DE2657974B2 - Plant for casting mold deposition of castings - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to equipment for foundries, in particular equipment for electrohydraulic casting cleaning, in particular systems for Casting mold deposition of castings by means of electrical high-voltage discharges in liquid.

The system according to the invention can be used in particular for the deposition of castings in a casting mold which are manufactured by the shell molding process in large-scale and mass production. the Invention can also be used to deposit the castings from sprues and to clean the Workpiece surfaces from various soiling and preservatives, e.g. B. of tinder, Rust, neck, oil can be used.

There are systems for casting mold deposition of castings by electrical high-voltage discharges in liquid known (USA Patent No. 38 45 806), which contain a bath of liquid in which a container for accommodating castings is arranged, which for treatment by an above the container attached group of electrode units are intended. The system contains a loading and unloading device for castings and a conveyor for removal the deposited casting molds from the bath containing a liquid.

The casting intended for processing is fed to the channel of the system loading device by a conveyor and only then arrives from here into the Container when the treatment has been completed on the previous casting and this casting on the conveyor The removal of residues of the deposited casting molds takes place continuously in the course of the plant operation by the same conveying means that is provided for removing the machined castings is

The performance of this system is limited by the duration of treatment of a casting, which in turn is determined by the required number of pulses and by the pulse repetition frequency and the number of Electrode units that are in operation at the same time are dependent on an increase in the pulse frequency limited by the possibilities of the pulse generator and by the way the high-voltage discharge takes place in the liquid

An increase in the number of simultaneously operating electrode units during treatment of a casting is limited by the minimum permissible distance between simultaneously operating electrode units, at which a mutual

Influence that reduces the effectiveness of the plastering process is weak

The maximum hourly output of this system when cleaning castings using the mask molding process manufactured is up to 60 castings.

Nowadays, technological roads with an hourly output of up to are becoming more and more widespread 180 and more castings and thus the use of the above-mentioned system in automatic cycle lines not functional.

A deficiency of the mentioned system also consists in that the casting is supported against the container bottom in the course of treatment, which can cause damage to the surface of some types of castings can.

The object of the invention is to provide a system for depositing casting molds develop the construction of which makes it possible to increase the performance of the plant by simultaneous Treatment of several large pieces to increase and the the possibility of a joint operation with automatic cycle lines for the production of castings guaranteed.

This object is achieved in that in a system for casting mold deposition of castings by electrical high voltage discharges in liquid, which are arranged in the bath with liquid Contains container in which the castings are treated by a group of electrode units, and Facilities for loading and unloading that are kinematic are connected to the container, according to the invention Conveyor is provided for continuously supplying the castings to the bath with liquid, the Containers are mounted on a conveyor, and the number of electrode units the number of castings ke is the same on the conveyor in the same time Treatment zone.

In order to ensure a high quality of the cast piece plastering, it is advisable to articulate the electrode units on the To attach conveyor frame and by a drive a displacement of the electrode tips over the to treated casting in the direction of the conveyor run and with its running speed at a distance to ensure the same as the one between the

Containers is

To increase the quality of the casting plastering, it is also advantageous to adjust the position of the casting in to change with respect to the electrode tips, to the construction of the container on both sides Cushioned rods are provided, in which grippers to hold back the castings at one end others, however, are provided with gears that are in engagement with pinion rods, soft emiang the conveyor run are arranged in the treatment area.

The use of a continuously operating conveyor and the increase in the number of electrode units in the plant for casting mold deposition of Castings make it possible to increase the performance of the system according to the invention, since this is done at the same time several castings can be treated, which makes the use of this system in automatic cycle lines is given

By using a conveyor with grippers to hold back the castings, possible Removed damage to the surface of the casting and using the system for separating the castings made in the mask molding process from sprues will.

