DE2826790A1 - SPINNING HEAD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MULTI-COMPONENT FIBERS - Google Patents

Description

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Spinning head for the production of multi-component threads

λ Ic ζ ο GmbH Huppertal

The invention relates to a spinning head for producing multi-component threads with a matrix-filament structure separate supply or distribution rooms for at least two / synthetic polymer components differing in their properties and a nozzle plate with a large number of spinning orifices, each individual spinning orifice a separate mixing system for bringing together the polymer components to form a matrix-filament structure is connected directly upstream.

Such a spinning head is known from GB-PS 1 171 843 (FIGS. 5 to 7). With it it is possible to produce matrix filament threads in which an abundance of very fine microfilaments (segments) of component A all around from one Surrounding matrix component · B and being mutually separated from it. First, bicomponent structures with a core-shell or side-by-side structure are preformed, and one A multitude of such preformed structures is created in one

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funnel-shaped tapering chamber opening into a spinning orifice and collected through the spinning orifices squeezed.

For the terminology of the bicomponent thread, reference is made to P.A. A cook, Fiber Tables "Bicomponent Fibers *, February 1970 edition, Chapter 1 referenced. Then there are threads with a side-by-side structure (S / S type) or with a core-sheath structure (C / C-Type) with a symmetrical or asymmetrical structure also those with a matrix-fibril structure (M / F-Type). In the preparation of one usually starts from matrix-fibril structures from a polymer mixture, so that the fibrils present in the matrix of the drawn thread are only very brief are {staple fiber character, see Fig. 4 of GB-PS 1 171 843). More recently, attempts have been made to produce particularly fine-denier filaments by having a polymer component in one second (the matrix component) dispersed in such a way that a large number of microfilaments as long as possible during the spinning and drawing process are present in the matrix, be it by mechanical, be it by chemical aftertreatment - from this can be solved. This goal is also pursued by GB-PS No. 1 171 843 {cf. Fig. 1 to 3). With the spinning head according to Flg. 5 to 7 of GB-PS 1 171 843 do succeed in such To produce matrix-filament structures (as they are called in contrast to matrix-fibril structures)? the arrangement of the segments in relation to one another in the cross section of the thread and the separation of the segments by the matrix component however, is random. Special cross-sectional geometries ;, which contain a special shape of the individual segments cannot be produced. Also leaves the principle of the known Spider head does not have to, a thread with over its entire Produce a length of constant cross-section, let alone reproducible from a large number of spinning openings to create cross-sections with the same structure «

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ORiGlNAL INSPECTED

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The object of the invention is, in a spinning head of the type described at the outset, that of each individual spinning opening Immediately upstream mixing system for bringing together the polymer components to form a matrix-filament structure to redesign in such a way that the production of threads with targeted arrangement and shaping of the individual segments in the thread cross section is made possible along each Thread is retained and can be the same from spinning opening to spinning opening.

This object is achieved in that each the mixing system upstream of the individual spinning openings to achieve a stable thread cross-sectional geometry with targeted mutual assignment of the polymer components consists of a plurality of layered metal foils, which outer passage openings in their Edge regions and / or inner passage openings in their inner region, at least some of the Metal foils are provided with radially extending guide slots, which with the inner and / or outer passage openings are connected.

The mixing systems essential to the invention with different designed metal foils achieve the targeted breakdown of the material flows by the fact that the polymer flows on their way through these mixing systems with the help of the radially extending guide slots, a movement repeats perpendicularly to the direction of flow. There are division - Junction - Junction - ... - Feeding of the individual components. This apportionment principle allows a targeted and orderly grouping of the branched off streams. Due to the small dimensions that the Has metal foil packet (the diameter of a foil is on the order of only 1 cm, the thickness preferably

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less than 0.2 mm), the division and assignment takes place of the components over a very short distance, and the residence time of the melts in the mixing system is corresponding low, so that temperature differences in the nozzle construction cannot have a detrimental effect on the individual flow velocities. Flow dead dreams, like they are indispensable in the known spinning head construction for collecting the individual bicomponent Geftige in front of the spinneret, do not occur according to the invention. In the spinning head according to the invention, the main pressure drop takes place in the niche systems, namely in the channels formed by the passage openings and in the guide slots, so that the Spinning orifices or the upstream channels, if applicable only serve for thread calibration.

The individual metal foils of a mixed system can be designed very differently. By applying modern Technologies (punching, photochemical processes) can be any shaped passage openings and / or guide slots incorporate with small tolerance fluctuations. The simplest metal foils only have an inner passage opening in the inner area and / or in the edge area (usually two, three or more) outer passage openings.

Preferred embodiments are set out in subclaims 2 to 7 specified. Their function is explained in the working examples.

