DE102012104996A1 - Energy concept system used for supplying power to e.g. refrigerator in building, has heat pump which distributes thermal energy to photovoltaic module through solar thermal collector - Google Patents

Abstract

The energy concept system (1) has a solar thermal collector (2) for the collection of the thermal energy from solar energy. A latent heat storage unit (12) stores the thermal energy. A heat pump (13) distributes the thermal energy to a photovoltaic module (3) through the solar thermal collector. A temporary storage device (15) stores the thermal energy temporarily. The photovoltaic module is connected to the heat pump for temporary power supply of the heat pump. An independent claim is included for a method for operating the energy concept system.

Description

The present invention relates to an energy concept system and a method for operating such an energy concept system.

It has been shown that the future energy supply must be based on renewable energy sources. In addition, the energy supply should as far as possible be built or provided locally at the place of consumption. For this purpose, approaches are known in which solar energy is used by photovoltaic on roofs of buildings. However, the potential uses of solar radiation energy on buildings are far from exhausted with the generation of electricity alone. Since only a very small part of about 15% can be converted into electricity with today's technology, thus 85% of the radiant energy is spent unused, for the most part as heat in the environment. But heat is the main requirement in residential buildings.

In addition, it is known from solar energy to obtain thermal energy, for example by solar thermal collectors. In these known collectors, however, it is disadvantageous that they must be operated at a high temperature level in order to provide sufficient heat for the supply of a building with hot water and / or for heating a building.

Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a solution by means of which the solar energy can be used efficiently in a building.

The invention is based on the finding that this object can be achieved by operating different components adapted to one another in a system. In particular, the invention is based on the finding that the problem can be solved, in which a solution is used, by means of which the existing potential of the radiation energy is used much more extensively than before and the supply can be reconciled with the need.

According to a first aspect, the invention therefore relates to an energy concept system, the at least one solar thermal collector for recovering heat energy from solar energy, at least one latent heat storage for storing heat energy, a heat pump for at least temporarily introducing heat energy and at least one photovoltaic module, at least partially the Solar thermal collector supplies thermal energy includes.

As an energy concept system is understood in particular an energy management system with the necessary components for the energy supply of a building. In particular, the energy concept system preferably comprises a generation level in which energy is derived from solar energy and a management level in which the energy derived from the solar energy is managed. The generation level is linked through the management level to a consumption level that uses energy derived from solar energy. The components of the consumption level, such as in particular the hot water supply and the heating and / or cooling of the building are not understood according to the invention as part of the energy concept system, but are connected to the energy concept system.

The energy concept system according to the invention comprises at least one solar thermal collector, at least one latent heat storage, at least one heat pump and at least one photovoltaic module. The at least one solar thermal collector and the at least one photovoltaic module represent components of the generation level. The at least one heat pump and the at least one latent heat storage represent components of the management level. According to the invention, a plurality of photovoltaic modules and a plurality of solar thermal collectors are preferably provided. In the following, for the sake of clarity, generally only reference is made to a photovoltaic module or a photovoltaic and a solar thermal collector or a solar thermal. However, the explanations apply accordingly to several photovoltaic modules and several solar thermal collectors. The photovoltaic module is also referred to below as a photovoltaic module or PV module. The solar thermal collector is also referred to below as a solar thermal collector or ST collector. Within the meaning of the invention, a photovoltaic module is understood to mean a module which has at least one solar cell in order to obtain electric current from the solar radiation radiating onto the PV module. In addition, according to the present invention, the photovoltaic module is at least partially used to supply thermal energy to the solar thermal collector. In particular, the heat conduction of a photovoltaic module is used to supply thermal energy to the solar thermal collector. The photovoltaic, which consists of one or more PV modules and the solar thermal, which consists of one or more solar thermal collectors, together form a solar energy system.

For the purposes of the present invention, a solar thermal collector is a component in which the heat energy originating from the solar radiation is transferred to a heat transfer medium, In particular, a guided in the solar thermal collector liquid is transferred. According to the invention, the heat originating from the solar radiation can also be the heat released by a photovoltaic module by heat conduction.

The at least one latent heat storage used according to the invention for the storage of heat energy. As latent heat storage here is a long-term storage for thermal energy understood. According to the invention, a single latent heat storage is preferably provided for a building or even for several buildings.

