DE2900889A1 - PROCEDURE FOR AUTOMATIC SELECTION OF HEATING PROGRAMS AND DEVICE FOR PERFORMING THE PROCEDURE - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for automatically selecting heating programs and a device for Implementation of the procedure,

There are numerous ways to save the fuel required for heating rooms, which are all the time or are temporarily occupied. A common method that has been used so far is to use a controller to use with a clock that either lowers the temperature of the rooms during the night or the heating system stops. This shutdown is for reasons that

909931 / 060Ö

explained below, never programmed.

While this method has numerous comfort benefits, it is not as efficient as it seems.

Theoretically, thanks to its clock, the controller can reduce the heating by 2 - 3 ⁰ C during the night in the event that the rooms are constantly occupied.

In practice, however, it has been shown that this reduction only occurs during periods of extreme cold (5% of the heating period), during which the outside temperatures are negative, is effective.

During 95% of the heating season the reduction is insufficient because the losses are negligible. The level of comfort thus remains high and consumption remains high.

The controller also allows the heating to be shut down in the event that the rooms are temporarily occupied. However this shutdown is never programmed because it remains dependent on the restart of the system that must take place at a time that changes depending on the outside and inside temperatures.

The controller clock can only be programmed for a restart at a fixed time. This stopping the heating is thus replaced by a reduction that is greater than in the case of rooms with permanent occupation, but always dependent on the restart of the system is.

This reduction is therefore very mediocre and effective during 5% of the heating season (negative temperatures). While 95% it is insufficient and consumption remains high.

§09831 / 0805

One could, of course, consider programming the clock to cause much larger shutdowns, so that the heating reduction during a larger Is effective during part of the heating season. It is clear that such a solution would allow more energy to be saved than that previous case, but it would have a reduction in comfort during certain periods of the heating season Episode.

During periods of extreme cold, switching off the heating can in certain cases result in constant danger freezing of the water pipes of the room and the heating system is that it occurs during these periods of time The occupation of the rooms leads to a loss of comfort and that a great internal loss of heat occurs an early and accelerated restart of the heating is necessary, which leads to overconsumption of energy has the consequence that is greater than the savings that are achieved while the heater is not running.

There is also a device that allows heating during the days and hours of unoccupied rooms switch off, and a clock with daily and weekly programs, an external thermostat and a relay contains indin which the clock triggers programmed heating shutdowns if the outside temperature is above a predetermined one Minimum temperature, with the outside temperature being continuously measured by the thermostat.

But even in this case, the fuel savings are not rational, since this device, apart from the fact that they not allowed to turn off or reduce the heating when the outside temperature is relatively low, absolutely not allowed to increase the length of the shutdowns of the heating when the outside temperatures are relatively high, and also not allowed to switch off the heating completely if the outside temperature is higher than a predetermined temperature

909131/0600 * ~ -

ORIGINAL

- D -

If the heating is started at the beginning of the heating season, it is not possible to switch off the heating automatically with the previously known device if the outside temperature rises suddenly and ^{reaches, for example, 19 0} C, and also to automatically start it up again, when the temperature drops again.

There is also another device that allows heating during the hours and days of non-occupancy of the rooms, and a day and week clock as well as an outside sensor and an inside thermostat, which in is arranged in the room to be heated, has.

This device is used to shut down the system when the rooms are not occupied, and the heating to one To restart the time, which is variable depending on the internal losses and the external temperatures, to optimize the restart of the heating.

But even in this case, the method used has major disadvantages for the following reasons:

- The settings must be extremely precise.

- The thermostat installed inside must set the medium temperature reflect all rooms. But it is always tricky to find the ideal place for a measurement the mean ambient temperature is suitable.

- The optimization of the restart time in relation to the outside and inside temperatures is carried out by means of a Computer that integrates several variable parameters and allows heating at the optimal time.

- The price of this arrangement is extremely high and this method pays for itself only in large heating systems, for which the market is relatively small.

- This device can only be adapted to rooms with temporary occupancy.

Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to overcome these drawbacks.

To this. Purpose, the invention creates a method for the automatic selection of Eeizprcgra —. The ^ eztl of the invention is mainly characterized by the following steps: measuring the outside temperature, putting into operation when the measured outside temperature is between a low first temperature threshold and a middle second temperature threshold, one first clock, which is programmed in such a way that shortened heating shutdown sequences are triggered, start-up when the measured outside temperature is greater than the middle second temperature threshold value but less than a high temperature threshold value, a second clock which is programmed in such a way that long heating shutdown sequences are triggered, automatic shutdown of the heating when the outside temperature is higher than the high temperature threshold, and deactivation of the first and the second clock, which control the heating shutdown sequences, when the measured outside temperature is less than the low first Temperature threshold is.

It can be seen without further ado that, thanks to this arrangement, there is only intervention when external conditions allow it allow great energy savings to be achieved without compromising comfort and without cause large heat losses, an accelerated restart of the heating and an overconsumption Would cause energy.

