DE2726438B1 - Yarn oil for re-oiling textured, fine socking yarns - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a yarn oil for re-oiling textured, fine socking yarns.

It is well known that during the draw texturing process in the production of fine, textured socking yarns, the oil content of the yarn of approx. 0.8-1% decreases to approx. 0.1%. This is due to the fact that the lubricant component of the spin finish Almost completely evaporated in the texturing heating zone, especially if it is a so-called. volatile "fuming" spin finish, as it is especially in the friction draw texturing technique is preferred. A textured yarn with such an extremely low oil content would benefit the customer lead to processing difficulties on the knitting machines, for example due to electrostatic Charges, poor drainage properties and abrasion. For these reasons it has has proven itself and it is general state of the art that the garment on the texturing machine with a Refill yarn oil, a so-called »flushing oil«.

The composition and the amount of oil applied by the flushing oil result from a series of very special requirements. For example, the flushing oil must be as favorable as possible for the yarn Sliding properties, antistatic properties, excellent running properties and favorable storage properties convey. In addition, it must be technically good and safe in the production plant Application.

From the application, namely the use as an anhydrous or almost anhydrous oil, result special requirements for the composition of the flushing oil. So the viscosity should be relative low, on the order of 20-100 mPas (at 20 ° C) and not during long periods of operation change, because otherwise different oil applications will be achieved with the same roller speed. The composition of a rinsing oil does not differ fundamentally from that of a spin finish. Mineral oils are known to be used as "classic" lubricants. Because of certain Disadvantages, especially because of their volatility and because of thread migration, is one The trend towards the transition to ester oils, for example, can be recognized. The emulsifier proportions are usually low, since there is no need for a stable "water in oil" emulsion.

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From the previously common combinations of lubricant-emulsifier-antistatic agent it is known that in many cases they contain up to 15% water, which is necessary for the formation of a clear solution.

In addition to the known, yarn-improving properties, those known and used so far have But there are also certain disadvantages:

So, for example, are in certain, commercially available The lubricating components are relatively volatile or are able to penetrate the thread polymer, which is especially the case after longer storage times. The consequence of this are procedural difficulties from the head, high electrostatic charges on the stocking machine and abrasion of the needle contours and deflection elements soiled, causing high thread tensions, which ultimately leads to unprocessability because of the high number of thread breaks. For other types of flushing oils, this is On the other hand, the lubricant component has so high a viscosity that at high processing speeds on the automatic stocking machine, the friction on the deflection elements is finally so high that also processing becomes impossible here and again more inefficient, slower working speeds must be set. In addition, with such flushing oils, the incorporation of the Hosiery machines so unevenly that the resulting stocking lengths differ in their raw dimensions are what the following sewing technology, especially on the modern Takatori sewing machines, Difficulties arise with regard to an exact seam.

The proportion of poorly sewn stockings can be considerable, resulting in a relatively high waste rate leads. If the sliding component of the flushing oil is too smooth, then on the one hand there is the cohesion of the filament structure too low and, on the other hand, the adhesion of the individual thread layers to the yarn body is too low. The lack of thread cohesion leads, especially with the modern, rational so-called onepiece stocking knitting machines, with the required, loose knitting of the gusset parts due to individual capillaries (filamentation) not being included significant knitting errors. The insufficient mutual adhesion of the threads on the yarn body can Finally, because of falling layers of thread or uncontrolled caster, the so-called hanging processing on the stocking machine, as it is preferred by many hosiery makers, impossible.

Other disadvantages are e.g. B. poor washability due to insufficient emulsion stability in the aqueous dye liquors. The result is bad, uneven coloration or the necessities of pre-washes. Another disadvantage of known flushing oils is the spraying off on thread guides and deflection organs as well as insufficient biodegradability. Furthermore the water-containing flushing oils have the disadvantage of evaporation of the water component to change their viscosity in an uncontrolled manner and / or give rise to precipitations or deposits to give or to promote the corrosion of machine parts due to rust formation.

The object of the present invention is now to provide a yarn oil or flushing oil for textured, fine To develop sock yarns that give the yarn excellent running properties even with very little oil application, d. H. evenly low drainage tension

from the cop as well as evenly low inlet tension in the stocking machine, high antistatic and low friction properties, even after longer storage times of 2 and more years, mediated, whereby there is also no need to fear that the outer layers of the bobbins will dry out.

