DE2712279A1 - DEVICE FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF GOODS TO BE TREATED, IN PARTICULAR MADE OF ALUMINUM OR MAGNESIUM ALLOYS - Google Patents

Description

PROLIZENZ AG F.W. ELHAUS

Device for the heat treatment of goods to be treated, in particular made of aluminum or magnesium alloys

709840/0816

Patent attorney Dr.-Inc. P- '- »esegang
8000 Munich Gy - Mühldortstrasse 25

The invention relates to a device for the heat treatment of goods to be treated, such as cast strands and bars, as well as blocks, rods, tubes and Like., In particular made of aluminum or magnesium alloys, the good in particular heated with a higher temperature of the heat transfer medium such as hot air or hot gas than a desired heat treatment temperature and is then kept at the heat treatment temperature.

A procedure and a device of this type has been proposed (German Patent application P 23 49 765.6), with which several advantages can be achieved over conventional known methods and devices.

The individual treatment of the goods, i.e. the treatment not of pack-like batches, but of long individual strands or groups of shorter bars lying one behind the other, ensures a largely constant quality because every single strand or bar has the same heating and warming conditions. The short warm-up time enables better coordination the warming-up and the keeping-warm phase on top of each other. For example, the heating time for an ingot made of an aluminum alloy to a final temperature of 500 up to 600 C, depending on the billet diameter, 10 to 30 minutes when heated by direct exposure to flames and / or hot gas jets. By heating the bars in a separate heating furnace is an exact individual Temperature control possible during the heating process. This temperature control as well as the individual adjustability of the cycle sequence of the goods in the preheating furnace and the throughput speed through the holding furnace allow an adjustment to a changed cycle sequence, as it can be desirable due to sequential equipment, different alloys to be treated, interrupted operation and partial load operation, with great flexibility.

Because of the large heating capacity of the heating furnace and the increased throughput is the ratio of investment costs to production capacity for the known Establishment low. Finally, a continuous flow of material is made possible. All of this leads to a considerable rationalization effect compared to the usual Procedures and facilities.

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The invention is now based on the object of providing the known device with a view to further increasing the uniformity of the quality of the material properties and the geometric shape of the goods as well as economic efficiency to improve.

To solve this problem, a device of the type mentioned at the beginning According to the invention provided that the transport device in the holding furnace means for rotating the separated goods about its longitudinal axis during transport and the cooling station means for preferably continuously rotating the has isolated goods during the cooling process.

By rotating the separated goods around their longitudinal axis in a controlled manner In the holding furnace as well as at the cooling station, the uniformity of the quality is improved by the fact that the temperature effect on the goods is very even from all sides and along the length. But above all, there will be a warping or bending of the bars is completely avoided, or existing bends are eliminated and thus excellent straightness, i.e. the quality of the shape of the goods is achieved. This is also the case when the length of the goods varies.

In the device according to the invention, the effort for handling is on Minimum reduced.

The holding furnace can preferably be heated electrically or with fuel has a forced circulation of the furnace atmosphere. The heating furnace can also be heated in this way, provided that it is only ensured that the heating temperature of the heat transfer medium is higher than the heat treatment temperature of the material is in the holding furnace. In an advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that the transport device has fixed bars with sawtooth-like depressions with inclined surfaces for the goods that are slightly inclined in the transport direction as well as having lifting beams which can be driven in the lifting direction and independently thereof in the transport direction, which between and in the rest position under the stationary beams

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and a flat surface for picking up the goods as well as on it in Prismatic spacings that exceed the diameter of the goods Have stops, and by means of which the goods are lifted out of a depression and deposited in a controlled manner on the inclined surface of the next depression from where the goods, due to their own weight, come into contact with the lifting beam, which has now been lowered in a controlled manner against the lifting direction the depression rolls.

The invention is illustrated in more detail below with reference to schematic Drawings of exemplary embodiments explained in more detail. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a device according to the invention with two Heating furnaces and a downstream holding furnace;

2 shows a cross section through a heating furnace which is preferably used in a device according to the invention;

3 shows a section along the line HI-III in FIG. 2;

4 shows a longitudinal section through a holding furnace which can be used in the device according to the invention, with a transport device designed according to the invention;

Fig. 5 is a partial section along the line V-V in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6a to Oe chronologically successive transport phases during the transport of the goods through the holding furnace and

7 and 8 a broken longitudinal section and a cross section along the line VIII-VIII in FIG. 7 by a cooling station connected downstream of the heating furnace.