The programmed shutdown sequences are namely more or less long and take into account the time of day, the day of the week, the season and the thermal in addition to the outside temperatures Quality of the building and the facilities, the occupation of the rooms, the real needs, etc.

The invention also creates a device for

Execution of the above-mentioned method, which is mainly characterized by at least three temperature sensors, which define at least three outside temperature threshold values, namely a low first temperature threshold value, an average second temperature threshold value and a high third temperature threshold, and by at least two clocks that are programmed in such a way that they trigger appropriate heating shutdown sequences when the Outside temperature between the first and the second outside temperature threshold or between the second and the third outside temperature threshold value, wherein means for switching off the heating according to the programmed sequences of the corresponding clock.

The devices for switching off the heating are preferably electro-mechanical devices, such as contacts of a Relays, however, can also be electronic devices, such as transistors or logic circuits, or any other suitable equipment must be used.

An embodiment of the invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

FIGS. 1 to 4 are circuit diagrams showing the operating

wise a device according to the invention depending on different Show outside temperatures

FIGS. 5 and 6 correspond to the circuit diagrams of FIGS. 1 to

analog circuit diagrams showing the operation of the device in the "weekend" program.

FIGS. 7 and 8 the schematic diagrams of FIGS. 1 to

analog circuit diagrams showing the

ORIGINAL INSPECTED

INAC Hr «SRg; oWrl

"2901

Show the operating mode of the device in the "Vacation" program, and

Fig. 9 is a circuit diagram showing the on

shows construction of a device according to the invention in a conventional heating system.

The device for automatic selection of heating programs, shown in the diagrams, contains three thermostats A, B and C, which are installed on the north side of the building. The setpoint points of these thermostats are - in the example shown here - set to +3 ⁰ C or +10 ⁰ C or +16 ⁰ C. Of course, the setpoint points of the thermostats can be changed depending on the building and its location.

The thermostats A, B and C are connected to a device which contains three clocks, namely a "heating period center" clock P ₁ , a "winter" clock P ₂ and a "week" clock

The clock P ₂ is programmed in such a way that it triggers shortened heating shutdown sequences, the clock P is programmed in such a way that it triggers longer heating shutdown sequences, while the clock P. is programmed in such a way that it turns on the heating in the case of a building that only has the Is busy during the week, turns off on the weekends.

The clocks P ₁ , P ₃ and P ₃ act on the coil of a control relay R, which closes its contacts 1, 2 or 3 according to the information supplied _{by the clock P 1} or P or P _3. It should be noted that as a safety measure, the logic of the relay is negative, that is, in the event of failure of the coil of the relay R or in the event of a power failure, its contacts drop again and the system works without any heating shutdown.

A manual frost protection switch 4, the task of which will become even clearer below, is for contacts 1, 2 and 3 connected in parallel.

The device according to the invention for automatically selecting heating programs can be added to all heating systems for all regulation models.

In FIG. 9, for example, such a device is provided for an outside temperature follow-up control, the principle of which briefly explained.

Two temperature sensors, such as the two thermistors Th ₁ and Th_, of which one is attached outside the building on the north side and the other on the pipe system of the heating fluid at the outlet of the heat generator (i.e. on the hot water pipe at the outlet of the boiler), supply the controller R the values of the temperatures to which they are exposed at any point in time.

The controller R compares these temperatures with the type curve to which the is set and which depends from the losses of the building has been created. He then actuates either the opening or the via a motor M Closing a three-flap valve V of the hot water circuit, i.e. switching on or switching off the Hot water circulation pumps P or the hot air fan, or switching on or switching off the burner.

In general, the controller is set to two type curves, namely the normal curve for the daily comfort and to the night curve for operation with at 3 - 5 ⁰ C reduced temperature.

The device according to the invention, denoted by D in FIG is, is to the circuit that connects the controller R with the pump motor M, the burner or the shut-off device.

Sü9i31 / 060O

electrically connected in parallel. The device D intervenes, according to its own program, the electrical Power supply of the pump motor, the burner or the Shut-off device.

The device according to the invention for automatically selecting heating programs operates under the influence of three Temperature sensors A, B and C in the manner indicated below.

If the outside temperature is below 3 ⁰ C, the thermostat A is open (Fig. 1) and the device D (Fig. 9) is switched off. The heating system works automatically. It is therefore not possible to save energy during these periods.

When the outside temperature is between 3 ⁰ C and 10 ⁰ C, the thermostat A is closed because the temperature is above its threshold value of 3 ⁰ C, while the thermostat B is open because the temperature is below 10 ⁰ C. The information given by the "winter" clock P ₂ is then available on the relay R, which operates its corresponding contact 2 according to a predetermined cycle (FIG. 2). The device D (FIG. 9) therefore performs a certain number of shutdowns in the heating operation at times and for time periods which are expediently selected.

When the outside temperature is between 10 ⁰ C and 16 ⁰ C (Fig. 3) the thermostat A is closed (since the temperature is greater than 3 ⁰ C) and the thermostat B is closed (since the temperature is above 10 ⁰ C). The information given by the "middle of the heating period" clock P ₁ is then available at the relay R, which actuates the corresponding contact 1. The device D then takes in the work sequence of the heating shutdowns, the number of which is greater or whose time spans are longer, always in an expedient manner.

