DE2947657A1 - Master cylinder block for multi-circuit brake system - has anti brake lock valve between parallel cylinders operated via common input rod - Google Patents

Abstract

The cylinder assembly is intended for a multi-circuit brake system, particularly in combination with an anti brake locking unit. It comprises a number of parallel master cylinders (2) which are mechanically operated (42) by a brake pedal and/or assisted by a pressure source via a valve assembly (5, 6) actuated via a rod (4) connected to that pedal. The mechanical operation of the cylinders is effected via a disc (24), which is centrally coupled to the rod (4). The valve assembly is arranged away from the force transmitting path from the rod via disc to the cylinders, e.g. parallel to and centrally between the cylinders.

Description

Cylinder arrangement for a multi-circuit brake system, especially

especially for use with an anti-lock control system.

The invention relates to a cylinder arrangement for a multi-circuit brake system especially for use with an anti-lock control system, with several in parallel ne @ one behind the other arranged master cylinders, the mechanical VOl brake pedal and / or can be actuated via a valve arrangement with the aid of the pressure of a pressure medium source are, the valve arrangement by an actuating rod connected to the brake pedal is controllable.

Such a braking system is known from D-OS 2 307 817. above a valve arrangement mechanically controlled by the operating pedal becomes the hydraulic one The pressure is supplied to the control rooms of the master cylinder. The control rooms are in turn adjustable by electromagnetic valves depending on the applied pressure, so that wiins anti-lock control becomes possible. However, since here the mechanical actuation device, which serve as an emergency device in the event of failure of the hydraulic pressure medium source, de Valve arrangement is connected downstream, is sic with an anti-lock control of the make changing pressure on the brake pedal noticeable. In addition, it must be used in the event of an emergency braking the mechanical force via the valve assembly on the pistons of the master cylinders to be brought. This has the disadvantage that the mechanical elements of the valve arrangement for (inf emergency braking must be designed so strongly that they do the necessary Can transfer forces. Such a series of valve arrangements, Control rooms and main cylinders result in a very large overall length.

Another arrangement of a multi-circuit brake system is in DE-OS 1,940,632 shown. Here, too, is a pedal-operated valve arrangement the pressure medium in the relatively large control chambers arranged downstream of the valve arrangement brought the master cylinder. These control rooms are also electromagnetic Valves can be pressure-controlled depending on an anti-lock control system. Here too The problem arises that if the hydraulic pressure medium source fails the force of the brake pedal required for emergency braking via the valve arrangement and a movably arranged plate is fed to the plungers of the master cylinders must become. This arrangement also results in a force reaction in control processes in individual master cylinders on the valve arrangement or the brake pedal cannot be ruled out.

The invention is therefore based on the object of a multi-circuit brake system to create with a short bath length. In this case, should the hydraulic pressure medium source fail the master cylinder can be actuated mechanically by the brake pedal, the valve arrangement should not transmit any forces when operated mechanically.

The object is achieved in that the mechanical Actuation of the main cylinder takes place via a plate which is at its center is connected to the operating rod, the valve assembly outside of the Kraftweges Bat Acting rod - plate - master cylinder is arranged.

Such an arrangement allows considerably simpler valve arrangements to, which also do not need to be mechanically trained very strongly.

By placing the valve assembly in parallel between the master cylinders is, a considerable saving in overall length is achieved and a simpler manufacture allows the cylinder arrangement in a housing. Because of the side by side In addition to saving overall length, the main cylinder will also be easier to manufacture of the multi-circuit braking system.

By the master cylinder through tappets coaxial to the master cylinder piston can be actuated, which are located in the plate connected to the actuation pin, which is attached to the actuating rod in a tiltable manner, is in the case of r; icchanischer actuation The transmission of forces without fixed connections is possible. Various events may occur Piston paths can be compensated for by the tiltable plate, however the ram remain parallel to the axis of force application. Thus there are hardly any lateral Forces effective.

A simpler storage is given by the plate In its center protruding actuator rod has a spherical section has, which in the actuating direction in a correspondingly designed pan the plate lies.

