DE2621942A1 - METHOD FOR MACHINING AREAS AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THESES - Google Patents

Description

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PATENT ADVOCATE

DiPL.-PHYS. DR. WALTHER JUNIUS 3 Hanover

WOLFSTRASSE 24 TELEPHONE (05 ti) 83 45 30

May 11, 1976

Dr. J / R

My file: 2336

Vyzlrumny ustav kozedelny, Gottwaldov (Czechosloitfakia)

Process for the processing ";; of flat structures and devices to carry out the same

The subject of the invention is a method for processing planar structures, in particular leather, by spatial Deflection, pulling and pressing, alternating v / elcnes carried out in the two directions perpendicular to the pre-cleaning plane and a device for performing this method, which consists of at least one unit of support and There is pressure rollers on which mutually protruding and interengaging processing elements are arranged.

It is a method of working leather by spatial liciies Bending, pulling and pressing in places in a checkerboard arrangement, which alternates in both of the feed plane perpendicular directions is known.

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In this process, the learner piece is fed with oil while the v / irlcuneszait of the processing element is set. The processing elements are arranged on both sides of the feed plane and usually practice a vibratory movement in a direction perpendicular to the feed plane. The ksch part of this procedure ordered in need of cyclical interference the advance of the leather pieces. Because from this it follows a low work productivity and an increase in the noise level in the work rooms.

There are prerequisites for performing this procedure known, in which the piece of leather is transported between two elastic bands. These straps lead the piece of leather in a cyclically interrupted movement to the two units of machining elements. These editing elements have the shape of pins, which are firmly inserted in two plates, which are parallel to the pre-cliub plane of the elastic Ribbons are arranged. At least one of the plates is connected to a vibration drive so that this in the sighting perpendicular to the pre-caub plane of the bands vibrates when the ligaments stand still. The processing warning of the two plates "mature mutually between each other and bend the elastic bands. The Editing elements are in the plates in a chesso-like manner Fixed arrangement. They act on openwork Adjust the elastic bands, which also have the checkerboard-like arrangement. The main drawback This device consists in the fact that the processing elements on the leather piece only indirectly through the elastic Act on the ligaments. These elastic bands are then exposed to varying influences. Of these will

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namely sufficient rigidity and that of a conveyor expected service life required. At the same time, however, they must be sufficiently flexible for the transfer be the processing action. For these reasons, the elastic bands often become the cause of a defect the whole system.

In a number of operations in the tanning industry, it is advantageous to use mechanical influences the processing with other influences, e.g. with the chemical-physical influence of tanning solutions or with physical effects in the air or steam environment. Because the piece of leather between If the two elastic bands are included, it is not possible to use either of the two on this at the same time to influence extensible accompanying effects, "it is further disadvantageous that quite expensive devices are necessary to the vibratory movements of the plate exactly to be adjusted depending on the interrupted movement of the elastic bands.

A method for processing leather by spatial bending, pulling and pressing is also known the piece of leather between several pairs of rollers is passed through, where mutually superior Processing elements are arranged. Here are the processing elements of the neighboring summit circle lines the same roller arranged on common surface lines of the roller-shaped summit surface. The guarding part of this procedure consists in the fact that the piece of leather in a dimension corresponding to the oversize of the processing elements perpendicular to the front

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sciriib level stripes uirci. The Ji such processing is comparatively low.

The device for carrying out this known method best made of sienerese arranged one on top of the other Pairs of 7 / alsen. The Bearoeitun ^ selenonte, the one finger- "oaw. pen-shaped? orn are attached to the V. 'rolls arranged next to each other. The machining line of the neighboring summit circle lines of the same ', valze are on common dumbbell lines of the v / alz-shaped G-ipfelflciieie arranged. This solution had the advantage that individual Pairs of V / alzen sicli in vertical planes save space can be arranged, the distances of which are smaller than the length of the half-diameter knives of the walzförmircen Summit areas of the neighboring rollers. The disadvantage of this solution, however, is that all adjacent processing elements one roller on the piece of leather in the uninterrupted surface line of the Xfalzen-shaped summit surface at the same time act, whereby the piece of leather continuously only in strips that run perpendicular to the feed plane, bearoeit are. The processing effect is therefore proportionate low.