To increase the cleaning quality of castings, the latter are to be used with the movement (to turn), which is secured by the presence of gears on the grippers that are connected to those in the Machining zone arranged headstock rods are in engagement.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the description of an exemplary embodiment and the drawings. It shows

F i g. 1 shows an overall view of a system according to the invention for depositing casting molds by electrical high voltage discharges in liquid;

F i g. 2 is a view in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1 of the loading device on the system according to the invention;

F i g. 3 Schematic representation of the principle control circuit for the compressed air cylinder for tilting the Suspension base;

4 shows a section IV-IV in FIG. 1 in which the Orientation of the casting is shown in the housing of the loading mechanism according to the invention;

Fig.5 schematic representation of the principle orientation circuit for the casting and to open the first flap;

6 is a view in the direction of the line VI-VI in Fig. 1, in which the cross section of the container housing according to the invention is shown;

7 shows a section VIl-VII in FIG. 1 in the Treatment zone of the casting (this cut is the retention of the casting set in the container shown by gripper);

F i g. 8 Schematic representation of the principle control circuit for the hydraulic cylinder of the drive for Move the electrode tips and for the compressed air cylinder to open the second flap of the loading device according to the invention.

The system for the casting mold deposition of castings by high voltage discharges in liquid contains a bath 1 (Fig. 1) with liquid, e.g. with water, in which the castings are treated.

The horizontal guides 2 and vertical guides 3 of a two-chain conveyor 4 are in the bath 1 arranged

The conveyor 4 consists of a frame 5 to which four pairs of chain stars 7 are attached to shafts 6, which are entwined by two strands of the chain 8. On the frame 5 of the conveyor 4 are three Electrode units 9 articulated by means of which the treatment of the castings 10 takes place their mutual influence, which reduces the effectiveness of the cleaning process only weakly the number of electrode units 9 being different from the number simultaneously subjected to treatment Castings 10 is dependent and is determined by the required performance of the system. On the chain 8 of the conveyor 4 containers 11 are hinged at a distance from each other of the same is the distance between the electrode units 9

The electrode unit 9 contains an electrode 12, with several electrodes 12 in the electrode unit Their number depends on the size of the casting and is determined by the quality of the plaster The electrode 12 is provided with a drive 13 for vertical displacement and with a drive 14 for adjusting the tips of the electrodes 12.

The drive 13 for vertical displacement of the electrode 12 consists of a housing 15, which is through an axle 16 is attached to the frame 5 of the conveyor 4. A compressed air cylinder 17 is also seated on the housing a holder 19 attached to a rod 18 for the Electrode 12.

The drive 14 for adjusting the tips of the electrode 12 consists of a pull rod 20, which the Housing 15 of the drive 13 for vertically moving the electrode 12 with one another and with a hydraulic system cylinder 21 connects.

The system also contains a loading device 22 and unloading device 23 and is housed in a sound-absorbing jacket 24 which has a window 25 in the Loading area, a hopper 26 for removing Casting molds and a funnel 27 for removing the has treated castings 10

The loading device 22 contains a safety device 28, suspension 29 with a tilting floor 30 Departmental conveyor 31, dump truck 32, flap 33 passing through a lever 34 by means of a pneumatic cylinder 35 is pivotable, a coordination means 36, orientation means 37 and a transition point device 38.

The junction device 38 includes a

so flap 39, which is pivotable via a lever 40 by means of a compressed air cylinder 41 of a Air distributor 42 is controlled. The loading device 25 also contains the frame 5 of the conveyor 4 fixed guides 43, while the discharge device device 23 guides 44 has.

The means 36 for coordinating the loading contains a guide 45 (FIG. 2) for the suspension 29, a bracket 46 attached to the suspension 29, air distributors 47 and 48 with route control a stop 49, while the dump truck 32 one on the

Roller 50 attached to rod of air cylinder 51

having. The pneumatic cylinder 51 is through the

Air distributor 52 (Fig. 3) controlled. The orientation means 37 is contained in the housing 53

(Figure 4) of the loading device 22 arranged displaceable walls 54, which by the rods 55 of compressed air cylinders 56 controlled by an air distributor 58 (FIG. 5) are displaceable. In the steering committee

of the air distributor 58 are a ballast container 59 and adjustable throttle 60. The air distributor 58 receives Signals from the air distributor 48, which also issues a signal to an air distributor 61, which by the Air cylinder 35 is controlled.