Different brake actuators will use the same one Multi-circuit braking system is controlled so that different volume requirements may arise are covered by the fact that the main cylinders have different diameters, so that the pistons of the master cylinders lying parallel to one another have the same stroke displace different volumes. It is thus established that with mechanical When actuated, the plate does not assume a tilted position. The mechanical force point on the piston displacing the smaller volume to the force introduction axis a larger one Distance than the mechanical force application point on the larger volume displacing piston, mechanical actuation ensures that in the same pressure is built up in both main cylinders. To the brake pedal one of the To assign the corresponding position to the braking effect, the valve arrangement becomes a travel simulator downstream.

By assigning a master cylinder to each wheel of a four-wheeled vehicle the greatest possible operational safety can be achieved. With such a Arrangement, however, care must be taken that the main cylinder is in relation to the axis the introduction of force are arranged radially in such a way that the tilting moment of the on a diagonal through the pivot point of the bearing opposite the main cylinder with mechanical actuation in every operating case. This always ensures that the plate does not jam the actuating rod by tilting and another Makes increasing force impossible.

With such a four-circuit brake arrangement, the case could now arise that only one master cylinder or the associated wheel cylinder of the brake actuation direction leaks and the main cylinder fails. The failed main cylinder will now have a larger stroke, with the plate tilting. So that becomes the Main cylinder on a diagonal through the axis of force application opposite Master cylinders also fail because there is no longer any mechanical force on them can be applied. By now moving the main cylinder through on a diagonal the pivot point of the bearing is assigned to a fictitious brake circuit, in the event of failure a master cylinder the four-circuit brake system a conventional two-circuit brake system equated.

It is particularly simple in terms of production if the main cylinder, the valve arrangement and the travel simulator are arranged in a housing. One Another possibility to create a multi-circuit braking system as a unit is thereby achieved that the master cylinder by scfestungselemente with the housing of the valve assembly are connected. Such struts can provide sufficient rigidity the arrangement can be achieved.

There are considerable material savings compared to the arrangement described above to achieve.

To stabilize and protect the arrangement, the main cylinder and the housing of the valve assembly is surrounded by a stabilizing jacket will. Here it is particularly advantageous that the electrical controls in the valves of the Anti-lock control system within the Malltcl; are arranged. In this way they are largely shielded from environmental influences, so that the solenoid valves can be carried out more easily and cheaply.

A hydraulic force reaction on the brake pedal or the valve arrangement to be switched off, the control chamber of a master cylinder is through the master cylinder piston and another piston, which is fixed when the hydraulic pressure is applied, is limited. The fixed coll, cn is at a distance from the plunger that actuates it, sc that the valve assembly can be actuated by the brake pedal, but only the tappet is applied to the piston with full hydraulic control. Because in this way the operating rod does not work with this when the master cylinder is operated hydraulically is mechanically connected, there are also no reactions of the master cylinder on the brake pedal possible.

In order to fix the tappets so that they cannot be lost without special devices, shows the piston a sleeve-shaped section in which the plunger lies, wherein the sleeve to produce a safe mechanical actuation of the brake pedal, one Has a distance from the plate that is greater than the distance between the plunger and Piston is.

Furthermore, the plunger is located in a recess in the plate, the The recess is deeper than the distance between the plunger and piston. The ram lies so captive.

If the pressure in the pressure medium source fails, becomes the control room hydraulically closed so that the master cylinder piston over the in the control room closed hydraulic column can be actuated, so can in the event of failure of the pressure medium source the free travel of the brake pedal can be shortened considerably. No matter what position the The main cylinder piston has taken over the hydraulic column it is taken from the the other piston connected to the brake pedal is further pressurized. The actuation position that otherwise appears as free travel on the brake pedal of the main cylinder piston is caught by the hydraulic column. The brake pedal If the pressure medium source fails, only one corresponding to the full braking position Have free travel. In order to ensure emergency braking even in the event of a hydraulic leak in the arrangement ensure, the piston can also be placed mechanically on the master cylinder piston.

