinforced concrete with a circular cross-section has a lateral inlet 4 on its circumference and a clear water outlet 6 at least approximately diametrically opposite. The entire interior of the separating basin 2 forms a separating aura 8. This is

a transverse wall 10 divides it into an inlet-side compartment 12 and an outlet-side compartment 14.

In the case of Figures 1 to 4, the transverse wall 10 extends upwards as an unbroken wall from the bottom 16 of the separating basin 2 and in the case of Figures 5 and 6 from the middle area of the settling space for the sediment. The upper edge of the transverse wall 10 forms an overflow edge 18. This is overflowed at least at its front edge 20 at least essentially over the entire length of the transverse wall 10 by the liquid flowing from the inlet-side compartment 12 to the outlet-side compartment 14.

The inlet 4 has, in an outer projection 22 of the separating basin 2, which is made integrally from the reinforced concrete of the separating basin, near the upper edge 24 of the separating basin, a connection opening 26 for a wastewater-carrying pipe or a corresponding channel, which merges into the separating chamber 8 with a curve approximately in the shape of an inclined S within the inner wall surface 28 of the wall of the separating basin. At 30, i.e. in the lower S-bend, the flow-on curve is designed as a flow guide profile that prevents turbulence there, from which the supplied wastewater merges into the inlet-side section 12 of the separating chamber 8 via a feed funnel 32 with conical, preferably straight flanks 34. The funnel shape extends essentially only horizontally, while the connection of the funnel to the separation chamber in the vertical direction has a constant opening width over the entire width of the funnel, essentially at a constant height.

The clear water outlet 6 is connected to the drain-side section 14 via a U-shaped channel 36, the first leg 38 of which communicates with this drain-side section and the second leg 40 of which communicates with a connection 42 for a line carrying the clear water. The latter connection 42 is located at approximately the same height, although generally slightly lower, than the connection opening 26.

In particular, the inlet side section 12 has un-

below the lower edge 44 of the feed funnel 32 such a height above the bottom 16 of the separating basin 2 that in this inlet-side compartment 12 the majority or all of any sediment fed in can be separated.

In the outlet-side section 14, access to the first leg 38 of the U-shaped channel 36 is controlled in the usual way by a float-controlled disk valve 46. The clear water outlet closes when a maximum permissible thickness of separated floating matter has accumulated above the overflow edge 18 of the transverse wall 10 over the entire horizontal cross section of the separation chamber 8.

The following levels are particularly noteworthy: The level line 48 corresponds to the resting water level in the separating tank 2, the level line 50 above it corresponds to the maximum filling level and the line 52 below it corresponds to the maximum permissible level of the underside of the separated floating material layer, upon reaching which the poppet valve 46 closes automatically by the float control.

When describing the special features, it should be noted that if the different embodiments show different special features, these can also be exchanged between the different embodiments in a manner not shown. This applies to all conceivable combinations of such elements.

In all three embodiments, the transverse wall is arranged near the clear water outlet 6 and is convexly curved, whereby the curvature can also be approximated by a polygonal line, as in the case of the third embodiment. The inlet-side section 12 takes up at least three fifths of the horizontal cross section of the separating basin 2 in all embodiments, and in the case of the third embodiment even at least five sixths. The disk valve 46 is guided by a vertical guide rod 54 in all embodiments. All embodiments shown have a coalescence insert 56. However, this is not absolutely necessary; all embodiments can also be used without the coalescence insert.

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set 56 and then work as pure gravity separators.

In the first embodiment (Figs. 1 and 2), the bottom surface of the drain-side compartment 14 is raised to approximately half the height of the transverse wall 10 in the area of a radially extending strip, which forms a horizontal support surface 58 for a vertically extending cylindrical coalescence insert 56. The coalescence insert can be lifted vertically upwards from this support surface for maintenance purposes and then inserted vertically downwards again, with a maintenance opening (not shown) being provided in an upper end of the separating basin (not shown in the other embodiments). The float-controlled disk valve 46 together with its guide rod 54 is arranged within the cylindrical coalescence insert 56. As in the case of the first embodiment, the U-shaped channel 36 has only a rudimentary first leg 38. The difference from the first embodiment is that the U-shaped channel 36 is formed entirely in the reinforced concrete of the separating basin 2, whereby for this purpose both the strip forming the attachment surface 58 and an outer extension 60 of the separating basin 2 receiving the second leg 40 are formed from the reinforced concrete of the separating basin 2. The arrangement of the legs, on the one hand inside the basin and on the other hand outside the basin, are otherwise as in the case of the first embodiment.