In the schematic plan view according to FIG. 1, the reference numeral 1 denotes bars or bolts. The bars or bolts 1 are individually automatically converted from a loading device or a magazine 2 to a transport device 8 Transferred, which, seen in FIG. 1, can feed heating furnaces 3 arranged to the left and right of it in the direction of the horizontal arrows. The bars or bolts 1 are pushed into the heating furnace 3 in the steady state

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Applying hot gases or flames quickly to the required heating temperature brought. Thereafter, the individually heated bars are brought out again from the respective heating furnace 3 and one after the other by the transport device 8 in a holding furnace 4. This holding furnace 4 is as Continuous furnace designed and works with moving hot gas, e.g. hot air. The high glow or holding temperature is determined over the length of the holding furnace within kept constant within a narrow tolerance range, so that the ingots reach the high-annealing temperature after entering the holding furnace, provided that they are at the Not yet fully heated after a short walk in the holding furnace reach.

By changing the warm-up time, i.e. the time in which the bars 1 in the heating furnaces 3 are held, and by regulating the burner, the heating temperature can be set sensitively and in wide ranges, whereby an even heating of the bars is always achieved.

The alloy composition and the desired structure of the ingot material can be taken into account by changing the throughput speed and the temperature in the holding furnace 4, for example by regulating the temperature of the hot air gas _/.

In the holding furnace 4 there are devices for partially rotating the bars in steps 1 is provided around its longitudinal axis, so that it is heated completely evenly and warping or warping cannot occur, and warped bars are straightened. Straighten the ingots plasticized by the annealing due to their own weight.

After exiting the holding furnace 4, the bars become a cooling station where the bars are individually cooled with water and / or air as they pass through. At the cooling station 6 is a device shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 in detail arranged for rotating the ingot during cooling, so that here too due to

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Even cooling effect from all sides warping or warping and Differences in the structure of the bars are avoided.

The bars 1 pass from the cooling station 6 to a magazine 7, from where they can be fed directly or indirectly for further processing at another location.

The separation of warming up and keeping warm opens up the possibility of an individual Regulation of the temperature and above all the cycle sequence or the transport speed in the warming up and keeping warm phase. This leads to a very high degree of flexibility in the overall facility, i.e. an optimal adaptation option in each case to the different requirements in operation, such as the implementation the different annealing temperatures desired in practice at different Lodgings, an intermittent operation or a partial load operation in adaptation to civic facilities or to blockages in the bar supply. Because of the fast Heating with direct exposure to flames or hot gas jets in the heating furnace is the space requirement of the entire system compared to conventional systems The material flow is significantly improved and the material throughput is significantly improved increased due to the continuous or quasi-continuous process.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show a heating furnace which can be used, for example, in detail.

The length of the heating furnace is such that an ingot is the largest in practice occurring length (7 to 8 m) fits in lengthways. In the heating furnace 3 is a double-strand conveyor chain 13 with supporting devices attached to it intended for the ingot 1 to be heated. The support devices 12 protrude into a cylindrical hearth space 15 formed by two hearth shells 4 through a Longitudinal gap into it. The lower ends of the cooker shells can be swiveled up mounted on a support rail 16 and spaced apart from one another by spacers 17 above the stove shells are supported by radial support strips 18 on the furnace wall. By removing the spacer 17 and pivoting it slightly

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The cooker shells 14 can be easily expanded.

The hearth shells 14 have four rows of radially directed towards the ingot 1 Openings 22, in which also radially directed rows of nozzles 21 of Premix boxes 19, 20 open. The radially directed rows of nozzles extend over the entire length of the hearth shells 14. The lower rows of nozzles are arranged close to the carrying devices 12 and are directed obliquely upwards, while the two upper rows of nozzles are offset by about 90 to the respective lower rows of nozzles and are directed obliquely downwards. The upper rows of nozzles can be set opposite the lower rows of nozzles.