A multi-circuit braking system according to the invention is shown in the drawings and will be described in more detail below.

They show: FIG. 1 the partial section through a twin master cylinder arrangement, FIG. 2 shows the section through FIG. 1 along line 11-11, FIG. 3 shows a twin cylinder arrangement according to FIG. 2 with master cylinders of different diameters, FIG 4 a twin cylinder arrangement with a downstream master cylinder, FIG. 5 the section through a housing of a four-circuit brake system with different designs liauptzylilidern, Figure 6 a composite multi-circuit brake system with stabilizing Sheathing and arranged clektromagnetic valves of an anti-lock control system.

The housing 1, which is open to the actuation side, has a central bore 3, which is surrounded by holes 2 arranged coaxially. The arrangement of the holes 2 around the bore 3 is shown in section in FIG.

The bore 3 contains the valve arrangement consisting of a piston 5 and the end 6 of the operating rod 4.

Downstream of the piston 5 is a piston 7, which in its shape is so is designed so that an annular space 8 is formed between pistons 5 and 7. The piston 7 is a path simulator 9 downstream, which is supported by a spring element 1o, which is located on Base 11 of the housing 1 is supported, acted upon by force against the direction of actuation is. In the wall of the bore 3 there is a locking ring 12 on which the piston is located 5 is supported against the direction of actuation.

The position of the travel simulator 9, the piston, is thus determined by the spring 1o 7 and the piston 5 given in the bore. The operating rod 4, which with its end part 6 forms part of the valve assembly, shows at the end of the section 6 to the rest of the actuating rod a ring section 13, which is against a screw element 14 supports. The screw element 14 is inserted into the bore 3 and fixes the Actuating rod 4 in their position.

In the bore 2, a master cylinder arrangement is parallel to the valve arrangement provided, which consists essentially of two pistons 15 and 16. Through the piston 16 and a correspondingly formed sealing ring 17 is used by the rest of the pressure medium circuit created separate pressure chamber of a brake circuit. By a spring 19 that force is applied to the piston 16 against the direction of actuation, the on the piston 16 abutting piston 15 against a locking ring 20, which is in the wall in the Hole 2 is pressed. In the rest position defined in this way, the special Formation of the piston 16 between pistons 15 and 16, a control chamber 21 is created, by the pressure medium made available by an auxiliary pressure source according to Pedal position is controllable. The piston 15 protrudes with a sleeve-shaped Protrusion 22 in the front third of the housing 1. This front third 23 is hollow and covers in its diameter those arranged side by side Master cylinder. In a part 23 a tiltable slides on the actuating rod 4 fixed plate 24 which carries plungers 26 in recesses 25.

These tappets 26 protrude into the sleeve-shaped ends 22 of the pistons 15, so that in the drawn end position of the plate 24 to the piston 15 of the plunger 26 through the recesses 25 and the sleeve 22 is held relatively securely. The storage of the Plate 24 on the operating rod 4 is formed by a spherical section 27 reached on the operating rod, the spherical section in a corresponding is arranged in the plate pan. By a spring 29, the plate and thus the operating rod is held in its shown Ruheli c. Closed the housing is secured by a cover 30, which is attached to the housing by means of screws 31 1 is attached.

The connections of this multi-circuit braking system to the individual braking devices and the pressure medium source providing the auxiliary force is here in individual not shown further. However, we want to briefly explain how the arrangement works.

The piston 5 of the valve arrangement shows a groove over its circumference 32, which forms a space 33 in the bore, which directly connects to the pressure medium source communicates.

The pressure medium becomes the interior of the piston through bores 34, 35 in the piston 5 guided, where the end 6 of the actuating rod slides in a bore 36. This The end of 6 shows a largely axially extending bore 37, which is in front of the piston 5, limited by the closure element 1 4 space 38 with the interior of the bore 36 connects. That The interior of the bore 36 is above the bore 39 connected to the space 8, which in turn with the return tank of the pressure medium source is in connection and is therefore pressureless. In the position shown is through the arranged bores in addition to the space 8 and the interior of the bore 36 and thus the control chamber 38 is also depressurized. The control room 38 in turn protrudes Bores 41 with the hydraulic control rooms 21 of the master cylinder in connection. In the position shown, the brakes are released.