The invention avoids these disadvantages. It is the object of the invention to achieve a uniform, efficient machining of the leather, also with the possibility of chemical action, to reach.

The invention consists in that the planar structure is interrupted positions arranged like a chessboard with equal

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timely continuous tforscnub processed will.

The essence of the device for carrying out the invention Procedure ordered in that the processing elements are arranged on Einjen that side by side on the Support roller and the pressure roller of the "unit are attached, whereby the neighboring i-lings mutually increase each other by one Half of the division of machining elements are twisted.

The pressure roller is suitably for adjusting the excess, that is, the engagement depth of the processing elements slidably i ^- ela,? Ert.

The individual units of the back-up rollers and pressure rollers are advantageously essentially one behind the other arranged on horizontal planes. Between the individual units of the back-up rollers and pressure rollers, air nozzles can be arranged. The units of the backup rolls and pressure rolls can also be arranged in a closed chamber. The units of the support rollers and pressure rollers can but also be arranged in a './arms. Between each Units of the back-up rollers and pressure rollers are then in this embodiment, appropriately nozzles for Gerblösunf: arranged.

Other forms of augmentation can also be used to advantage: A support roller is arranged in a unit, their processing elements in mutual engagement with

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The work should be done at least : :: ier anarück ^ alzen, over: In a ~: er: e ins amen 'iin ^ eit there is a pressure roller on _L ; eordn.jt, whose processing:;, · :: elements in the -je ^ enseiti-; en singles;:; it! processing elements. at least ^. 'tier itützvjalüen (1a) cjshen. ! üie isarbeitun-; elements of the o "CÜts-:; alze of a unit steven im! e ^ ensGiti'jen -Sin riff :: \ ± t .3arbeituii": sele:;: ducks of the other ^ .clr. / alze of the other] 5inhöi "c.

/ orteiliiaft are also other editions. 's foraen: iuiscien. the i3earbeitaii; -sele: .i: NTSN the .otützv: s.lze are Grfnunf: s ^ to eord'net, the de unterö.ruckrauni α i: ii Innenraun the Stützi / Alze _to::;. esc Ilos. G:; n are. Z./iscnen the machining; ^ selementen the Andrüclr.valsa are üi'fnun ^r jen at -: eordnet that your üaterdruclcraum / are connected in the interior of Andrüclr Alze..

B ^{1 For} other types of work, the following embodiment is advantageous:

The inside of at least one support roller and at least one The pressure roller is arranged behind the cutting edge.

The technical advantage of the inventive method consists in that the continuous processing cer Flat structures at interrupted points of the checkerboard-like ITol ^ 'e better iinwirlrun ^ eier' editing as well an increase in labor productivity is achieved ".

The technical advantage of a device for performing The method according to the invention is that the inter alia one Twisted half of the 'division of the machin-cseleiaante -. "iiiiye the surface image in interrupted. passages of the se.ach Brettarticen j? olge o work to an extent that the water of the processing elements with continuous feed

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BATH ORIGINAL

is equivalent to. By, the "distribution of the excess of the machiningUTij -selemente by moving one of the rollers the size of the processing can also be adjusted. The unit of ./al sen can simply only be zuoiimenstellen from a support roller and a pressure roller. Due to the arrangement of the individual V / alzeneinneiten one behind the other the processing can be done with automatic Increase the continuous advance of the surface structure between the individual roller units. The one in a chamber enable air nozzles arranged together with roller units box mechanical action of the processing element the simultaneous action of a stream of air. This air flow at the same time contributes to the safer continuous Feed of the surface screed image to be processed at.

By arranging the roller units in a tub, the chemical-physical action of the tanning solution can be avoided connect favorably with the mechanical action of the processing elements. The Gerblösunsen can also through nozzles are fed.

By arranging several pressure rollers over a backup roller, the processing effect is increased, v / above the Machining elements ensure a safe continuous feed of the surface structure to be machined. The increased Machining effect can also be achieved by arranging a single pressure roller over several backup rollers.

By connecting two units, one from one has several pressure rollers over a backup roller and

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the other a single pressure roller over several support orphans on v / eist, the processing effect increases even more, whereby the mutual excess of the processing elements the support roller from one unit and the pressure roller the other unit a safe continuous feed of the surface structure to be processed.

