DE2713860A1 - Coal seam mining machine - has cutting head at end of modular thrust column housing conveyor modules - Google Patents

Abstract

The mining machine comprises a laterally elongated cutting head, a laterally elongated thrust transmitting column being connected to and extending rearwardly from the cutting head. A power head is connected to the rear of the column and operative to thrust the cutting head forward into the earth formation by means of the interposed column. The column carries a non-thrust transmitting column conveyor for carrying fragments cut from the formation from the cutting head to the power head. The column pref. comprises several modules, the conveyor comprising several segments each carried on a module.

Description

Dismantling device, especially for mining minerals, etc.

leading layers The invention relates to mining of N .neralien from the earth and in particular the mining of coal. Demand according to energy sources has steadily increased in recent years to the extent that in which technology has advanced and increasing mechanization in all areas of life is to be observed. At the moment almost all of the energy is consumed by incineration covered by so-called fossil fuels, for example by burning coal and natural gas and of oil etc. The increased energy demand makes it necessary that the mining process for these fuels from the earth improved and made as economical as possible will. At the same time it is of paramount importance that during dismantling occurring, the polluting effects are reduced to a minimum.

Coal is usually found in seams or layers, which are mixed or are interspersed with layers of rock, earth or other earth formations. The best method of mining is with minimal degradation of the excavated material to mine a maximum of coal from the layers. At the same time, the redeployment should or destruction in the area of the mining area is kept to a minimum. When coal is mined from a seam without affecting the surface structure of the mining area is destroyed, then it is also necessary to provide adequate space within the vein To maintain the supporting structure in order to prevent chambers or break-ins. Often, either from the surface or from the inside, a Wall exposed, which is penetrated by one or more veins of coal is. The coal is then mined by working into the vein from the wall.

Hand mining processes in which the miners during the mining Having to get into the vein are obviously dangerous and shape themselves slow. In addition, such methods require a large amount of overburden thin carbon wire, as sufficient material has to be removed in the overburden process, to enable the miners to enter the coal cores, i.e. it has to a large proportion of rock or waste material can be removed.

For these reasons, remotely controllable facilities were created, by means of which coal can be extracted from a seam or a vein without the need for miners have to get into the vein. There is therefore a need for devices which are suitable for mining thin carbon veins or other mineral veins.

Attempts have been made with an auger from the exposed Wall to drill into the veins. In some cases it was the front end of the drill provided with cutting means so that the drill itself is only used as a conveyor for the separated chunks and as a transmission body for the drilling pressure and torque as described, for example, in US Pat. No. 2,948,520. By using With a drill sufficiently small in diameter, it is possible to cut carbon from a thin one Mining seams without cutting into the surrounding rock. To a vein one However, to break down other thickness, it was necessary to pass the drill bit through a drill bit of a different diameter or radially extendable auxiliary cutters etc.

Use additional devices. The diameter of the drill and / or the Schneider also limits the width and height of the hole or shaft, which can be drilled this way. This is considered unsatisfactory to be seen, since the carbon cores are essentially continuous in lateral extension are.

Some attempts have been made to create a dismantling device which lends itself to extracting more coal in a single pass by a hole or shaft is drilled which is wider than the height of the to be mined Cores corresponds. Reference is made to US-PS 3,746,110 and GB-PS 800,864. Each of the in these Documents mentioned devices has a cutting head that is wider than it is high. The pressure is on the cutting head using two parallel rods according to British patent specification or transferred by two or more rods from drill sections according to US patent specification, the drill sections essentially having the function of rods. DEVICES both of the aforementioned construction suffer from the same significant disadvantage. In order to better distribute the drilling pressure over the drill head, two or more Strands of rods or the like are used.

This leads to new problems with regard to the alignment of these Strands and in terms of balancing the forces. Although both strands of relatively little spaced positions along their length laterally are connected to one another, they are essentially still two of one another separate independent strand bodies act. The alignment and the balance of forces however, these two strands are difficult, if not impossible, to achieve reach.

Another difficulty is that the strands or rods or drill sections flexible under the high loads required during drilling are. They have a tendency to bend, tip, etc. This is what the dismantling device does essentially unstable and makes the various components of the device vulnerable in their function.

In addition, it is difficult to move the device from an outside position to control or direct the shaft to be drilled. The tendency to swing and the like is used in the device of the aforesaid British patent disclosed in that the rod strands have upstanding guides, which support the strings against the ceiling of the shaft or borehole, so, that the hitting or swinging of the entire strand is prevented will.

Another problem with such dismantling devices is / the Conveyors are unprotected from material coming from the ceiling of the material to be drilled Shaft falls down. This allows the conveyor to jam. In some In some cases, the entire mining equipment can get stuck inside the borehole. In this situation, the expensive cutting head is either lost or completely lost it must be pulled out of the hole with strong force, which in turn serious damage to or destruction of various components of the Construction leads, in particular, to the destruction of the conveyor. With the device after the the aforementioned US patent, the conveyors are exposed to even greater wear and tear, as they represent the only arrangement by which the drilling pressure and torque are is transferred to the cutting head.

Based on this, according to the invention, a dismantling device with a laterally extended cutting head created, which means for cutting into has the coal and an arrangement to divide it into fragments. A pressure transmitting The column body, also elongated, is on the back of the cutting head arranged. The drive head is outside the borehole or shaft near the Arranged to be drilled wall and is connected to the back of the column body. The drive head pushes the drill head forward into the formation, causing it to move the column body assembly operated. The column has sufficient cross-sectional dimensions and internal strength to act as a unitary column body, notwithstanding the fact that this column is essentially horizontal and does not extend vertically. So it is a bending, a swinging or hitting with Excluded using the column body assembly according to the invention. The column body construction Not only can it be used to transmit pressure, it is also used for guidance and to control the cutting head.

The column is preferably formed from several column units, which are releasably connected together end to end. The foremost unit in each case is releasably connected to the cutting head, while each furthest backwards located unit is detachably connected to the drive head. In the process of drilling the drive head is periodically moved from the one furthest backwards Unit removed and withdrawn, leaving a new column unit at the rear can be used to increase the column length by one unit in this way.

A conveyor not used for torque transmission is through the column is supported and extends along substantially its entire length. The column conveyor is preferably formed from a plurality of conveyor sections which Are assigned to each other end to end.

Each of the conveyor sections is supported by a corresponding column unit carried. The column units each have a main body or housing structure of essentially box-shaped, with a cover on the top is provided. The corresponding section of the conveyor is inside of the box-shaped structure underneath the protective top cover.

The most forward column unit can be modified be to serve as a control unit, such that fine control and steering of the cutting head is made possible. Preferably the foremost unit horizontal and vertical control or steering means, which by outside the Drilled holes located at a remote position controls can be actuated. The for Horizontal control serving device is preferably made of a single Formed side control shoe, which can be extended from one side of the control unit and is retractable. The cutting head is provided with a device which pushes it laterally towards the side on which the side control shoe is arranged. Then the front part of the drilling device can be horizontal can be controlled by pressing against the side wall of the borehole. The side control shoe withstands the changing tendency of the cutting head to adhere to it Side to press.

