DE2632519A1 - Theodolite surveying aid in buildings works - consists of conical elements set into building tunnel to form easily marked sighting points - Google Patents

Theodolite surveying aid in buildings works - consists of conical elements set into building tunnel to form easily marked sighting points

Info

Publication number
DE2632519A1
DE2632519A1 DE19762632519 DE2632519A DE2632519A1 DE 2632519 A1 DE2632519 A1 DE 2632519A1 DE 19762632519 DE19762632519 DE 19762632519 DE 2632519 A DE2632519 A DE 2632519A DE 2632519 A1 DE2632519 A1 DE 2632519A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
theodolite
points
measuring points
measuring
sighting points
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19762632519
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Geb Schneider Gerda Koether
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KOETHER GEB SCHNEIDER
Original Assignee
KOETHER GEB SCHNEIDER
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KOETHER GEB SCHNEIDER filed Critical KOETHER GEB SCHNEIDER
Priority to DE19762632519 priority Critical patent/DE2632519A1/en
Publication of DE2632519A1 publication Critical patent/DE2632519A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C15/00Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
    • G01C15/02Means for marking measuring points
    • G01C15/04Permanent marks; Boundary markers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C15/00Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

An aid to the measurement of distances on building sites, tunnels, and the like, consists of a set of conical-shaped elements which may be set into building to act as theodolite sighting points. The measurements are independent of temp. The elements are used as sighting points (P1, P2....) arranged round the inner circumference (4) of e.g. a tunnel. At each point a small conical element is embedded in the tunnel wall so that the cone apex is a convenient sighting point. A corresponding thread-marked circle and iron wire in the theodolite sight appts. makes the use of this arrangement easy.

Description

Verfahren zur Messung der Deformationen und Method of measuring the deformations and

.Verschiebungen von Bauwerken mittels Theodoliten Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Messung der Deformationen von Bauwerken, im Besonderen von Unterta3ebauwerken, mittels Theodoliten, bei dem durch geeignete Ausbildung von Festpunkten diese als Maßstab eingeführt werden. .Displacement of structures by means of theodolites The invention relates to a method for measuring the deformation of structures, in particular of underground structures, by means of theodolites, in which by suitable formation of fixed points these as Scale to be introduced.

Bekannt ist es, mittels Theodoliten die Entfernung von Punkten untereinander durch Triangulierung zu messen. It is known to use theodolites to distance points from one another measure by triangulation.

Bekannt ist weiterhin, mittels gelöschtem meßband und Meßuhr zwischen Festpunkten die Abstände oder bei wiederholenden Messungen die gegenseitigen Verschiebungen bzw. Deformationen von Bauwerken zu messen. Bei einem anderen Verfahren werden abgepasste Invar-Drähte mit einer messbaren Kraft zwischen Festpunkte gespannt und die Längen bzw. Längenänderungen mittels einer Meßuhr gemessen.It is also known, by means of deleted measuring tape and dial gauge between Fixed points are the distances or, in the case of repeated measurements, the mutual displacements or to measure deformations of structures. Another procedure involves adjusting Invar wires stretched with a measurable force between fixed points and the lengths or changes in length measured by means of a dial gauge.

Der Nachteil dieser Verfahren ist die Temperatur~ empfindlichkeit und die umstandliche Durchführung der Messung, weil die Meßpunkte zugangig sein müssen und beim Meßband- wie auch beim Meßdraht-Verfahren während des Me!3vorganges kein Verkehr im Meßbereich stattfinden kann. The disadvantage of this method is the temperature sensitivity and the cumbersome implementation of the measurement because the measuring points are accessible must and with the measuring tape as well as the measuring wire method during the measuring process no traffic can take place in the measuring area.

Bekannt ist es auch, mittels Laserprojektor oder mittels Schattenprojektor eine Lichtspur z.B. in Tunneiquerschnitte zu pro jezieren und diese photogrammetri sch auszuwerten. Dieses Verfahren reicht für genaue Konvergenzmessungen aber nicht aus, Der Erfindung liegt demgegenüber die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren vorzuschlagen, das die Messung der Abstande und bei wiederholenden Messungen die Bestimmung der Deformationen mit sehr großer Genauigkeit gestattet. It is also known to use a laser projector or a shadow projector To project a light trail e.g. in tunnel cross-sections and to photogrammetri this to evaluate it. However, this method is not sufficient for precise convergence measurements In contrast, the invention is based on the object of proposing a method the measurement of the distances and, in the case of repeated measurements, the determination of the Deformations allowed with a very high degree of accuracy.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemaß dadurch gelöst, daß geeignet geformte Meßpunkte nicht nur als Markierungen, sondern zugleich als Maßstab dienen. Mit einem Theodoliten, der meist zur Durchführung von Vermessurigsarbeiten, wie der Triangulierung sowieso vorhanden ist, werden die Winkel zwischen den Meßpunkten und die Winkel über den maximalen Durchmessern der Menpunkte gemessen. This object is achieved according to the invention in that suitably shaped Measuring points serve not only as markings, but also as a scale. With a Theodolites, mostly used for surveying work, such as triangulation exists anyway, the angles between the measuring points and the angles measured over the maximum diameters of the menu items.

Mit einem einfachen Rcchcnprogmmm lassen sich damit allc Koordinaten der Meßpunkte errechnen; dabei ist der Standpunkt des Theodoliten in weiten Grenzen frei wahlbar und für die Messung unmaßgeblich. Es müssen mindestens drei Meßpunkte von einem Aufstellungsort des Theodoliten aus angepeilt werden. With a simple rcchcnprogmmm allc coordinates calculate the measuring points; the point of view of the theodolite is within wide limits freely selectable and irrelevant for the measurement. There must be at least three measuring points be sighted from a site of the theodolite.