§09831 / 0600

selected times.

If the outside temperature is greater than 16 ⁰ C (Fig. A), thermostat A is closed (temperature> 3 ⁰ C) / if thermostat B is closed (temperature> 10 ⁰ C), thermostat C is closed (temperature> 16 ⁰ C) and the relay R is energized and switches off the heating continuously, as the outside temperature indicates that the heating is superfluous.

The clock P ₃ programs savings during weekly cycles when the rooms are not occupied. Contact 3 is closed and thermostat A (+3 ⁰ C) then controls the system. If the outside temperature is above 3 ⁰ C (Fig. 5), the relay is therefore energized and makes predetermined heating shutdowns. On the other hand, when the outside temperature is below 3 ⁰ C (Fig. 6), the thermostat A is open, the relay R is no longer energized and the device for automatic selection of heating programs is switched off and the heating system works normally without shutdowns.

The manual frost protection switch 4 provides protection against Freezing or for not exceeding the minimum temperature, as in the case of the clock P_ during periods of non-occupancy, which are not provided for in the latter.

Therefore, during the school holidays or at similar times, switch 4 is closed by hand and thermostat A (+3 ⁰ C) controls the system, as in the previous case.

The following is an example of programmed heating shutdowns that are carried out with the device according to the invention without any loss of comfort.

1. Case of a building that is occupied from Monday to Saturday at 12 noon, from 8 a.m. to 12 p.m. and from 2 p.m. to 6 p.m.

§03831 / 0800

"Winter" program

programmed shutdowns from 9 to 10 h

from 11.30 a.m. to 1 p.m.

from 3pm to 4pm

from 5pm to 4am

"Mid-heating period" program programmed shutdowns from 9

from 11 from 15 from 17

"Week" program

programmed shutdowns from Saturday 11am

until Sunday 24 h

so 14.5 hours

up to 10.30 h ί

until 13.30 h I.

3 means 18

up to 16.30 h (hours up to 5.30 h) ⁽

so 37 hours

In the case of a residential building 9, 30th until 1 0, 30th H so 7.5 - "Winter" program 13th , 30 until 1 4, 30th H hours programmed shutdowns 16 , 30 until 1 7, 30th H from 23 until 2 H from 2 , 30 until 4th H from from from

- "Mid heating period" program programmed shutdowns

from 9 until 1 1 H from 13th until 1 5 H from 16 until 1 8th H from 23 until 2 H from 2.30 until 5, 30 h

_x therefore 12 \ hours

The energy savings achieved with a device according to the invention are of the order of magnitude 10-20% in the case of a residential building and from 15-50% in the case of a temporarily used building.

It should be noted that the operation of the device according to

l09 «31 / OS

the invention for the sake of simplicity with the help of an electromechanical System has been written, the latter of course, but by an electronic system or can be replaced by any other suitable system.

The same applies to the three external thermostats, which can be replaced by a single probe or a thermocouple or by any other measuring sensor, the information of which is fed to an amplifier, which generates the difference with the voltages output by setpoint potentxometers (+3 ⁰ C, +10 ⁰ C, +16 ⁰ C) controls three trigger circuits, which actuate three relays that can be equated with the three external thermostats.

It should also be noted that in the example described here, three outside sensors are used, which are three predetermined Define temperature threshold values, but of course a different number of outside sensors or of Outside temperature thresholds can be used.

Finally, the clocks used are /, for example, clocks with movements that have a power reserve. They are programmed either for one cycle per 24 hours by positioning movable pins, retractable stops, cams, etc., or for one Circulation every 7 days, which can be programmed as before.

The programming can be done step by step, on a diode matrix by counting and preselection or by any other suitable establishment.

1st Blank page

Claims (3)

Patent claims: ( 1.! Method for the automatic selection of heating programs, characterized by the following steps: measuring the outside temperature, putting into operation when the measured outside temperature is between a low first temperature threshold value and a middle second temperature threshold value, a first clock which is programmed in such a way that it shortened Triggers heating shutdown sequences, start-up when the measured outside temperature is above the middle second temperature threshold value but below a high temperature threshold value, a second clock that is programmed in such a way that it triggers long heating shutdown sequences, automatic shutdown of the heating when the outside temperature is above the high temperature threshold value and putting out of operation the first and second clocks that trigger the heating shutdown sequences when the measured outside temperature is below the low temperature threshold. 2. Device for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized by at least three temperature sensors, which define at least three outside temperature threshold values, namely a low first. 7 = r.pera-original threshold value, a middle second temperature threshold and a high third temperature threshold, and by at least two clocks that are programmed in such a way that they trigger appropriate heating shutdown sequences when the outside temperature between the first and the second temperature threshold or between the second and the third outside temperature threshold is, with devices for switching off the heating according to the programmed Sequences of the corresponding clock are provided. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the devices for switching off the heating are electromechanical devices such as contacts of a relay. _ba d