DE2926061A1 - TROLLEY FOR FAST FURNACE, ESPECIALLY FOR PRODUCTS MADE OF CERAMIC MATERIAL LIKE TILES AND OTHERS - Google Patents

Description

Applicant; Stuttgart, 2? " June 1979

Studio Teenico Industriale P 37J8 Hp Ing.POPPI S.p.A.

Via Radici Nord Castellarano (Reggio Emilia) Italy

Representative:

Bald-Schwindling-Späth Patent attorneys Hohentwielstraße 4-1 7000 Stuttgart 1

Cart for rapid kilns, especially for products made of ceramic material such as Tiles and the like

030013/060?

WAGEH FOR SCHNiiLLBRENNÖFEK, 13IiSPECIALLY FOR PIiODUCTS FROM KE-RAMIKhATJiRIAL Vl JIi IiACIIELh UlU) SIMILAR.

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The subject of the present invention is a trolley for high-speed ovens, especially for products made of ceramic material like tiles and the like. In particular, but not exclusively, it has a useful application as a transport trolley for ceramic tiles and the like during the rapid firing phase of the tiles themselves. In some rapid firing processes for ceramic tiles or similar products are used to transport the tile trolleys, which mainly consist of a flat The base frame is made up of wheels mounted on the upper side exposed to the flame and high temperature gases is insulated accordingly. Vertical stanchions are installed on the frame at short intervals from each other, usually metals (made of litz-resistant steel), which protrude from the top of the insulation to form a loading area with their free ends form. The ceramic tiles to be fired are placed directly on these ends or - more often - on struts that are horizontal be carried by the stanchions mentioned.

The use of trolleys with only one thermally insulated frame brings the heavy part of the roof with it, that the whole part protruding from the top of the insulating layer is exposed to direct action remains exposed to the flame and gases (900 * 1200 ° C); the materials, including the metallic materials (heat - resistant steel), which are normally used for the aforementioned stanchions (and struts), are not able to

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mix and chemical action to which they are exposed in the kiln are to resist for a long time. The steels in particular quickly show obvious signs of progressive upper- area splitting up. This disadvantage can practically not be avoided by a possible thermal insulation of the stanchions with normal heat-resistant Material must be disposed of as a rapid firing cycle of about an hour will save the material significantly Exposing temperature shocks to those of normal, heat-resistant Material cannot be withstood, as this would then split quickly and crumble within a short time. An equal one Kachteil shows in the insulation of the upper part of the frame, which is usually with a heat-resistant Ramming mass or with refractory is obtained on blocks of considerable strength and therefore of a considerable amount and is of considerable inertia. The signs of the disadvantages mentioned above lead to a quick shutdown the car and, consequently, high maintenance and operating costs for the entire scribble system.

The purpose of the present invention is to avoid the above-mentioned drawbacks by realizing a trolley for Schriellbrermüfen, especially for ceramic products such as tiles and similar, gßkeniizeleaned by the icon-structural simplicity and the guarantee of performance and service life, Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a general information for Scimollbremioferi who is able to deliver a safe thermal and chemical insulation of all metal parts to offer that directly odor indirectly the flame and / or the

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hoisseii gases.

One advantage offered by the presentfcen.de connection is the optimal resistance to partial shocks. A further, the present l-rfindung advantage provided is the overall low tfurmekapazitiit that during Brenrijüicise and dox ¹ circumferential phase of the V / _a:; only begx-enzte allowed energy losses en aussorlialb of the furnace.

The advantages and nocli wt'itore above are achieved by the present lirfiiiduiig which contains a i ^v IETC \ llrtihmen, the n on cadres: is oiitiort and thinned: dip vertically from your fieiiarmten took outstand ^ en, characterized;! Okonnzeiclmet that it evolves: One of the inner vertical lines, which lie with their lower linden trees on certain points of the armored Italy - Form of low temperature, with ciii> ^ eiuirmten iuui. "; on wearing upper free ends, which /? oei; ', nc? t are to form the ideal loading area (especially for Kcramikproiluktu such as Kaclieln and the like) and limerun in the furnace, play in the zone of high temperature, exactly said uesLgeeLgnete support surface, wherein the called schliesslieh en iiun _t -en to the thin rods made of hi tzbestündigem i; atoriai exist that have a good resistance to Teittperatur schoclcs have; - At least one liner made of thermo-insulated material of low volume and witlers tarids against composite shocks, which is attached to the frame lätiüi Scluitz of the same and old lower part of the car; - Lateral diclfc lines, those on the side

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Edges of said lining are attached and for insulation of the frame and all the lower elements from the upper space of the kiln.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description below two preferred but not exclusive forms of realization which are presented purely by way of example and not of limitation in the accompanying drawings, of which: - Fig. 1 is a vertical and partially sectioned front view of a first embodiment of the the invention concerned} - Fig. 2 shows a plan view of a second form of implementation of the invention concerned. findungj - Fig. 3 shows a vertical and partly in section according to the plane II-II from Fig. 2 running side view j Fig. 4 shows enlarged the detail of a section after the Level I1I-III from Fig. 3.

