DE29605277U1 - System for the generation of electrical energy and thermal energy by solar modules - Google Patents

Description

Description of my development

1. The cooled solar module

Graphic 1 shows the schematic structure of the module. Solar cells (4) are applied using thermal paste and a special adhesive to a heat sink made of honeycomb aluminum (1) with a coolant inlet (2) at the bottom and a coolant outlet (3) at the top. After the cells have been connected, any open spaces between the solar cells (depending on the shape of the cells) are painted black. After the insulating styrofoam (5) has been attached to the back of the heat sink and to the edge, the glass plate (6) is attached to the front using the aluminum frame (7). Before this, however, the recesses for the coolant inlets had to be milled into the aluminum frame. The upper part of the frame should also be screwed in place to enable any defective cells or the cover glass to be replaced.

2. Overall structure

Graphic 2 shows the stylized overall structure of the system. For the sake of better understanding, pumps, valves and expansion vessels have been omitted from the drawing. For the same reason, the connection of an additional heat source (e.g. gas heating) has also been omitted from the drawing. In practice, this must be present in order to have enough warm water even during long winters without high levels of solar radiation.

On the left side of the drawing is the solar module on the roof (l). Directly next to it is the grid connection (2) (with connection to the public grid (3)) and the heat pump (4) with the built-in control system. Finally, on the right side of the drawing you can see the hot water tank (5) with the connections for the water for the living space heating (6) and the outlets for the heated drinking water (7).

Uwe Urban 296 05 277.9 - U * ♦ · * - j« * %« * ».*%♦*

System for generating electrical energy and thermal energy through solar modules

Until now, it was not possible to generate hot water and electricity in just one module.

"Since the aim is to achieve the highest possible water temperature for the bath water preparation and the lowest possible water temperature for the cells, the pursuit of one goal excludes the achievement of the other!" ^1}

So you had to buy two systems, on the one hand the solar modules for the electrical energy and on the other hand solar collectors for the thermal energy, for which there was often not enough space on the roof and the budget. However, this is not the case if a heat pump is used to cool the coolant that flows behind the solar cells. The solar cells must be connected in a heat-conducting manner to the aluminum body through which the coolant flows. Due to these requirements, a new structure of the solar module is required, which I have developed. This new concept offers several advantages:

- By cooling the solar cells, their efficiency increases by up to 10% and the overall efficiency (electrical energy and thermal energy) to over 50%.

- The lower cell temperature also increases the lifespan of the cells.

- Due to the function of the heat pump, the heat extracted from the cells can be used to heat drinking water and/or living space.

Ladener, Heinz: Solar power supply. Staufen 1995, p.42

Another advantage is the use of a hot water tank with only one heat exchanger. This is noticeable in that a pump with lower output can be used (there is no resistance of the heat exchanger). The water that has been heated by the heat pump is transferred directly to the tank without conversion losses. The heated water is also extracted from the tank without losses in order to heat the living space. A heat exchanger only has to be used to heat the drinking water for hygienic reasons.

If the system is dimensioned correctly, the operation of the heat pump is ensured by the energy output from the solar cells. Excess energy would be fed into the local grid, instead of storing it locally in batteries, which would result in losses. This would have the advantage that the energy fed into the grid would be compensated for under the Energy Feed-in Act, which would increase the amortization of the system. In order to avoid having to buy additional electrical energy, for example on cloudy days, an intelligent control system is used to control the heat pump.

Claims (6)

Uwe Urban 296 05 277.9 .:.%,' *.*"*< .· ·«- Claims to utility model protection 1.) System for energy supply with at least one solar module, characterized in that the solar module is cooled. 2.) System according to claim 1, characterized in that the solar cells are attached in a heat-conducting manner to an aluminum body through which coolant flows. 3.) System according to claim 2, characterized in that the cooling of the coolant takes place via a heat pump. 4.) System according to claim 3, characterized in that the waste heat of the heat pump is transferred to an intermediate storage unit without a heat exchanger. 5.) System according to claim 4, characterized in that the hot water for the living space heating is obtained from the intermediate storage tank. 6.) System according to claim 4, characterized in that the drinking water is heated by means of a heat exchanger.