It is possible for each individual spinning opening to have its own, individually for a certain thread cross-section geometry Use a combined mixing system. The mixing systems are preferred for all spinning orifices of a spinning head set up the same way. In this case it is particularly nasty

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well error in the structure of the individual mixed systems due to confusion individual metal foils can be avoided if the corresponding metal foils of all mixed systems of a spinning head are connected to one another by webs.

The invention is based on the drawing of some exemplary embodiments explained. Show in it

1 shows the spinning part of a spinning head according to the invention with just inserted metal foils;

2 shows a mixing system with conically curved metal parts;

3 shows an enlarged detail from a spinning head similar to FIG. 1;

4 shows an even greater enlargement of a spinning opening with the inner area of an upstream one Mixed systems;

Fig. 5 to

11 differently designed metal foils;

Fig. 12 shows the exploded metal foils of part of a complete mixing system;

Fig. 13 shows a plurality of identical metal foils, which by Webs are connected to one another;

Flg. 14 to

16 shows different cross-sections of with the one according to the invention Spinner head made threads.

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Fig. 1 shows schematically the spinning part of a spinning head, consisting of a rear nozzle plate 1 and a front nozzle plate 2. The distribution space 3 for component B is located between the two. Component A is supplied through feed channels 4 in the DUsen rear panel 1. The nozzle front plate 2 has spinning orifices 6, possibly with spinning orifice anterior channels 5, on. On the inlet side, the DUsen front plate 2 has recesses 29 for receiving the mixing systems 7, which via the feed pieces 8 (with feed lines 8a; 8b for components A and B) from the nozzle rear plate 1 must be pressed against the nozzle front plate 2. The mixing systems 7 in FIG. 1 consist of a large number flat, layered metal foils, as the enlarged section in FIG. 3 shows. Slide individual metal foils are held in their position relative to one another by centering pins 10.

In Fig. 2, a spinning head similar to that of Fig. 1 is shown in detail. The mixing system 9 consists of metal foils preformed in the shape of a cone (see FIG. 9), the recess 30 and the contact surface of the feed piece 8 ^{1 being designed} accordingly.

On the basis of the enlarged section shown in FIG. 4 from a spinning head similar to that of FIG. 1, the mixing system is to be explained, which here consists of three different metal foil types 7.1; 7.2; 7.3 is constructed, which are stacked in an alternating sequence. Details of the metal foils can be found in FIGS. 5 to 7. All metal foils 7.1; 7.2; 7.3 have passage openings 18 in the middle; 18 ', the diameter of which corresponds to that of the spinning opening pre-channel 5, and passage openings 17; 17 * , which are aligned with one another in the mixed system. Correct and accurate assignment of the individual metal foils to one another

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can through centering recesses 26 on the edge of the metal foils can be achieved.

In the metal foil 7.1 (FIG. 5) the passage openings 17 '(acted upon by the component B) are radially through running guide slots 20 are connected to the passage opening 18 located in the inner region. Component B flows once through the guide slots 20 to the center / on the other hand also to the passage openings 17 of the metal foil 7.2 or the metal foil 7.3. Component A, which is the passage openings 17 acts on the metal foil 7.1, moves further to the passage openings 17 of the metal foil 7.2 or the passage openings 17 'of the metal foil 7.3, where 3ie then Has the opportunity to flow through guide slots 20 to the passage opening 18 located in the inner area (FIG. 7).

In FIGS. 5 to 7, section details IV-IV explain which section is shown in FIG. Through metal foil 7.1 component B flows to the center, through metal foil 7.3 component A. In the one of the inner area Through openings 18,18 'formed channel is formed in this way a specific mutual assignment (stratification) of the two components that - also from spinning opening to spinning opening - produce constant thread cross-sections allowed.

In the channel formed by the passage openings 18, 18 ' For example, as shown in FIG. 4, a displacement body 11 can be provided for constant flow velocities along the channel.

In Fig. 8 is a preferred embodiment of a metal foil shown in FIG. This metal foil 7.4 is characterized in that the radially extending guide

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achlitze 21, the from the lying in the edge area through openings 17 * come, open tangentially into the passage opening 18 * located in the inner area. Through the Tangential feeding of the components into the central channel is the divided polymer flows in the thread cross-section interlocked with each other.

The metal foil 12 shown in FIG. 9 has a missing segment 27. The metal foil can be applied to this Preform it into a cone shell and insert it into the recesses as shown in FIG.

10 and 11 show two metal foils 13; 14 which can be used together with passage openings arranged in the edge region 17.17 '. Metal foil 13 has a central one in the inner area Passage opening 18 *, from the radially extending guide slots 22 up to the area of the slot-shaped and circular passage openings 19 'of the metal foil 14 which in turn extend through radially extending guide slots 23 with the arranged in the edge region Passages 17 'are connected.

