DE2860037D1 - Process for the preparation of aqueous dispersions or solutions of polyurethanes, their use as coatings forf lexible substrates - Google Patents

Process for the preparation of aqueous dispersions or solutions of polyurethanes, their use as coatings forf lexible substrates

Info

Publication number
DE2860037D1
DE2860037D1 DE7878100046T DE2860037T DE2860037D1 DE 2860037 D1 DE2860037 D1 DE 2860037D1 DE 7878100046 T DE7878100046 T DE 7878100046T DE 2860037 T DE2860037 T DE 2860037T DE 2860037 D1 DE2860037 D1 DE 2860037D1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
forf
lexible
polyurethanes
coatings
substrates
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DE7878100046T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Josef Dr Pedain
Klaus Dr Nachtkamp
Klaus Dr Noll
Jurgen Dr Grammel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bayer AG
Original Assignee
Bayer AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayer AG filed Critical Bayer AG
Priority to DE7878100046T priority Critical patent/DE2860037D1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE2860037D1 publication Critical patent/DE2860037D1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C08G18/0804—Manufacture of polymers containing ionic or ionogenic groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
DE7878100046T 1977-06-07 1978-06-01 Process for the preparation of aqueous dispersions or solutions of polyurethanes, their use as coatings forf lexible substrates Expired DE2860037D1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE7878100046T DE2860037D1 (en) 1977-06-07 1978-06-01 Process for the preparation of aqueous dispersions or solutions of polyurethanes, their use as coatings forf lexible substrates

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19772725589 DE2725589A1 (de) 1977-06-07 1977-06-07 Verfahren zur herstellung von waessrigen polyurethan-dispersionen und -loesungen
DE7878100046T DE2860037D1 (en) 1977-06-07 1978-06-01 Process for the preparation of aqueous dispersions or solutions of polyurethanes, their use as coatings forf lexible substrates

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE2860037D1 true DE2860037D1 (en) 1980-11-13

Family

ID=6010910

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE19772725589 Withdrawn DE2725589A1 (de) 1977-06-07 1977-06-07 Verfahren zur herstellung von waessrigen polyurethan-dispersionen und -loesungen
DE7878100046T Expired DE2860037D1 (en) 1977-06-07 1978-06-01 Process for the preparation of aqueous dispersions or solutions of polyurethanes, their use as coatings forf lexible substrates

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE19772725589 Withdrawn DE2725589A1 (de) 1977-06-07 1977-06-07 Verfahren zur herstellung von waessrigen polyurethan-dispersionen und -loesungen

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US4829122A (de)
EP (1) EP0000029B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS543196A (de)
AT (1) AT371487B (de)
AU (1) AU516678B2 (de)
BR (1) BR7803624A (de)
CA (1) CA1129128A (de)
DE (2) DE2725589A1 (de)
ES (1) ES470537A1 (de)
IT (1) IT1104711B (de)

