DE2934106A1 - PIPE HEAT EXCHANGER AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF - Google Patents

Description

Re: patent application H 123

Applicant: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Karl-Heinrich Hausmann In der Heide 9

5100 Aachen-Richterich

Tube heat exchanger and process for its manufacture

The invention relates to a modular tube heat exchanger consisting of one or more tube bundles with basic units that are arranged in a cube-shaped heat exchanger housing.

The invention primarily takes into account the special operational conditions in energy recovery from gaseous fluids - especially contaminated exhaust air - which can also contain corrosive components.

Tubular heat exchanger for the generation of energy or transmission of energy from gaseous fluids - e.g. exhaust air through heat exchangers with another fluid - e.g. water or fresh air - are known. Also the use of pipes made of technical silicates as well as various types elastic connections of these tubes in the tube sheet belong to the state of the art.

The recognized tubular heat exchangers and their manufacturing processes - e.g. according to OS 2758592, 2511033, 2659185, 2603562 - use a device with two parallel opposite one another Tube sheets, which are provided with holes for the use of the tubes. The pipes are fixed and sealed there by prefabricated sealing sleeves made of elastic materials, which are deformed when the pipes are used.

The energy required for this and the risk of breakage when inserting the pipes and the remaining ones Sealing problems are significant disadvantages of these known ones

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Heat exchangers, which also imply a lack of corrosion resistance on the device. The present invention avoids these disadvantages and proposes a tubular heat exchanger without sealing sleeves or the like, which guarantees a perfect, leak-proof, acid-proof, elastic connection and retention of the pipes and also considerably can be produced more easily.

The invention consists in that in the tube bundle heat exchanger developed basic tubes, preferably made of technical silicates, the ends of which are to be improved are pretreated for adhesion, in two supporting tube sheet plates that are parallel and spaced apart from one another - with corrosion-resistant pretreated surfaces with a glass-like structure and consistency - using elastic hardening potting materials are embedded firmly, tightly and permanently elastic at the pipe ends.

In a further development of the invention, it is proposed that each base unit be designed to be movable so that it can be moved according to the structurally predetermined sides can be exchanged during the operation of the heat exchanger without affecting the effectiveness to influence the heat exchanger decisively.

A particular embodiment of the invention provides for each basic unit of the heat exchanger as a modular component in Form a tube bundle set in a rectangular tube sheet with a total of cuboid dimensions and they like a drawer element movable in a heat exchanger frame housing with corresponding cubic external dimensions To make drawers insertable as required, while being inserted remains movable, but tightly with the Housing construction completes.

Each basic unit can be advantageous for the purpose of easier cleaning and for convenient adjustment of the heat exchanger performance as a relatively flat cuboid with edge proportions

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H = f. K; K = L be formed. Here H is the height, K is the width and L the length of the basic unit and f is a factor that is the reciprocal of the number of modular Basic units results. A cube-shaped housing should also be used when using a single basic unit, to standardize the dimensions of the inflow channels. In each basic unit - regardless of size and Performance class - the lengths, diameters and parts numbers expediently match the dimensions and spacing of the tube plate bases be coordinated that the same hydrodynamic index values with regard to the flow through the Pipes on the one hand and the flow around the pipes on the other hand can be achieved.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the pretreated tube ends are in the pretreated tube sheet plates made of metal or other suitable materials using acid-resistant resin compounds based on silicone poured in, which remain elastic after hardening. Phenyl silicone resins with polar carbonyl, Amide or ester groups are used which, in addition to the appropriate number of polar groups, also have a sufficient number Number of free OH groups, which in particular increases the chemical affinity - i.e. the connection with the glass surface through dipole interactions - is improved. These resins can also have a suitable balance between the polar and elastic groups, such as CH2 groups or isophorone diinaganate groups with a high degree of crosslinking exhibit.

They can also be used as mixed systems of silicone resin systems with methyl esters, phenyl esters and ethyl esters and such be composed on the basis of butyl, hexyl and higher-quality esters are built up.

Resins of the type described can be used to improve the resistance to acids and solvents by means of mixed condensation

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tion as polysiloxanes of the last type can also be improved with epoxy resins.

The centering of the pipes is done automatically by the set ^ Viscosity and the surface tension between the resin compound and the pretreated surface of the pipe end. As a result, in addition to a perfect seal, a good break protection during operation and transport is achieved, because shocks and vibrations are absorbed by the elastic mass.