The second embodiment (Figs. 3 and 4) and the third embodiment (Figs. 5 and 6) have in common that the strip forming the attachment surface 58 in Figs. 4 and 6 is replaced by an inner bulge 64, which in turn is formed integrally from the reinforced concrete of the separating basin 2. Unlike in the first embodiment, in the second and third embodiments this bulge 64 (with the base 68 described below) enables both legs 38 and 40 of the U-shaped channel 36 to be arranged within the cylinder contour of the separating basin 2, so that the

Connection 42 of the previous embodiments can be replaced by a simple connection opening 66 in the outer wall surface of the separating tank 2.

The bulge 64 extends into the inner wall surface 28 of the separation basin 2 via a base 68 in which the second leg 40 of the U-shaped channel 36 runs and communicates at its upper end with a sampling shaft 70 of a sampling device 72 via a horizontal connecting channel 74, which in turn is connected to the area of the clear water outlet 6 leading to the opening 66. The sampling shaft 70 is provided with an upper closure cover 76. At the base of the horizontal connection 74 of the second leg 40 of the U-shaped channel 36 to the sampling shaft 70, a liquid guide channel 78 is provided in the reinforced concrete, which protrudes into the sampling shaft 70 as a supply line to a sampling vessel that can be used in the sampling shaft 70.

The second and third embodiments also have in common that the area 80 of the bulge 64 facing the inlet 4 is closed over its vertical height in the direction of the inlet 4 and from there it transitions into the base 68 in an arc on both sides, leaving openings for the installation of at least one coalescence element 84. A flat coalescence element 84 can be inserted vertically on the transition flanks 82, with vertical guides 86 for the respective coalescence element also being formed in the reinforced concrete of the bulge 64. The coalescence element 84 has a profile that is convex towards the downstream section 14 in adaptation to the curved contour of the flanks 82 of the bulge 64, the curvature of which is selected such that its surface against which the flow occurs is oriented perpendicularly or at least essentially perpendicularly to the flow threads of the liquid flowing towards the downstream section 14.

The bulge 64 rises together with its closed front side 88 and the insertion guide 90 of the respective coalescence element 84 formed in the reinforced concrete to

above the level 50 of the maximum filling level. The float-controlled disk valve 46 together with its guide rod 54 are then arranged as an insert on the inside of the recess 64, independent of the reinforced concrete.

The second and third embodiments differ in the following:

In the second embodiment of Fig. 3 and 4, the front side 88 of the bulge 64 forms an impact surface 92 opposite the inlet for liquid flowing from the inlet 4 over the overflow edge 18 of the transverse wall 10 via the shortest path, which liquid flows here from a transverse wall 10 arranged at a distance from this impact surface 92.

In the third embodiment of Fig. 5 and 6, the front side 88 of the bulge 64 is firmly connected to the transverse wall 10, preferably over the entire height of the transverse wall 10. The front side 88 still projects upwards beyond the transverse wall 10. At the transition area of the transverse wall 10 into the front side 88, a flow guide profile 94 is formed, the front leading edge 96 of which extends into the area of the front edge 20 of the overflow edge 18 of the transverse wall 10 and distributes the liquid that still overflows over this front edge 20 to both sides of the bulge 64.

In contrast to the second embodiment, in the third embodiment the settling space for the sediment is also enlarged to below the base 68 of the extension 64, 68. In this case the base 68 is bevelled on its underside and arranged at a vertical distance from the bottom 16 of the separating basin 2, so that a partial area 100 of the settling space for the sediment is located between the bottom 16 and the base 68. The settling space for the sediment thus extends in the lower area of the separating basin 2 over the entire horizontal cross-sectional area of the cylindrical reinforced concrete container.