Due to the described arrangement of the rows of nozzles, when the Bars 1 or 1 '(smaller diameter) the surfaces for heat transfer optimally used, so that a rotationally symmetrical temperature distribution over the Cross-section of the ingot is achieved. The power of the nozzles 21 can be set differently so that, on the one hand, at the end of the warm-up time, the respective On the other hand, the desired temperature distribution in the bars is achieved At the beginning of the heating time, lift the bar ends slightly from the support devices 12, thus, due to the increase in length of the bars due to the warming, none large horizontal thrust forces can be exerted on the conveyor chains 13.

The support devices 12 for the bars 1 and T have where they \ between penetrate the two hearth shells 14 formed gap, a rectangular in cross-section Shank that closes the gap except for one required for thermal expansion Fills the safety distance to the sides.

The flue gases leave the hearth space 15 upwards through that of the hearth shells 14 and the spacers 17 formed gap and are together with fresh air from outside the hearth shells by a suction fan 25 via the suction channel 26

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sucked off. The outer cladding also serves as an air duct for the fresh air drawn in.

The pipes 28 required for mixing and metering the fuel or hot gas and a device 29 for measuring the temperature of the bolts 1 and T are arranged on the right side of the furnace in FIG.

For heating, the bars are pushed into the furnace by the transport device 8 and taken over by the support devices which are moved by the double-strand conveyor chain 13. The drive for the double-strand conveyor chain is controlled by limit switches, not shown, which switch off the drive when a Ingot 1 runs against a stop 30 at one end of the hearth shells 14.

Evenly spaced over the length of the hearth bowls 14, not The sensors shown measure the length of the respective bar 1. This Sensors control the DUs 21 in groups in such a way that only one number of DUs corresponding to the length of the bar is actuated during heating. The heating is only switched on when a corresponding bar 1 has reached the position shown in FIG has reached the stop 30.

With shorter billet lengths, it is also possible that the heating furnace 3 with several bars lined up one after the other in the longitudinal direction is charged.

Continuous operation can also be implemented with the heating furnace shown. The bars 1 are heated in the moving state. The operation is there, however appropriately intermittent, so that the necessary adaptation to the subsequent annealing time in the holding furnace 4 is achieved.

The holding furnace 4 shown in longitudinal section in Fig. 4 is designed for continuous operation and is heated by means of hot gas, e.g. hot air, which is blown by a centrifugal fan 40 against the ingots 1 or V to be kept warm and in the furnace is circulated.

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The bars lie in sawtooth-like depressions 42 with inclined surfaces 42a of Stationary beams 44 extending longitudinally through the furnace chamber 43. The beams

44 are arranged with gaps, of which at least two have a width χ (Fig. 5). Due to the spaces dimensioned in this way, lifting beams 45 lying between and parallel to the beams 44 and which have horizontal flat surface pieces 45 'for receiving the bolts 1 or 1', with these surface pieces 45'dtirth prismatic stops in the form of the flat surfaces of the Lifting beam welded-on angle profiles 46 are limited . Adjacent angular profiles 46 have a distance at least approximately corresponding to the distance between adjacent depressions 42 and, compared to the length k of the flat surface pieces 45 '/ fcI, a longitudinal stretch I, so that round bars 1,1' of the usual diameter can roll on the surface pieces 45 '. The angle profiles 46 only serve as normally unused safety stops if the bars 1, 1 'start to rotate for any reason, for example in the raised state, for example due to a twist obtained on each lifting beam during lifting

45 attack from below three lifting elements distributed over the length of the walking beam in the form of lifting tubes 50 with a square cross-section , which are vertically movable but non-rotatable in rectangular longitudinal slots 51 in the bottom 52 of the holding furnace. One of these longitudinal slots 51 is shown in phantom in FIG. 5, in which the bottom 52 has been omitted, for better understanding.

A nut 53 is welded into the lower end of each lifting tube 50, through which a spindle 54 screwed to it. Each spindle 54 carries at its lower end a bevel pinion 55 which meshes with a bevel pinion 56 offset by 90. All bevel pinions 56 are arranged on a common, horizontal shaft 57 which can be driven by a gear motor 58 in order to raise the lifting tubes and thus the lifting beam 45.

The shaft 57 is mounted in housings 47, one of which is assigned to a spindle 54 with lifting tube 50 and the associated cone pinion pair 55, 56 receives.