Bei höherer Anzahl der Meßpunkte kann durch Ausgleichsrechnung die Genauigkeit der Messung erhöht werden.With a higher number of measuring points, the Measurement accuracy can be increased.

Die Erfindung ist in der nachstehenden Beschreibung anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. The invention is described in the following description with reference to the drawings explained in more detail.

Fig. 1 zeigt als Beispiel einen Stollenquerschnitt mit den Meßpunkten, der vermessen werden soll. Fig. 1 shows as an example a tunnel cross-section with the measuring points, that is to be measured.

A ist der Hohlraum pl,p2 usw. sind die Meßpunkte Fig. 2 zeigt das Fadenkreuz zum-Anpeilen des Meßpunktes und eine mit dem Fadenkreuz sichtbare Ringmarkierung im Theodoliten, die zur Winkelbestimmung für den größten Durchmesser des Meßpunktes dient. A is the cavity pl, p2 etc. are the measuring points. Fig. 2 shows this Crosshair for aiming at the measuring point and a ring marking visible with the crosshair in the theodolite, which is used to determine the angle for the largest diameter of the measuring point serves.

F ist das Fadenkreuz R ist die Ringmarkierung Fig. 3 zeigt die mögliche Ausbildung der zu versetzenden Meßpunkte in der Draufsicht. F is the crosshair R is the ring marker Fig. 3 shows the possible design of the measuring points to be offset in plan view.

Fig. 4 zeigt die mögliche Ausbildung der Meßpunkte in der Ansicht. Die Meßpunkte können angeklebt oder angeschraubt oder sonstwie befestigt werden. Das Material der MeB-punkte ist frei wahlbar.Fig. 4 shows the possible formation of the measuring points in the view. The measuring points can be glued or screwed on or otherwise fastened. The material of the measuring points is freely selectable.

Fig. 5 bis.7 zeigen die drei notwendigen Einstellungen, die an jedem Meßpunkt, der in beliebigem Winkel gesehen wird, vorgenommen werden müssen.Fig. 5 to 7 show the three necessary settings that are made on each Measuring point that is seen at any angle must be made.

Fig.. 5 ist die Einstellung zur Bestimmung der Koordinaten des Meßpunktes.Fig. 5 is the setting for determining the coordinates of the measuring point.

Fig. 6 ist die Einstellung des Fadenkreuzringes tangierend zu einer Seite des sichtbaren gröbsten Durchmessers.Fig. 6 is the setting of the crosshair ring tangent to a Side of the largest visible diameter.

Fig. 7 ist die gleiche Einstellung wie Fig. 6 an der anderen Seite des sichtbaren größten Durchmessers.Fig. 7 is the same setting as Fig. 6 on the other side of the largest visible diameter.

Claims (2)

Patentanspruch : 1) Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Abstande von Meßpunkten untereinander, -vorzugsweise zur Bestimmung der Konvergenz von Meßpunkten bei längerer Beobachtungszeit. Claim: 1) Method for determining the distances between measuring points with each other, -preferably to determine the convergence of measuring points for longer Observation time. Gemessen werden die Winkel zwischen den Meßpunkten und die Winkel der größten Durchmesser der Meßpunkte. Letztere werden als Maßstab verwendet, wodurch der Standort des Winkelmeßgerätes als bestimmender Faktor entfällt. The angles between the measuring points and the angles are measured the largest diameter of the measuring points. The latter are used as a yardstick whereby the location of the angle measuring device as a determining factor is omitted. Zur Messung wird vorzugsweise ein Theodolit mit automatischer Registrierung verwendet. A theodolite with automatic registration is preferably used for the measurement used. 2) Ausbildung der Meßpunkte nach Fig. 3 und 4 mit beliebig gearteter Befestigung aus beliebigem Material.2) Formation of the measuring points according to FIGS. 3 and 4 with any type Attachment made of any material.
DE19762632519 1976-07-20 1976-07-20 Theodolite surveying aid in buildings works - consists of conical elements set into building tunnel to form easily marked sighting points Withdrawn DE2632519A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19762632519 DE2632519A1 (en) 1976-07-20 1976-07-20 Theodolite surveying aid in buildings works - consists of conical elements set into building tunnel to form easily marked sighting points

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19762632519 DE2632519A1 (en) 1976-07-20 1976-07-20 Theodolite surveying aid in buildings works - consists of conical elements set into building tunnel to form easily marked sighting points

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE2632519A1 true DE2632519A1 (en) 1978-01-26

Family

ID=5983431

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE19762632519 Withdrawn DE2632519A1 (en) 1976-07-20 1976-07-20 Theodolite surveying aid in buildings works - consists of conical elements set into building tunnel to form easily marked sighting points

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (1) DE2632519A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8401113A (en) * 1984-04-06 1985-11-01 Matthijs Johannes Martinus Bog Rapid land surveying using panoramic camera - camera data is processed by computer to determine co-ordinates of many different points
FR2747466A1 (en) * 1996-04-10 1997-10-17 Touzot Jean Pierre Civil engineering surveyors level target

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8401113A (en) * 1984-04-06 1985-11-01 Matthijs Johannes Martinus Bog Rapid land surveying using panoramic camera - camera data is processed by computer to determine co-ordinates of many different points
FR2747466A1 (en) * 1996-04-10 1997-10-17 Touzot Jean Pierre Civil engineering surveyors level target

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