Referring to the figures mentioned, (i) denotes a metal frame in the form of a flat frame that extends to four Rags (2) is mounted, which are carried by two parallel axes (6) and (7) and on the underside of said frame are attached. Supports (3) are attached to the liahine (1), which consist of "L" profiles and their upper edges (3a) result in a single and most suitable flat lower support surface (8). The supports (3) are the same and with uniform Spaced apart parallel to the fixed axes of the wheels (2). On the mentioned supports (3) and perpendicular to these are equidistant from one another

030013/0607 ./.

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Cross braces {k) fixed, which are the same and above the vertical of the upper edges (3 * 0 cylindrical bores with vertical axes, which are intended to receive rolsrförinige Haiteelemente (5) that rest on said upper edges tubular holding elements (5) are each the same vertical stanchions (9) »which rest with their lower ends on the upper edges (3 ^ ·). The mentioned vertical stanchions of the same length are parallel to each other and their upper free ends (9a ·) form a most suitable loading area (io) for ceramic products, and especially for tiles (32), soft parallel to the ideal lower support surface (8), which is formed by the upper edges (3a). Said vertical stanchions consist of thin rods made of heat-resistant material and have a good resistance go {^ s temperature shocks. When the Verwirklichungsf .The invention concerned orrri as shown in figures 2 and 3 Outer vertical stanchions (11) are provided along the circumference around the height of said vertical stanchions (9), which have a greater height of the vertical stanchions (9). Also, the outer vertical stanchions (ii) consist of thin bars made of refractory material with egg nor good resistance i ^ e ^ en Temporatui ^ -schocks and housed inside tubular ilalteelenienten (5), simply by their lower iCiiuen on the rest on the upper edges (3a) of the supports (3). The upper free ends (i1a) of the outer vertical Iiun. ^f -; eii (11) protrude beyond the ideal loading area (1O) and are provided with stops (12),

030013/0607

to which the small ceramic plates (13) are placed laterally. The small plates being of a refractory material, have a small thickness, and lie on the upper free ends (9a) of the vertical stanchions (9), one next to the other, so they produce a continuous support surface (lh) for the ceramic products form. The small ceramic plates (13) are held laterally on the outer circumference of the support surface (i4) along by the stops. The stops (i2) and the upper free ends (Ha) correspond to the thickness of the said small ceramic plates (I3) »so that they protrude vertically over the ideal loading area (10) at a height that does not exceed the thickness of the said small ceramic plates . In the first embodiment of the invention, which is shown in Fig. 1, the vertical stanchions (9) consist of thin cylindrical rods which are filled with heat-resistant material; In the second embodiment as in Figures 2 and 3, the vertical stanchions (9) and especially the vertical stanchions (11) are of greater height, hollow on the inside and have a constant cylindrical or prismatic cross-section. A metal core (15) is inserted into the aforementioned cavities in the outer vertical stanchions (11) for reinforcement with the task of withstanding the bending loads at the foot of the stanchion. The same measure can also be taken for the hollow vertical stanchions (9). In the event that it is not necessary to insert part or all of a metal core for reinforcement, the cavities mentioned are partly or wholly with a

030013/0607

Insulating material based on low-density ceramic fibers filled. This in order to prevent the gases from high temperatures from reaching the supports (3) and the other metal parts of the Car come through these very cavities. In both cases realizations of the invention, which are shown here, the vertical stanchions (9) and (11) are thermally insulated and protected from the flame and the hot gases, with the exception of the corresponding upper free ends (9a) and (Na), namely by an outer cladding (16) in the form of a shell. the called cladding consists of a base made of ceramic fibers, which are mixed with wear binders, and so provides substantial Resistance properties against temperature shocks that arise periodically in the cycles of the rapid burning process, for a duration of one hour and temperatures around 1200 ° G are provided. Above the frame (i) and to protect it and all lower parts and elements of the trolley a lining (17) is attached, which is made of thermal insulation- the material and is resistant to high temperatures and to temperature shocks. The lining (17) contains an inner layer (18), which consists of an insulating There is an embankment of ceramic fibers of low volumetric mass, and in which the tubular holding elements (5) »which protrude from the cross struts (^), as well as the lower parts of the The outer panels (ΐό) are inserted. The inner layer (18) is in direct contact with the cross braces (4) and the upper surfaces of the frame (i) and is in turn on top and laterally closed by an outer layer (19) which consists of