Other known tubular heat exchangers with glass tubes and processes for the production of such achieve the holding and sealing of the pipe ends by temporary adjustment the tubes in the tube sheet with the help of gauges or the like. And then pouring a second tube sheet made of plastic masses in conjunction with the first, which usually consists of thin sheet metal, in particular with the help of a casting mold or tundish, with the cast tube sheet either on the inside or on the outside of the first tube sheet adheres. The actually load-bearing parts are the plastic masses cast at the ends of the pipes, which after form walls after hardening, in which the end sections of the pipes are firmly embedded. Here are the disclosures 2610817, 2509717, 1551522, 2129096, 2502291, 2265349, 2828412 and U.S. Patents 3,447,603 and 3,633660 in particular mentioned.

The obvious disadvantages, such as the cumbersome use of casting troughs, casting gauges, the problems of detachment the hardening casting compound from these, the high material consumption of expensive resin compounds or similar casting compounds, as well as the insufficient acid resistance of this tube sheet, which is caused by the additional pouring of foils Teflon needs to be improved are avoided in the present invention.

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In a further embodiment, the invention is characterized in that two mutually parallel and opposite one another at a distance Tube sheet plates made of metal or other suitable materials - e.g. asbestos - designed as load-bearing elements in this way are that they can be used at the same time as a mold for elastic binding of the pipe ends.

The consumption of binding material is minimized, that by different temperature control of the potting material, the tube base plate and the pipe ends the potting at low Viscosities begins, whereby the initially thin-bodied mass is applied quickly and evenly to the drill holes Tube base plate is distributed, where it increases its viscosity to the desired values by cooling at the tube ends. The increasing capillary forces in the gap between the plate borehole and the piercing pipe end center the pipe

To a

In the borehole of the plate, individually tailored binding agents with optimized rheological behavior and suitable types of surface tension are used to meet the surface properties of the tube sheet ^{7 and tube material.}

For the purpose of increasing the corrosion resistance and improving it the adhesion of the elastic bonding compound to the tube sheet material and to the ends of the tubes are the surfaces these parts are advantageously subjected to a differentiated pretreatment. So can improve the surface finish such polysilanes as vinylsilanes, chromosilanes or similar compounds are used in which in the free end groups of the silanes, as a rule, finishing agents in the form of organic or inorganic acid residues built in, through which the bond between synthetic resins and glass surfaces is improved.

The new tube heat exchanger is therefore characterized in that the surfaces of the tube sheet plates after thorough cleaning of dirt, oil, grease and wax residues with chemical

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Mixing compounds are machined that form a solid chemical bond with the surface of the tubesheet material enter, are corrosion-resistant and even have surface properties that come close to or reach those of the technical silicates used in the pipes.

The pretreatment of the tube sheet plates is differentiated insofar as as metallic tube sheets are pretreated differently than non-metallic ones (e.g. asbestos or similar). The pipe ends The glass tubes, however, are pretreated or with a suitable dilute acid or Finishing roughened with organic and inorganic adhesive bridges, so that an adaptation to the structure of the tube sheet surface takes place and the same adhesive values can be achieved in combination with the elastic embedding compound.

Despite multiple measures and minimal consumption of binding agents thus a perfectly tight and permanent corrosion resistance of the components of the invention Reached tubular heat exchanger that come into contact with corrosive material flows.

The invention also relates to the manufacturing process for such a tubular heat exchanger. This is opposite Another method designed in such a way that the tubes to be bundled standing, and the bores of a tube base plate piercing vertically, cast around horizontally. The pipes are exclusively through the holes in the Tube base plate temporarily fixed in an upright position. The holes in the tube base plate are in relation to the outer tube diameter dimensioned so that through the appropriate setting of the viscosity of the binding agent as well as through the different Temperature control of tube sheets and tubes and, due to the material-related surface tension, forced centering of the Pipes in the bore takes place through the increase in viscosity in the course of pouring the potting material.

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Compared to other methods that can use a similar method of operation only with relatively large distances between the tubes the new method applied exclusively and independently of the distance between the pipes, with the result that only the Gaps remaining between the tube and the tube sheet bore or tube sheet expression with elastic hardening adhesive mass are poured out. Small residues of potting material remaining on the tubesheet base are not disadvantageous.