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The motor 58 and the housing 47 are mounted on a carriage 59 which is on Rolls 60 is movable. This carriage is horizontally on the ground or on rail 62 in a horizontal position via a double-acting drive cylinder 61 Direction movable by a stroke y, which corresponds approximately to the horizontal component of the length of the inclined surface 42a. The vertical stroke ζ of the lifting beam 45, which can be generated via the described lifting device with the motor 58 is dimensioned in such a way that the lifting beam 45 with the angle profiles 46 is lowered Position under the bars 1.1 'can be freely moved and raised in Position the bars 1,1 'lying on the walking beam 45 during horizontal transport not on the inclined surfaces 42a of the sawtooth-like depressions 42 of the stationary Bar 44 run up.

In a / preferred embodiment (shown in FIG. 4 for the left spindle drive) the nut 53 of each spindle drive is rotatably mounted in the housing 47 and is fixedly connected to the bevel pinion 55 or in one piece. In this case, the spindle 54, which is screwed to the nut 53, is firmly connected to the lower end of the lifting tube 50 and cannot be rotated, but can be moved vertically in its axial direction in the housing 47. All parts of the spindle drive are accommodated and stored in the housing 47 and the lifting tube 50 no longer contains any moving parts of the drive. This is advantageous for assembly and maintenance.

In the following, the functional sequence when transporting the bolt 1 by means of the The transport device described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 is described with reference to FIGS. 6a to 6e.

In the rest position of the lifting beam 45 (FIGS. 4 and 6 a), the angle profiles 46 are offset slightly in front of the depressions 42. In principle, the transport mechanism would also be functional without the angle profiles 46, that is to say with a lifting beam 45 with a continuous horizontal flat surface.

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As can be seen from Fig. 6a, there is an ingot 1 with a larger diameter. with the center in the recess offset against the direction of transport A. 42. This results from the smaller slope of the inclined surface 42a in comparison to the unmarked counter surface.

In the rest position according to FIG. 6a, the bars lie in the depressions 42 of the stationary bars 44. In this position, the lifting bars 45 lie below the stationary bars. By operating the spindle drives, the lifting beams are now in Lifting direction B pushed upwards, reaching under the bars 1 and lifting them out of the recesses 42 by the stroke ζ upwards (Fig. Ob).

After completion of this lifting movement, each lifting beam 45 is viewed by means of the drive cylinder 61 in the transport direction A by the advance y in FIG. 6c moved right. Here, the bars 1 get over the inclined surface 42a of the in the direction of transport next depressions 42 in the stationary beam 44 (FIG. 6c). This ensures that the bars that have already been bent before the heat treatment are transported through the hot-bonding furnace without any problems.

After the end of the advance of the bar in transport direction A, the spindle drive is operated again, but now in the opposite direction B 'to stroke direction B. The speed of this movement is controlled so that the bars are gently lowered onto the inclined surfaces 42a of the stationary bar (Fig. 6d) . Due to their own weight, the bars 1 now roll on the inclined surfaces 42a into the depressions 42. In doing so, they rotate through an angle ck (FIG. 6e). This rolling movement, however, is controlled by the lowering movement of the lifting beam in direction B ', ie braked in such a way that the shape and surface of the ingot, which is heated to plasticity, is not generated when it arrives in the recess 42.

The length and inclination of the inclined surfaces 42a are dimensioned so that the bars with get into the recesses 42 rotated by the angle <*, So for each subsequent depression with a different circumference, see above

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that these other circumferential areas with the circulated hot gas or come into contact with the circulated hot air. This allows the bars Maintain a very uniform temperature in all of its areas. The rolling of the bars controlled by the lowering movement of the walking beam 45 on the inclined surfaces 42a leads to the fact that the bars, due to their own weight, automatically remove any that has arisen for any reason Curvatures are straightened.

In the manner described, the bars 1 are while avoiding any constraint between the Hubbaiken 45 and the stationary beam 44 by the Holding furnace transported, so that the risk of damaging the bar surfaces is practically eliminated.