Families Citing this family (84)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2811148A1 (de) * 1978-03-15 1979-09-20 Bayer Ag Verfahren zur herstellung von waessrigen polyurethan-dispersionen und -loesungen
DE2843790A1 (de) * 1978-10-06 1980-04-17 Bayer Ag Verfahren zur herstellung von waessrigen dispersionen oder loesungen von polyurethan-polyharnstoffen, die nach diesem verfahren erhaeltlichen dispersionen oder loesungen, sowie ihre verwendung
DE3048085A1 (de) 1980-12-19 1982-07-22 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Dispersionen von sulfonatgruppen aufweisenden polymeren, ein verfahren zu ihrer herstellung, sowie ihre verwendung als beschichtungsmittel
DE3137748A1 (de) * 1981-09-23 1983-03-31 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Verfahren zur herstellung von hitzeaktivierbare vernetzer enthaltenden waessrigen dispersionen oder loesungen von polyurethan-polyharnstoffen, die nach dem verfahren erhaeltlichen dispersionen oder loesungen, sowie ihre verwendung zur herstellung von ueberzuegen
IT1153000B (it) 1982-07-01 1987-01-14 Resem Spa Dispersioni acquose di poliuretani da oligouretani aventi gruppi terminali insaturi
DE3313237A1 (de) * 1983-04-13 1984-10-18 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Waessrige, vernetzerhaltige polyurethanzubereitungen und ihre verwendung zur thermoaktiv-einstrich-umkehrbeschichtung
US4748200A (en) * 1986-03-18 1988-05-31 Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. Thermosetting resins and electrodeposition coating compositions containing the same
DE3621706A1 (de) * 1986-06-28 1988-01-07 Bayer Ag Verfahren zur herstellung von isocyanatgruppen aufweisenden prepolymeren, die nach diesem verfahren erhaeltlichen prepolymeren und ihre verwendung als bindemittel in einkomponentenlacken
DE3630045A1 (de) * 1986-09-04 1988-03-17 Bayer Ag Klebstoff und die verwendung des klebstoffs zur herstellung von verklebungen
DE3828157A1 (de) * 1988-08-19 1990-02-22 Hoechst Ag Verwendung von polyurethanharzen fuer waessrige fuellerzusammensetzungen
DE4016713A1 (de) * 1990-05-24 1991-11-28 Bayer Ag Waessrige polymerdispersionen und deren verwendung als beschichtungsmittel fuer textile substrate und leder
US5095069A (en) * 1990-08-30 1992-03-10 Ppg Industries, Inc. Internally-curable water-based polyurethanes
US5214086A (en) † 1991-09-04 1993-05-25 Basf Corporation Coating compositions which may be ambient cured
JP3197130B2 (ja) * 1993-12-27 2001-08-13 第一工業製薬株式会社 熱架橋性ポリウレタンエマルジョン組成物
DE4418157A1 (de) 1994-05-25 1995-11-30 Basf Ag Thermokoagulierbare wässerige Polyurethan-Dispersionen
US5569706A (en) * 1995-06-02 1996-10-29 Bayer Corporation Aqueous polyurea dispersions with improved hardness and solvent resistance
DE19523103A1 (de) * 1995-06-26 1997-01-02 Bayer Ag Wäßrige Bindemittelkombination mit langer Verarbeitungszeit, ein Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung
EP0774475A3 (de) 1995-11-17 1997-10-01 Basf Ag Wässerige Dispersionen enthaltend ein Polyurethan mit oximblockierten Isocyanatgruppen und/oder Carbonylgruppen in Keto- oder Aldehydfunktion
DE19719925A1 (de) * 1997-05-13 1998-11-19 Basf Ag Wäßrige Dispersionen aminogruppenhaltiger Polyurethane
US6325887B1 (en) * 1998-04-30 2001-12-04 Morton International, Inc. Heat-activatable polyurethane/urea adhesive in aqueous dispersion
KR100746464B1 (ko) 1999-12-23 2007-08-03 아크조 노벨 엔.브이. 부가 중합체 및 폴리우레탄을 포함하는 수성 코팅 조성물
US7459167B1 (en) 2000-07-27 2008-12-02 3M Innovative Properties Company Biocidal polyurethane compositions and methods of use
DE10133789A1 (de) * 2001-07-16 2003-02-06 Basf Ag Wässrige Dispersionen für hydrolysefeste Beschichtungen
US20040092622A1 (en) * 2002-07-01 2004-05-13 Pearlstine Kathryn Amy Inkjet ink with reduced bronzing