When operating such heat exchangers with exhaust air or other Energy-rich gas flows from work rooms or production processes have been shown to be dependent on the impurities In these media, severe contamination of the heat exchanger surfaces occurs in a relatively short time, which causes the Significantly impair heat exchange and reduce the efficiency of the heat exchanger. With permanently installed heat exchangers must be removed for the purpose of cleaning, which means business interruptions.

To avoid the associated disadvantages, the inventive Heat exchangers made up of basic units, which can be used as drawers in a corresponding housing construction can often be brought in and replaced.

The production method according to the invention therefore has using a iiioduliren construction of a heat exchanger at least one movable base unit and a frame housing with drawers.

The cube-shaped heat exchanger housings are manufactured with practically the same edge lengths K ¹ = L '= H ¹ from a wide variety of materials - primarily from galvanized sheet steel - and are treated "acid-resistant" to improve surface protection.

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The invention basically provides for the production of housings of any size K ¹ = L ¹ = H ¹ , these primarily resulting from the amount of usable heat carrier and the optimal conditions of the heat exchanger.

According to the invention, the structural design of the modular basic units is primarily based on the requirements for lighter weight and quicker cleaning and handiness and convenience when changing as well as self-sealing connections compared to the frame structure of the housing, so that depending on the size of the housing, the number of to be introduced therein modular basic units are of different sizes and vary between two and any number of units. can ieren.

The number of drawers constructed in the housings that, according to the invention, is drawn in by the drawer is correspondingly high be created by suitable profile strips made of corrosion-resistant materials. It is essential content of the invention, that for special purposes profile strips are used according to your own designs, after inserting the base unit Together with the edges of the pipe bends and the side panels, the interior of the heat exchanger is adequately sealed enable.

As a result, compared to other manufacturing processes, the operation of the heat exchanger when replacing individual Basic units do not have to be interrupted and the hydrodynamic operating conditions are maintained, when a side panel of the housing is removed. For the purposes of the invention, different reasons have emerged typified sizes have proven to be useful and tried and tested.

By means of examples it can easily be shown that the inventive Heat exchanger through the appropriate variation of the

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Sizes H; a, b, d (see the attached drawings, described in detail later) in the modular basic element and by suitably adapting the size H in relation to the edge length K can not only be adapted in a simple form to the energy generation problem, but also additional modular basic units - exchanger units - offers that remain manageable due to the sensible limitation of the height H, both due to the dimensions and the limited weight.

The basic unit of the heat exchanger according to the invention is thus as a modular component of the overall device, a multi-layer tube bundle with a tube sheet according to the invention, the total Has cuboid dimensions, so that the number of pipe layers is less than the number of those arranged in one layer Tube.

The modular base unit according to the invention is therefore off at least two pretreated tube sheet plates and the tubes integrated in them at the ends are built up. The dimensions are based on the ratio H = f · K, which according to the invention for the different housing types by the factor f is determined, which becomes more complex with increasing length K and can assume values between f = 0.5 to f = arbitrarily small.

The stiffening of the entire modular base unit is on the one hand achieved by installing at least four metal pipes made of rustproof itopen - one at each corner - on the other hand by alternative or additional facing of the side flanks with components made of profiled materials according to the invention consist of materials with acid-resistant surfaces.

The adaptation to the dimensions of the drawers in the invention Housing is on the one hand by the special design of the edge strips of the tube base plate, on the other hand by a suitable shape of the side panel is achieved.

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It has proven to be expedient to determine the number of tubes bundled per base unit on the basis of certain predetermined ones Define heat exchanger surfaces for different classes, which in turn are based on the gas quantities to be processed.

As a result, according to the invention, hydrodynamic ones are basically constant Ratios Basis for the calculation of the number, arrangement and dimensions of the pipes. The manufacturing process takes this into account and is designed so that all pipe sizes in the same manner described above can be included, which in addition to the type of potting and the selection of suitable resins mainly by the special training of the holes in the tube sheets is achieved.

The external dimensions of the heat exchanger housing are according to the invention also cube-shaped for the purpose of uniform dimensions for the connection cross-sections of the connections and To get outflow sides of both media flows. This results in uniform inflow channels.