The dismantling device can have means which relate to the cutting head the control unit. In this way there is a vertical sweeping or sweeping motion allows to achieve an adaptation to different thicknesses of the carbon cores. The control unit is preferably provided with an arrangement which determines the thickness the remaining coal layer at the top of the borehole and the operator Provides information on vertical control and required pivoting.

Subsequently, if holes are drilled side by side, then they remain each pillar of the formation to be mined between the boreholes and carry the formation above. Each new hole is on that side of the last drilled hole, which corresponds to the side of the control unit which is the side control shoe. When a new hole is drilled then a supporting pillar of formation should remain on the side of the mining equipment, which is opposite to that wearing the rudder shoe page consists. This leaves the side adjacent to the side control shoe the not yet mined formation. The control unit can be a sensing device which senses the presence of the adjacent load-bearing pillar to the operator of the horizontal control device the corresponding information to convey. The feeler can also be used to determine certain factors for example in terms of thickness to sense the strength of the formation pillar indicate.

The drive head of the mining device according to the invention can have a guide or have rail frames, as well as a drive assembly attached thereon. A reversible primary drive is provided to longitudinally drive the drive assembly to move along the rail frame and around in this way the connected To be able to push the column assembly and the cutting head forward or to pull them back. Auxiliary drive means can be provided in order to apply an additional force, for example to pull the cutting head out of the hole if it jams should be or get stuck.

The invention is described below using exemplary embodiments Explained with reference to the accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the invention Dismantling device during operation, the view partly broken is; Fig. 2 is a partially broken plan view of the cutting head and one adjacent part of the control unit; Fig. 3 is a partial broken and shown in section side view of the cutting head and one adjacent part of the control unit; FIG. 4 is a top plan view of a portion of FIG Control unit showing the steering and steering shoes; Fig. 5 is a partial broken and sectioned side view from line 5-5 in Fig. 4; Fig. Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on line 6-6 in Fig. 4 showing one of the steering shoes located on the top and those on the top Sensing device in retracted position; FIG. 7 is comparable to FIG. 6 View showing the control shoe in the extended position; Fig. 8 is a partially broken and shown in section plan view of one of the column units; Figure 9 is a side view of the unit of Figure 8; Figure 10 is an end view from line 10-10 in Figure 9; Figure 11 is an end view taken on line 11-11 in Figure 9; Fig. 12 is a sectional view taken on line 12-12 in Fig. 8 showing FIG Column unit receiving lock assembly and the insertion lock assembly an adjacent column unit prior to being connected; Fig. 13 Fig. 12 is a view of the device of Fig. 12 in a connected position; Fig. 14 is a A sectional view taken from line 14-14 in Figure 12; Fig. 15 is a side view of the drive head; Fig. 16 is a partial top plan view, partly broken away and partly in section of the drive head as viewed along line 16-16 in Figure 15; Fig. 17 is an enlarged, partially broken reproduced side view of the drive head; Fig. 18 is Fig. 18 is a front view of the drive head taken from line 18-18 in Fig. 17; Fig. 19 is a Sectional view from line 1919 in FIG. 17 showing the auxiliary drive device; Fig. 20 is a partial sectional view taken on line 20-20 in Fig. 9; Fig. 21 is a Partial view of the device according to FIG. 7 showing a second embodiment the sensing device; 22 is a partial view of the locking body of FIG Female connector assembly of Figures 12-14; and Fig. 23 is a partial sectional view from line 23-23 in Fig. 2.

In Fig. 1, an open pit 10 is shown, which by partial strip mining originated. Alternatively, the pit 10 can be designed in a special way, to provide a place for the mining device according to the invention. In any case it will When the pit 10 is dismantled, a wall 12 is exposed. The wall 12 shows the stratification the formation behind it, in particular by exposing a lower one thin layer 14 of coal and a top layer of rock and / or overburden 16. The mining device has a drive head 18, which is located in the area of the open pit 10 is in a position opposite the wall 12. The drive head 18 is provided with a base frame 22 which is anchored to the bottom of the pit 10, furthermore with a guide frame 20 which is arranged on the frame 22 so as to be vertically pivotable is, and with a drive assembly 24, which is arranged on the frame 20 and in the direction the wall 12 and facing away from this is displaceable in the longitudinal direction. The special ones structural and functional details of the drive head 18 as well as others Components of the dismantling device are explained in detail below.

The dismantling device is shown in a position in which there is a Well or a hole 26 drilled. From the drive head 18 extends a pressure-transmitting Column in this hole 26. The column consists of several column units 28 and 28 ', connected end to end. The foremost pillar unit 28 'is connected to a milling or cutting head 30. The cutting head 30 has cutting means on, which break off the formation or cut off, in such a way that the hole is formed is when the cutting head via the units 28, 28> through the drive head 18 is pressed facing forward. In particular, the drive assembly is 24 located at the rear of the rearmost column unit 28, i.e. at the rear of the unit placed on the frame 20. If the Drive arrangement 24 moved forward on the guide frame 20, the entire column is pressed with the cutting head facing forward until it is the rearmost pillar section directly connected to the drive assembly is located almost within the hole 26. At this point the drive assembly becomes detached from the most rearward section and to the rear of the Frame 20 returned. A crane 34 then lifts a further unit 28 off a stack 32 within the pit using suction plates 36 and settles this section on the guide frame between the last column and the drive assembly away. The drive assembly and the rest of the column i.e. the last unit will be then connected to the new unit, after which drilling can begin again.

The cutting head end of the dismantling device is referred to as the "front" end, while the drive head is referred to as the "back" end. As a result is a forward movement from the open pit into the wall, while a backward movement is out of the wall towards the pit. Many carbon veins are not horizontal. So the device often works under an angle. The terms "horizontal" and "vertical" are used in relation to the mining equipment used even if this is actually in a horizontal working position.

A pair of parallel screw or screw conveyors 38 extend extend lengthways through the column and serve to remove debris from the hole or shaft 26 to be transported, which by the cutting head 30 from the formation were cut out. The conveyors are supported by the column arrangement in such a way that that they are not exposed to the drilling back and consequently not transferred. If the debris reaches the rear of the column assembly, then will them up and backward by screw conveyor 40 within the drive assembly transported directed. The spoil parts fall from the conveyors 40 onto a belt conveyor 42 extending transversely with respect to the rear of the drive assembly. The spoil parts fall from the conveyor 42 onto a further endlessly rotating belt conveyor 44, which transports them backwards to a further conveyor 46. With the aid of the conveyor 46, the spoil parts get on trucks or in suitable ones Container. The belt conveyor 44 extends along one side of the drive head 18 so that he can remove the debris from the conveyor 42 regardless of the position of the drive assembly 24 on the frame 20 can accommodate.

There will be some essentially parallel holes or shafts in the carbon layer 14 is drilled. After completing each shaft, the cutting head 30 pulled out of the manhole by reversing the method used in drilling will. This means that the drive assembly 24 is directed backwards on the frame 20 is moved until the last unit of the column or column arrangement can be removed is. The drive assembly 24 is then moved forward on the next unit attached and moved backwards in turn. Finally the cutting head 30 pulled out of the shaft by being connected directly to the drive assembly 24 will.