The outlet-side compartment 14 in this embodiment is connected via essentially vertically arranged openings 98 to the partial area 100 of the settling chamber for the

Settled solids are connected. This makes it possible to guide any fine sludge that may still settle in the discharge-side compartment 14 into the settling chamber for the settling solids. The openings 98 extend downwards from the top of the support surface 58 and, in the case of the illustration in Figure 5, narrow downwards in a funnel shape. However, openings without a narrowing can also be provided in a manner not shown. In Figure 6, the narrowest cross sections of the openings 98 are shown with a shadow effect for better understanding.

The settling space for existing sediment and the separating space for floating matter are therefore arranged one below the other in all embodiments. In all embodiments of the separator according to the invention, the horizontal dividing line between these two spaces can be the level line shown in dash-dotted lines in Fig. 1, 3, 5, which starts from the lower edge 44 of the funnel 32 of the inlet 4 and projects over the transverse wall 10 up to its overflow edge 18 in all the embodiments described, as well as in most other conceivable embodiments of the invention.

Claims (32)

EXPECTATIONS 1. Separator for wastewater containing floating and sinking matter, - with a separating basin (2) made of reinforced concrete through which the flow is calmed - and in particular with a circular horizontal cross-section - which has a lateral inlet (4), an internal separating chamber (8) for the floating and settling substances and a clear water outlet (6), - and, if necessary, with a coalescing set (56), where - the inlet (4) is designed as a funnel (32) opening into the separation chamber (8) and expanding in the circumferential direction of the separation basin (2), - in particular the funnel-shaped inlet (4,32) is designed in an outer bulge (22) of the separation basin, - between the inlet (4) and the clear water outlet (6) there is a transverse wall (10) of the separating basin (2) which divides the separating chamber (8) into a larger section (12) and a smaller section (14), which essentially »5 * is designed as an overflow wall over its entire length and at least in the area of its front edge (20), - the overflow edge (18) of the transverse wall (10) extends at least to the level of the lower edge (44) of the inlet funnel (32) in the separating tank (2), which only widens in the circumferential direction of the separating tank (2) in a funnel shape, - the clear water outlet (6) is connected to the separation chamber (8) via a U-shaped channel (36), - and the settling chamber for the suspended solids is located below the separating chamber for the floating solids , characterized , that the transverse wall (10) has a convex curvature such that the flow is directed essentially at a right angle along the entire length of its overflow edge (18). 2. Separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the curvature of the transverse wall is approximated by a polygonal line. 3. Separator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the overflow edge (18) of the transverse wall (10) extends in the region of the height of the upper edge of the inlet funnel (32), preferably exactly at the same height or slightly above it. *~ 4. Separator according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the larger compartment (12) facing the inlet (4) is designed with a horizontal cross section of at least three fifths, preferably at least five sixths, of the total cross section of the separating container (2). 5. Separator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the compartment (14) facing the clear water outlet (6) is provided with a coalescence insert (56). 6. Separator according to claim 5, characterized in • «4 · ti »···♦·· that the coalescence insert (56) has at least one vertically arranged coalescence element (56; 84) through which flow can pass transversely to its surface extension, whereby preferably the surface through which flow can pass of the coalescence element (84) extends from the area of the maximum filling height (50) of the separation chamber (8) to below the level of half the maximum filling height (50). 7. Separator according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the coalescence insert (56) is a vertically arranged cylinder which is arranged at a distance from the transverse wall (10) and can be flowed through radially over its entire circumference. 8. Separator according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the coalescence insert (56) has a vertical insertion guide (90) which is designed to be liquid-impermeable on the front side (88) facing the inlet (4) and into which at least one coalescence element (84) can be inserted on both sides of the front side. 9. Separator according to claim 8, characterized in that the coalescence element (84) has a resilient, open-pored mat which seals against the guides (86) of the insertion guide (90). 10. Separator according to claim 9, characterized in that the mat is designed with a stiffening corset, over which the mat projects in the direction of the guide (86). ~~ 11. Separator according to claim 10, characterized in that the corset is formed by at least two U-shaped retaining brackets distributed over the height of the mat on the side facing away from the flow, onto the legs of which the mat is placed. 