In the same cycle as the lifting movement of the lifting beam 45, the oven doors 48, 49 opened for supplying and dispensing bars 1 and 1 ', respectively. The oven doors 48, 49 are shown in dashed lines in FIG. 4 and broken off in the opened position shown. The holding furnace 4 can also be charged and emptied in the longitudinal direction of the bars 1 through doors provided on one side of the holding furnace take place, the doors 48, 49 then being omitted.

In practice, the bars 1 can have weights of the order of magnitude of 1 t each (= 1 Mp). From the shown transport device then depending on the total number of bars between 25 and 40 t that can be accommodated in the holding furnace can be lifted, lowered and transported in a controlled manner. This is with a conventional combined drive, such as an eccentric drive, is not possible and is only achieved by separating the lifting and transport movement the invention realizable.

The shower device shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 has a shower chamber 70, on the inside of the upper wall 71 one of several mutually aligned in the longitudinal direction

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directed sections 72 of existing, closed water channel is attached. Each section 72 of the water channel has a separate water inlet 73 and is provided on its lower wall with spray holes 74 which are arranged closely adjacent to one another in a row in the longitudinal direction of the water channel. Below the water channel, a shaft 75 and several aligned axes / a 76 as well as a shaft 77 extend through the shower chamber in the same direction and parallel to one another. The shafts 75,77 and the axles 76 are fixed to the housing in truncated Lagerbäcken 78, wherein not only the shafts 75, 77 but also the Achsen76 in bearings 79, 80 are rotatable.

The shaft 75, which can be driven via a geared motor 81 arranged outside the shower chamber 70, carries rollers 82 arranged on it in a rotationally fixed manner at regular intervals.

The axes 76 are pivotably arranged in a swing structure with at least two swing arms b4 and the shaft 77. In the normal position shown in FIG. 7, the axes 76 lie in the same horizontal plane as d; _e shaft 75 and from this at a distance adapted to the dimensions of the ingots 1 or 1 'to be treated.

On the axes 76 rollers 83 of the same diameter as the rollers 8 2 of the shaft 75 are loosely rotatably arranged. The rollers 82, 83 are assigned to one another in pairs and form a prismatic receptacle for the bars 1 and 1 ', respectively. The rockers 84 supporting the axes 76 are firmly connected to the shaft 77 . This shaft 77 can be pivoted via one or two pressure medium cylinders 85 and an interposed link lever 86, which is connected to the shaft 77 in a rotationally fixed manner with respect to the rocker arms offset in the longitudinal direction and to the piston rod of the pressure medium / linder 85 in an articulated manner. The rocker 84 is shown in a swiveled position with dash-dotted lines.

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There is also at least one transfer arm 88 for introducing the bars 1 into the shower device, which is pivotable about the axis of the shaft 75 via a cylinder b9 with piston rod 94 between the two positions shown in FIG.

ι In the lower part of the shower chamber 70 there is a collecting tub 90, from

the lowest point of which is a vertically downwardly directed drain pipe 91. The shower device described is used as follows.

A hot bar 1 or 1 'coming from the holding furnace is passed through a The roller conveyor 92 arranged laterally along the shower device is approached. Here the piston rod of the cylinder 89 is retracted so that the transfer arm 88 lies below the path of the ingot. Then the cylinder 89 is extended and so that the transfer arm 88 is lifted to take over the bar 1 in the dash-dotted position, so that the bar roll on the flat surface 93 of the transfer arm 88, which is now slightly inclined towards the rollers b2,83, and thereby into the prismatic recording between the rollers 83, 82 can get. So that the During the transfer, the bar 1 does not fall into the roller prism formed by the rollers 82, 83 and is damaged in the process, the cylinder 85 becomes at the same time with the cylinder 89 extended or is still in the extended state from the previous work phase, in which the rocker 84 is the raised, position shown in phantom. In this position, the roller 83 catches the on the transfer arm rolling down bars 1 soft and without risk of injury the bar surface. Thereafter, the cylinder 85 is retracted again, so that the rocker 84 is controlled in the lowered position shown in solid lines, whereby the bar is inserted softly into the roller prism. Then begins the gear motor 81, the shaft 75 and thus the rollers 82 seen in FIG To rotate clockwise, whereby the ingot 1 is set on the roller prism 82, 83 in a counterclockwise direction in continuous rotation about its longitudinal axis. The rockers 84 with the axes 76 and rollers U3 are in the lower basic