According to the invention, even when using only one modular Basic unit uses a cube-shaped housing, the manufacturing process being based on a variation of the inflow cross-section according to the inflow area of the narrow side of the base unit through guide plates.

For flow velocities in the laminar range, the length of the pipes is due to the cube-shaped construction of the housing on the one hand and the design of the pipe inner diameter - depending on the requirement of thermal compensation for the inner one Heat transfer - on the other hand, limited so that swinging of the pipes to the breaking point is avoided.

At higher flow velocities in the turbulent area

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retroactively

o ^changes

according to the invention, further tube plate bases per basic element pulled in, with coordination of the dimensions and precise design of the tube plate edges, so that the interior of the heat exchanger housing is divided into two or more * channels.

These additional tube sheets bind the tubes tightly and are of the same construction as the tube sheets on the Ends of the pipes, but the edges are designed as guide elements (e.g. tongue and groove, etc.).

The integration of the pipes takes place according to the same method according to the invention Procedure. The modular structure according to the invention with movable slide-in units as modular basic building blocks for certain housing frames, which are defined in classes, an adjustment in terms of size and performance can be made to all occurring operating states and requirements, the drawer-shaped design of the basic units and their movable introduction into a permanently installed housing a heat exchanger according to the invention results, which an easier and faster cleaning of the built-in elements made possible without business interruption.

In the accompanying drawings, the invention is shown in several embodiments, for example. Show it:

1 shows the schematic structure of a modular base unit of the heat exchanger,

2 shows the stiffening and facing of the modular base unit at the tube plate ends,

3 shows an example of the profiling of the tube sheet edges,

Fig. 4 another example for profiling the tube sheet edges,

5 shows a third example for profiling the tube sheet edges,

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6 shows an example of the sealing of the base unit of the heat exchanger with respect to the housing frame the side panel,

7 shows the fitting of the movable, modular basic units in a cube-shaped housing and the Standardization of the inflow and outflow cross-sections,

8 shows the guide plates and cover plates for partitioning off individual modular basic units,

9 shows a modular basic unit for higher flow velocities with additionally drawn-in tube plate bottoms,

10 shows a part of the embodiment according to FIG. 9 on a larger scale with tube plate edges worked on ,

11 shows a heat exchanger with easy handling of the movable, modular basic units as well as their Direction and manner of thrust,

12 shows the schematic structure of a cube-shaped frame housing,

Fig. 13

and 14 the integration of the pipe ends into the pipe plate base in / different versions.

In the case of the basic unit shown in FIG. 1, the pipes 1 made of silicate are with their ends in bores the base plates 2 and 3 held. Here, an elastically hardening potting material is used to fill the gap between the tube plate bore and the respective tube end and a tight and permanently elastic embedding secures. The tubes 1 and the base plates 2 and 3 are - as already explained - pretreated. The heat transfer takes place in such a way that the tubes 1 flows around the outside of one fluid and inside of the other Fluid are flowed through. The long sides of the

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subsequently changed

The base unit are covered by cover plates 4. The horizontal pipe distance is in the drawing with a and the vertical pipe spacing denoted by b. The pipe diameter

- α m kv \ ic ΙίΐΛ η «j knife is given by d, h represents the edges. K is the width, L is the length and H is the height of the basic unit.

Fig. 2 shows a similar basic unit as FIG you are shown the side cover plates 4 'unscrewed. The cover plates 4 'are provided with beads 5 for reinforcement. The tube sheet plates 2 and 3 are at this embodiment also stiffened by tubes 6 made of a rustproof material.

The profiling of the edge 7 of the tube base plate 2 shown in FIG. 3 results from the resilient support the profile strip 8 of the frame housing an elastic metallic seal. The tubes 1 are made by the elastic Integration 9 held in the tube base plate 2.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, an elastic seal 10 against the profile strip 11 of the housing due to the tight connection between the tube base plate 2 with the tube ends elastically integrated at 12 achieved.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, the resilient edge material 13 of the tube bottom plate 2 with the elastic integrated pipe ends a tightly fitting connection with the correspondingly shaped profile strip 11 of the housing achieved.