But it is also possible to use several latent heat storage for a building. The latent heat storage is referred to below as a long-term heat storage or seasonal heat storage.

The at least one heat pump, which is provided according to the invention, is used according to the invention for the at least temporary introduction of heat energy. In particular, the heat pump is preferably a machine that absorbs thermal energy from a reservoir with lower temperature by using technical work and - together with the drive energy - transfers as useful heat to a heating fluid with a higher temperature. The heat pump thus makes it possible, as needed, to provide directly usable heat from different temperature levels in a timely manner.

By having at least one solar thermal collector, at least one latent heat accumulator, at least one heat pump and at least one photovoltaic module which at least partially supplies thermal energy to the solar thermal collector, in the energy concept system according to the invention, the energy recoverable from the solar energy can be maximized and its use optimized. In particular, it is possible to fully utilize the radiant energy that falls on the roof of a building. As a result, due to the meanwhile lower energy demand of modern buildings, the energy supplied by the energy concept system can be sufficient to cover the total energy demand, for example, of a typical single-family home. This is made possible by the interaction or the functional connection of the components of the system with each other. For example, at least part of the heat is delivered to the ST collector by the PV module. As a result, on the one hand, the recoverable at the ST collector heat energy is increased. On the other hand, however, this also increases the efficiency of the PV module, since the ST collector is used for cooling the PV module and a PV module usually has a higher efficiency at lower temperatures. The cooled photovoltaic achieves a higher efficiency and thus a higher annual yield of approx. 5-10%. In addition, since a heat pump and a memory are provided, it is possible to provide the temperature levels required by consumers, such as the hot water supply of a building, even in different environmental conditions, such as different seasons available.

Furthermore, in the energy concept system through the use of storage the fluctuating energy supply is taken into account. It should be noted that, although the energy supply by the solar energy system used in the invention, in particular by the combination and the contact between the solar thermal and the photovoltaic is made sufficiently available, but fluctuates.

According to a preferred embodiment, the at least one photovoltaic module is connected to the at least one heat pump for the at least temporary power supply of the heat pump. The connection represents an electrical connection. By using the power generated at the PV module at least partially and / or at least temporarily for the operation of the heat pump, the energy concept system can operate as a closed system, in which apart from the solar energy no further energy source is necessary , In particular, the ecological disadvantage of a heat pump, namely the high use of primary energy, is at least eliminated by the use of photovoltaic power. Furthermore, the embodiment has the advantage that the cost attractive self-consumption of photovoltaic power is maximized.

According to a preferred embodiment, the latent heat storage is a low-temperature heat storage, in particular an ice storage. As a low-temperature or low-temperature heat storage here is preferably a heat storage understood in which the principle of phase transition solid-liquid (solidification-melting) is used. In the particularly preferred ice storage, for example, the heat released during the phase transition from the liquid water to the solid ice is utilized.

The benefits of using a low temperature heat storage are numerous. In particular, can be achieved by cooling the solar thermal energy by means of the low-temperature storage efficiency gains for photovoltaic and solar thermal. For this purpose, the solar thermal energy is preferably connected to the latent heat storage device via a heat exchanger. In addition, the solar heat can be cooled by the heat pump. In Heat periods can also be made available by using a low-temperature heat storage for living spaces without additional expense cooling capacity. Preferably, the low-temperature heat storage is a background heat storage. Such a buried in the ground memory must not be insulated because of the low storage temperatures, since no appreciable loss of heat to the environment is to be feared. On the contrary, an additional energy input from the environment, the soil, will take place in the memory during the phase of discharge of the low-temperature heat storage. By using the latent heat in the phase transition from water to ice can also be stored in a compact volume, a large amount of energy. In addition, this determines the minimum temperature of the energy source, which positively influences the efficiency of the heat pump.

In order to make efficient use of the benefits of setting at a low temperature level, a heat pump that raises latently stored energy to a meaningful level is of key importance.

The use of heat accumulators is known for small amounts of energy in the form of water buffer storage. Seasonal heat storage is used much less often. In the present invention, the latent heat storage, which preferably represents a seasonal heat storage, in particular an ice storage, an important element in the energy concept system, as this not only stores energy, but also significantly increases the efficiency of the generating elements, in particular solar thermal and photovoltaic. This dual function of storage and efficiency enhancement is achieved by choosing a low temperature level.