In particular, the yarn properties should be such as thread cohesion, yarn body adhesion and sliding properties be coordinated in such a way that perfect workmanship, even using the most modern hosiery techniques and stocking sewing techniques for different requirements, is guaranteed, such as on the high-speed, high-speed machines at working speeds of up to 800 m / min or on the modern ones one-piece stocking knitting machines or with the modern, automatic Takatori sewing technology.

This object is achieved by a yarn oil consisting of

a) 65 parts of i-butyl stearate,

b) 15 parts of an adduct of 5 MoJ Ethylene oxide in 1 mole of lauric alcohol

c) 15 parts of an adduct of 7 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of i-nonylphenol and

d) 5 parts of a complex phosphoric acid ester, obtained by phosphating a lauryl pentaglycol ether, Implementation of the ester formed with ethylene oxide to form the tertiary ester and renewed phosphating.

The yarn oil is used to produce fine, textured filament yarns for the hosiery industry made of synthetic, thermoplastic high polymers such as polyamides, polyesters and polyolefins according to the customary, known stretch texturing processes with improved properties with regard to durability and further processing on stocking machines and / or sewing machines.

The aforementioned, anhydrous, special mixture according to the invention forms a clear, almost colorless one Rinse oil, which has an almost unlimited shelf life and is made by the following physical methods measurable quantities can be characterized and controlled:

The viscosity at 20 ° C is 23 mPa s, the density at 20 ° C 0.900, the refractive index n _p ²⁰ 1.4568. The biodegradability is checked by BOD-20 determination according to the German standard method and amounts to 68%.

The flushing oil according to the invention is applied by means of rollers or according to the methods of disposable preparation (z. B. DE-OS 2359276) immediately following the actual stretch texturing process and before winding in an amount of 0.8 to a maximum of 1%, if desired also undiluted on the threads applied.

A particular advantage of the flushing oil according to the invention is the excellent constant viscosity to be mentioned, as due to the absence of water in the composition, evaporation, even with increased, process-related room temperatures are excluded.

The complex phosphoric acid esters used according to the invention are described in detail in DE-AS 2134854 described.

The advantage of the yarn oil according to the invention is an excellent storage stability of the textured yarns treated therewith. For example, after 1-2 years, even with fluctuating climatic conditions, the processing properties are still good. The loss of oil due to volatilization or migration, is extremely small and is on the order of the analytical precision wedge. the > Knitting yields on all common stocking machines, including high-speed stocking machines and one-piece machines, also with the so-called preferred hanging processing, are excellent. The machine stops in

The consequence of knitting errors is negligible. A twisting of the stockings in the exhaust pipe is largely excluded, the ejection from the cassette runs smoothly.

The stockings made are special

ι "· stocking lengths, very even in the raw measurements, so that they match in pairs quickly and exactly, superimposed congruently and for example according to the automatic Takatori sewing technology, smooth and flawless with extremely dimensionally stable

- • ι seams can be sewn. In the following In the dyeing process, the oil can be washed out completely and easily in the aqueous liquor, so that good and level Dyeings are made possible without pre-washing. At the same time, because of the uniform and slender

- '"> ken yarn character the disturbing influence due to reason the so-called burdock effect of individually protruding curling arcs of isolated capillaries is almost completely suppressed. The biodegradability of the lubricant based on a fatty ester product is given and of

in great use in relation to the upcoming environmental protection legislation. The winding oil according to the invention is simple and safe to use; disturbing dripping down on the floor and none

r> Symptoms of cloudiness even after longer periods of use. The preparation rollers also show after long periods of operation of several months no network difficulties or deposits.

.,,, Example 1

65 parts of i-butyl stearate

15 parts of an emulsifier, which was produced by the catalytic addition of 5 moles of ethylene oxide to one mole of lauryl alcohol,
4 "> 15 parts of an emulsifier, which was produced by the catalytic addition of 7 moles of ethylene oxide to one mole of i-nonylphenol,

as

5 parts of a complex phosphoric acid ester, ge-K) measured the DT-AS 2134854, as he did by phosphating of a lauryl pentaglycol ether, reaction of the ester formed with ethylene oxide to form the tertiary ester and repeated phosphating is obtained,

were mixed thoroughly with stirring.
T> The practically colorless flushing oil produced in this way has the following physical, characteristic parameters:

The viscosity at 20 ° C is 23 mPas, the

Density at 20 ° C 0.900, the refractive index n _p ^{2 (l}

ω) 1.4568. The biodegradability is checked by BOD-20 determination according to the German standard method and is 68%.