6 shows an example of the sealing of the base unit of the heat exchanger with respect to the housing frame corresponding side panels 14 are shown. The edge 15 of the tube sheet plate 2 and the sliding strip 16 ends in one

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correspondingly shaped sealing strip 17. The end of the side panel 14 adapts to the shape of the sealing strip 17 at. The side panels 14 thus seal the base unit. A double arrow 18 indicates the direction of thrust modular base unit.

FIG. 7 also shows the fitting of the movable, modular basic units into a cube-shaped housing with the dimensions K ¹ , L ¹ , H ¹ and the standardization of the inflow and outflow cross-sections to the dimensions of the housing. The basic units 20 are pushed into the frame housing 19.

8 shows the principle of adapting the heat exchanger to smaller air capacities. Two modular Basic units 20 are accommodated in a frame housing 21. Side panels 22 of the frame housing and guide plates 23 in the ducts result in the adaptation to the reduced air output.

In Fig. 9, a particular embodiment of the structure of a modular base unit is shown. By the appropriate The height H can be adjusted in relation to the edge length K and L by means of appropriate pipe spacings a and b as well as for any pipe diameter d form exchanger units that remain handy. The number of pipe layers is lower than the number of tubes arranged in the layer. For higher approach velocities and / or for overlong Pipes are additionally drawn in tube plate bottoms 24 with corresponding tube plate edges 25.

From FIG. 10 - as already shown in FIG. 9 - to recognize that the retracted tube plate bottoms 24 close tightly with their tube plate edges 25 and closed air ducts and also have a stiffening effect.

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In Fig. 11 is an example of the air flow through a heat exchanger shown in perspective. The hot exhaust air is from top to bottom through the heat exchanger with five modular base units 26 carried out. The fresh air is led through the inside of the pipe.

FIG. 12 shows the schematic structure of a cube-shaped heat exchanger housing at the edges K ¹ , L ¹ , H ¹ . It consists of the frame 27, two cover plates 28 and guide rails 29 of the drawers. Of the cover plates 28, only one plate is shown.

13 shows one way of integrating the pipe ends into the pipe plates. The surface-treated tube sheet 30 with the drill hole deep-drawn using various methods 31 holds with the potting material 32 the surface-treated End of pipe 33.

In FIG. 14 - as already described with reference to FIG. 13 - four rows of tubes are arranged in the tube plate base. As 14, the surface-treated pipe ends 34 are shown with the pipe diameter d and the pipe spacing b in a modular base unit with the height H and - as can also be seen from FIG. 1 - with a bend in the profile h of the tubesheet.

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Claims (22)