In Fig. 12 a part of a complete mixing system 15 is shown, in which the component A centrally in the passage opening 18 of the metal foil 15.1 and the component B are fed from the edge via guide slots 24 into the passage openings 17 'located in the edge region. Passage openings 17 are not yet applied to the first slide. With the metal foil 15.2 component A is via guide slots guided from the inside to the outside into the passage openings 17 ', while component B continues to flow in the passage openings 17 in the direction of the spinning opening. Located in the metal foil 15.3 ■ I reach again from the edge to the openings 17 *

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Guide slots 24 through which component B is mixed with component A. In the middle opening Component A flows through the passage openings Component B continues.

Since in the metal foil 15.5 only in the edge area passage openings 17 is present, component A must be in the area of the metal foil 15.4 through the guide slots 25 to the edge area lying through openings 17 'flow. There in If a central passage opening 18 is arranged only in the inner region of the metal foil 15.7, the components flow in the metal foils 15.6 ff. through guide slots back inwards, in the metal foils 15.8 outwards, etc. In this way a very fine mixing of the components can be achieved without the reproducibility of the results being significantly affected would be affected.

In order to create a mixing system with the same structure from spinning opening to spinning opening To obtain, the recesses for receiving the metal foils (e.g. pos. 29 in Fig. 1) can be made by grooves and - As can be seen in FIG. 13 - the corresponding metal foils 16 are connected to one another by webs 28.

The number of passage openings in the edge area and the number of metal foils per mixing system can - depending on the number the polymer component and according to the desired thread cross-section - can be selected within wide limits.

Fig. 14 to 16 show three thread cross-sections with the Spinning head according to the invention have been produced. Of the Cross section according to FIG. 14 shows one made of polyethylene terephthalate existing matrix 29 with peripheral segments 30 and a core segment 31 made of polycaprolactara. With the cross section according to

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15, the matrix 32 consists of polycaprolactam; in her segments 33 made of polyethylene terephthalate protrude from the edge. Fig. 16 shows a cross section in which the Segments 35 are strongly interlocked with the matrix 34.

The mixing systems of the spinning heads according to the invention can be composed of a relatively small number of metal foils are made, for example, of fewer than twenty, sometimes also of fewer than ten metal foils. Needed there are only a few types of metal foil that are layered in a repeating order. The number of needed Metal foil types can still be reduced if one and the same foil type successively in normal, tilted, mirror image or twisted form is used.

The already mentioned small tolerance fluctuations in the passage openings and / or guide slots of the metal foils are further reduced by the layering of a large number of metal foils, because the tolerance fluctuations are averaged here.

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Claims (9)

A3GW31839 claims 1. Spinning head for the production of multi-component threads with Matrix-filament structure, with separate feed and Distribution rooms for at least two in their Characteristic, synthetic polymer components and a nozzle plate with a variety of spinning orifices, with each individual spinning orifice having its own mixing system for bringing together the polymer components to a matrix-filament structure immediately • is connected upstream, characterized in that each of the mixing systems (7, 8, 15) upstream of the individual spinning openings (6) to achieve a stable thread cross-sectional geometry with targeted mutual assignment of the polymer components from a large number of layered Metal foils (7.1, 7.2, 7.3 etc .; 12; 13; 14; 15.1, 15.2 etc .; 16), which outer passage openings (17; 17 ') in their edge areas and / or inner passage openings (18; 18'; 19 ') in their interior Have area, wherein at least some of the metal foils with radially extending guide slots (20 to 25) is provided, which are connected to the inner and / or outer passage openings. 2. Spinning head according to claim 1, characterized / that the inner passage openings (18,18 ") in the center the metal foils (7.1,7.2 etc.;) 12; 13; 15.1, 15.2, etc .; 16) arranged bind and with the spinning orifices (6) or the Spinning opening pre-channels (5) are in alignment. ι - 909851/0512 I. '- 2 - A3GW31839 3. Spinning head according to claim 2, characterized in that at least part of the outer passage openings (17 *) of a metal foil is connected to the inner passage opening (18 ¹ ) by radially extending guide slots (20,21,25). 4. Spinning head according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner passage openings (19 ') are slot-shaped are formed, these slots extending in the shape of an arc of a circle. 5. Spinning head according to claim 4, characterized in that at least part of the outer Durchtrit ^ ts- openings (17 ¹ ) of a metal foil is connected to the inner passage openings (19 ') by radially extending guide slots (23). 6. Spinning head according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least part of the outer passage openings (17 ¹ ) is connected to the edge of the metal foil (15.1,15.3) by radially extending guide slots (24). 7. Spinning head according to one of claims 1 to 3.5 and 6, characterized. That the passage openings (17 ', 18') are circular and the radial running guide slots (21,24,25) open tangentially into this. 8. Spinning head according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized characterized in that the mixing systems (7,8,15) have the same structure for all spinning orifices (6). ι, 9098B1 / 0512 I. - 3 - A3GW31839 9. Spinning head according to claim 8, characterized in / that the corresponding metal foils (16) all Mixing systems are connected to one another by webs (28). ι S09851 / 0512 I ORIGINAL INSPECTED