If the brake pedal connected to the operating rod is depressed, so the actuating rod is 4 and thus the end 6 in the actuating direction 42 move.

The bores 40 arranged radially in the end 6, which are connected to the bore 37 are in connection, approach the bores 34, 35, at the same time the The end of 6 of the actuating rod closes the bore 39. Now from the printing room 33 inwardly flowing pressure medium can only through the bore 37 into the control chamber 38 and get into the control rooms of the master cylinder 21. Because of the pressure built up in the control chamber 38 the piston is shifted in the direction of movement, whereby the path simulator 9 allows the path corresponding to the pressure value in the control chamber 38. The hole 40 is move to the bores 34 and 35 so that no further pressure medium flows in can, the bore 39 remains closed.

Thus, the overall arrangement remains in the partial braking position then assumed, which corresponds to a defined path on the brake pedal.

During one initiated by means of the hydraulic pressure medium source Braking is drawn by the pressure in the control chamber 21 of the piston 15 in its Hold position. The plunger 26 comes due to the path x to the Piston 15, with hydraulic brake actuation on piston 15, does not rest.

If the hydraulic pressure medium source fails, the driver will The brake pedal must be depressed by at least the distance x before the tappet 26 on the piston 15 arrives at the plant. Now he can, as the path simulator 9 and the spring 10 in the direction of movement receding, the master cylinder arranged around the bore 3 over the plate 24 operate mechanically. Emergency braking is guaranteed at all times.

Such an arrangement is of course also suitable in connection with an anti-lock control system (Je.

In the supply lines 41 from the control room 38 to the control rooms 21 of the surrounding master cylinder are arranged electromagnetic valves, which are in stromiosez Vustand are open. Each control room of the main cylinder is still a pressure medium associated draining valve, which is closed when de-energized.

It is now easy to see that with hydraulic actuation of the individual master cylinders in each of the individual control rooms according to the signals a different pressure can be applied to the anti-lock braking system. Thus 16 different positions are permitted for each master cylinder piston.

Due to the lack of a mechanical connection between the master cylinders 16 for the mechanical actuation rod 4 there is no force reaction during the control processes step on the brake pedal. A mechanical connection from the operating rod to the individual master cylinders is only established when the hydraulic pressure medium supply fails as an assistant. In this case, the path simulator 9 and the spring element 10 move back in the direction of movement 42 when the actuating rod 4 is moved and the plungers 26 come on Bottom of the sleeve-shaped projections 22 to the system.

The driver will record this distance x as idle travel, in which no braking effect can be built up. The mechanical connection of everyone The master cylinder with the operating rod 4 and thus with the brake pedal is produced, normal braking, with a correspondingly higher expenditure of force, is possible.

The plate 24 is tiltable so that it may be different Paths of the master cylinder piston 16 can be taken into account. The different Paths are justified by different volume uptake of the connected Braking devices. So could. B.

disc brakes and drum brakes to a multi-circuit brake system be connected. Likewise, if the brakes are of the same type, different Friction lining wear different volumes are necessary to operate the brakes. This could be achieved through the different diameters of the main cylinders but would have to take into account the lever arms for the mechanical actuation adjust accordingly. In the case of a simple twin cylinder arrangement, the following must be observed The following must be observed: Are the main cylinders 2.1 and 2.2 brake devices with the same Volume uptake connected, the diameters d1 and d2 are the same. With the same Pressure build-up in both master cylinders will make the master cylinder pistons go the same way return. To prevent the mechanical actuating force from tilting To exclude the plate, the lever arm a (distance of the axis of the operating rod to the axis of the actuating plunger) be equal to the lever arm b. Due to the tiltable trained actuating element, can slightly different volume recordings be balanced. A tilting of the arrangement is largely excluded.