Now the device is pointed a short distance to the right moves, after which the drilling of a new hole or shaft begins.

The cutting head 30, which is initially connected directly to the drive arrangement is connected, driven into the formation or

pressed in. Individual column units are subsequently used with increasing Length of the hole set.

A load-bearing one is left between the old hole and the new hole Pillar of formation. After completion of the shaft 52, the shaft 48 becomes drilled, leaving the supporting pillar 50 between the two shafts. In a comparable manner, a supporting pillar 54 is between the shaft 48 and leave the next shaft 26, which is currently being worked out (FIG. 1). During the creation of each shaft there is a supporting pillar on its left Side and firm, not yet eroded formation on its right side. Of the Cutting head 30 is provided with means which enable the cutting head Push to the right while drilling or cutting.

The foremost pillar unit 28 'is modified, ie. trained so that it also acts as a control unit. It has a guide shoe on the side, which can be extended to the side and retracted from the right side. So the front part of the device can be controlled in a horizontal direction, by pressing against the wall of the shaft 26 on the right in order to to withstand rightward deviations of the cutting head.

The device can also be designed in such a way that it moves from the right to the left moved left. In this case the side control shoe on the left is the Control unit 28 'formed. In addition to the side control shoe, the control unit 28 have shoes for vertical control at the base, and also at the top located control shoes for the reaction against the generated by the cutting head Forces as well as means to move the cutting head with respect to the control unit to pan vertically. The control unit also contains sensor means, which the requirements the control and the sweeping or pivoting of the operator accessible do. These sensors and control devices are electronic, for example or hydraulically connected to a control station located outside the shaft. The control station can be located within the crane 34. It contains reading or display devices for the control means, switches or the like, by means of which the control and steering shoes as well as the pivoting device can be actuated as also devices for operating various motors, the hydraulic cylinders etc., which are located on the different parts of the device.

In Figs. 2 and 3 the cutting head 30 and the front part is the control unit 28 'reproduced. The central part of the control unit 28 'is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 shown. The cutting head 30 has a pair of spaced apart lateral ones Aspire 56 on. The struts 56 are at their front ends by means of a transverse Shaft 58 connected, which is rotatable in the struts 56 by suitable bearings. The rear ends of the struts 56 are by means of horizontal pins on the front Articulated at the end of the control unit 28 '. At 60 one of the pegs is shown. the Struts 56 are also by means of a transverse rod 62 between their front and rear ends connected. In the area of the rear end there is a drive 64 on each strut 56. Each motor or drive 64 is driven connected to a sprocket, one of which is shown at 66. That The sprocket is rotatable at the rear end of the respective strut 56 stored. Each sprocket drives an endless chain 68, which is in a vertical Plane extends around the perimeter of the corresponding strut. Each of the chains 68 engages on a corresponding sprocket (not shown), which is connected to the shaft 58 is connected in such a way that it is rotated.

A plurality of cutting tips 70 are rigidly attached to each chain 62 and extend at an angle to cut into the formation when moving the chain moves in the direction of arrow A of FIG.

In this way, the two chains together with their cutting tips 70 form first pair of cutters. There is one at each end of the shaft 58 Cutting wheel 72. Each of the cutting wheels 72 carries a plurality of cutting tips 74 that are angled are employed to cut into the formation as shaft 58 rotates. Each wheel 72 with its cutting tips 74 thus forms an additional cutting device.

A fifth cutter, referred to as the central cutter, is formed by a plurality of tips 76 which are rigidly attached to the shaft 58 and extend at an angle therefrom such that when rotating Cut the wave into the formation. The cutting tips 76 are helical in shape attached. The screw course or angle, which they form, is laid in a direction which cooperates with the direction of rotation of the shaft 58. In this way, the cutting head is turned in the direction of a desired one during operation Page pressed or applied to this.

As mentioned above, the excavation device is designed so that the cutting head rests in the direction of its own right side (left according to Fig. 2). As a result, the cutting tips 76 are in the form of a right-hand one A screw or a helix, seen from the rear of the device to the front same (left helix according to Fig. 2). This applies to clockwise running Rotation of shaft 58, seen from the right according to Fig. 3.

A pair of screw conveyors 78 are also mounted on the shaft 58 and 80 attached. These are attached running in opposite directions, around the fragments or chunks cut out by the cutting tips 76 in To promote the direction of the center of the shaft 58. A bucket body 82 (Figs. 2 and 23) extends from the control unit 28 'forward along the Bottom of the hole to be drilled and under the rear part of the cutting head 30. The bottom of the shovel 82 is connected to the control unit 28 by means of a pin 83 hinged.

The top of the bucket 82 is connected to the control unit by means of pegs 85 28 'connected. The pegs 85 slide in slots 87 so that the blade has a has a certain vertical flexibility or ability to deflect. The control unit 30 carries a pair of parallel screw conveyor sections 84 ', the forward ends thereof from the control unit 28 'forward over the shovel 82 and between the rear parts of the struts 56 of the cutting head 30 extend. If that The device is moved forward in the hole or shaft, then the cutting heads 76 chunks cut out with the help of conveyors 78 and 80 in the direction of the Middle of the shaft 58 promoted and are picked up by the shovel 82 when this is moved as a collector along the bottom of the shaft. The chunks will then directed backwards by the control unit 28 'with the aid of the conveyor sections 84' promoted.

Located on either side of the front end of the control unit 28 ' a side scraper 86. The scrapers or scrapers 86 are generally longitudinal the control unit 28 ', but their rear ends are connected by means of pins 88 hinged to the control unit so that the front ends move freely in and out can be pivoted on the outside in such a way that they touch the side walls of the shaft to be drilled follow. A floor scraper 90 is rigid on each of the side scrapers 86 near the Front end attached, and extends laterally inward from this. Within each scraper or scraper 86 is a single acting hydraulic Printing cylinder 92, which extends essentially in the longitudinal direction of the control unit 28 ' extends. Each of the printing cylinders 92 is attached to the main body with its cylinder body hinged to the control unit, while the piston is pivotable with the corresponding Floor scraper 90 is connected. Both connections are for horizontal pivoting purposes designed. So can the front ends the scraper or scraper through actuation of the pressure cylinder assemblies 92 pushed outwardly against the formation will. On the scraper 90 are a pair of laterally extending screw conveyors 94 provided, which together with the scratches 90 by cutouts 96 on the sides (Fig. 23) extend. The scratches 96 and 90 are used by the Tips 74 of the outer wheels 72 and separated by the tips 70 of the chains 68 Pick up fragments or chunks and guide them towards the conveyor 94.

The conveyors 94 in turn direct the debris into the bucket 82, from where it is transported backwards with the aid of the conveyor sections 84 ' will. In Fig. 3, the scraper 86 and the scoop 82 are for the sake of clarity Representation only partially reproduced.

As mentioned above, the rear ends are the struts or bars 56 of the cutting head by means of horizontal tenons 60 with the front side of the main body of the control unit 28 '.