030013/0607

heat-resistant and thermo-insulating material based on made of Keraraik fibers, mixed with binding agents ordered » The mentioned outer layer is made of blocks or holstones (20) that are individually joined together and along the circumference of the frame (i) are arranged one after the other, as well as from plates (21), which on the inner layer (18) for Cover the entire area of the frame, which perimetrically of the assembled blocks or stones (20) is delimited. The blocks or stones (2O) undergo a thermal pretreatment before being used in the kiln with the purpose of avoiding the dimensional changes that occur in the first cycle of the rapid burn failure, or in any case to be reduced considerably. The blocks or stones (20) are profiled on the outside so that they can be placed on the lining (17) of the car front edges (22a) (22b) and side edges (23) result, to achieve a sealing effect. Especially the front edges (22a) and (22b) (front and rear in relation to the direction of movement of the carriage) have over their entire extent transversely to the carriage stretches of a flat surface with the same Incline in relation to the vertical. This allows a good seal between the fairings of two cars that are arranged one behind the other. The Seitenlcanten (23) are in both implementation forms shown over the entire length the liner (17) is provided so that it is in a channel Insert (24) located in the walls of the furnace and runs parallel to the direction of movement of the carriage, so that a kind of labyrinth is created (25). Under the

030013/0607

Sealing means attached to the side edges (23) of the lining (17) are provided, which isolate the frame (1) and all lower elements of the carriage from the upper space of the kiln; These sealing means include a sealing element (26) which has a sealing surface (27) with generatrices parallel to the direction of movement of the carriage. The sealing surface (27) interacts through contact with a surface (28) of a projection (29) that runs parallel to it and delimits the channel (Zk) on the lower side ) is attached over the entire length of the car and is held pressed against the surface (28) by a layer (30) made of a sufficiently elastic material based on mineral fibers »The sealing element (26) consists mainly of a flat strip of a certain thickness and is made of made of a heat-resistant and wear-resistant material, which consists of a mixture of asbestos fibers and calcium silicate; the strip forming said sealing element is located together with the layer (30) inside the "C ^M profile with curved wings (3I)" by which it is held running laterally and from below along the sealing surface (27) "The labyrinth ( 25) and the seal between the surfaces (27) and (28) allow an optimal thermal insulation of the frame (i) and the lower elements connected to it from the hot grass in the upper space of the kiln.

Obviously, numerous changes can be made to the invention to be more practical Art can be attached in the details, but without going outside the scope of protection claimed for the inventive idea.

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Claims (1)