The following describes the loading and unloading cycle of seasonal latent heat storage.

According to the invention, preference is given to using water as the medium in the low-temperature heat store, since this has a very high heat capacity in the phase transition and is completely harmless from an environmental point of view.

The typical temperature range within which such a memory is operated, therefore lies between 0 ° C-20 ° C.

The lower limit is determined by the phase change water-ice, the upper limit results from the requirement of cooling ability, this limit is fluent. The accumulator is fully discharged when the recirculating refrigerant, which produces the energy transfer between the accumulator and the heat pump, reaches just 0 ° C. If the tank continues to cool, well below 0 ° C, it is over-discharged. This operating state is technically possible, but undesirable because the coefficient of performance of the heat pump is significantly worse.

In principle, it is desirable to keep the storage temperature as high as possible, ie not reach the lower limit point. However, since 85% of the stored energy in this concept is in the phase transition, this would require very large storage volumes, which then deprive the concept of the economic basis.

Too small a storage volume is to be avoided both energetically and for cost reasons. In the summer you lose the cooling ability and in winter the heat pump has to do a lot of work. Whereas a too large chosen storage volume remains energetically meaningful, but the increased investment costs do not flow back. The latent heat storage is therefore preferably slightly oversized.

According to a further embodiment, the solar thermal collector is preferably operated as a low-temperature collector. Particularly preferably, the solar thermal collector or the solar thermal energy formed by it (which is also referred to below as ST for short) utilizes the waste heat which inevitably arises during the operation of the photovoltaic module. The low temperature ST (NT-ST) has a better efficiency compared to high temperature versions with 80 ° C working temperature. The temperature level of the ST is not as usual between 60 ° -80 ° C but much lower, for example, 20 ° -30 ° C. This achieves active cooling of the photovoltaic module, which otherwise can reach temperatures of up to 60 ° C under full load, resulting in significant yield losses. At the same time, the heat transfer fluid in the solar thermal cycle is heated by, for example, 10 ° K. The temperature level of the ST, which is still too low for direct use, is raised to usable or useable temperatures, for example 50 ° C., with the aid of the heat pump.

In addition, a feedback from the low-temperature heat storage is preferably given to the solar thermal, so that a cooling of the solar thermal and thereby the photovoltaic, which is preferably in contact with the solar thermal, is made possible.

According to one embodiment, the energy concept system comprises a short-term memory for Storage of heat, in particular in the form of a stratified storage.

In the short-term storage for heat, which is also referred to as short-term heat storage, the generated sensible heat can be stored in a temporary storage to compensate for short-term peaks on the "hot" side can. The magnitude of such a short-term memory, which is also referred to as a buffer memory, is determined by the heat demand. According to the invention this may for example be in the order of 500 to 1500l.

The short-time heat storage device is preferably designed as a stratified storage, which means that at least two different temperature levels can be tapped or stored.

The associated with the short-term heat storage heat pump can be operated much more effectively, since only a temperature of, for example, 35 ° C is necessary for heating purposes and only the hot water production requires a peak temperature of, for example, 50 ° C.

According to a preferred embodiment, the energy concept system has at least one output to the heating system and / or cooling system of a building and / or an outlet for hot water supply. According to the invention, these connections of the energy concept system are advantageous, since heating and cooling of rooms is possible by the energy concept system, and at the same time or alternatively, the hot water demand in the building can also be served. In addition, the energy concept system connects to the power network of the building so that the energy generated by the PV module that is not needed for operation of the heat pump is fed into the building's power grid or directly available to consumers such as appliances or lighting can be made. In this case, a current short-term memory, which is also referred to as a short-time power storage or accumulator, may additionally be provided. Storing electricity by means of accumulators is known. However, so far, to prevent electricity from the grid, high costs prevent widespread use. The energy concept system therefore preferably provides that the current short-term memory at least incorporates the storage capacity for a daily requirement, since this already enables a considerable increase in the degree of self-sufficiency. You can increase the self-consumption of about 30% to about 50%.

Since a heating system which is based on low flow temperatures, large masses tempered, such as floors, walls, ceilings, this is relatively sluggish. This allows the short-term shutdown of the heating and raising the temperature level at the heat pump for the purpose of hot water production.