In this way, the struts 56 can be vertical with respect to the Swivel the control unit. Each strut 56 has an upward projection 100 which is located above and slightly in front of the corresponding pin 60. At every Side of the machine is a pressure cylinder arrangement 98 for hydraulic coating or pivot control provided. The cylinder of each of the impression cylinder assemblies 98 is pivoted vertically on the main body of the control unit 28 'while the piston is connected to the corresponding extension 100 and is vertically pivotable. By retracting the pressure cylinder assemblies 98, the forward end of the cutting head 30 vertically raised or

be pivoted upwards, as in Fig. 3 at 30 'with dash-dotted lines Line routing is shown. Doing this can range from considerable larger vertical dimension can be removed than the dimension of the cutting head itself. The device can therefore have a maximum amount of Remove coal from coal seams or veins of various thicknesses and from a coal core, the thickness of which changes from position to position. With each of the impression cylinder assemblies 98, a servo valve 101 and a servo motor 103 are connected. The servo valve 101 and the servo motor 103 are used to control the stroke of the impression cylinder assembly 98 to be adjusted to a desired length, such that the amount of pivoting movement for the cutting head 30 is adjustable. Veritil 101 and motor 103 can can also be used to automatically and cyclically reciprocate the impression cylinder assembly 98 and move here.

The cutting head 30 is laterally elongated, i.e. its dimension from Side to side is considerably larger than its vertical dimension. One of the main uses of the mining equipment is mining thin seams or veins. The vertical dimension of the cutting head is primarily determined by the thinnest The seam cross-section determines which is to be mined by the device. The lateral dimension of the cutting head is primarily determined by the maximum, during a single Width to be drilled or cut so that still the Pillars of formation between the manholes stand close enough to each other to be a maintain adequate support.

4 and 7, the central part of the control unit 28 'is shown. For the purpose of a clear presentation of the various control and steering arrangements various structural parts of the control unit, in particular the main housing part, omitted. Suffice it to say that the main body of the case the control unit of those of the other column units 28 described below construction is equivalent to. The housing consists essentially of a rigid, box-shaped and pressure-transmitting structure on which the other components, such as the conveyor sections 84 ', the shovel 82, the scrapers 86, various impression cylinder arrangements etc. are appropriate.

According to FIGS. 4 and 5, the control unit has on its right side (lower side according to FIG. 4) a side control device. As stated above was, this arrangement is intended for a device in which the cutting head rests or presses on the right side.

The side control device can be provided from the left side of the device if this is in contact with the cutting head on the left.

The side control device includes a side control shoe 102.

The shoe 102 is attached to two pairs of links 104 and 106, which each have a laterally inner stationary end and a laterally outer pivotable end Show end. The stationary ends of the rear members 104 are means vertical spigot 108 attached to panels 110 that are rigid with the housing body connected to the control unit.

The pivotable ends of the rear brackets or links 104 are pivotally connected to the rear end of the shoe 102.

They are also connected to the end of the piston rod of a double-acting, hydraulic and lateral control serving pressure cylinder assembly 112 below Using a vertical tenon 114 connected.

The stationary ends of the front links or brackets 106 are means vertical pin 116 connected to plates 118, which in turn are rigidly connected to the main housing part connected to the control unit. The cylinder for lateral steering is expediently the one serving pressure cylinder arrangement 112 by means of a pin 116 with the plates 118 connected, although it is also by means of other devices at a different position on the main housing part the control unit can be articulated. The pivoting ends the front Links 106 are pivotable by means of a vertical pivot 120 at the front end of the shoe 102 articulated. The pivotable ends of all four links 104, 106 can directed backwards and pivoted laterally outwards, if the shoe 102 moves outward to the position shown in phantom at 102 ' is reproduced. The lines 102 'correspond to the maximum extension of the shoe 102 while in the fully retracted position of the shoe with extended Lines is reproduced. In the retracted position, the entire rudder control device lies within a recess 122 in the main housing part of the steering or control unit. It can be seen that the shoe 102 has different positions between the two can occupy extreme positions. The shoe 102 is made with the aid of the pressure cylinder assembly 112 moved out of the right side of the control unit and retracted into it again. The impression cylinder assembly 112 is oriented at an angle to the shoe 102 backwards and flexes sideways when extended and to move it forward and inward sideways when it is retracted will. The temples or links 104 and 106 limit the amount of movement of the shoe 102 and keep it parallel to the side of the control unit regardless of its position. The shoe 102 is brought into a position in which it fits against the right side wall of the shaft to be removed to counteract the tendency of the cutting head, to put on facing to the right during operation. The front of the device can thus be controlled in the horizontal direction such that the inclination of the Cutting head, facing to the right, in different ways is counteracted.

On the left side of the mining equipment in one of the side control arrangements opposite position is a sensor device, shown schematically at 124, intended. The sensor device senses this Presence of a bearing pillar of formation on the left side of the shaft to be drilled (54 in Fig. 1). The sensor preferably also senses a certain value, which corresponds to the strength of the load-bearing part, for example the actual one Strength, its thickness or its mass. The presence or absence of such The pillar of formation and the value of its strength or strength convey the Operator the requirements of horizontal control. The operator can therefore operate the side control device accordingly. Usually she likes trying hard be to maintain a more or less uniform pier thickness so that the The shaft runs essentially parallel to the last shaft drilled. Alternatively can take the dimensions from probe 124 electronically or otherwise directly can be entered into the controls of the side control device to create an automatic To bring about control or deflection. The sensing device 124 can be anyone appropriate shape, it can, for example, the adjacent pillar by emitting ultrasonic waves and by recording the time of the echoes. Microwaves, particle beams, laser beams, Low frequency waves etc. can be used. There is another possibility in the use of a vibrator or vibrator to support the wall of the pillar sweeps with a certain frequency, means are provided that the Measure the transmission of vibrations through the formation. The readings of the sensing devices are conveyed to the operator at a control station outside the shaft. This is done by means of suitable transmission devices, such as an electrical one Circuit (not shown).

A sensor device, such as the sensor device 124, enables continuous Measurement of the pillar from a remote position while the excavation device is at the same time bores. The pillar can also be replaced by a separate Device, so through a core measuring device can be measured. This is in the shaft along the dismantling device inserted, i.e. when the drilling operation is carried out during the insertion of a new column unit is stopped.

The control unit also has a pair of vertical steering or control devices on opposite sides of the base.

The vertical control units are very much like the side control units similar to the. Exception that their shoes are extended from the bottom of the control unit and can be withdrawn. Each of the vertical control devices has a shoe 126 by a pair of rear links 128 and a pair of front Limbs or stirrups 130 is worn. The innermost ends of links 128 and 130 are stationary, while the outer ends are pivotable. The stationary ends of the rear members 128 of each vertical controller are by means of horizontal Pegs attached to plates 132.

The panels 132 are rigid with the body of the control unit tied together. The pivotable ends of the rear members 128 are each vertical Control device are pivotally connected to the rear end of the shoe 126. At the same time, a horizontal bolt is connected to the piston rod by a hydraulic, double acting and vertically controlling pressure cylinder arrangement 134 connected.