i 'A T K JN "T CLAIMS 1. Carriages for small kilns, especially for products made of ceramic material such as tiles and the like, containing a metal frame (i) which is mounted on wheels (2), as well as narrow hangings (9) » which protrude vertically from the said frame, characterized in that, that it contains as follows: A majority of the named vertical stanchions (9) which rest with their lower ends at certain points of the named frame, which are the most suitable lower support surfaces (δ) (for the stanchions) in a zone with turn out to be low temperature; The above-mentioned stanchions (9) with their upper free! find (9a) a most suitable loading area (10) (especially for ceramic products such as tiles and the like) and inside the kiln, in the zone with high temperature, exactly the most suitable lower supporting surface (8) correspond? n3OOiVOB07 j _t ORIGINAL INSPECTED and finally said stanchions (9) made of thin Rods are made of heat-resistant material and have good resistance have against temperature shocks; at least a lining made of thermo-insulating material (17) with a low mass of voIunia and resistant to thermal shock, which is located above the frame (1) and this and all of the lower elements the car protects; side sealants attached to the Side edges of said lining are attached and to Isolate the frame (i) and all lower elements of the carriage serve from the upper space of the kiln. 2. Trolley according to claim 1, characterized in that said bestgeoigneto lower support surface (ti) is flat, and that the ^ appointed ideal loading surface (iO) for Korainxkprod.ukto runs parallel to this. 3.. Vague according to claim 1, dadux'ch characterized in that or arranged around the i-iem-unit of said vertical stanchions (9) outer vertical run. '. on (left) from larger Ilöho, dei't'ti oboro ariden (11a) about the ί- · ο called ideal load flow- ehe (lo) iiinausi-a.cn, where the ;; 'euaiinten Ilusseren vertical Stanchions of great height (ii) made of the same heat-resistant Matex'ial exist like those who form the majority mentioned Stanchions (9). H. Car according to the previous patent claims, characterized by the fact that it provides small ceramic plates (13) made of heat-resistant material and with a small gap, which are placed on the upper free linden trees (;) a), which are the ideal loading level (10) of the vertical uuiigen (9) from the majority mentioned 030013/0807 / form, and put one next to the other so that they result in a continuous, flat support surface (14), wherein the said small ceramic plates (13) along the outer Circumference of said continuous flat support surface (14) laterally by stops (12) which are attached to the upper free iiiiden (11a) of the named outer vertical stanchions of larger lioiie (11) are provided. 5 · were in accordance with the preceding patent claims, dadurcli characterized in that said stops (12) with the Sides of said small plates (13) meet, and the upper free ends (iia) of said outer vertical Hungen (ii) correspond to the thickness of the small plates (I3), see above that it is vertically above the most suitable loading level mentioned (1O) protrude with a height that is not greater than the thickness of said small plates (13) O. iiagen according to the preceding claims, thereby gekennzeiclmot that all said vertical stanchions (9) and (11), in particular the outer vertical stanchions (11), inside are hollow and have a tubular cross-section, so that they form cylindrical or prismatic cavities on the inside, which are suitable for receiving (metallic) reinforcement cores (15) are. 7 · i / agen according to the preceding claims, characterized in that all said V3 rtical stanchions (9) and (11) are thermally insulated, with the exception of the upper free ends (9a) and (11a), namely by an external lining. (i6) in the form of a JUlLo from IYerainikfasex-ii mixed with wear binders. 03001 3 / 0R07 ./. 2326061 8. trolley according to the vorfahrenc-en claims, characterized in that that the aforementioned vertical stanchions with their lower linden trees simply rest on the edges (3a) of a majority of Supports (3) »which are firmly connected to your named Ketallrahmen (i) are placed, wherein said edges (3a) form a most suitable lower support surface (B). 9. Walia according to claim 1, characterized in that the said lining (1?) made of thernioisolierteni and against Temperature shock-resistant material that is attached to protect the frame (i) of the said car, at least an inner layer (18) made of an insulating material based on ceramic fibers of low volume density (density), and at least one outer layer (19) »consisting of Therino-insulating, heat-resistant material based on ceramic fibers mixed with wear binders, the said being outer layer (19) made of Ilohl blocks or stones (2O) from the called insulating heat-resistant material composed is, which are individually joined together and one after the other (one behind the other) are arranged along the periphery of the frame, as well as plates (21) made of the same insulating refractory material placed on said inner layer (18) and covering the entire internal surface of the frame (1), which on their outer edge of the mentioned and individually joined together blocks or stones (20) is delimited. 10. Car according to claims 1 and 9 »characterized in that that said blocks or stones (20) are outside 030013/0607 are profiled so that they canton with a sealing effect and are housed frontally and laterally on the lining of the car, the frontal edges (22a) and (22b) (front and back) of the lining (in relation to the direction of movement of the car) over its entire extent surface areas with the same slope in relation to the vertical bildori. 11. Trolley according to claims 1 and 1O ₉ , characterized in that the lateral and attached to the handera dor lining attached Dichtiuittel (a.jiü isolating the frame (1 ) and all lower IiI a te dos s / agens from the upper space of the Hreiinofens) contain at least one sealing element (2b) with a sealing surface (27) "whose generators run parallel to the direction of movement of the carriage, and which is suitable for interacting by contact with a surface (20) of a parallel axis, the sicii on the walls is located in the inner aura of the kiln through which the hunt is running, said density lament (2 (>) being attached to the sides of said carriage and along its entire length) and against said surface (28) in the walls Kiln is kept printed by a layer of sufficiently elastic material based on mineral fibers. 12. Wagon according to claims 1, 10 and 11, characterized in that that said iJichtelomont (üb) from a flat Stripes of a certain thickness parallel to the direction of travel of the car is made of a hi-fi resistant material from an Iisehung from Aabea t f aMc; rn and Kai ζ iums ilikat, das 0 3 ο η ι i / η 8 η 7 which proves to be resilient geyen wear, whereby the said strip attached laterally and from below to the Edging is held in accordance with the sealing surface (27). D 3 0 C) I "I / Π h Π 7