According to a preferred embodiment, the at least one photovoltaic module with the at least one solar thermal collector is accommodated in a solar energy system, and the at least one photovoltaic module is preferably arranged on the at least one solar thermal collector.

Using such a combination of photovoltaic and solar thermal energy in a solar energy system, in which these components can interact, in particular by mechanical contact, it becomes possible to consistently exploit the potential of solar energy. The solar energy system according to the invention is energetically highly efficient due to such a combination of photovoltaic and solar thermal and opens up a whole series of synergy effects with the potential of low system costs for the energy concept system.

In the solar energy system which is preferably used, the photovoltaic (PV) is combined with solar thermal energy (ST) on one surface. The ST is below the PV and is brought into close thermal contact and held. From this approach results in a number of advantages. In particular, the double use of the limited area can solve the competition between ST and PV. The homogeneous and thus made almost complete roof occupancy leads to large collector areas with correspondingly high yields.

The use of a solar energy system in which the photovoltaic modules are combined with the solar thermal collectors but are present as individual components in the energy concept system has a number of advantages. In particular, a high energy yield can be achieved by high surface occupation density, which in turn is possible due to the flexible installation due to the multiple basic shapes and the ability to cut, in particular the solar thermal collector. In addition, a high efficiency can be achieved because of the low temperature difference between the solar thermal and the photovoltaic. The material load of the solar thermal collectors is also low because it is covered by the PV modules concealed. Furthermore, instead of the thermal radiation which is generally used in solar thermal collectors, in the solar thermal collector preferably used according to the invention additionally or exclusively heat conduction is used. In addition is According to the invention, a feedback of the latent heat storage with solar thermal possible. In addition, the design of the solar energy system from solar thermal collectors and photovoltaic modules provided therefor lower costs per unit area, as there are no significant cost drivers, such as glass, frame or absorber. Finally, in the case of the solar thermal collector which is preferably used according to the invention, there is a significantly reduced outlay on connectors compared with so-called PVT collectors.

As a photovoltaic module according to the invention, a photovoltaic module can be used which has at least one photovoltaic cell, which is at least partially included in a body and the body represents a roof tile replacement for a building. The photovoltaic module preferably has a width of 200mm to 500mm, preferably 300mm to 400mm, and a length of 200mm to 500mm, preferably 300mm to 400mm. This size, that is the maximum dimensions, of the PV module is on the one hand small enough to be laid following geometrical shapes of the roof of a building so that on the one hand the largest possible roof area is covered by the PV modules. On the other hand, the small size also makes it possible to exclude areas of the roof in a simple manner, which are in shadow regardless of the position of the sun or at least for a predominant period of time, for example dormers. On the other hand, the minimum dimensions of the PV module are dimensioned so that one or more solar cells can be accommodated in the module, each having a dimension that are suitable on the one hand for receiving solar energy and on the other make a minimum installation and wiring in particular necessary , For example, in the PV module solar cells are used, which have an edge dimension of 156mm or up to 200mm. With this size of the solar cells, in the PV module, two to three solar cells can be arranged adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction and in the width direction. Preferably, the PV module has at least one rigid plug connection device for connection, in particular for the electrical and / or mechanical connection, with at least one further PV module. Preferably, the main body of the photovoltaic module is made of a material whose thermal expansion coefficient corresponds to that of silicon. In this way, it becomes possible to surround the solar cells of the PV module directly with the material of the base body, that is to include these in the material of the body form-fitting, without having to fear damage to the solar cell with a change in temperature in the environment. Particularly preferably, the main body of the photovoltaic module consists of a mineral casting, in particular of polymer concrete. In the material of the body graphite can be added. By adding graphite, for example, a black color of the base body can be achieved. An increased by the addition of this material electrical conductivity can be accommodated by attaching an insulating film on the bottom of the PV module. This embodiment has the advantage that, in addition to the conversion of solar energy into electricity by means of the solar cells, the PV module can also serve as a heat conducting element to the solar thermal collector. At least one recess for receiving at least one electronic component of the photovoltaic module can be provided in the rear side of the main body of the photovoltaic module. By allowing in this embodiment in the main body of the PV module itself recording of electronic components, the overall structure of the PV module is further simplified. In particular, the provision of additional wiring to a separate electronics box can be omitted. The photovoltaic module preferably comprises a bypass diode, which is accommodated in the at least one recess in the back of the main body of the photovoltaic module. This can be avoided in a shading of a PV module, which would lead to a failure of the solar cells, too high a current.