12. Separator according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the coalescence element (84) is a flat plate. 13. Separator according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the coalescence element (84) is a flat structure with a convex profile towards the separation chamber (8) 14. Separator according to claim 13, characterized in that the curvature of the coalescence element (84) is selected so that its surface against which the flow occurs is oriented perpendicularly or at least substantially perpendicularly to the flow threads of the liquid flowing in the separation chamber (8). 15. Separator according to one of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that the insertion guide (90) is arranged at a distance from the transverse wall (10) and the end face of the front side (88) of the insertion guide (90) is designed as an impact surface (92). 16. Separator according to one of claims 8 to 15, characterized in that the front side (88) of the insertion guide (90) is connected to the transverse wall (10) and in the region of its upper end has a flow guide profile (94) which guides the flow of liquids over the transverse wall relative to the inlet (4). (10) overflowing liquid is distributed to the side areas of the slide-in guide (90) next to its front side (88). 17. Separator according to claim 16, characterized in that the front leading edge (96) of the flow guide profile (94) is incorporated into the overflow edge (18) of the transverse wall (10) up to the region of the front edge (20). 18. Separator according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the height of the overflow edge (18) of the transverse wall (10) is selected to be so much lower than the stationary filling level height (48) that the collection space for the separated floating substances extends completely above the overflow edge (18) over both compartments (12, 14). 19. Separator according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that at least the leg (38) of the U-shaped channel (36) communicating with the separation chamber (8) is arranged in an extension (64, 68) of the separation basin (2) extending into the separation chamber (8). 20. Separator at least according to claims 8 and 19, characterized in that the insertion guide (90) «I * •f ■*·· •&psgr;- part of the approach (64,68). 21. Separator according to claim 20, characterized in that the guides (86) of the insertion guide (90) are formed in the reinforced concrete of the extension (64, 68). 22. Separator according to one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that the projection is formed as a bulge (64) of the inner wall surface (28) of the separating basin (2) projecting into the separating chamber (8). 23. Separator according to one of claims 19 to 22, characterized in that the extension (64, 68) extends to the bottom (16) of the separating basin (2) and/or is formed integrally with the separating basin (2). 24. Separator according to one of claims 19 to 22, characterized in that the settling space for the sediment extends to below the extension (64, 68). 25. Separator according to claim 24, characterized in that substantially vertically arranged openings (98) from the smaller compartment (14) into the part (100) of the settling space for the sediment are provided which lies beneath the extension (64, 68). 26. Separator according to one of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that the bulge (64) is connected to the inner wall surface (28) of the separating basin (2) via a base (68) and the leg (40) of the U-shaped channel (36) connected to the clear water outlet (6) runs within the volume described by the separating basin (2) in the base (68). 27. Separator according to claims 23 to 26, characterized in that when the bulge (64, 68) is formed integrally with the separating basin (2), the U-shaped channel (36) is formed by a permanent formwork remaining in the reinforced concrete, preferably a hose or pipe made of plastic. 28. Separator according to one of claims 19 to 27, characterized in that in the transition region of the U-shaped channel (36) into the clear water outlet (6) from the separator basin (2) within the bulge (64,68), preferably in the base (68) according to claim 31, a sampling device (72) is arranged. 29. Separator according to claim 28, characterized in that the leg (40) of the U-shaped channel (36) adjacent to the clear water outlet (6) communicates horizontally at its upper end region with a sampling shaft (70) of the sampling device (72), and that the sampling shaft (70) is in turn connected to the clear water outlet (6). 30. Separator according to claim 29, characterized in that the sampling shaft (70) is formed in the reinforced concrete of the base (68). 31. Separator according to claim 30, characterized in that the sampling shaft (70) is provided with an upper closure cover (76). 32. Separator according to one of claims 29 to 31, characterized in that a liquid guide channel (78) is provided at the base of the horizontal connection (74) of the leg (40) of the U-shaped channel (36) to the sampling shaft (70), which extends into the sampling shaft as a supply line to a sampling vessel that can be inserted into the sampling shaft (70).