US20060148970A1 (en) * 2003-09-26 2006-07-06 Kazuo Kuba Water base dispersion of polyurethane resin, and water base adhesive and water base primer coating agent containing the same
US20050215663A1 (en) * 2004-01-21 2005-09-29 Berge Charles T Inkjet inks containing crosslinked polyurethanes
ES2638863T3 (es) 2005-02-24 2017-10-24 Basf Se Dispersiones acuosas de poliuretano endurecibles por radiación
ES2330793T5 (es) * 2005-12-15 2012-12-07 Akzo Nobel Coatings International Bv Sistema de revestimiento de múltiples capas
US20080039582A1 (en) * 2006-07-28 2008-02-14 Hari Babu Sunkara Polytrimethylene ether-based polyurethane ionomers
DE102006036220A1 (de) 2006-08-03 2008-02-07 Clariant International Limited Polyetheramin-Makromonomere mit zwei benachbarten Hydroxylgruppen und ihre Verwendung zur Herstellung von Polyurethanen
US20080175875A1 (en) * 2006-09-25 2008-07-24 Hari Babu Sunkara Cosmetic compositions
EP1918314A1 (de) 2006-10-31 2008-05-07 Sika Technology AG Polyurethanzusammensetzung mit guter Anfangsfestigkeit
EP2125922B1 (de) 2006-12-22 2012-10-31 Basf Se Mikrokapseln, enthaltend verbindungen mit carbodiimidgruppen
DE102008000270A1 (de) 2007-02-14 2008-08-28 Basf Se Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyurethandispersionen mit geringem Gehalt an hochsiedenden Lösungsmitteln
DE102008000478A1 (de) 2007-03-05 2008-09-11 Basf Se Polyurethan-Dispersionen mit Polyethercarbonatpolyolen als Aufbaukomponente
EP1975187A1 (de) * 2007-03-28 2008-10-01 Sika Technology AG Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyurethanzusammensetzungen mit niedrigem Isocyanat-Monomergehalt
DE102007026196A1 (de) 2007-06-04 2008-12-11 Basf Se Verfahren zur Herstellung wasseremulgierbarer Polyurethanacrylate
US20130022746A9 (en) * 2007-12-10 2013-01-24 Harry Joseph Spinelli Aqueous inkjet inks with ionically stabilized dispersions and polyurethane ink additives
US20090259012A1 (en) * 2007-12-10 2009-10-15 Roberts C Chad Urea-terminated ether polyurethanes and aqueous dispersions thereof
US9410010B2 (en) 2007-12-10 2016-08-09 E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company Urea-terminated polyurethane dispersants
DE102008004178A1 (de) 2008-01-11 2009-07-16 Basf Se Textile Flächengebilde, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung
DE102008014211A1 (de) 2008-03-14 2009-09-17 Bayer Materialscience Ag Wässrige Dispersion aus anionisch modifizierten Polyurethanharnstoffen zur Beschichtung eines textilen Flächengebildes
US8186822B2 (en) * 2008-05-08 2012-05-29 E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company Inkjet inks containing crosslinked polyurethanes
WO2009143441A1 (en) 2008-05-23 2009-11-26 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Urea-terminated polyurethane dispersants
JP2011523964A (ja) * 2008-05-23 2011-08-25 イー・アイ・デュポン・ドウ・ヌムール・アンド・カンパニー 自己分散顔料とポリウレタンインク添加剤とを有するインクジェットインク
ATE539131T1 (de) 2008-08-26 2012-01-15 Basf Se Klebstoffzusammensetzung für selbstklebende, wiederablösbare artikel auf basis von adhäsiven polymeren und organischen nanopartikeln
EP2419465B1 (de) 2009-04-14 2014-09-03 Basf Se Verwendung von polyurethanklebstoff aus polyesterdiolen, polyetherdiolen und silanverbindungen zur herstellung folienbeschichteter möbel
WO2010118948A1 (de) 2009-04-14 2010-10-21 Basf Se Klebstoff aus polymeren mit kristallinen domänen, amorphem polyurethan und silanverbindungen
DE102010043486A1 (de) 2009-11-16 2011-05-19 Basf Se Kaschierverfahren unter Verwendung von Carbodiimid- und Harnstoffgruppen enthaltenden Klebstoffen
EP2388283A1 (de) 2010-05-18 2011-11-23 Bayer MaterialScience AG Verfahren zur Einstellung der Viskosität von anionischen Polyurethandispersionen
WO2011150301A1 (en) 2010-05-27 2011-12-01 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Fixer inks for use with ink jet inks