The arrangement in FIG. 3 has a smaller diameter d2 Master cylinder 2.2 "(on. Such an arrangement would be mixed for actuation Braking devices (drum brakes, disc brakes) are suitable. The different volume intake of the individual actuation devices is through the differently designed Master cylinder taken into account. This makes it possible for the two master cylinder pistons the main cylinder 2.1 and 2.2 cover largely the same path. At initiation However, the mechanical actuation force must be taken into account that the master cylinder due to the different hydraulic cross-sections in an initiated mechanical force to build up different pressures. To, however, in both main cylinders 2.1, 2.2 to enable the same pressure build-up, the distance b to the actuating plunger becomes of the master cylinder 2.2 designed larger than the axis of the actuating rod 4 the distance a to the main cylinder 2.1. This ensures that there is an over the actuating rod introduced force due to the different lever arms affects the main cylinder 2.1 and 2.2 * of different sizes. The same pressure build-up is ensured in both main cylinders.

A twin master cylinder arrangement for two brake circuits can be used expand three brake circuits, inden the path simulator 9 a further master cylinder arrangement is subordinate. So it would be possible to have a twin master cylinder arrangement according to FIG 2 to be used, in which the master cylinder 2.1 and 2.2 each Bremsbetätigunsvorrictull a front wheel are assigned, while the downstream master cylinder 43 den Rear wheels is assigned. The main cylinder 43 sits as a shoulder on the housing 1 and is slightly larger in the inner diameter than the bore 3, so that the hole 3 a Stage 44 arises. At this level 44 is'ein stepped piston 45, the control chamber on the side of the master cylinder 43 46 limited. The piston 45 is assigned a piston 47 in the bore 3, which with an extension 48 can dip into a sleeve 49 on the piston 45. To the appendix 48 and the sleeve 49, in contact with the two pistons 45 and 47, is the travel simulator 9 arranged. Between the piston 47 and the piston 5 of the valve assembly is again the annular space 8 is provided. Instead of a downstream master cylinder 43 is also dynamic control of the rear axle is possible.

The piston 50 of the master cylinder 43 is brought into contact by the spring 51 held on the piston 45. The piston 50 is designed so that the Piston 45 forms a control chamber 46. The control room 46 is not shown Connections with the space 38 in connection and can so according to the brake pedal position be pressurized. When operated hydraulically, the piston 45 is through the pressure in the control chamber 46 is held in its drawn rest position, so that too here with a control by an anti-lock control system changing pressures have no effect on the valve assembly or the brake pedal. It is also ensured that in the event of failure of the hydraulic pressure medium source of the rear wheel cylinder 43 mechanically is actuatable. After overcoming the idle path y between the extension 48 and the Piston 45 becomes a mechanical connection from the brake pedal to the master cylinder piston 50 manufactured. The multi-circuit brake system can be used on all brake circuits by mechanical Force are pressurized.

In a further development of the arrangement according to FIG. 4, the bore 3 can with the valve assembly also be surrounded by four master cylinders 2.1 to 2.4 such Construction must be largely mechanically operated uniform piston advance of all master cylinder pistons can be guaranteed; the tiltable plate that transmits the mechanical force must not tilt.

Possible embodiments of multi-circuit brake systems with four master cylinders are shown in Figures 5 and 6.

In FIG. 5, the force introduction points are denoted by M1 to M5. The main cylinders 52, 53 arranged next to one another have a larger cross section on than the master cylinders 54 and 55 arranged side by side. In the arrangement the main cylinder around the middle hole 3 is to pay attention to the force introduction points two main cylinders M2-M4, M3 -M5 on a straight line with the force application point M1 of the actuation force of the brake pedal lie. It is also important to ensure that that the force introduction point M4 is at a distance b from the force introduction point M1, which is greater than the distance a from the force introduction point M2 to the force introduction point M1 is. In this way it is ensured that with mechanical force introduction At point M1, the same pressure is built up in all master cylinders 52 to 55 and the pistons will travel the same way. The arrangement of Figure 5 is so divided that the master cylinders 52 and 53 each have a brake actuator the front wheels, the master cylinders 54 and 55 each have a brake actuation device It can now be seen that if the hydraulic Pressure medium source and if a master brake cylinder fails, e.g. the master brake cylinder 53, the main brake cylinder assigned to it diagonally, here the brake cylinder 55, also fails because the tiltable plate has a tilting moment about the axis M2-M4 receives and sic This means that the brake master cylinder can be hit 55 no more force can be exerted. The failure of a master cylinder on the the front axle is therefore followed by the failure of the diagonal due to the tiltable plate assigned master cylinder on the rear axle.