The stationary and pivotable ends of the front links 130 each vertical steering or control device are by means of horizontal pins with plates 136 and the front ends of their shoe 126 connected. The plates 136 are rigid connected to the main housing part of the control unit. When the shoes 126 with the help their respective vertical impression cylinder assemblies 134 downward and backward are moved directed, then move the pivotable ends of the links 128 and 130 in vertical planes down and directed backwards, to keep the shoes 126 parallel to the floor of the control unit. As the bracket or Members 128 and 130 are short, it is more practical to use a short impression cylinder arrangement 134 to be used with a short stroke. Accordingly, the cylinder of the assemblies 134 not be connected to the plates 136. However, they are using appropriate approaches 138 connected between panels 132 and 136 on each vertical controller are located and are rigidly connected to the main housing part of the control unit.

The course shown in solid lines according to FIG. 5 gives the fully retracted position of the shoe 126 again. In this position the entire vertical steering or control device is located within its recess 140, which is provided in the housing of the control unit 28 '. The completely advanced The location of the shoe 126 is shown with dashed lines at 126 '. The shoe is by extending and retracting the pressure cylinder assembly 134 between these two positions movable. The operator of the dismantling device can Steer or steer the front part of the device vertically by changing the positions of the shoes 126 can be changed when they slide on the bottom of the shaft to be drilled. You can also tilt the device by extending a shoe 126 more than the other. Either or both shoes can have a floor sensor 135 exhibit. This corresponds to the sensors 137 on the top in detail below described construction.

During operation, the cutting head 30 generates a high torque, which has the tendency to lift the front of the device from the bottom of the hole or Lift off the shaft. To counteract this lifting movement, a pair is on top Control devices are provided on opposite sides of the top of the control unit. Each of the above Control units has an upper control or steering shoe 142, which can be pressed upwards by means of a pressure cylinder arrangement 144 in order to slide along the ceiling of the shaft. One of the steering shoes 142 or both can carry a sensor 137.

As best seen in Figures 6 and 7, the shoe 142 supported by a pair of temples or links 146 and 148. The stationary Ends of the rear links 146 and the front links 148 are means of horizontal Pins connected to respective plates 150 and 152. Plates 150 and 152 are rigidly connected to the main housing part of the control unit. The swiveling ones Ends of the front links 148 are pivotable by means of a horizontal pivot attached to the front end of the shoe 142. The ends of the rear links 146 are attached to the rear end of the shoe 142 by means of a horizontal tenon. The piston rod of the pressure cylinder assembly 144 is just below the connections of the links 146 are attached to the shoe 142 by means of a horizontal tenon. Of the Cylinder of the printing cylinder assembly 144 is connected to a projection 154, the is rigidly connected to the housing of the control unit.

The members 146 and 148 of the steering or steering shoes described above Art limit the amount of movement of the shoe 1 42 and keep it parallel with respect to the top of the control unit when the shoe is using the pressure cylinder arrangement extends and retracts from the top of the control unit. In Fig. 6 shows the shoe 142 in the fully retracted position. In this situation the entire upper control unit is located within a recess 156 in the Top of the control unit housing. In Fig. 7, the shoe 142 is in its shown in the fully extended position. In this position the shoe slides the ceiling 158 of the shaft.

The control or steering shoes 142 can be operated independently of one another to prevent the device from tipping over or to cause it to tip over.

The sensors 137 on the top and bottom and 135 are designed to be comparable to the sensor device 124. The feelers 137 can be used to measure the thickness of a layer of carbon 1 70 which at the top of the shaft near another layer 172 of rock or the like remains. The feelers 137 can measure the thickness of the layer 170 themselves. You can also determine other factors which indicate whether the cutting head is off too close to or not close enough to layer 1 to 72. To this In this way, a maximum amount of coal can be removed from the seam or the layer without getting into layer 172, causing a buildup of debris and a Destruction of the cutting head would result if the layer 172 of hard mass consists. The sensors 135 located on the underside are preferably identical with the upper feelers 137, however, sense the thickness of the carbon fiber at the bottom of the shaft (or another relevant factor).

The feelers or sensors 135, 137 can measure the thickness of the carbon layer or other materials to be mined by generating ultrasonic waves, Low frequency waves, microwaves, particle beams, laser beams, by creating mechanical vibrations etc. and by making their transmission and / or measure reflection through the coal layer and through the adjacent formation.

Another embodiment of a sensor arrangement is shown in FIG shown. The upper shoe 142 ′ carries a rotatable cutting edge or blade 400. This is done by pulling back a small hydraulic one Pressure cylinder arrangement 402 pushed upwards via a hinge. The joint has two rigid, interrelated connected arms 404, 406 which extend at an angle to one another. A transducer 408 measures the movement of the arm 406. If the blade 400 only cuts coal, the pressure cylinder assembly 402 makes it full Measure pressed upwards. If the layer 1 72 consists of harder stone and the blade 400 begins to penetrate into this position, it is directed downwards pressed. This movement is sensed by transducer 408.

Any of the top and bottom probes can be used to adjust the vertical deflection and pivoting of the operator to bring to the attention. It can also be connected directly to the controller for the vertical control devices as well as the pressure cylinders for the pivoting movements exist to automatically make the steering or control and pivoting can.

One of the column units 28 is shown in FIGS. 8-11. The case the unit 28 is essentially formed from immovable parts that are rigid are connected to each other. The main body includes a framework with longitudinally extending frame bodies 180-196 attached to the unit extend from end to end thereof and are connected to cross members 198-202. The frame bodies are at their points of intersection by means of welding or on others connected appropriately. The longitudinal and transverse frame bodies can be or connection points mutually grooved, so that a crossover the frame body is possible. The cross frame bodies 198-202 can consist of several sections exist, with each section between two adjacent ones Longitudinal frame bodies is located and is welded on the sides. According to FIG. 9, one side of the Column unit a number of vertical struts 204 and diagonal trusses or struts 206 which extend between the longitudinal frame bodies 192 and 194 and are rigid attached to these in such a way that the side of the unit forms a framework. The other side of the unit is constructed in the same way. She points vertical and diagonal struts (not shown) extending between the longitudinal frame bodies 180 and 196 extend. An upper cover 208, a lower cover 210 as also end covers 212 and 214 are rigidly connected to the framework, which through the longitudinal frame bodies 180-196, through the transverse frame bodies 198-202, and through the struts 204, 206 is formed.

The main body or the housing of the column unit is as essentially box-shaped structure, in particular in the form of a rectangular parallelepiped. The term "box-shaped" does not necessarily mean that all surfaces of the structure covered or that any of the sides or faces are completely covered is. The term is used in the broadest sense to mean general configuration of the body or housing of the unit. The structure of the control unit 28 'essentially corresponds to that of the other units 28, i.e. the control unit is of comparable shape and has longitudinal and transverse frame bodies, lateral Struts and covers on the top, bottom, and ends on. These are each provided in the appropriate position. The structure of the case the control unit differs from that of the other units primarily in that it has additional frame bodies that form the recesses for the Form control devices and control organs. The control unit 28 'as well as the others Column units 28 are stretched in the lateral direction, in the same sense how this applies to the lateral extension of the cutting head 30. In particular, the lateral and vertical dimensions of the housing or main body of the units 28, 28 'are about the same as those for the cutting head 30 with the exception his cutting wheels 72 apply.