US8956497B2 (en) 2010-07-29 2015-02-17 Basf Se Biodisintegratable composite foils
EP2598546B1 (de) 2010-07-29 2019-04-10 Basf Se Biologisch desintegrierbare verbundfolien
US9089624B2 (en) 2010-08-23 2015-07-28 Basf Se Ultrathin fluid-absorbent cores comprising adhesive and having very low dry SAP loss
EP2655458B1 (de) 2010-12-20 2017-02-22 Basf Se Verfahren zur herstellung von polyurethan-polyacrylat-hybrid dispersionen
DE102011015459A1 (de) 2011-03-29 2012-10-04 Basf Se Polyurethane, ihre Herstellung und Verwendung
US8841369B2 (en) 2011-03-30 2014-09-23 Basf Se Latently reactive polyurethane dispersion with activatable crosslinking
WO2012130711A2 (de) 2011-03-30 2012-10-04 Basf Se Latent reaktive polyurethandispersion mit aktivierbarer vernetzung
EP2721085A1 (de) 2011-06-14 2014-04-23 Basf Se Strahlungshärtbare wässrige polyurethandispersionen
BR112014013558A2 (pt) 2011-12-09 2017-06-13 Basf Se uso de dispersões aquosas de poliuretano para laminação de folha fina compósita, processo para produzir folhas finas compósitas, e, folha fina compósita
US9005762B2 (en) 2011-12-09 2015-04-14 Basf Se Use of aqueous polyurethane dispersions for composite foil lamination
EP2869988B1 (de) 2012-07-04 2017-06-14 Basf Se Verklebtes verpackungssystem für lebensmittel
WO2014044562A1 (en) 2012-09-18 2014-03-27 Basf Se Polymers comprising a polyurethane backbone endcapped with reactive (meth)acrylic terminating groups and their use as adhesives
WO2014067833A1 (de) 2012-11-02 2014-05-08 Basf Se Verwendung von wässrigen polyurethandispersionen zur kaschierung von formkörpern
ES2833098T3 (es) 2013-02-22 2021-06-14 Basf Se Procedimiento para la producción de preparaciones de poliuretano acuosas
RU2656392C2 (ru) 2013-10-16 2018-06-06 Басф Се Способ получения водоэмульгируемых полиуретанакрилатов
DE102014204582A1 (de) 2014-03-12 2015-09-17 Basf Se Neue Polymerdispersionen
EP3174944B1 (de) 2014-07-31 2020-08-26 DuPont Electronics, Inc. Wässrige tintenstrahltinten mit amphoterem polyurethan als bindemittel
JP2017532386A (ja) 2014-08-01 2017-11-02 ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアＢａｓｆ Ｓｅ ポリウレタン−ポリアクリレートハイブリッド水性分散液の製造方法および使用ならびに被覆剤におけるその使用
CN107001903B (zh) 2014-12-05 2020-03-06 巴斯夫欧洲公司 包含聚氨酯和乙氧基化脂肪醇的水性粘合剂分散体
BR112017012285A2 (pt) 2014-12-09 2018-04-24 Basf Coatings Gmbh dispersão aquosa de poliuretano-poliureia e tinta de base aquosa contendo a dispersão citada.
WO2016162215A1 (de) 2015-04-07 2016-10-13 Basf Se Polymerdispersionen enthaltend n-acylpyrrolidine
GB2559938B (en) 2015-11-18 2022-07-06 Cabot Corp Inkjet ink compositions
US10385261B2 (en) 2017-08-22 2019-08-20 Covestro Llc Coated particles, methods for their manufacture and for their use as proppants
JP2020533446A (ja) 2017-09-07 2020-11-19 キャボット コーポレイションＣａｂｏｔ Ｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｉｏｎ インクジェット用インク組成物
US20200270487A1 (en) 2017-10-11 2020-08-27 Basf Se Protective films made of polyolefin support material, primer and radiation-crosslinkable hot melt adhesive
EP3755753B1 (de) 2018-02-21 2022-07-27 Basf Se Verfahren zur herstellung von mit klebstoff beschichteten artikeln
WO2019197234A1 (en) 2018-04-13 2019-10-17 Basf Se Oxygen scavenging aqueous lamination adhesive composition
CN113260510B (zh) 2019-01-11 2023-09-15 巴斯夫欧洲公司 使用凹版辊系统的膜涂覆方法
EP4114875A1 (de) 2020-03-02 2023-01-11 Basf Se Biodisintegrierbare verbundfolien unter verwendung von heimkompostierbedingungen
EP4161768A1 (de) 2020-06-09 2023-04-12 Basf Se Verfahren zur wiederverwertung von gebundenen gegenständen
CN116897197A (zh) 2021-02-24 2023-10-17 巴斯夫欧洲公司 包含生物可降解的水性聚氨酯压敏胶黏剂的不干胶标签
CN117157349A (zh) 2021-04-22 2023-12-01 巴斯夫欧洲公司 用于制备涂覆成型体的方法和涂覆成型体的用途
WO2023117969A1 (en) 2021-12-21 2023-06-29 Basf Se Environmental attributes for materials

