DE2835412A1 - Ski-wear multilayer fabric - has a polyester foam core layer bonded to outer and inner layers - Google Patents

Abstract

Multi-layered fabric comprises a permeable foam material used as a core layer between the outer and inner layers. The outer layers are of a stretched fabric, with a >=2 mm. thick foam layer bonded between them. The foam layer is an open-cell polyester foam film and is =5 mm. thick. It is permeable and allows moisture to pass through. The stretch fabric for the inner layer of the fabric is a knit with tufts of both sides, e.g. one-third cotton and two-thirds stretch yarn. The outer layer is a stretch knit with tricot and/or twill characteristics, of stretch yarns with a water-resistant outer surface. The fabric can be worked easily, remains stable and can be shaped into garments without risk of the layers distorting or being relatively displaced.

Description

Multi-layer fabric and method for its manufacture

The invention relates to multi-layer fabrics for the manufacture of clothing, in particular ski clothing and a process for the production thereof.

In terms of fabrics for sportswear, especially skiwear A multitude of demands are made by consumers, which were previously For example, materials that are not processed into ski clothing, or only partially have been fulfilled. Fabrics for ski clothing, for example, should be on the outside be water-repellent, on the other hand, however, on the inside, e.g. as a result of perspiration absorb moisture and pass it through in liquid or gaseous form remove the substance through to the surface and release it there. Furthermore should Such materials protect against drafts and wind from outside, i.e. wind-repellent be air-permeable and breathable from the inside.

Another requirement for fabrics, especially for ski clothing, is sufficient thermal insulation at low outside temperatures, if possible but at the same time sufficient heat dissipation when the wearer is exerting themselves of the item of clothing or at relatively high outside temperatures.

It is used by fabrics for ski wear and a variety of other sportswear also required of the customers that they have a high elasticity, whereby but only relatively low elongation forces to maintain full freedom of movement should be required.

In this context, a strong reshaping or

Recovery ability to avoid bulges in the knee, elbow and buttocks area required. Finally, the material should be on the outside if possible high mechanical resistance to fiber abrasion, pilling and thread pulling own, but the outer skin must not be too smooth to achieve a satisfactory To give slip resistance. But this means that functions of a tissue and a knitted fabric should be connected, with the buyer also a woven fabric Give preference to appearance.

So far it has not been possible to produce one substance that contains all of them above-mentioned Iorders filled. Mostly it was used in the manufacture of ski clothing therefore proceeded so that the garment consists of several separate layers, for example the outer fabric, a lining and a filling. Such a thing However, the procedure has both disadvantages in terms of processing technology and disadvantages with regard to it the resilience of the material. It is to be expected, for example, that components of the material arranged as a filling between the outer fabric and the lining, for example a fleece, pass through the outer fabric or that the insulating Fleece or other layer shifts, unless a corresponding one is caused by quilting seams Fixation is made. The application of topstitching seams, of course, is detrimental the appearance of the garment and also makes it more time-consuming to manufacture, so that the cost increases.

The invention is now based on the object of a multi-layer fabric to create, which is basically able to with appropriate choice of the different If the requirements set out above were to be met as far as possible, but at the same time it is easy to process as well as a satisfactory one Has durability and dimensional stability.

To solve this problem it is proposed to use the multi-layer fabric in such a way that it has a cover layer made of moisture-permeable foam includes, on each side a layer serving as a lining layer or cover layer is bonded from elastically stretchable textile material, the foam layer is at least 2 mm, preferably 2 to 5 mm, thick.

Tests have shown that a substance of this training Can be processed very well into sportswear, especially skiwear, in particular also because its thickness is so small that processing without additional Action does not cause difficulties. Due to the fixed connection of deck and lining layers with the foam middle layer there is also no risk of that serving for thermal insulation foam middle layer compared to the two other layers shifts, so that one made of the substance according to the invention manufactured garment retains its flawless appearance for a long time. the The thickness of the fabric is still so small that items of clothing are made from it does not have an unnatural appearance, in particular does not appear as "stiff" as up to now this has often been observed in padded items of clothing. Of the In terms of its structure, the substance according to the invention therefore usually complies with a Material for the production of sportswear in principle to be made requirements.