Each of the control units 28 carries a pair of parallel screw conveyor sections 84, which extend along the length of the unit.

When the column assemblies are joined end to end, then the conveyor sections 84 are also connected to form two parallel column conveyors 38 (Fig. 1), extending along the length of the entire column arrangement extend. The shaft 84a of each conveyor section 84 is longitudinally spaced owning bearing blocks 216 and 218. The bearing blocks are on the cross frame bodies 198 and 200 attached. A corresponding pair of screws 224 (Fig. 20) serve to this, the upper and lower parts of each bearing 218 with each other as well as with the To connect transverse frame body 200. Each conveyor section can consist of three subsections exist, the shafts of which are screwed telescopically to the bearings 216, 218, that assembly and disassembly is possible. Openings 226 are at the top of the cross frame body 200 to access the screws 224. the front bearings 216 are constructed and assembled in a similar manner. One arrives to the bearings via doors 220 and 222 located in the top cover 208.

The front end of the shaft 84a of each conveyor section 84 terminates of the front end cover 212 and is equipped with a hexagonal sleeve 230. The rear end of each shaft 84a is provided with a hexagonal pin 232, which extends over the rear end cover 214. If the units are 28 are connected together, the pegs 232 of the conveyors 84 will fit into one unit in the Sleeves 230 of the conveyor 84 of the next unit, such that the torque can be transmitted along the entire conveyor 38. The drilling pressure itself, however, is primarily determined by the body or housing construction of the column units transfer. Preferably, the end walls 234 of the sleeve 230 and the shoulder are located 236 the pegs 232 sufficiently spaced within the ends of the housing, around a stop in the longitudinal direction and thus a transfer of pressure between to prevent the conveying sections 84.

A U-shaped trough 228 (Fig. 20) is rigid on suitable frame bodies attached and extends along the sides and along the bottom of each Conveyor section 84. The trough forms part of the housing structure of the unit and represents a line within which the conveying sections chunks or Can transport fragments. The conveyor sections are located inside of the box-shaped structure of the unit and thus become during movement of the unit and protected against destruction during the drilling process. The top cover 208 also protects the conveyor sections 84 from jamming or destruction Fragments that can fall down from the ceiling of the shaft.

The end covers 212 and 214 are cut out at 242 and 244, so that fragments or chunks from the troughs 228 of a unit into the trough of the next unit. Another trough 238 is along in the unit the length of which is provided and serves to accommodate lines 239, by means of which hydraulic fluid to the various hydraulic devices on the cutting head and on is fed to the control unit. The electrical wiring, a water hose and other parts can be added. One arrives over Doors 240 located in top cover 208 into trough 238.

The arrangement of conveyors and bearings of the control unit 28 'is shown in FIG essentially identical to that of the other column units 28, with the exception that the front ends of their conveyor sections 84 'extend over the front part of their housing extend and do not have the hexagonal tenons or bolts.

Each of the column units 28 has a pair of laterally spaced apart arranged female connector assemblies 242 (Fig. 12) extending from the front Extending end and a pair of laterally spaced lead-in connector assemblies 244, which are located at the rear end. The connection arrangements correspond a modified form of construction as disclosed in U.S. Patent 3,805 721 is described. As best seen in Figures 12-14, the lead-in connector assembly 244 has a stud 246 which is rigid with the housing or main body of the unit 28 is connected and extends outwardly from its end.

The pin 246 has a head 250 at its free end. At At its end used for fastening, the pin is equipped with a base 252. Extends between the head and the base 252 at the top and sides a groove 248. The female connector assembly includes a plate 254 which is rigidly attached to the end portion of the housing of the unit. Located in plate 254 There is an opening 256 for receiving the pin 246. The end cover 214 is at 262 cut out so that there is a possibility of introduction. Behind the plate 258, a hairpin locking body 258 is mounted so as to be vertically displaceable. That The lower end of the locking body 258 has a downwardly open slot 260, which is dimensioned so that it can be positioned over the groove 248 in the pin 246 (Fig. 22) fits.

Figures 12 and 14 show the locking body 258 in its raised position Position in front of the connection of the two units 28a and 28b. The locking body 258 extends up through an opening 264 in the top cover 208. The locking body is counterbalanced in this elevated position 266 held, which is located within the locking body 258. A couple outer arms 268 and 269 extend from counterweight 266 and are on the housing of the unit 28a near the locking body 258 by means of pin 270 pivotable hinged. A shorter arm 284 extends from counterweight 266 between Arms 268 and 269 and in the same direction as these arms. Arms 268 and 284 are immediately adjacent the sides of the locking body 258. The locking body 258 is raised to the raised position shown in FIG extends through opening 264 and engages a groove 282 in the locking body. When the locking body is pulled up through opening 264, grip Pins 278 extending from the sides of the locking body 258 within the tenons 270 extend into grooves 280 in arms 268 and 284 and raise the counterweight something on. The inclination of the counterweight 266, downward and toward the cover Pivoting 214 holds the locking body 258 in its upper position.

To connect the two units 28a and 28b, they become one another moved facing until the pin 246 entered the opening 256 as far as possible is. The base 252 is thus in alignment with the plate 254. The groove 248 is related to of slot 260 aligned.

Then on the top of the locking body 258 hit with a hammer to force pins 278 out of grooves 280. The locking body 258 then falls into the position shown in FIG. 13 downward. The slot 260 fits snugly enough the groove 248 to to prevent the head 250 and base 252 of the pin 246 from falling over the Move locking body 258 out if units 28a and 28b are inclined have to face each other or move away from each other. The dimension the groove 248 between the head 250 and the base 252 is slightly larger than the thickness of the lower part of the locking body 258 containing the slot 260. The parts of the connection arrangements are dimensioned so that a small Distance between the pin or

Pin 246 and the locking body 258 in the area of the groove 258 and slot 260 and between base 252 of post 246 and the edges of the There is opening 256 in plate 254. This allows for little bending movement between the units 28a and 28b when these are not under longitudinal compression. This bend helps prevent the connec tion arrangements become jammed with fractions or attacked by rust, corrosion or the like will. The flexibility is also beneficial to the breakage of the various parts the equipment should the dismantling device get stuck in the shaft and would have to be moved with great force.

Each of the units 28 has a pair of female connector assemblies at the front end and a pair of lead-in connector assemblies at the rear End on. The drive assembly 24 of the drive head 18 includes female connector assemblies on (construction described below). These are at the front end de r of the connection arrangements and serve to connect the drive head with the unit 28 most rearward in each case. The control unit 28 ' zu has only lead-in connection assemblies that are at the rear end to connect the control unit to the next unit 28.

As mentioned above, the units 28 are end-to-end with one another connected and in this way form a pressure-transmitting column arrangement. Of the Term "pillar" is used to mean a group of interconnected units to circumscribe, although this "column" extends essentially horizontally, so not vertically.