The intended for receiving castings 10 container 11 contains a housing 62 (Figure 6), in which Bottom part openings 63 are provided, which are used to remove mold residues from the housing 62 of the Container 11 are intended to remove the mold residues from the bath 1, the housing 62 is with a scratch 64 is provided. The housing 62 of the container 11 has an axis on both sides lying rods 65 which are pressed on by springs 66. The rods 65 contain grippers 67 at one end to hold back the castings OK and on the other gears 68 which are in engagement with pinion rods 69 stand, which in order to change the position of the castings 10 with respect to the tips of the Electrodes 12 are attached to the guides 2 in the treatment zone.

In the loading and unloading areas, the guides 43 and 44 are equipped with wedges 70 (FIG. 7).

The hydraulic cylinder 21 (FIG. 8) is controlled by a manifold 71 which receives signals from the air manifold 42 receives. The running speed of the piston 72 of the hydraulic cylinder 21 is adjustable by a Throttle 73 set. A check valve 74 is connected in parallel with the throttle. The air cylinder 41 is controlled by an air distributor 75 which, like the air distributor 71, is controlled by the air distributor 42 Receives signals.

The plant according to the invention is operated in the following manner.

The connection of the system to the energy sources (not shown in the drawings) must be switched on the system in the operational readiness state is sufficient.

The suspension 29 of the departmental conveyor 31 reaches the bracket 46 (FIG. 2) as it runs Safety gear 28, whereby a certain position of the suspension 29 during its run along the through the Flap 33 closed window 25 is secured. At the same time, the lower part of the suspension 29 runs on the guide 45. As the run continues, the suspension 29 presses against the roller through the stop 49 of the air distributor 47. The air distributor 47 issues the control signal for switching the slide on Air distributor 52 (Fig. 3) the latter connects the piston cavity of the compressed air cylinder 51 with the (in the figures not shown) compressed air pipeline and the rod cavity with the outside air. Of the The piston of the cylinder 51 steps forward, being with the roller of the air distributor 47 pushes against the bottom 30 and thereby brings the cylinder 51 into an inclined position. The casting 10 pushes against the housing 24 and the flap 33 by being displaced The course of the suspension 29 displaces the casting 10 on the inclined part of the housing 24 and the flap 33. When the suspension 29 reaches the window 25 completely, the stop 49 presses against it the role of the air diffuser 48.

The air distributor 48 issues a control signal to the air distributors 61 and 58 (FIG. 5). In connection so that in the control circuit of the air distributor 58, a ballast container 59 is present, which by the adjustable throttle 60 is filled with air, the switching of the air distributor 58 takes place later than that of the Air distributor 61. When the air distributor 61 is switched, the rod cavity of the air cylinder 3i connected to the compressed air pipeline and the piston cavity with the outside air.

When the piston of the cylinder 35 moves, it pivots the flap 33 through the lever 34, and there; Casting 10 enters the interior of the housing 5; (Fig.3) of the loading device 22 and hits against di < Flap 39. At this point in time, the air distributor 58 is switched over (FIG. 5). Thereby di < Piston cavities of cylinder 56 with the compressed air pipeline, and the rod cavities with the outside air connected. The pistons of cylinders 5 ((Fig. 3) move by moving, the ar Slidable walls 54 attached to their rods 55. The walls 54 are attached to one another up to an Absianc moved, which is equal to the inner dimension of the housing 62 de; Container 11 is. Thus the casting takes 10 " strictly oriented position, which is favorable for its wide displacement in the container 11

At this point in time the stop 49 gives the suspension 29 the roles of the air distributors 47 and 4S free, the air distributors 52, 58 and 61 and di (air cylinders 35, 51 and 56 return to it Starting position back.

Simultaneously with the movement of the casting, the movement of the container 11, which is conveyed by the conveyor! 4 is moved. The container 11 runs out on the guides 43 and takes a genai in the process a certain position with respect to the loading device 22. When running on the guides 43 along the wedge 70 (FIG. 7), the latter penetrate between housing 6; of the container 11 and gear 68, press di < Spring 66 (Fig. 6) together and move the slab <65 with the grippers 67. The grippers 67 are on eir Spread apart that is greater than the outer dimensions of the casting 10. With such a lag < the container approaches a position that is to receive the casting from the loading device is adapted, while the container 11 presses against di (role of the air distributor 42. It is from the Luftvertei Ier 42 a control signal to the hydraulic distributor 71 (Fig. 8) and delivered to air manifold 75.

When the air distributor 75 switches over, ei sets the rod cavity of the compressed air cylinder 41 with de Compressed air pipeline and the piston cavity but with the outside air in connection. While the Kolber of the compressed air cylinder 41 moves, it pivots over! the lever 40, the flap 39, and the casting 10 is running into the container 11. The running speed de: Conveyor 4 is the same as that of the departmental conveyor! 31 to match. The postponement He of the suspension 29 of the departmental conveyor 31 and an Absland should be equal to the duration of the shift Container by a distance.

As it moves further, the container 11 runs with the casting 10 through the arrangement zone of the wedges 70, while the gears 68 are released, unc the springs 66 move the grippers 67, where there:

Casting 10 is clamped. Under the influence the gravity pivot container 11 with cast iron

10 to and thereby assume a horizontal position a.

After the role of the air distributor 4i has been released, the hydraulic distributor 71, air distributor 75 and compressed air cylinder 41 assume the starting position.
As the conveyor 4 continues to run, Behäli run

11 with casting 10 on the guides 2 addition, the

Gears 68 (Fig. 6) of the housing 62 of the container 11 enter into engagement with the headstock rod 69, while the rods 65 rotate with the grippers 67 and turn the casting 10 held in them with respect to the tips of the electrodes 12. In such a position the containers 11 with castings 10 pass through the treatment zone.

The throttle 73 (Fig. 8) is tuned so that the displacement speed of the tips of the electrodes 12 corresponds to the running speed of the conveyor 4.

The tips of the electrodes 12 are thus constantly above the casting 10 to be treated Point in time when container 11 and the electrode 12 accompanying it move by one step, the is equal to the distance between the containers, the air distributor 42 issues a control signal to the hydraulic Manifold 71 (Fig. 8). When switching the

hydraulic distributor 71, the oil flow, by avoiding the throttle 73, runs through the check valve 74, whereby a quick return of the electrode 12 to the starting position is ensured (normally the ratio between going there and back is 1:10). In the course of treatment, the vom Casting sheath separated and destroyed through the opening 63 (FIG. 6) in the housing 62 of the container 11 on the bottom of the bath 1, on which it is conveyed by means of the scraper 64 to the funnel 26 and out of the Attachment is removed.

In the discharge zone, the container, by cooperating with the guides 44, overturns the wedges 70 (F i g. 7) derive the grippers 67 just as in the loading position, and thereby release the casting 10, which is removed from the system through the funnel 27.

For this purpose 4 sheets of drawings

Claims (3)

Patent claims: 1. System for the casting mold deposition of castings by means of electrical high-voltage discharges in liquid, which one in the bath with liquid arranged container in which the treatment of the castings is carried out by a group of electrode units, and devices for loading and Contains unloading which are kinematically linked to the container, characterized in that that they have a conveyor (4) for the uninterrupted supply of the castings (10) to the bath (1) Contains liquid and the containers (11) are attached to the conveyor (4), the number of Electrode units (9) is equal to the number of castings (10) that are simultaneously on the conveyor (4) in the treatment zone. 2. Plant for casting mold deposition of castings according to claim 1, characterized in that that the electrode units (9) are hinged to the frame (5) of the conveyor (4), and with a drive (14) for moving the tips of the electrodes (12) over the casting to be treated (10) in Direction of the run of the conveyor (4) with its running speed is provided at a distance, which is equal to the distance between the containers (11) 3. Plant for casting mold deposition of castings according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the container (11) on the two sides is provided with sprung rods (65), at one end of which grippers (67) for holding the Castings (10) and at the other ends of which there are gears (68) which are in engagement with Headstock rods (69) are available, which for the purpose of changing the position of the castings (10) in relation are arranged on the tips of the electrodes (12) along the course of the conveyor (4) in the treatment area.