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position resiliently supported by the remaining air column in the cylinder 85 even in the lowered state, so that possibly during the rotation of the Barrens 1 occurring blows are flexibly intercepted and the risk of surface damage or warping of the bars by such blows is avoided. Now water is poured onto the bars 1 or 1 'via the spray holes 74

injected. Since the spray holes 74 over the entire length of the ingot with little Are spaced apart, a very even cooling of the Barrens scored. To eject the cooled ingot, use the previous Pulling in the piston rod 94 of the cylinder 89 and thus pivoting the transfer arm 88 into the intermediate position shown at 93 ', the piston rod 87 of the cylinder 85 extended, so that the rockers 84 and thus the axis 76 move from the solid position to the dot-dash position. This will turn the ingot off the prismatic receptacle between the rollers 82, 83 out to the now after auuen inclined surface 93 * of the transfer arm moved, from which he on the Roller table 92 is stored for further handling in that the piston rod 94 of the cylinder 89 is completely retracted and the transfer arm 93 thereby reaches the lowest position shown in solid lines.

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Claims (12)

Expectations 1. Device for the heat treatment of goods to be treated, such as cast strands and bars, as well as blocks, rods, tubes and the like, in particular made of aluminum or magnesium alloys, in which the goods are first transported individually through a heating furnace and in particular at a higher temperature is heated as a desired heat treatment temperature, at which the goods are then transported by means of a transport device through a holding furnace and are kept at the heat treatment temperature and at which the goods are finally cooled at a cooling station, r-uM Fo ₁ ^ iUn as \ / <w K / j Pl ^ ^ 9 "fcS.fe, characterized in that the transport device has means for Rotating the separated goods about their longitudinal axis during transport through the holding furnace (4) and the cooling station (70) means (82, 83) for Has rotating the separated material while cooling. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the Transport device stationary bars (44) with sawtooth-shaped depressions (42) with inclined surfaces (42a) slightly inclined in the transport direction (A) for the goods (1,1 ') as well as in the lifting direction (B) and independently thereof in Transport direction (A) has drivable lifting beam (45) which between and in the rest position under the stationary bar (44) and a flat surface for receiving the goods (1), as well as on it in the diameter Prismatic stops arranged at distances that exceed the goods (46) have and by means of which the goods are lifted out of the depressions (42) and deposited on the inclined surfaces (42a) of the next depressions in a controlled manner, from where the goods due to their own weight are in contact with the lifting beam, which is now lowered in a controlled manner against the lifting direction, into the bottom of the Depression rolls. 709840/0816 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the Inclined surfaces (42a) have a length dimension that differs from the circumferential dimension of the goods. 4. Device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized gekennza chnet that the prismatic stops are designed as angle profiles (46) whose Dimensions (k) in transport direction (A) in relation to dimensions (l) in the transport direction of the intervening flat pieces (45 ') of the lifting beam (45) are small, so that the goods on the flat pieces can roll around a controlled circumferential path. 5. Device according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that all lifting beams (45) are supported by lifting elements (50) which can be driven together in the lifting direction, and that the lifting elements (50) in turn are horizontally connected to a common in the transport direction (A) movable Carriages (59) are supported. 6. Device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the lifting beam (45) or the carriage (59) in and against the Transport direction (A) can be moved by means of double-acting fluid cylinders (61). 7. Device according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the lifting beam (45) in and against the lifting direction (B) by means Spindle drives (53 to 58) are movable. 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the means for rotating the goods at the cooling station are pairs of rollers (82,83), the two rollers of which form a prismatic receptacle for trimming the goods. 709840/0816 9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that at least one (82) of the two rollers (82, 83) of each roller pair can be driven. 10. Device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that ze ic hne t one (83) of the two rollers (82, 83) of each roller pair on a relative to the other roller (82) movable transfer and lifting device (84) for inserting and ejecting the goods is mounted. 11. Device according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized net that at the cooling station (70) above the means (82,83) for turning arranged along the material to be treated water channel (72) is arranged, which on its lower wall a plurality of in the longitudinal direction of the to be treated has arranged water outlet openings (74). 12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that rotating brushes are provided for cleaning the goods. 709340/0816