In any case, such a horizontal column must be strong enough to to transmit the drilling pressure without any significant bending, twisting or the like can occur. It is enabled that the column is not just pressure transmits, but can also direct and control the cutting head. Glide (or aileron) is accomplished by placing the furthest rearward unit under you makes a certain suitable angle. The rigid column maintains this general direction along their length. Exact control corrections or adjustments are made accomplished with the aid of the aforementioned steering or control arrangement on the control unit.

The determinants and the proportions used in each case can be determined in a known manner. The characteristics of the pillar of the group of each other related units are characterized by several key considerations determined: by the internal structural strength and rigidity or compressive strength of the individual units, through the pressure distribution and through the extent of the stop surface between adjacent units when pressurized by the drilling operation are.

The drilling pressure is primarily provided by the longitudinal frame bodies 180-196 of the Units 28 transferred. These longitudinal frame bodies are lateral over the entire and vertical extension of the unit. In particular, each is an elongated one Frame body 180, 192, 194 or 196 on each of the top and bottom side edges provided for each unit.

So the pressure is over the entire cross-sectional area of the unit distributed. An area is achieved which is in width dimensions is almost as wide as the cutting head and thus as the shaft itself is.

The difference between the lateral width of the units and that of the shaft (the latter is determined by the width of the cutting head including of the outer cutting wheels 72) is preferably sufficient to or steering device into operation and to prevent the dismantling device from being inside of the shaft is stuck. The width of the shaft or borehole exceeds that of the units preferably not by more than 20%. The vertical dimension of the cross-sectional area of the units corresponds essentially preferably that of the cutting head.

This dimension of the cutting head is only slightly smaller than corresponds to the minimum thickness of the mining coal layer. So the pressure becomes so preferably distributed over the largest possible cross-sectional area.

However, the longitudinal frame bodies do not act as independent of the pressure transmitting body, as is the case with devices of known type. she are instead included in a uniform, rigid housing construction, which acts as a single pressure-transmitting column body. The main body resp. The body structure of each unit has sufficient lateral and vertical dimensions and sufficient internal rigidity to be inflexible under longitudinal compressive loads to stay. Because the pressure over the entire lateral and vertical extent each Unit is distributed, covers the stop area between adjacent units likewise this entire cross-sectional area. Thus there is no tendency to Bending between adjacent units when they are under pressure, i.e. under the drilling pressure (Fig. 13). All of these factors contribute to the columnar characteristic of the units.

In Fig. 15-19 the drive head 18 of the mining device is shown.

The drive head has a base frame 22, which is outside of the shaft or borehole rests on the ground. The frame can be fitted with a Number of tips 284 to be anchored to the ground.

These tips are pivotable near the lower side of the frame 22 appropriate. Each tip 284 is rigidly connected to an upstanding member 286. The links 286 on either side of the frame 22 are pivotable with a rod 288 connected, which extends in the longitudinal direction along this frame side. One hydraulic ram assembly 290 connects rod 288 and the frame 22nd

By extending the impression cylinder assembly 290, the rod 288 moved backwards. The links 286 and the tips connected to them 284 are around their pivot connections with the frame 22 in the dashed lines at 284 ' pivoted position shown so that the tips dig into the ground and anchor the frame 22.

The drive head 18 has a guide or rail frame 20, which is attached to the base frame 22. The front ends of the two Frames are pivotally connected by means of horizontal pins 292 such that the rear end of the frame 20 with respect to the frame 22 raised and lowered can be.

These movements are made with the aid of a turnbuckle device 294 generated that connects the rear ends of the two frames.

Due to the vertical pivoting movement, the rail or guide frame can be used to adjust the pressure transmitting column at an angle which corresponds to the slope of the carbon core. Finer settings are made using the Control unit of the construction described above accomplished.

The drive arrangement 24 can be moved back and forth in the longitudinal direction stored on the frame 20. The drive arrangement has guide wheels on both sides 298, which in corresponding rails or guides 300 on both sides of the frame 20 are stored. A pair of chains 302 extend longitudinally of the sides of the rail frame 20. The ends of the chains 302 are at 304 with the Rail frame connected. Each of the chains 302 runs under an intermediate sprocket 306, over a drive sprocket 308 and under another intermediate sprocket 310. The corresponding sets of sprockets for the two chains 302 are on the opposite sides of the drive assembly 24 supported. The drive chain sprockets 308 are also through a chain 314 through the drive assembly 24 carried reversible motor 312 driven.

Near the bottom of the front end of the drive assembly 24 is a pair of female connector assemblies 242 'are provided around the drive assembly 24 to be connected to the furthest rearward unit 28. The connection arrangements 242 'are comparable to the arrangements 242 of the column units, i.e. they point Plates 254 'to with openings and with hairpin locking bodies 258'. she differ from the arrangements 242 on the column units in that the locking bodies 258 'are not operated manually but by hydraulic cylinder assemblies 352 can be actuated.

The impression cylinder assemblies 352 make use of the counterweight assemblies dispensable in order to keep the locking body in its raised position. If the rear column unit drive assembly is connected, then lies they on the rails 296 of the frame 20. When the motor 312 is actuated the drive assembly 24 with the entire column of units 28-28 'and with the Cutting head 30 moved forward or backward, with rails 296 direct the column in the direction of the slope of the frame 20.

The drive assembly also has a pair of parallel prop shafts 316, the front ends of which are equipped with the hexagonal sleeve 318. the Sleeves 318 are used to connect to the shafts 84a of the conveyor sections 84 of the rear pillar unit 28. The shafts 316 are driven by respective motors 321 driven via belt 322 and gear 320, so that the entirety of each column conveyor is set in rotation. The torque is through the hexagonal connections transferred between the conveyor sections. The rear ends or outlet ends the column conveyors are located near the inlets of three screw conveyors 40. Each conveyor 40 has a screw conveyor 324 which rests on a shaft 324a sits and is guided in a tube 326. The conveyors run from the column conveyors directed upwards and backwards. The shafts 324a are driven by a motor 328 driven, the drive via belt 330 or similar drive elements happens. The outlets of the conveyors 40 communicate with chutes 333, which the fragments onto the transverse conveyor belt attached to the drive assembly 42 passed. The conveyor belt 42 is over a belt 336 with the aid of a motor 332 powered. The chunks or fragments are conveyed with the aid of the conveyor 42 promoted to one side of the drive head. A longitudinal belt conveyor 44 (Fig. 1) runs along the sides of the drive head 18 and takes the fragments or chunks from the cross conveyor 42 on. This recording happens regardless of the position of the drive assembly on the frame. The conveyor 44 carries the fragments or chunks to the rear of the drive head, where they are transferred to the conveyor 46.

Except for the primary drive, which has chains 302, the sprockets 306-310, the motor 312 and the belt 314, the drive head 18 also has Auxiliary or power take-offs on which an additional power convey, to move the drive assembly 24 relative to the rail frame 20, if the cutter head 30 or the column of units 28-28 'jammed within the well should be.