To ensure proper moisture dissipation on the inside, for example in case of perspiration, to ensure it is beneficial if the lining layer is off an absorbent, moisture-wicking material.

When using a feed of this type, the main result is Local perspiration, for example in the armpits or on comparable Places, comfortable to wear, as the moisture that occurs there is relative is quickly distributed on the inside over a relatively large area. Outgoing the moisture can then be removed from this large area without major difficulties can be discharged to the outside, even if the top layer only has a low moisture permeability should own. The foam middle layer probably also contributes to this, which may be during wearing due to their ongoing movement and thus the constant Changes in the size of the pores can develop a kind of "pumping effect".

A bilaterally elastically stretchable lining layer can advantageously be used as the lining layer Fluff knitted fabrics are used, which are on the one hand very pleasant on the skin, on the other hand but also does not hinder movement.

Another lining material that is preferred is one Interlock goods with elasticity on both sides, for example a single jersey or Half-terry. Interlock goods are primarily characterized by their relatively low value Thick and great durability.

In order to give the lining sufficient elasticity, it is provided that about 2/3 of cotton yarn and about 1/3 of elastic yarn or thread consists.

As already mentioned, the foam middle layer should be moisture-permeable be, on the other hand, a satisfactory wind-repellent and heat-insulating Have an effect. This can be achieved if the foam middle layer is formed by an open-cell polyester foam sheet.

Particular attention should be paid to the top layer in general because this is true for the appearance of the item of clothing, even after a certain amount Wearing time, is largely responsible. To achieve particularly good wearing properties, in particular, sufficient elasticity with low forces required is it is advantageous if the top layer is made of a knitted fabric that is elastically stretchable on both sides is formed.

However, a knitted fabric very often gives the customer the impression that as if it was a cheaper quality. As a result, with sought of the invention to propose a knitted fabric for the cover layer, which however, it can in principle also be used for other purposes, which is why this Independent protection is claimed, which is very similar in appearance to a fabric is. This can be achieved in that the knitted fabric is a double-bar warp knitted fabric with cloth or jersey laying on one rail and twill laying on the other rail is. The different layers of the warp fabric create an appearance which is very similar to that of a fabric. The structure of this knitted fabric is appropriate made in such a way that the cloth or tricot laying is made of a highly elastic thread is formed, while for the twill weave a synthetic fiber, e.g. a polyamide thread, is used. In this way, sufficient, preferably textured, material is obtained Elasticity, but at the same time sufficient stability, including of course mechanical strength, i.e. resistance to abrasion, stringing, etc.

In the aforementioned knitted fabric, the highly elastic one is favorably Thread is a nylon covered yarn with a fineness of about 80 dtex, while the Synthetic fiber has a fineness of about 50 to 70 dtex. In addition to the delicacy of the Thread naturally contributes to the fabric-like appearance of the knitted fabric according to the invention also the fineness of the knitted fabric itself, whereby advantageously the mesh and / or The number of wales in the warp fabric is about 15 to 25 per cm. Will the above If all the conditions are met, a knitted fabric is obtained which has the good properties of the knitted fabric, in particular its elasticity and resilience, on the other hand but has such a surface fineness that it has a sense of quality can be equated absolutely with a fine tissue.

Sufficient elasticity can be found when using the knitted fabric for the fabric according to the invention already achieve when the knitted fabric approx. 15 % consists of highly elastic threads.

Protection against moisture penetration of the clothing item from the outside can be achieved in a known manner in that at least the top layer is water-repellent.

Despite the water-repellent finish of the top layer, however Applications are conceivable in which moisture can penetrate from the outside must be feared inside.

This applies, for example, to ski suits if you are going to wear them for a longer period of time rides in a drag lift whose lift bracket is iced up.

The body heat melts the ice on the bar and the resulting water migrates through as a result of the relatively high contact pressure through the fabric, even if it should be water-repellent. Consequently For example, the pants of a ski suit would have to be absolutely impermeable to water in the area of the buttocks be. This can be achieved in a substance according to the invention in that between the cover layer and the foam layer adjoining the lining layer at least in some areas, namely where there is absolute impermeability to water it is desirable to have an additional layer of material which is not very permeable to moisture is bonded in. For example, it would be possible to use a longitudinal strip of fabric to be additionally equipped according to the invention, in which case the blank, as will be explained further below, are placed in a corresponding manner would have to.