Claims 1.j A tube heat exchanger consisting of one or more tube bundles in modular design with basic units that are arranged in a cube-shaped heat exchanger frame housing, characterized in that, in the basic units developed as tubular heat exchangers, tubes (1) are preferably made of technical Silicates, the ends of which have been pretreated to improve adhesion, in two parallel and spaced apart, supporting tube sheet plates (2,3) with corrosion-resistant pretreated surfaces of vitreous Structure and texture - using elastic hardening potting materials (9) are embedded firmly adhering to the pipe ends, tightly and permanently elastic. 2. Pipe heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that each base unit is designed to be movable and according to the respective structurally specified sides can be exchanged during operation of the heat exchanger without to decisively influence the effectiveness of the heat exchanger. 3. Tube heat exchanger according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that each base unit (20) as a modular building block in the form of a rectangular tube sheet P. tube bundle formed with a total of cuboid dimensions and is movable like a drawer element in a heat exchanger frame housing (19, 21) with a cube-shaped external dimensions as well as several drawers corresponding to the dimensions of the basic units, can be inserted as required is and remains movable, but when pushed in, it is flush with the housing construction. 4. tubular heat exchanger according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that every basic unit for the purpose of easy 130013/0434 ORIGINAL INSPECTED 293AIM 4th i retrospectively / J \ changed external cleaning and for convenient adjustment of the heat exchanger performance as a relatively flat cuboid with edge ratios H = f · K; K = L is formed and when in use a cube-shaped housing is also used for a single basic unit to measure the dimensions of the inflow ducts to unify. 5. tubular heat exchanger according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that that in each basic unit - regardless of size and performance class - the lengths, diameters and Numbers of division of the tubes (h) are coordinated with the dimensions and spacing of the tube plate bases (2,3) that the same hydrodynamic index values with regard to the flow through the pipes on the one hand and the flow around them the pipes on the other hand have been reached. 6. A method for producing a heat exchanger according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that only the Gap between the tube plate bore or deep-drawn borehole (31) and the tube ends (33) with elastically hardening Potting material (32) is poured out, in the case of pipes of any diameter, regardless of the distances between the pipes. 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that it is designed in such a way that the to be bundled Pipes (1) standing and the holes in the tube base plate (2,3) piercing vertically, are poured around horizontally. 8. tubular heat exchanger according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each tube bottom plate (2,3,33) is preformed and prepared in such a way that it can also be used as a casting mold for integrating the pipe ends (33) can be and tundish, gauges and the like. Are superfluous. 130013/0434 9. tubular heat exchanger according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the tube sheet plates (2,3) each base unit stiffened and / or through struts or tubes (6) made of rustproof materials Profile strips or profile panels made of rustproof materials be secured, which close the individual unit tightly with the frame housing. 10. tubular heat exchanger according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that all frame housings (19,21) are cube-shaped with drawers, the number and dimensions of which vary according to the dimensions Basic units (20) - arranged according to performance classes - set up. 11. Process for the production of a tubular heat exchanger according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that each tube sheet plate (2, 3) on the entire The surface is pretreated by chemically reactive treatment with corrosion-resistant substances on the basis of zinc, silicon and silicate compounds, so that the last layer has a glass-like structure with glass-like properties. 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the surface of the tube sheet plates (2,3) alternatively with zinc compounds as a base for acid-resistant bonding materials based on silicone and / or epoxy or such is pretreated from mixed systems with other organic compounds. 13. Rohrv / heat exchanger according to one or more of the claims 1 to 12, characterized in that when the heat exchanger housings are not completely equipped with basic units (10) (21) the inflow channel through dividing plates (23) on the inflow cross-section of the narrow side of the base units is reduced and unused compartments are blocked off by panels. 130013/0434 29341 be sealed. 14. Tube heat exchanger according to one or more of the claims 1 to 13, characterized in that in the basic units these through further tube sheets (24) after the same Processes are integrated and thus firmly adhering, elastically secured at least three times against vibration fractures are. 15. Tube heat exchanger according to claim 14, characterized in that that when using basic units with more than two tube sheet plates, the arrangement of the middle Rohrbo- ^ denplatten (24) is made so that these the housing of the heat exchanger in channels with the same hydrodynamic Divide properties, taking special shapes of tube sheet plates (24) can be used with profile edges (25) for guiding and sealing. 16. A method for producing a tubular heat exchanger according to one or more of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that that by different temperature control of the potting material, the tube base plate and the tube ends a Forced centering of the pipes in the boreholes of the floor slabs due to the temperature-dependent influence of the Viscosity and surface tension of the binding agent is achieved. 17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that on the surface properties of the tubesheet and tube material individually tailored binding agents with optimized rheological behavior and suitable surface tension values be used. 18. The method according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that that to improve the surface finish such Polysilanes, such as vinylsilanes, chromosilanes or similar compounds are used in which in the free end 130013/0434 - ζ groups of silanes are generally incorporated in the form of organic or inorganic acid residues through which the bond between synthetic resins and glass surfaces is improved. 19. A method for producing a tubular heat exchanger according to one or more of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that that compounds such as phenyl silicone resins are used as potting materials for the tubes and tube sheet plates with polar carbonyl, amide or ester groups, in addition to the appropriate number of polar groups also have a sufficient number of free OH groups, to be used, in particular the chemical Affinity - i.e. the connection with the glass surface through dipole interactions - to improve. 20. Manufacturing method according to claim 19, characterized in that that as potting materials in addition such compounds, which also have a suitable, balanced Relationship between the polar and elastic groups, such as CH2 groups or isophorone diisocyanate groups have a high degree of crosslinking, can be used to improve elasticity. 21. Manufacturing method according to claim 19 or 20, characterized ^ indicates that such compounds are also used as potting material as mixed systems composed of silicone resin systems with methyl esters, phenyl esters and ethyl esters and such resin systems are those based on butyl, hexyl and higher valued Esters are built up. 22. Manufacturing method according to one or more of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that the potting materials In addition, such compounds are used, which to improve the resistance to acids 130013/0434 and solvent residues are also improved by mixed condensation as polysiloxanes with epoxy resins. 130013/0434