Example 2

b) For the production of a textured partial length yarn of titer dtex 22 f 5 made of polyamide 6 for fine stockings or fine tights, this is shown in the example 1 described, flushing oil according to the invention

added to the post-oil system of a normal, commercially available draw texturing machine. The texturing takes place according to the principle of the simultaneous internal friction method, spinning bobbins of raw titer are submitted dtex 66 f 5 for a final denier dtex 22 f 5. The stretching ratio is corresponding to a ratio set from 1: 3.0. The exit speeds are 600 m / min.

The speed of rotation of the oil rollers is set so that a thread layer of the fresh u> textured, fine hosiery yarn in cop make-up on average 0.8% with a fluctuation range from 0.6-1%. The winding hardness is programmed with a spindle of 55-60 Shore. After a storage time of the textured ι -> stocking yarn with a dtex titer of 22 f 5 of 6 months Under normal storage conditions in a room climate, the bobbins become one with hanging processing 4-system stocking knitting machines presented. At working speeds of 600 m / min, 2n run also the top layers of the cops according to the invention without any problems, up to the last layer on the cop; the thread reserve easily initiates the transition to the next cop.

The dimensions in the longitudinal and transverse dimensions are 2; in both the raw stocking and the finished stocking after the finishing process well matched.

An analytical oil determination method gives a after the aforementioned 6-month storage period oil content of 0.7% of the cop material. jo

Example 3

For the production of a textured trouser yarn with a titer dtex 44 f 10 made of polyamide 6 for fine stockings or fine tights is generally proceeded as in Example 2, but serves as a supply bobbin a spinning material with a raw titer dtex 132Π0 for a final titer dtex 44-0.

The applied oil content of the flushing oil according to the invention is 0.8%. The trouser yarn produced in this way in coping is used together with the length yarn produced in Example 2 for Production of complete stockings using a 4-system knitting stocking machine at 480 rpm submitted for processing. The thread unwinding tensions are relatively close together and are each for the outer layers for the dtex22 f 5 0.1-0.3 p, for the dtex 44 f 10 0.3-0.4 p. The corresponding inlet stresses in the stocking machine are also very uniform and are 0.4-0.9 ρ for the titer dtex 22 f 5 and dtex for the titer 44 f 10 0.8-2.1 p.

The knitting reliability is excellent, thread stops due to knitting errors did not occur; the machine yield per unit of time of flawless stockings is 99%, based on the theoretical Value.

The individual raw stocking lengths that have been preserved are Well matched in their dimensions and can be easily placed on top of each other in pairs. In a The preferred processing method are the raw stockings obtained before they are placed on top of one another in pairs briefly shaped using a so-called rocketing process. The paired, almost congruent Single stripes lying on top of one another are now placed on the receiving arm of a Takatori sewing machine postponed. When spreading in the sewing position, the stocking edges remain congruent without the slightest Distortions and are safely captured by the so-called sewing shoe. The seams are very precise up to the last stitch. The next steps, such as cutting and filing, are just as safe.

The finished, raw, complete tights are now laid on top of one another in predetermined dozen units and added to the dye liquor in the so-called dye pack. After dyeing and tumbling dry the tightly packed tights can be used properly without so-called pulling (picks and pulse) Separate them from each other and pack them without any problems. The coloring is very even, the dye liquor no oil admixtures are to be noted.

Example 4

The procedure is basically as in Example 3, but processing is carried out according to the invention sock yarn manufactured using the so-called one-piece technique on a modern one-piece machine with hanging processing. The working speed is 350 m / min. The inlet stresses are very uniform and are 0.3-0.7 ρ for the titer dtex22f5 and dtex44fl () for the titer 0.6-1.5 ρ in. In relation to the outer layers. It will be polyamide-6 yarn used. When the machine or system stops, the thread layers adhere well to the thread body, Falling thread layers or thread layer trailing are not observed.