The little water-permeable additional layer can, for example, consist of consist of a high-density foam. Another possibility is that the additional layer of a fleece od.

Like. exists and with the help of another, between her or

the middle layer and the top layer arranged thin foam layer is bonded together with the top layer.

The extra layer of foam is required to make a connection between the cover layer and the additional layer that cannot be bonded per se. The further thin foam layer can either only be in the area of the additional layer be arranged or if they are sufficiently permeable to moisture is, across the entire width of the S.o-fbahn. Instead of bonding by means of a Foam layer could also be used to laminate a material that cannot be directly bonded, e.g. using an adhesive.

In addition to the multi-layer material per se, the invention also relates to it Another bonding process for its production, the foam being superficial melted and the top layer or lining layer by means of rollers to the melted Surface of the foam are pressed. The essence of the invention The method is that the cover and lining layers during the bonding process be stretched in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction by about 5 to 20%. So it happens the application of the top or lining layer to the foam middle layer below a certain preload, which has very important advantages. Provided namely the top and lining layer without a preamble to the relatively thick one The foam middle layer would have to be bonded to the ground as a result of the resulting "Plywood effect" when the fabric is bent, be it during the manufacture of the garment, be it especially during wearing, it can be expected that either the Lining or top layer, namely the inner layer in the arch, Wrinkles, which would seriously affect the appearance. It would continue, of course such wrinkling hinders the bending movement of the material. In the end there would even be the risk of damage in the area of the wrinkles that are created of the substance comes. All of this can be prevented if the lining and top layer are bonded to the foam layer under a pretension of 5 to 20%, because then the length of each on the inside of the bent area The layer located can be shortened according to the curvature and it does not lead to wrinkling comes. On the other hand, if the bias is only 5 to 20%, still is there is sufficient space to stretch to allow walking along the outside of the arch to enable the layer located there.

The outer or lining layer is stretched, for example, via special rollers pulling these layers outwards during the bonding process and, if necessary, by choosing different speeds for the conveyance of the foam and the other two layers, with the preload of course must be reached and maintained at the same time when the cover and liner layer on top of the foam core for bonding. Depending on The intended use can be a pretensioning only in the longitudinal or also only in the transverse direction take place. In general, however, one will proceed so that one in both directions Appropriate bias is not available when processing the fabric To have to take this circumstance into account.

Further features, details and advantages of the invention result from the following description of two embodiments of a substance according to the Invention based on the drawing. A more detailed explanation of the procedure appears not necessary, as the specialist is able without special instructions, the desired pre-tension for the cover or lining layer during bonding to produce by providing the bonding machine with additional stretching devices.

In the drawing show: Fig. 1 is a section by a first embodiment of a fabric according to the invention; Fig. 2 a Section through a second embodiment in which there is an additional layer in some areas and Figure 3 is a plan view of a portion of a web of fabric according to FIG. 2, with cutouts for trousers being indicated schematically.

The composite shown in Figure 1 comprises a middle layer 1, a top layer 2 and a lining layer 3.

The middle layer 1 is a moisture-permeable foam, in the present case an open-cell polyester foam sheet with a thickness of at least 2, preferably 2 to 5 mm.

Both the cover layer 2 and the lining layer 3 consist of an elastically stretchable textile material and are on the foam middle layer 1 bonded. "Bonding" is understood to mean an application of the textile Layers 3, 2 on the foam layer 1 such that the surface of the foam middle layer 1 by means of appropriate flame strips or the like. Melted in a continuous process and while the surfaces of layer 1 are still soft, the layers 2, 3 are pressed, so that when solidifying the surface layers of the foam 1, the cover layer 2 and the lining layer 3 are fixed to the foam middle layer 1 because material of the foam middle layer is still in the molten state 1 either partially penetrates into layers 2, 3 or at least Threads of these layers flow around the border area to layer 1.