With such a preferred solar energy system, electricity generation can be made possible in the segment of the power supply on previously unused roof areas. This is achieved in particular by the fact that the photovoltaic adapts to the existing roofing portfolio.

According to a further aspect, the object is achieved by a method for operating an energy concept system according to the present invention. The method is characterized in that the heat energy emitted by the photovoltaic module is at least partially utilized by the solar thermal collector.

Advantages and features that are described with respect to the method apply - as far as applicable - accordingly for the energy concept system according to the invention and vice versa.

Preferably, the power generated by the photovoltaic module is at least partially used to operate the heat pump. According to one embodiment, the temperature of the photovoltaic module is adjusted by coupling the solar thermal collector with the latent heat storage.

According to a preferred embodiment, the heat pump is used to be latent store stored heat to a higher level if necessary.

Preferably, sensible heat is temporarily stored in a temporary memory. The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

1 a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an energy concept system according to the invention;

2 a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an energy concept system according to the invention;

3a - 3d : an overview of exemplary operating states of the energy concept system; and

4 : A schematic side view of an embodiment of a solar thermal collector of the energy concept system with photovoltaic modules.

In 1 is an embodiment of the energy concept system according to the invention 1 shown schematically.

The energy concept system includes a solar energy system, which in the illustrated embodiment is solar thermal 11 and a photovoltaic 10 includes. The solar thermal 11 consists of several solar thermal collectors 2 and the photovoltaic 10 from several photovoltaic modules 3 , In the 1 are schematic five photovoltaic modules 3 and three solar thermal collectors 2 shown. However, the invention is not limited to these numbers or this ratio of numbers. The photovoltaic 10 is on solar thermal 11 arranged.

The photovoltaic 10 and the solar thermal 11 form the generation level E of the energy concept system 1 ,

The detailed structure of an embodiment of the photovoltaic 10 and solar thermal 11 is in 4 shown in the solar thermal collector with 2 and the photovoltaic module with 3 is designated.

In a management level M of the energy concept system 1 are a latent heat storage 12 , a heat pump 13 , a heat exchanger 14 , a short-term heat storage 15 as well as another heat exchanger 17 intended. Optionally, the management level M, as shown, also a short-term power storage 16 include.

The solar thermal 11 , in particular the solar thermal collectors 2 are fluidic with the heat pump 14 connected, in turn, both with the latent heat storage 12 as well as the heat pump 13 connected is. The heat pump 13 again stands with the short-term heat storage 15 in connection. Also the heat exchanger 14 stands with the short-term heat storage 15 in connection.

From the heat exchanger 14 or the short-term heat storage 15 associated heat exchanger 17 , the components of the management level M of the energy concept system are connected to components of the building. In this level, which can also be referred to as consumer level V, in the illustrated embodiment, the heating / cooling H / K of the building, the hot water supply WW and electricity consumers, such as appliances and light G / L shown. The heat exchanger 14 and the short-term heat storage 15 are connected to the heating / cooling H / K. In addition, the short-term heat storage 15 over the heat exchanger 17 connected to the hot water supply WW.

About the block arrows in 1 the loading or cooling of the individual components is indicated, wherein the dashed block arrows indicate the direction during cooling and the solid block arrows indicate the direction during loading. The straight arrows in 1 indicate the direction of energy transfer.

It follows that from the solar thermal 11 For example, a temperature of 5-45 ° C to the heat exchanger 14 can be transferred. Between the heat exchanger 14 and the long-term storage 12 Temperatures in the range of 0 to 20 ° C can be transmitted. Between heat exchanger 14 and heat pump 13 Temperatures of 0-35 ° C can be transmitted. From the heat pump 13 Temperatures of, for example 55 ° C to the short-term heat storage 15 be transmitted. Finally, for example, to the heating / cooling H / K of the building temperatures of 30 from the heat exchanger 14 and, for example, 35-45 ° C from the short-term heat storage 15 be transmitted. For the hot water supply WW can from the short-term heat storage 15 For example, temperatures of 52 ° C can be provided.