The arrangement from Figure 5 thus corresponds to a diagonal two-circuit brake system, in which each brake circuit has a front wheel and a diagonally assigned rear wheel are associated.

Figure 6, on the other hand, essentially shows the arrangement of a two-circuit brake system, in which the front wheels one brake circuit and the rear wheels the other brake circuit assigned. The master cylinders 52 and 53 are diagonally opposite one another, so that their midpoints M2 and M3 with the force introduction point M1 in turn one Just make up. The master cylinders 54 and 55 of the rear wheels are corresponding arranged. So with this arrangement in all master cylinders with mechanical If the same pressure is built up, they must correspond to their diameters be arranged at a distance from the force application point M1. Thus point M2 and M3 to the force application point M1 the same distance, while the same distances M1-M4 and M1-M5 are greater than the distances M1-M3 and M1-M2, respectively. If one of them fails As already described in FIG. 5, the main cylinder is the one on the diagonal associated other master cylinders also fail. Thus, in the event of a defect Only one brake circuit assigned to the master cylinder fails. The others Master cylinders remain functional without the plate 24 or

the operating rod 4 can jam.

In FIG. 5 it is proposed that all of the bores be in a housing 1 bring in. Any anti-skid control valves provided would therefore have to be Housing 1 arranged be. In Figure 6 it is shown how the main cylinder can be rigidly assigned to one another by struts 56, so that a structure of the type described above arises. This structure can be next to the struts 56 are enveloped by an additional jacket 63, which thus the stability of the Overall arrangement increased significantly. The jacket 63 can be on the housing of the master brake cylinder 52 to 55 can be attached by riveting, clinging, gluing or the like. The between The space created by the master cylinders can be used to locate the electromagnetic valves be used for an anti-lock control system. This has the advantage that the line connections as well as the electro-organic valves due to the inclusion in the housing relative are protected and are not exposed to soiling. Likewise the valves with their pipelines could be designed as force-transmitting struts be. The overall structure thus shows only one inflow 59, which is fed directly to the pressure medium Source is connected. The pressure medium passes through the internal valve arrangement and the normally open valves 57 in accordance with the pedal position in the control rooms the master cylinder 52 to 55. These control rooms are de-energized at the same time as the closed valves 58 connected, two of which have a collection point 61,62 are connected to a drain 60, the two collection points can of course are also in communication with one another, so that a drain 60 is omitted.

Such a design would have the advantage that a total of at most 6 hydraulic pressure lines would lead to the circuit brake system, namely the four pressure lines of the individual main cylinders and the inflow and outflow of the pressure medium from the hydraulic pressure medium source.

L e r s e i t e

Claims (21)