The lining layer 3 consists of about 2/3 of cotton yarn and about 1/3 made of elastic yarn. It is an interlock product, or - what by dip special daretelluna are indicated sol - m rrottee. particularly good Wear properties can be determined, for example, when the lining layer 3 is formed as a semi-terry cloth, as this material is very comfortable on the skin. the Lining layer 3 is still, as the drawing shows, relatively thick, which is above all also leads to a very good absorbency and the lining layer 3 the ability gives to pass moisture in a satisfactory manner, so that also stronger Moisture accumulation layer relatively quickly over a large area of the lining is distributed.

Of course, the lining layer 3 does not necessarily have to be an interlock product be. For example, a lining layer that is elastically stretchable on both sides could also be used as a lining layer Fleece knitted fabrics can be used. It is only essential for the lining layer 3 that on the one hand it has good absorbency and on the other hand it has sufficient elasticity, in order to be able to be stretched far enough in both directions, in particular also a pre-tension already during the bonding process in the order of magnitude of 5 up to 20% ~ should be possible. The elasticity of the lining layer 3 results naturally also from the fact that it consists to a considerable extent of elastic yarn.

In particular, it is also essential for the durability of the substance the cover layer 2. This cover layer can, for example, consist of a bilaterally elastically stretchable Terrycloth or Knitted fabrics are formed, this knitted fabric for production a fabric-like appearance with good strength a double-rail warp knitted fabric with cloth or jersey laying on one rail and twill laying on the other rail can be. In this case, the following weave results for a two-tier warp knitted fabric when manufacturing on a chain chair: L 1: 1-2 / 1-o /! Cloth = jersey L 2: 2-3 / 0-2 // Twill The material for layer L 1 can be an elastomer with a fineness of 80 dtex, for example a highly elastic thread wound with nylon, is used will. A synthetic fiber, e.g. a polyamide fiber, can be used for layer L 2 with a fineness of about 50 dtex, preferably between 50 and 70 dtex. Such fibers are available, for example, under the trade names Lycra or Dorlastan.

The finished product has a share of about 15% of the highly elastic Thread and about 85% synthetic fiber.

The proportion can be adjusted depending on the finishing of the threads fluctuate somewhat depending on the desired properties of use.

The chain chair is adjusted so that the number of stitches and the number of courses per cm is about 15-25. Let good results can be achieved, for example, with 20 rows of stitches per cm. The finished material should be a Have a surface weight of around 280 g / m2. For certain purposes it could of course also use a finer material, in which the number of rows of stitches per cm is at the lower limit of the above-mentioned range and is a basis weight in the order of 200 g / m2.

The cover layer 2 becomes water-repellent in the majority of cases equip. In addition, equipment can also be used in the usual way Color, light, rub, perspiration and wash fastness can be made. The for this necessary measures and means are generally known, so that they are not in the must be explained individually.

The top layer 2 is what already emerges from the bond and the The materials used results in a relatively high elasticity. During the bonding process should also the top layer 2, as has already been done with regard to the lining layer 3 has been explained to be stretched by 5 to 20% in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction, taking the decision as to the direction of stretch from the desired insert purpose and the properties of the material used, especially its elasticity depends in the longitudinal or transverse direction.

This can be done by choosing the bond and the materials used exert influence to a large extent.

It should also be pointed out that the substance according to the invention of course also dyed in the usual way or, like this, from other fabrics is known, can be equipped.

The material according to FIG. 2 corresponds with regard to the middle layer 11, the cover layer 12 and the lining layer 13 in principle to that of FIG. 1. One difference it can be seen, however, that, as can be seen in particular from the top view of FIG lets in the one on the right in the drawing Area 14 of the panel 15 an additional layer 16 is provided, which is largely moisture-proof. This additional layer 16 could, for example, be a correspondingly highly compressed one Be foam. In this case, the cover layer 12 could be directly connected to the layer 16 and these are connected to the layer 11 by bonding.

In the embodiment shown, however, there is the additional layer 16 made of another, non-melting material, for example a fleece. the end for this reason there is another thin foam layer 17 between the additional layer 16 and the cover layer 12 in the area 14 or in the other areas of the fabric web 15 is provided between the middle layer 11 and the cover layer 12.

This further foam layer 17 should be in a similar manner as the middle layer 11 be permeable to moisture. She essentially just has the task of serving as a connection between layers 12 and 16.