The auxiliary drive device consists of a pair of hydraulic ones Pressure cylinder assemblies 344, which are preferably reversibly movable and are on opposite sides of the drive head. The cylinder 348 each the impression cylinder assembly 344 is connected to the drive assembly. The piston rods 346 of the pressure cylinder arrangements 344 are connected to one another by means of a cross tube 340 tied together. This tube lies between the sides of the frame 20 and freely opposite this. A second tube 342 is slidably guided in each end of the tube 340. The track frame has a number of vertical bars 338 along each side on. When the auxiliary drive device is not in use, the Tubes 342 completely within tube 340, i.e. free from the sides of the rail frame 20, as shown in the lower half of FIG. If it is desired To use the auxiliary drive assembly, the tubes 342 are connected to a suitable Tool gripped and laterally pulled outwards, with them between appropriate Pairs of rods 338 arrive, as shown in the upper half of the illustration Fig. 19 can be seen. The tube 342 rests against one of the rods 338, between which it lies (most rearward pole, if the cutting head is to be retracted and the rod furthest forward in each case, if the cutting head is to be pushed forward). Thus the piston rods 346 on the rail frame 20 against movement in the direction of the adjacent rod 338 fixed. The pressure cylinder assemblies 348 are then actuated, either alone or together with the primary drive to move the cutting head under power.

L e r s e i t e

Claims (29)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Dismantling device, characterized in that the Dismantling device has a cutting head (30) with a device for the cutting dismantling of a Formation with the side-to-side dimension of the cutter head being substantial is greater than in the vertical direction that a pressure-transmitting pressure is applied to the cutting head (30) Column (28 ...; 28 ') is connected and directed backwards from the cutting head extends, the dimensions of the column being considerably larger from side to side are than in the vertical direction that the column does not have a pressure transmission serving conveyor (38) carries, which is essentially on the entire length of the column extends, and that at the rear end of the column with respect to the cutting head Drive head (18) is connected and operable to aid the cutting head to push the column into a formation to be mined. 2. Dismantling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the column is formed from several column units (28 ...; 28 ') which are detachable end to end are in communication with each other, the foremost of the column units being detachable with the cutting head while the rearmost column unit is detachably connected to the drive head (18), and that the conveyor (38) consists of several Conveyor sections, which are arranged end to end and through which one of the Column units are supported. 3. Dismantling device according to claim 2, characterized in that each of the Column units have a housing main body of a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape shows. 4. Dismantling device according to claim 2, characterized in that the housing each column unit has a top cover (208) and that the conveyor sections located under the top cover of the corresponding column unit. 5. Dismantling device according to claim 4, characterized in that the housing each column unit is of box-shaped construction and that the conveyor sections are located within the box-shaped structure of the corresponding column units. 6. dismantling device according to claim 5, characterized in that the housing each column unit also has a bottom cover (210), two end covers (212, 214) and several struts (204) on both sides. 7. Dismantling device according to claim 5, characterized in that the column conveyor (38) consists of a screw conveyor. 8. Dismantling device according to claim 7, characterized in that there are two Column conveyors extend along substantially the entire length of the column, run parallel to each other and are supported by the column. 9. mining device according to claim 7, characterized in that each of the Column units further includes a trough (228) extending along the sides and extends to the underside of the respective conveyor sections. 10. Dismantling device according to claim 2, characterized in that the foremost Column unit is designed as a control unit (28 ') and has means to the Control cutting head (38). 11. Dismantling device according to claim 10, characterized in that the Control device has a side control shoe, which optionally from a Side of the control unit can be extended and retracted laterally, and that the Cutting head has means that push it laterally in the direction of this one side. 12. Dismantling device according to claim 11, characterized in that the Cutting head has a laterally extending shaft, means which rotate the shaft and a helical, central cutting assembly, its course is chosen so that the cutting head during the cutting process in the direction this creates one page. 13. Dismantling device according to claim 11, characterized in that the Control unit has a device, which the existence of a pillar of Formation on the side of the control unit senses which one is opposite to this one side lies. 14. Dismantling device according to claim 13, characterized in that the the presence of the Fo rmationspfeil ers sense device also effective is to sense a determinant that reflects the strength of the pillar. 15. Dismantling device according to claim 12, characterized in that the The cutter head further includes a pair of side cutters attached to the opposing ones Sides of the center cutter are located laterally outside the column unit that a conveying device provided on the cutting head which passes through the cutting device separated fragments of formation fed to the column conveyor, and that a Pick-up device transfers the severed fragments of the formation to the conveyor on the cutting head. 16. Dismantling device according to claim 10, characterized in that the Control device has a ground control shoe, which from the bottom of the Control unit can be extended vertically and retracted back into the ground. 1 7. dismantling device according to claim 16, characterized by a device which pivots the cutting head vertically with respect to the control unit. 18. Dismantling device according to claim 17, characterized in that the Control unit has means which determine the thickness of a layer sense of formation above the control unit. 19. Dismantling device according to claim 16, characterized in that the Control device has two ground control shoes, which are located on opposite sides Sides of the control unit are located and independent of each other from the bottom of the control unit can be extended and retracted vertically. 20. Dismantling device according to claim 10, characterized in that the Control unit has a control shoe located on the top, which can be extended vertically from the top of the control unit and is retractable again in such a way that the control shoe attaches to the above the Control unit applies the formation to create a reaction force against the to generate forces generated by the cutting head. 21. Dismantling device according to claim 20, characterized in that the Control unit has two such upper control shoes, and that this of the Top of the unit can be extended and retracted independently of each other and optionally are. 22. Dismantling device according to claim 2, characterized in that the drive head comprises a rail frame, furthermore a drive arrangement which is mounted on the rail frame arranged and with the column unit located furthest back is releasably connected, and that the drive arrangement by means of a reversible primary drive is movable in the longitudinal direction along the rail frame. 23. Dismantling device according to claim 22, characterized in that the Rail frame has a chain which extends in the longitudinal direction of the frame and that the drive assembly is anchored at its ends to the rail frame has a sprocket that engages the chain, as well as one with the Sprocket connected reversible motor, which rotates the sprocket and thus moving the drive assembly along the chain. 24. Dismantling device according to claim 22, characterized in that the The drive head also has an auxiliary drive device, which the drive arrangement moved in the longitudinal direction along the rail frame. 25. Dismantling device according to claim 24, characterized in that the Auxiliary drive device consists of a hydraulic pressure cylinder arrangement, which comprises a pair of telescopically movable bodies, one of which bodies is connected to the drive assembly, and that a device optionally the other of the telescopic bodies against movement in one direction with respect to the rail frame fixed. 26. Dismantling device according to claim 22, characterized in that the Drive head has a conveyor to the formation fragments from the column conveyor feed to the rear end of the drive head. 27. Dismantling device according to claim 22, characterized in that the Rail frame has guide means to the column in the longitudinal direction of the rail frame respectively. 28. Dismantling device according to claim 27, characterized in that the Drive head has a base frame that the rail frame is pivotable on the base frame is hinged and that a device optionally the rear end of the rail frame pivots with respect to the base frame. 29. Dismantling device according to claim 28, characterized in that the Drive head further comprises means for anchoring the base frame in the ground.