Regarding the electrical energy coming from the photovoltaic 10 can be obtained is the possible use in the 1 indicated by the dash-dotted arrows. So at least part of the electrical energy from the photovoltaic 10 at the heat pump 13 be provided for their operation. Another part of the electrical energy can be used for electricity consumers Building, such as appliances and light G / L. In addition, optionally at least a part of the electrical energy can be used for the short-time current storage 16 to provide. Finally, another part can be supplied to other power grids or storage.

Based on 3a to 3d , the various possible operating states of the energy concept system 1 shows, the functioning of the energy concept system 1 with reference to the embodiment of 1 described. In 3a to 3d In this case, examples of exemplary daily routines with the sequence of the various operating states are shown, whereby the activities of the individual components are indicated in each case. The latent memory 12 In addition, it is additionally marked with either unloading or loading.

In total, nine basic operating states can be defined here:
The first operating state is heating with latent storage 12 as an energy source. Here is the heat pump 13 active, the latent memory 12 is discharged and there are no activities in solar thermal 11 and photovoltaic 10 ,

The second operating state is the regeneration phase stage 1 , Here are the solar thermal 11 and photovoltaic 10 active, the heating H / K and the heat pump 13 are off and the latent memory 12 is through the solar thermal 11 loaded.

The third operating state is the preferred hot water production with solar thermal energy 11 as a source. Here are the solar thermal 11 and photovoltaic 10 active, the heating H / K is off, the heat pump 13 is active and the solar thermal 11 offers high source temperatures. For example, some may 100 Liters of hot water are generated.

The fourth operating state is the alternative hot water generation with the latent storage 12 as a source. This is solar thermal 11 and photovoltaic 10 no activity. The heating H / K is off. The heat pump 13 is active and the latent memory 12 represents the heat source.

The fifth operating state is solar thermal heating 11 , Here are solar thermal 11 and photovoltaic 10 active. The heating H / K and the heat pump 13 are active and DHW production is complete.

The sixth operating state is the regeneration phase stage 2 , This is the solar thermal 11 in addition, the building cooled in parallel operation.

The seventh operating state is the regeneration phase stage 3 , In this case, the regeneration phase can optionally be extended at high outside temperature and increased regeneration demand and from the photovoltaic 10 Operation can be decoupled.

The eighth operating state is the battery charge. This is a phase of high power generation. Charging the accumulator 15 has always a subordinate priority over the building electricity demand G / L and the hot water production WW.

There are no activities in the ninth operating state.

Technical details, in particular at which points in the circuit valves are provided for the operating conditions described and what kind they are, can be 2 which shows a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an energy concept system according to the invention.

In the 4 is an embodiment of solar thermal 11 and the photovoltaic 10 shown. As can be seen from this view, the solar thermal collector includes 2 a basic body 20 , The underside of the main body 20 is just. At the top of the main body 20 Several receiving surfaces are formed. In the view in 4 three bearing surfaces are shown. The receiving surfaces are all inclined to the right at an angle to the bottom of the body 20 of the solar thermal collector 2 and thus to the bottom of the solar thermal collector 2 , In the main body 20 are grooves provided in the top of the main body 20 end up. In these grooves, the upper parts of a conduit run 21 , The pipe 21 consists in the illustrated embodiment of two connecting pipes 211 of which in the 4 only one can be seen, and a harp piping 210 , The connecting pipe 211 sticks out in 4 in the drawing plane. The harp piping 210 extends in the longitudinal direction of the body 20 , About the length of the part of the harp piping 210 , which consists of a continuous tube and in the lower part of the body 20 runs, branches a series of pipes in the direction of the top of the body 20 upwards. Each of these branched tubes ends at the top of the body 20 with a curvature. About the curvature of the upwardly directed pipes pass into tubes, along the surface of the body and in particular along the receiving surface 201 run. These tubes extend in the width direction of the body 20 , which is directed in the view shown in the drawing plane.

On the receiving surfaces in the illustrated embodiment is a metal foil 22 applied. Between the inclined receiving surfaces due to the inclination and the offset of the receiving surfaces to each other is a paragraph 25 educated. In the receiving surfaces are metal rails 23 brought in. These extend in the longitudinal direction of the base body 20 , The metal rails 23 have an L-shaped profile and are aligned so that one leg along the receiving surface and the other leg in the interior of the body 20 is directed. In the longitudinal direction of the solar thermal collector 2 extend at the front and rear edge of the body 20 in the bottom cross struts 24 , These reinforce the body preferably consisting of a foam mat 20 ,

In 4 is the solar thermal collector 2 with applied photovoltaic modules 3 shown. The photovoltaic modules 3 form together with the solar thermal collector 2 an embodiment of the solar energy system according to the present invention preferably in the energy concept system 1 can be used.

The photovoltaic modules 3 each have at least one module hook on the underside thereof 30 , which has a L-shaped profile and are aligned so that a leg along the bottom of the photovoltaic module 3 and the other leg is directed downwards away from the bottom. About this module hook 30 , which is also referred to as a hook, can be the photovoltaic module 3 on the metal rail 23 of the solar thermal collector 2 be hung. This is in the area of the metal rail 23 in the main body 20 preferably a slot along the length of the metal rail 23 intended. In the in the 4 each right-hand area, which in the assembled state of the solar energy system, the upper portion of the photovoltaic module 3 are in the photovoltaic module 3 no photovoltaic cells provided. In this area overlap the laid on the inclined bearing surfaces and over the hooks 30 fixed photovoltaic modules 3 each other.

The bottom of the photovoltaic modules 3 lies on the receiving surface. Because in this part of the pipe 21 , in particular the harp piping 210 runs, can in this area an immediate heat transfer from the photovoltaic module 3 on the conduit 21 respectively.

With the present invention, a number of advantages can be achieved by the appropriate connection of the or the photovoltaic modules with one or more solar thermal collectors together with a latent heat storage and a heat pump. In particular, an increase in efficiency can be achieved by mechanical contact of the solar thermal with the photovoltaic. The efficiency can also be increased by feedback of the latent heat storage with solar thermal energy. In addition, the photovoltaic can provide at least a portion of the power required to operate a heat pump.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 Energy Concept System

10

 photovoltaics

11

 Solar Thermal

12

 Latent heat storage

13

 heat pump

130

 Heat pump unit

14

 heat exchangers

15

 Short-term heat storage

16

 Short-term power storage

17

 heat exchangers

2

 Solar thermal collector

20

 body

21

 Pipeline

210

 Harp piping

211

 connecting pipe

22

 metal foil

23

 rail

24

 crossbeam

25

 paragraph

3

 Photovoltaic module

30

 module hooks

e

 forming plane

M

 management level

V

 consumer level

H / K

Heating / cooling

WW

 hot water

G / L

Appliances, light

S

 power purchase

HY

 hydraulic

Claims (11)

Energy Concept System that includes at least one solar thermal collector ( 2 ) for the production of heat energy from solar energy, at least one latent heat storage ( 12 ) for storing heat energy, at least one heat pump ( 13 ) for the at least temporary introduction of thermal energy and at least one photovoltaic module ( 3 ), at least partially the solar thermal collector ( 2 ) Supplies thermal energy. Energy concept system according to claim 1, characterized in that the photovoltaic module ( 3 ) with the heat pump ( 13 ) for at least temporary power supply of the heat pump ( 13 ) connected is. Energy concept system according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the latent heat storage ( 12 ) is a low-temperature heat storage, in particular an ice storage, is. Energy concept system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the solar thermal collector ( 3 ) is operated as a low temperature collector. Energy concept system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that this a short-term memory ( 15 ) for storing heat, in particular in the form of a stratified storage device. Energy concept system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the energy concept system has at least one output to the heating system and / or cooling system (H / K) of a building and / or has an output to the hot water supply (WW). Energy concept system according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the at least one photovoltaic module is accommodated with the at least one solar thermal collector in a solar energy system and preferably the at least one photovoltaic module is arranged on the at least one solar thermal collector. Method for operating an energy concept system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that that of the photovoltaic module ( 3 ) at least partially by the solar thermal collector ( 2 ) is being used. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that that of the photovoltaic module ( 3 ) at least partially for operating the heat pump ( 13 ) is used. Method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the temperature of the photovoltaic module ( 3 ) by coupling the solar thermal collector ( 2 ) with the latent heat storage ( 12 ) can be adjusted. Method according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the heat pump ( 13 ) is used to raise latent stored heat to a higher level when needed.

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