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1064842A (en) * 1963-02-04 1967-04-12 Ici Ltd New aldimines and ketimines
DE1770068C3 (de) * 1968-03-27 1981-01-15 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polyurethanen Bayer AG, 5090 Leverkusen
US4108814A (en) * 1974-09-28 1978-08-22 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Aqueous polyurethane dispersions from solvent-free prepolymers using sulfonate diols

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6237648B2 (de) 1987-08-13
EP0000029A1 (de) 1978-12-20
CA1129128A (en) 1982-08-03
BR7803624A (pt) 1979-02-20
AU516678B2 (en) 1981-06-18
ATA406278A (de) 1982-11-15
IT1104711B (it) 1985-10-28
EP0000029B1 (de) 1980-07-23
AT371487B (de) 1983-06-27
JPS543196A (en) 1979-01-11
IT7849700A0 (it) 1978-06-05
US4829122A (en) 1989-05-09
AU3690278A (en) 1979-12-13
ES470537A1 (es) 1979-01-01
DE2725589A1 (de) 1978-12-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE2860037D1 (en) Process for the preparation of aqueous dispersions or solutions of polyurethanes, their use as coatings forf lexible substrates
DE3063317D1 (en) Process for preparing stable aqueous dispersions of oligo- or polyurethanes, and their use as coating agents for flexible or non-flexible substrates
DE2960548D1 (en) Process for the preparation of aqueous solutions or dispersions of polyurethanes and their use for the preparation of coatings or lacquers
IT1083425B (it) Procedimento e dispositivo per la produzione di rivestimenti mediante polveriazzazione catodica reattiva
IL56883A0 (en) Phenoxy-alkanecarboxylic acid derivatives,their productionand their use as herbicides
AU518523B2 (en) Aqueous coating composition
AU510412B2 (en) Preparation of aqueous dispersions or solutions of polyurethanes
PT65451B (en) Process for the preparation of paints containing aqueous plastic dispersions
DE2861246D1 (en) Process for the solvent-free coating of substrates
DE2960711D1 (en) Aqueous solutions or dispersions of polyisocyanate-polyaddition products, a process for their preparation and their use as adhesives
IL54052A0 (en) The production of d,1-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid and its salts
DE2857516D1 (en) Process for the preparation of 1-amino-8-hydroxy-naphthalene-3,6-disulphonic acid (h acid).
DE2860043D1 (en) Process for the preparation of aqueous solutions or finely divided aqueous dispersions from polyenyltriarylphosphonium salts
ZA765599B (en) Process for the preparation of coatings
GB2005689B (en) Process for the prperation of sarcosine oxidase
DE2960083D1 (en) Phenoxypropanoic acid derivatives, process for their preparation and their use as herbicides
IT7820666A0 (it) Procedimento per produrre sostanze di rivestimento o vernici acquose.
NL7515240A (nl) Werkwijze ter bereiding van bekledingsmengsel voor glasvezels, werkwijze voor het bekleden hiermede, alsmede de aldus verkregen glasve- zels.
GB2014189B (en) Processes for the electrodeposition of composite coatings
ATE2852T1 (de) Verfahren zur entchlorung des anolyten einer alkalichlorid-elektrolysezelle.
AU3664878A (en) Treatment of aqueous dispersions
IT7868507A0 (it) Procedimento per la preparazione di composizioni polimeriche acquose per rivestimento catodicodi substratu metallici
ZA787185B (en) Processes for the electrodeposition of composite coatings
PT68520A (en) Process for preparing substituted imides of the n-phenyl-succinic acid with fungicidal activity
GB2005675A (en) Process for producting canuric acid

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
8339 Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee