DE2640635A1 - PROCESS FOR CONVERTING AN PROTEIN-LIKE MASS INTO A FIBEROUS, LAYERED STRUCTURE AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE PROCESS - Google Patents

Description

HEINZ H. PUSCHMANN · PATENT ADVOCATE

D 8000 MONKS 22. THOMAS WIMMER RING 14 TELEPHONE 089/227887

EAMB HOVIS McDOUGALL LIMITED Munich, 09/07/1976 EHM Center, 152 Grosvenor Eoad P 384- / 76 London SW1V 3JL, England Pu / rei

"Method for converting a protein-like mass into a fibrous, layered structure and device

to carry out the procedure

The invention "relates to a method for transferring a proteinaceous Mass into a fibrous, layered structure as well as a Device for carrying out the process and a protein-like product suitable for use as food.

There are already a number of proposals for the transfer a protein-like mass into a structure equivalent to conventional foods, "for example meat and fish. The aim of these proposals is to achieve a layered fibrous structure. Natural fish and fish are built up in layers, and it is one of the characteristic features of these foods that they act at the transitions between the individual Layers easily break apart «, especially meat points

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moreover, "on closer examination, a coarse-grained structure. Um to reproduce the appearance of meat as faithfully as possible in a protein-like mass, which does not have a coarse fiber structure from home from possesses, for example soy, has already been proposed to pass the amorphous mass through a device which has a screw conveyor rotating in a housing, for example a Wenger extruder, from which the mass is then produced is axially extruded in the form of a stranded strand, which is then subjected to further treatment. Through the rotation of the screw conveyor, the amorphous mass acquires a coarse-grained texture to a certain extent.

The object of the invention is to provide a method for converting a protein-like mass into a fibrous one lying on top of one another in layers To create structure and a device for performing the method, the structured mass as the starting product is used for the production of food and by this structuring the food to be produced an appearance is given which closely resembles the appearance of natural foods.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the mass moves along a helical path and thereby is compressed into a coarse fiber structure that the compressed mass is extruded through a longitudinal slot and in its direction of movement upon exiting the longitudinal slot in an opening is changed so that it forms layers and that the mass passes through during compression and extrusion elevated temperature is heat set.

A device for carrying out the method according to the invention is characterized according to the invention in that a screw conveyor is provided within a housing, on its in the direction of movement the front end of a mold is arranged, the

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has a longitudinal slot through which the extrudate into an opening is expressed which lies in a plane passing through the plane of the rectilinear axis of the screw conveyor or parallel to a plane in which the straight axis of the screw conveyor lies, and that heating devices are provided to raise the temperature of the mass.

According to a further feature of the invention is an edible proteinaceous Mass characterized by a flat extrudate, which is unfolded in layers and thus a coarse-grained overall structure forms, the coarse fibers approximately parallel to the transitions between the layers and parallel to the main surfaces of the Extrudates run.

Further features of the invention emerge from the subclaims.

The product extruded by the process according to the invention can be dried in any suitable dryer. It can be recycled or recycled for consumption by boiling in water or sauce but can be canned.

The product made according to the invention is extremely fibrous, tough and is heat set. It has a forest that is which is very similar to sliced meat. Individual fiber threads can be pulled off the cut surface, as is the case with natural ones Meat is the case. The product is easy to chew and, due to its fibrous structure, creates the feeling of meat in the mouth to chew.

The invention is illustrated below with reference to several in the drawings schematically illustrated embodiments explained.

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Show it:

At

Figure 1 shows a part of the device according to the invention, from which the machining process in principle it appears

Figure 2 shows another part of the invention

Device from which a further principle of the invention can be seen,

FIG. 3 schematically shows the formation of layers of the material in the device according to Figure 2,

Figure 4- schematically part of another embodiment the device according to the invention according to Figure 2,

FIG. 5 perspective representations of an extrudate, and FIG. 6 according to the method according to the invention in Layers were laid

FIG. 7 shows the basic diagram of the device according to the invention,

FIG. 8 shows a cross section through a compression mold according to an embodiment of the invention,

FIG. 9 shows a cross section through a compression mold according to FIG

another embodiment of the invention,

FIG. 10 shows a cross section through part of a compression mold according to a third exemplary embodiment,

FIG. 11 shows a cross section through a further compression mold according to another exemplary embodiment,

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FIG. 12 shows a side view in section through another embodiment of the compression mold according to FIG Figure 1,

Figure 13 is an end view of the mold according to Figure 12,

FIG. 14 a side view in section through a further compression mold according to the invention,

FIG. 15 a view in section along the line XV-XV from Figure 14,

Figure 16 is an end view of the mold according to Figure 14,

FIG. 17 a profile view of a further embodiment of the device according to the invention,

FIG. 18 shows a part of the device according to FIG Cut,

19 shows another embodiment of the part according to FIG. 18,

FIG. 20 shows a third embodiment of the part according to FIG. 18 in section,

FIG. 21 shows a longitudinal section through a multi-part compression mold according to the invention.

A principle of the reshaping or conversion of a protein-containing mass into a coarse-fiber, layered structure is shown in FIG. 1; there is shown a mold 1 which has a longitudinal slot 2 for carrying out the method through which the mass in Is pressed in the direction of arrow 3. The design of this slot in terms of shape and size is within a wide range Range is variable and depends both on the starting material and on how the end product should look.

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The slot 2 leads through to one. Side walls 5 and 6 specific Opening 4, of which the side wall 5 ″ in the slot 2 opposite. The extrudate therefore strikes the wall 5 as it exits the slot 2. This wall 5 can, as in FIG shown, be provided at right angles to the direction of movement of the mass when exiting the slot 2 or it can be below be arranged at another suitable angle.

The mass pushed through the slot 2 either moves only in the direction of the arrow 7 »if a wall 8 is provided, or if this wall is omitted, additionally in the direction of the Arrow 9- The width of the opening 4 is shown in Figure 1 by the Route A and that of slot 2 indicated by route B.

Figure 2 shows schematically a further principle of the device. The wall 5 provided in FIG. 1 is not present there, see above that the opening 4 directly adjoins the slot 2. With this training it is achieved that the material is extruded lays in layers by itself, as is shown schematically in FIG. In contrast to Figure 1, where the stratification of the extruded material is achieved by the change in direction when it hits the wall 5, it obviously takes place here by the counter pressure which the layered material already present in the opening 4 generates.

Figure 4 shows a modification in which the slot 2 of the opening is assigned in the middle.

The dimensions marked by the lines A and B are variable within a larger range, depending on which one The starting material is chosen and which food is to be simulated. The dimension B should preferably be between 0.127 mm and 0.508 mm, while for the dimension A there is a range between 0.254 mm and 6.35 mm, but preferably between 2.032 mm to 3.048 mm.

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The opposing walls 5 ″ and 6, which form the opening 4- "limit within which the extrudate is unfolded or is laid in layers, in the direction of arrows 7 and 9 1 or in the direction of arrow 7 according to FIG or diverge.

The starting material "consists of defatted soy flour, coarse-grained or flaky meal (about 50% protein), mixtures of fresh wheat gluten (vital wheat gluten) / Sogameal (O" up to 30 % gluten) and meat protein concentrate / soy flour. Other materials are also suitable, including soy concentrate and isolated horse bean concentrate or meal (tic bean), mixtures with a higher percentage of gluten and other animal proteins, powdered dried meat, wheat starch and other grain products, and other oilfruit proteins. The starting material can consist of a vegetable or animal protein, fish protein, single- or multicellular protein or combinations of these substances.

According to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG contains an agitator 10a, and passes from there into a steam processing device 10b, in which a screw conveyor is provided. The unspecified comes from the processing device Material to a first section of a screw conveyor 11, which can for example be a Wenger extruder. At the opening 11a is injected with water and the screw conveyor is driven by an electric motor 11b. The amount of water to be added is metered using a small metering pump or by another precisely adjustable device.

On the rear face of the screw conveyor in the conveying direction a die Ί2 is provided, which has a knife 12a for cutting

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Separating certain lengths of the extruded material is assigned.

The water supplied can contain additives, for example sodium hydroxide, up to a concentration of 1.6 g per liter ^r ^. Under normal operating conditions, the moisture content of the wetted material is between 20 and 40%, depending on its composition and the moisture content of the dry starting material. The additives can contain colorants, flavorings, spices and the like to increase the acceptability of the product. These substances can be added before or after extrusion.

Various types of screw conveyors can be used, although a Wenger machine is found to be particularly advantageous has proven. The prerequisite is that the coagulable, Protein-like material can be compressed and heated within a chamber. There were eight in the Wenger machine that was used Cylinders are provided, the first four of which are cooled and the subsequent four, that is, those closer to the die were steam-heated. The vapor pressure was 70 bis 80 psig. The screw conveyor of the Wenger machine X5 can be used with any speed between about 100 to 900 revolutions per minute can be driven, with an optimal fiber product at a number of revolutions between about 600 to 800 revolutions per Minute is obtained.

The imported protein-like starting material is made with the Wenger machine thoroughly mixed, compressed and then coagulated into a plastic state under the action of heat, during which time the material is oriented by the rotation of the screw conveyor to a fibrous material to form, which is then fed to the mold 12.

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A first embodiment of a compression mold is shown in Figure 8, "in which the screw conveyor 13 is inside a cylindrical Housing 14- rotates. At the downstream end of the screw is an end plate 15 with a circular recess 16 provided. A push-on part designated by 17 has a cylindrical sleeve 18 which extends somewhat into the recess 16 protrudes as well as a further part 19 of larger diameter, whose face 20 facing the end plate is parallel to the associated surface 21 of the face plate 15.

The dimensions A and B, as already described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, are also indicated in FIG. The dimension B denotes the annular slot which is formed between the push-on part 18 and the wall of the opening 16, while the distance A indicates the gap between surfaces 20 and 21.

The pressure gradient in the mold is between 100 and 500 psig., while the temperature of the die and the downstream, that is, the lower end of the screw in the direction of flow is approximately 100 to 180 ° G.

Figure 9 shows another embodiment of a form in which the Exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 8, corresponding parts have the same reference numerals. The only difference to the one already described The embodiment consists in that the cylindrical sleeve 18 of the push-on part 17 in. An annular recess 22 in the face plate 15 protrudes so that a stepped opening is formed for the extrudate. The main dimensions are also here, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 8, the distances A and B.

When using the device according to the invention, as described with reference to FIGS. 7, 8 and 9, when the screw conveyor 13 rotates, the amorphous mass is compressed at the same time as the temperature is raised by the heatable cylinder of the Wenger machine.

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temperature of the mass is raised so far that a heat setting entry. A coarse fibrous structure is imparted to the mass during the helical movement towards the die. As soon as the mass reaches a chamber 23 (Figures 8 and 9), the coarse fibers of the structure lie generally along one perimeter line. As a result of the delivery pressure, the mass is now pressed through the slot into the opening 4, where, since the distance A the opening 4 is greater than the distance B of the slot, a slight expansion of the extrudate is possible without any Inclusions of air arise. In opening 4 into which the Extrudate emerges, it is layered one on top of the other, as shown very schematically in FIG. Figure 5 shows that the layers are somewhat curved, which does not always occur, and the extrudate cannot be easily seen either. In in the same way, the course of the coarse fibers in the structure corresponds to this curvature. The individual fibers are shown in FIG denoted schematically with 24.

Although the extrudate is theoretically a layer-like structure with slight curvature, see Figure 5i are the extruded shapes irregular. However, they are flat, with their thickness corresponding in each case to the dimensions of the opening A and the coarse fibers lie generally parallel to the boundary layers or junctions 25, between adjacent layers 26 and also approximately parallel to the longitudinal main or end faces of the extrudate, that is to say to the faces on which the arrow 27 in FIG shows.

The product extruded by the process described is extremely fibrous and tough and is partially heat set when it leaves the opening 4.

The extrudate can then be dried in any suitable dryer 28, see FIG. The dried product can then prepared by boiling in water for 15 to 30 minutes

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will. The protein product prepared in this way has an overall structure that is extremely similar to that of cut meat is similar. On closer inspection, it is found that the product is similar to meat in that it is also similar to itself allow individual fiber threads to be pulled off the cut surface. When chewing, the material turns out to be firm and easy to chew, without being particularly rubbery. Due to its fibrous structure, the product creates the subjective feeling of meat in the mouth to have.

The product can be cooked in a sauce for two hours or more, it can be canned in a sauce and cooked at about 121 ^° C (250 ^° F) for 90 minutes with no visible change in texture. The slices of the material can also be rotated through a common meat grinder, they then result in a real-looking minced meat, which can then be dehydrated.

It is believed that the starting material is fed through the screw conveyor is compressed and heated until it results in a plastic mass which coagulates when exposed to heat and which is given a fibrous structure by the screw conveyor, the fibers each extending along the circumference of the mass orientate. This heat-set and plastic mass is then extruded tangentially after the last roller of the Wenger machine or pressed out and moves in the mold through an annular Slot and then radially outward, maintaining a slight pressure drop, preferably of the order of magnitude from 200 psig. Or less. The material can be at the Expand the flow into the opening 4 by a small amount and fold or twist.