Claims 1. Cylinder arrangement for a multi-circuit brake system, especially for use with an anti-lock control system, with several in parallel adjacent master cylinders, which are mechanically operated by the brake pedal and / or actuated with the help of the pressure of a pressure medium source via a valve arrangement are, the valve arrangement by an actuating rod connected to the brake pedal controllable; ct, thereby g e k e n n n z e i c Ii n e t, that the ncechanische actuation the main cylinder via a plate (24) which is in its center with the Actuating rod (4) is connected, the valve assembly outside of the force path Actuating rod (4) plate (24) - master cylinder (2.1, 2.2 2 2+ 52 to 54) arranged is. 2. Cylinder arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that g e -k e n n z e i c n e t that the valve arrangement is parallel between the main cylinders (2.1, 2.2, 2.2 *, 52 to 54) is arranged. 3. Cylinder arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that g e -k e n n z e i c N e t that the main cylinder (2.1, 2.2, 2.2+, 52 to 54) through to the main cylinder piston (16) coaxial plungers (26) can be actuated, which are connected to the actuating rod (4) advertising-part plate (24) lie. 4. Cylinder arrangement according to claim 3, characterized in that g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the plate (24) is attached to the actuating rod (4) in a tiltable manner. 5. Cylinder arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the k e n n z e i c h n e t that the plate (24) protruding at its center actuating rod (4) has a spherical section (27) which extends in the actuating direction (42) lies in a correspondingly designed pan (28) of the plate (24). 6. Cylinder arrangement according to any preceding claim, characterized in that g e k e n n n n e i c h n e t that the pistons (16) are parallel to each other Master cylinders (2.1, 2.2 *, 52, 55, 53, 54) have different volumes with the same stroke push away. 7. Cylinder arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the mechanical force application point (M4, M5) on the smaller volume displacing piston of the main cylinder (2.2, 54, 55) to the force application axis (M1) has a greater distance (b) than the mechanical force application point (M2, M3) on the piston (2.1, 52, 53) displacing the larger volume. 8. Cylinder arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the valve arrangement (5, 6) is followed by a travel simulator (9). 9. Cylinder arrangement according to any preceding claim, characterized in that g It is not noted that each wheel of a four-wheeled vehicle has a master cylinder (52 to 55) is assigned. 10. Cylinder arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the master cylinder (52 to 55) with respect to the axis (M1) of the operating rod (4) are arranged radially in such a way that the tilting moment of the plate (24) of the on a diagonal through the force introduction pu; 1Rt (M1) opposite master cylinder with mechanical actuation in every operating case. 11. Cylinder arrangement according to claim lo, characterized in that g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the master cylinder assigned to a fictitious Isrc) Ilsskreis a diagonal through the force application point (M1) are arranged. 12. Cylinder arrangement according to any preceding claim, characterized in that g it is not indicated that the main cylinders (2.1, 2.2 or 2.2, 52 to 54) the valve arrangement (5, 6) and the travel simulator (9) are arranged in a housing are. 13. Cylinder arrangement according to any preceding claim, characterized it is noted that the main cylinders (52 to 55) are secured by fasteners (56) are connected to the housing of the valve arrangement (5, G). 14. Cylinder arrangement according to claim 13, characterized in that g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the main cylinder (52-55) and the housing of the valve assembly (5,6) are surrounded by a jacket (63) which stabilizes the arrangement. 15. Cylinder arrangement according to claim 14, characterized in that it is -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the electromagnetic valves of the anti-lock control arrangement within of the jacket are arranged. 16. Cylinder arrangement according to any preceding claim, characterized I do not know that the master cylinder has a hydraulic control room (21) have, by the master cylinder piston (16) and another, with pending hydraulic pressure fixed piston (15) is limited. 17. Cylinder arrangement according to claim 16, characterized in that it is -k e n n z e i c h ne t that the plunger (26) which can be actuated by the plate (24) is at a distance (x) to the piston (15). 18. Cylinder arrangement according to claim 17, characterized in that g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the piston (15) has a sleeve-shaped portion (22) by the plunger (26) lies, and that the sleeve-shaped portion (22) is at a distance from the Plate (24) which is greater than the distance (x) between the plunger (26) and the piston (15) is. 19. Cylinder arrangement according to claim 16 or 17, characterized g e k e n it is indicated that the plunger (26) is located in a recess (25) in the plate, which is deeper than the distance. 20. Cylinder arrangement according to claim 16, characterized in that g e -k e n n z e i c h n e t that if the pressure in the pressure medium source fails, the control chamber (21) is hydraulically closed, so that when the piston (15) is actuated, the master cylinder piston (16) can be actuated via the hydraulic column closed off in the control room (21). 21. Cylinder arrangement according to claim 20, characterized in that it is -k e n n z e i c h n e t that the piston (15) can be applied mechanically to the master cylinder piston (16) is.