The area 14 in which the additional layer 16 is provided should largely be impermeable to moisture, e.g. in a finished ski suit processed where the buttocks are when in use. This can be E.g. easily achieved by cutting the blanks 18 for the ski suit in the manner shown in Fig. 3, i.e., the respective upper part of the Blanks 18 in area 14, the leg area in which there is no additional layer 16 Area 19.

Of course, it would also be possible to use the additional layer 16 in other to be attached than the areas shown, which may be more favorable in terms of cutting technology Conditions would be achievable, absolutely because yes with the location of the cuts According to FIG. 3, a relatively high proportion of waste is produced. It would be e.g. conceivable, two strips of the additional layer 16 near the two side edges to allow the web of fabric 15 to run, the blanks 18 then alternating could be placed with the top to the right and left. This would have to be The result is that a suitably equipped with an additional layer in the leg area circumferential stripe would be present. Such a stripe in the leg area k (irlnte e.g.

with ski pants an additional protection against moisture penetration of the Skiing form particularly endangered leg ends.

Furthermore, it would be conceivable to provide only one with an additional layer To provide strips and then to lay the cutouts in such a way that the The front trousers form the additional layer at the bottom of the leg, while the rear trousers the additional layer is on top. This way you will actually only get the one at a time particularly endangered areas (buttocks, front leg endings) due to the additional layer protected, but not the permeability of the fabric in the other areas reduced.

At the same time, the blanks can be arranged so that only a little Waste is created.

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Claims (18)

Claims 1. Multi-layer fabric for the manufacture of clothing, in particular Ski clothing, characterized in that it has a middle layer (1, 11) made of moisture-permeable Foam includes, on each side one as a lining layer (3, 13) or cover layer (2, 12) serving layer of elastically stretchable textile material is bonded, wherein the foam layer (1, 11) is at least 2 mm thick. 2. Fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the Foam middle layer (1, 11) is 2 to 5 mm. 3. Fabric according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lining layer (3, 13) consists of an absorbent, moisture-transmitting material. 4. Fabric according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the lining layer (3, 13) is a fleece fabric that is elastically stretchable on both sides serves. 5. Fabric according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the lining layer (3, 13) is an interlock product with elasticity on both sides, for example, a single jersey or semi-terry cloth is used. 6. Fabric according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the Lining layer (3, 13) about two thirds of cotton yarn and about one third consists of an elastic thread. 7. Fabric according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the foam middle layer (1, 11) consists of an open-cell polyester foam sheet is formed. 8. Fabric according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the cover layer (2, 12) is formed by a knitted fabric that is elastically stretchable on both sides is. 9. Fabric according to claim 8, characterized in that the knitted fabric a double-rail warp knitted fabric with cloth or Tricot-laying on one rail and twill-laying on the other rail is. 10. Fabric according to claim 9, characterized in that the cloth or Tricot laying is formed by a highly elastic thread, while for the twill laying a synthetic fiber such as a polyamide thread is used. 11. Fabric according to claim 10, characterized in that the highly elastic Thread is a nylon covered yarn with a fineness of about 80 dtex, while the synthetic fiber has a fineness of about 50 to 70 dtex. preferably more textured 12. Substance according to one of the Claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the number of stitches and / or wales of the warp fabric is about 15 to 25 per cm. 13. Fabric according to one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that that the knitted fabric consists of about 15% highly elastic threads. 14. Fabric according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that at least the cover layer (2, 12) is made water-repellent. 15. Fabric according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that between the cover layer (12) and the adjoining the lining layer (13) Foam layer (11) at least in certain areas (14) an additional layer (16) is bonded to a material that is not very permeable to moisture. 16. Fabric according to claim 15, characterized in that the additional layer (16) consists of a high-density foam. 17. Fabric according to claim 15, characterized in that the additional layer (16) of a fleece od. Like. Is and with the help of another, between her or the middle layer (11) and the cover layer (12) arranged thin foam layer (17) is bonded together with the cover layer (12). 18. Bonding process for the production of the multilayer fabric according to one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the foam is superficial melted and the cover or lining layer by means of rollers on the fused surface of the foam are pressed, characterized in that the cover (2, 12) and lining layer (3, 13) during the bonding process in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction stretched by about 5 to 20%.