The folding or stratification taking place in the opening 4- is fixed or heat-set through the heat transfer from the stainless steel faceplate.

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In another embodiment of the device just described the components of the mold can be arranged so that the extruded material through variable cross-section Openings can escape. For example, a part of the mold can be arranged with a small amount of play, so that the hatred of the opening after the pressure of the extrudate directs. As this pressure fluctuates, the setting of this part also changes.

Such a part or also several such parts can also be moved back and forth mechanically by separately arranged devices , for example by an electric motor.

Such an additional device is shown in Figures 12 and 13, in which an insertion part 29 is inserted into a die plate 30 is used and together with a pressure plate 31 forms a radial opening 32 through which the extruded material in the direction of arrow 33 passes through. An interrupter input 34- can be found under fastened to the influence of in their center by a screw 36 Leaf springs 35 swing freely back and forth.

The interrupter ring acts on the exit of the extrudate from the Gap between the ring and the end plate 31 of the extruder, so that a back pressure is achieved, which occurs during the unfolding and stacking of the extrudate in the outlet opening 32 builds up. As soon as the pressure becomes greater than the force of the Springs 35 'allow the extrudate to exit unhindered. By setting of the spring pressure, the density of the folds in the extrudate can be adjusted. The breaker ring can consist of several parts, for example consisting of two or more sections.

In the previously described embodiments, the extrudate entered out of the device in a radial direction, and it was

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only one mold is provided. To increase the production capacity of a radial extrusion mold, the versions are according to Figures 10 and 11 has been developed.

As FIG. 10 shows, a screw conveyor 37 is in a housing 38 provided. The screw conveyor 37 has an extension part 37a, which is either made smooth or, as shown in the drawing, with unspecified “screw threads” is provided. Furthermore, there are several at a distance from each other lying disks 39 are provided, the distances 40 between them Form separate outlets for the extrudate ". The discs each have on their inwardly directed circumference flanges 4-1, which interact with the associated disks 39 form the slots through which the mass is extruded.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, there is an extension at the front end of the screw conveyor 42 in the feed direction 42a is provided, which is approximately frustoconical and whose jacket is either smooth or, as shown, screw threads having. There are chamfered plates on the housing 4-3 provided, which each form openings 4-5 with an adjacent plate as in the previous embodiment, through which the extrudate emerges. The plates 44 have on their inwardly facing circumference flanges 46 through which the passage the necessary slots are formed. The inwardly facing parts 47 on the circumference of the plates 44 form an extension of the housing 43, which together with the outer surface of the truncated cone shaped screw conveyor 42a form a gap 48 which tapers in Eichtung towards the mold. This will achieves that the pressure with which the mass is pressed through the slots into the openings 45 is the same everywhere.

In all of the embodiments described above, the construction is chosen so that the exit of the mass takes place radially, that is, the exit opening is in a to the longitudinal center.

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axis of the screw conveyor vertical plane, but is, without departing from the essence of the invention, an extrusion or Printing in other directions is possible, for example in the axial direction and in the longitudinal direction. The one receiving the extrudate Opening in the so-called radial and longitudinal embodiments lies in a plane that goes through the straight axis of the screw conveyor, lies with the axial Ausführungsb ei game in a plane parallel to the plane the longitudinal center axis of the screw conveyor. The three directions of expression, namely radial, axial and longitudinal, relate on three levels that are at right angles relative to each other. However, it is not mandatory that the extrudate be in exits these planes, but the exit can take place in any plane which is at a favorable angle to the longitudinal center axis of the Screw conveyor lies. However, the basic ideas according to the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2 apply to all variants, although certain angular arrangements can also be changed there, for example in FIG. 1 the wall 8 does not need to be at right angles run to the wall 5, the wall 8 still needs to be a straight continuation of the slot 2.

In the embodiments shown in Figures 14, 15 and 16, in each of which only the mold is shown, the material to be structured is taken from the screw conveyor, not shown in the sight of arrow 49 and is expressed through rectilinear slots 50, after which it passes into openings 51, the are provided in a plane lying parallel to the plane of the longitudinal center axis of the screw conveyor. This axis carries the reference numeral 52. Two openings 51 are provided, and although one on each side of the axis 52. The mold contains a block 53 with tapered slots 51? see figure 14-, The material enters the slots 50 through the opening 54 from chamber 23 (Figure 15)

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FIG. 17 shows, in a very simplified manner, an embodiment for extruding in the longitudinal direction. Here are two concentric cylinders 55 iind. 56 is provided, of which the cylinder 55 is located on the inside. The inner cylinder 55 has inlet slots 57, while openings 58 are provided in the outer cylinder 56. The openings 58 may be uniform, converging, or diverging, depending on convenience. Either the inner cylinder 55 or the outer cylinder 56 are machined in such a way that slots of suitable dimensions are provided which lead from the bore of the cylinder 3!? To the openings 58 in order to correspond to the functional principle according to FIG.