Starting from the 1st stocking foot tip, the processing takes place over the length part up to the Knit the trouser part including the particularly loosely knitted gusset parts and finally over the 2nd length part up to the 2nd toe tip completely problem-free and error-free with a high degree of use the machine. The machine usage is 98% based on the theoretical values.

The one-piece tights produced in this way show good recovery capacity after being equipped with excellent fits. The corresponding expansion dimensions are all within the specified standard.

Comparative example 1

The procedure is basically as in Example 2, but instead of the flushing oil according to the invention an oil is used on the basis of a more volatile mineral oil fraction with the following key figures:

viscosity

Refractive index

density

at 20 ^° C.: 5.9 mPa s
at 20 ° C: 1.4641
at 20 ° C: 0.820.

The volatility of the mineral oil is:
Residue in% 95 90 80 70

at temp. ⁰ C 140 157 175 187

These values were determined by a thermogravimetric Analysis as follows. For this purpose, 50 mg of substance are weighed into a platinum basket and taken under a nitrogen flow of 0.2 liters per minute heated at a heating rate of 10 ° C per minute. Simultaneously weight loss is controlled gravimetrically. As a result, you get information about the Amount of residue at certain temperatures.

The coefficient of friction is 0.32 and the following method is used to determine it: One

1% solution of the substance to be tested in isopropanol is applied to a preparation-free Perlon filament dtex 44 f 9. This results in an application of oil of 0.8% on the perlon filament. After a conditioning time of 3 days at 23 ° C and 50% rel. Moisture, the coefficient of friction of the filament is measured with an F-meter, with the bias 5 p, the deflection angle 180 ° C, the measuring speed is 20 m per minute and a friction body Agate rod of 10 mm diameter is used.

The oil application of the freshly made lengthwise yarn the titer dtex 22 f 5 is 0.8%. After a storage time of 6 months under normal storage conditions the cops are processed on a normal knitting machine. It comes to frequent Thread breaks due to dried-on top layers, which can be seen in the so-called suction tube Hosiery machines Twisting of the stockings as a result of excessive electrostatic charges. Additionally deposits form on the deflection organs and on the needle roller and cage assemblies, which lead to further Knitting difficulties and thread breaks. The oil content of the cops that gave rise to the difficulties was only 0.1%. Overall, there was a proportion of approx. 10% defective bobbins.

Comparative example 2

The procedure is basically as in Example 3, but instead of the flushing oil according to the invention an oil used on the basis of a non-volatile mineral oil fraction with the following key figures:

viscosity

Refractive index

density

at 20 ^° C.: 33.8 mPa s
at 20 ° C: 1.4692
at 20 ° C: 0.845.

The volatility of the mineral oil, determined according to dei The method described in Comparative Example 1 is:

Residue in% 95

80

70

at temp. ° C 208 224 241 252 268

The coefficient of friction, determined according to the standard method listed in Comparative Example 1, is 0.45.

The oil content is approx. 1.5%. Even after a storage time of 6 months, the oil content is almost unchanged remained, it is 1.4%. On the 4-system knitting machine are at knitting speeds of 480 Uprn be the inlet voltages inconsistent and the voltage peaks at the reversal points for the titer dtex 22 f 5 to zl 3 p, for the titer dtex 44 f 10 up to 4 p. Every now and then it comes to a machine stop on Grunc thread breakage, especially with the increased thread tensions when the last thread layer has expired Kops in connection with the thread reserve or Kopsübergang.

The single stockings obtained sometimes show different raw dimensions, and when pairs are placed on top of one another, one edge of the stocking often protrudes by up to ₂ cm. When pushed onto the takator arms, the "larger" stocking shows a slight waviness. When the takator arms are spread out into the working position, the waviness of the zi "large" single stocking remains, the sewing foot only partially grasps the parts to be sewn, and very often the seam slides out of the guide in an uncontrolled manner, which then leads to faulty seams. The failure rate determined in this way was 10%.

Claims (1)

Claim: Yarn oil for re-oiling textured, fine socking yarns, consisting of a) 65 parts of i-butyl stearate, b) 15 parts of an adduct of 5 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of lauric alcohol c) 15 parts of an adduct of 7 moles of ethylene oxide! Moles of i-nonylphenol and d) 4 parts of a complex phosphoric acid ester obtained by phosphating a Lauryl pentaglycol ether, reaction of the ester formed with ethylene oxide to the tertiary Ester and renewed phosphating.