Such an arrangement is shown in more detail in FIG. 18, where the slot through which the compound is pressed bears the reference number 59. Figure 19 shows a modified embodiment in which the wall 60 forms a continuation of the slot 59, while s:
runs.

They are shown in FIG. 18 at an angle of 15 ° to the slot Fig. 20 shows an embodiment in which the inner cylinder 61 is provided with inlet ports 62, each of which has two Openings 63 in the outer cylinder 64 is in communication. In the axial discharge according to Figures 14, 15 and 16 is obtained one extrudate according to Figure 5? in which the coarse fibers 65 lie parallel to the longitudinal surfaces of the extrudate and parallel to the boundary layers 66 between adjacent layers 67. This basic type of extrudate differs from that produced by radial extrusion only in that it has a rectangular configuration, while the radial Extrudate the basic shape shown in Figure 4- is slightly curved.

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When printing in the longitudinal direction, as shown in Figures 17, 18, 19 and 20, the extrudate also has that in Figure 5 shown shape.

It is conceivable that radial, axial and possibly also extrusion, can be done lengthways with a single milling machine. FIG. 21 shows a device for radial and axial extrusion. For this purpose there are radial outlet openings 69 and axial outlet openings 70 provided. In addition, it is possible for two outlet openings at a time to provide an inlet port 71 while the inlet ports 72 lead to a single outlet port.

Claims

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Claims (30)

Claims A method for converting a protein-like mass into a fibrous layered structure, characterized in that the mass along a helical path "moves and is compressed into a coarse-fiber structure that the Compressed mass extruded through a longitudinal slot and in its direction of movement when exiting the longitudinal slot in an opening is changed in such a way that it forms layers, and that the mass during the Compression and extrusion is heat set by elevated temperature. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in 5 that the extrudate exits the longitudinal slot is guided against a wall in order to change its direction of movement. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the extrudate when Exit from the longitudinal slot for the purpose of changing its direction of movement against what is already present in the opening layered extrudate is fed ", 09812/077 -18- 4-. A process for the conversion of a proteinaceous mass into a fibrous layered structure, characterized in that the mass along a helical path "moves and is thereby compressed into a coarse fibrous structure that the zusa mm close squeezed mass is extruded through an annular gap in a radial associated opening and is deposited in layers, and that the mass is heat-set during compression and extrusion by increased temperature. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the mass in a right Angle to the straight axis of the helical path lying opening is deposited in layers. 6. The method according to claim 4-, characterized in that the mass in its movement is compressed through the slot into the opening in two mutually perpendicular directions, the first direction parallel to the longitudinal center axis of the helical line and the second direction in a perpendicular one Level to this lies. 7. A method for converting a protein-like mass into a fibrous layered structure, characterized in that the mass along a very baffle-like path and is compressed into a coarse fibrous structure that the compressed mass is extruded through a straight slot and layered in an opening is stored, which lies in a plane which is parallel to the plane in which the straight axis of the and that the mass -19- 709812/0774 during compression and extrusion through increased Temperature is fixed. 8. A method for converting a protein-like mass into a fibrous layered structure, characterized in that the mass is helical is moved and compressed during this movement to form a coarse fibrous structure, that the compressed mass by a rectilinear Slot is deposited in layers in an opening in one and the same plane as the straight axis of the Helical line, and that the mass during compression ns and extrusion is heat set by elevated temperature. 9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compression and extrusion is carried out at a temperature of between +100 to +180 ⁰ C. 10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the protein-like mass contains between 30 to 95 ° / ° protein. 11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as proteinaceous Mass a vegetable protein is used. 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the vegetable protein is a protein from oil fruits is used. 13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the vegetable protein is an oil fruit protein the soybean is used. -20- 709812/077 4 14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the soy protein is mixed with "up to 30% fresh wheat gluten (vital wheat gluten). 15 · Device for transferring a protein-like mass into a fibrous layered structure, characterized in that a screw conveyor (11) is provided within a housing (14), at whose front end in the direction of movement a compression mold (12) is arranged which has a longitudinal slot (2) through which the extrudate is expressed into an opening (4), which lies in a plane passing through the plane of the straight axis of the screw conveyor or parallel to a plane in which the straight axis of the screw conveyor lies, and that heating devices (11) for lifting the temperature of the mass are provided; see Figure 7. 16. A device for converting a proteinaceous mass into a fibrous layered structure, characterized in that one is inside a housing (14) provided screw conveyor (11) is arranged as well as a compression mold on its in the direction of movement front end that the mold has a slot (16, 22) which is in operative connection with a radially assigned opening (4), and that heating devices are provided to raise the temperature of the mass; see Figures 8 and 9 17 · Device according to claim 16, characterized in that the mold is an end plate (15) with a circular opening (16, 23) and a slip-on part (17)? "one of which is cylindrical -21- 709812/0774 -SK- Part (18) lies within the opening (16, 23) and from another part (19) has a surface (20) which is parallel to the associated surface of the end plate (15) is, and that the associated surfaces of the cylindrical part and the opening wall the Einschlitz (16, 23) form, while the mutually parallel surfaces (20, 21) of the end plate and of the other part form the opening (4), see FIGS. 8 and 9. 18. Device according to claim 17, characterized in that the push-on part (17) in relation is arranged resiliently on the face plate (15), so that the respective assignment of face plate and Attachment changes depending on the movement of the extrudate; see Figures 12 and 13. 19 · Device according to claim 17, characterized in that the push-on part (17) in relation is arranged resiliently on the end plate (15) and is inevitably moved during extrusion in such a way that that the geometry of the extrudate is less uniform; see Figures 12 and I3. 20. Device according to claim 16, characterized in that a plurality of axially spaced slots (39 ₅ 41) are provided, each of which is in operative connection with a radially arranged opening (40); see Figure 10. 21. Device according to claim 20, characterized in that the screw conveyor (42) and the housing (43) each have a tapering part (42a, 44), which together have one on the downstream Form end to be tapered space (48); see Figure 11, -22- 709812/0774 22. Device for transferring a protein-like mass into a fibrous structure lying on top of each other in layers, characterized in that a screw conveyor provided within a housing (14) (13) is arranged and a mold at its front end in the direction of movement that the mold at least has a rectilinear slot (70) which is in operative connection with an opening (71) which is in one plane lies, which is parallel to a plane in which the straight axis of the screw conveyor lies, that at least a slot (69) is provided in a radial plane, with one also lying in the radial plane Orifice is assigned, and that heating devices are provided to raise the temperature of the mass; see. ligur 21. 23. Device according to claim 22, characterized in that two or more such openings are provided which are arranged so that the axis of the screw conveyor lies between them. 24. Device for transferring a protein-like mass into a fibrous structure lying one on top of the other in layers, characterized in that an inner. half of a housing (14) provided screw conveyor (13) is arranged and a mold (33) on its in Direction of movement front end that the mold one has rectilinear slot (50) which is in operative connection with an opening (51) which lies in the plane in which is also the straight axis (49) of the screw conveyor, and that a heating device for lifting the temperature of the mass is provided; see Figures 14 and 15. 709812/0774 25. Device according to claim 24, characterized in that the mold consists of two coaxial, concentric cylinders (55-56, 61, 64) exists, and that in the outer cylinder (56, 64) a plurality of openings (58, 63) is provided, which are right in alignment to an equal number of openings (57, 62) in the inner cylinder (55> 61) lie; see Figures 19 and 20. 26. Device according to one of claims 15 to 25, characterized characterized in that the width of a slot or each slot is between 0.127 mm to 0.508 mm (5 to 20 thousandths of an inch) while the width of the opening or each opening is between 0.254 mm to 6.35 mm (10 to 250 thousandths of an inch). 27. Device according to claim 26, characterized in that the width of the opening (4) or each opening is within a range of 2.032 mm to 3.048 mm (80 to 120 thousandths of an inch). 28. Edible proteinaceous material, labeled by means of a flat extrudate which, when unfolded, forms a laminate with a fibrous overall structure forms, the coarse fibers approximately parallel to the transitions between the layers and parallel to the major surfaces of the extrudate run; see Figure 6. 29. Edible proteinaceous material, labeled by a flat extrudate which, when folded, forms a laminate with a curvature, wherein the coarse fibers run in a direction corresponding to the curvature of the layers; see Figure 5. -24- 709812/07 74 30. Edible protein-like material, characterized. that after a treatment according to the process steps according to one or more of the preceding claims has an xleisch-like character. 709812/0774