Through the formation of openings between the individual Processing elements of the support or pressure rollers, in the interior of which a negative pressure is generated, can be used "Effect of machining and the security of a continuous Increase gate thrust of the surface structure further. Due to the arrangement of the unit of 3 support roller and pressure roller behind a cutting roller of another processing machine a safe and continuous advance of the fabric to be processed can be achieved.

Embodiment of the method

The fabric is folded between two rotating folds inserted, on the surface of which pin-shaped processing elements are arranged. The editing elements of the one Rollers alternately intervene between the processing elements of the other 7 / rolls and bend the flat structure, pull it through and press it at interrupted points in a scachboard-like sequence alternating in both directions perpendicular to the plane of advance of the sheet-like structure. The one another interengaging machining elements at the same time move the surface structure continuously between the two axes. Through the passage of the surface structure between two equivalents the basic cycle of the

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work finished. This can vary depending on what you want Effect of processing by inserting the fabric between the same rollers or repeatedly there can also be another continuous passage between further orphans.

The present invention is described below with reference to the exemplary embodiments shown schematically in the drawing explained in more detail. Show it:

Fig. 1 shows a cross section through a unit of support roller and pressure roller,

Fig. 2 is a section through the plane A-A of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 shows a cross section through one behind the other Units of backup rolls and pressure rolls,

Fig. ¹ V shows a cross section through units of support rollers and pressure rollers which are arranged in a chamber,

5 shows a cross section through units of backup rolls and pressure rollers, which are stored in a trough,

6 shows a cross section through a unit consisting of a support roller and several pressure rollers,

Fig. 7 shows a cross section through a device with a Unit of a back-up roller with several pressure rollers and another unit with a pressure roller with several backup rolls,

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Fig. 8 is a cross-section through a ". Unit of a Back-up roller and two pressure rollers behind a cutting roller of another processing machine are stored.

Example 1 (Fig. 1 and 2)

One of a backup roller 1 (Fig. 1) and a pressure roller 2 existing unit is in one;: one in the name vertical Level stored. On the support roller 1, Üinge 11, 12 (FIG. 2) are arranged and fastened next to one another. At the scope of the same are machining elements in regular divisions 111, 112, 121, 122 formed. Hinge 21, 22 are arranged next to one another on the pressure roller 2 and attached. Machining elements 211, 212, 221, 2-22 are formed at regular pitches t on the circumference of the same.

The processing elements 111, 112 of the ring 11 on the Support roll 1 are opposite to the machining elements 121, 122 of the benaciibarten xiin.-vos 12 by one half of the division t twisted. The Bearoeitang elements 211, 212 of the Ring 21 of the pressure roller 2 opposite the machining tools 221, 222 of the adjacent ring 22 twisted. The removal of the bearings of the support roller 1 and the Pressure roller 2 is designed so that the processing elements 111, 112, 121, 122, 211, 212, 221, 222 a mutual Oversize h and therefore have a mutual engagement between each other. It remains between the peaks of the Machining elements and the recesses of the opposite rings have a game v, that of the thickness m of the su machining Flat structure u corresponds.

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The operation of the device

Between the rotating support roller 1 and the pressure roller 2 is the hand of the fabric u a ^ ele ^ t. The processing elements 211, 212, 221, 222 of the pressure roller 2 grip progressively alternating between the processing elements 111, 112, 121, 122 of the Stützx ^ alze 1 and continuously pull the flat structure u between each other a. As a result of the rotation of the adjacent rings 11, 12; 21, 22 by half of the pitch t is the two-dimensional structure u with continuous precaub in interrupted places of the chessboard-like sequence due to spatial deflection, Pulling and pushing machined, each two adjacent places by machining in the reverse oinne that is perpendicular to the plane of advance of the flat structure u liicirfcung be deformed. The editing effect is there on the mutual oversize h of the processing elements 111, 112, 121, 122 of the support roller 1 and the processing elements 211, 212, 221, 222 of the pressure roller 2 directly dependent. The device according to this example represents a basic principle of the constructive solution for carrying out the method according to the invention in a number of work operations in the production of fabrics, especially leather.

Example 2 (Fig. 3)

The individual from support rollers 1 (Fig. 3) and pressure rollers 2 existing units are arranged one behind the other. The level of contact is between the individual units Guide plates 3 arranged. In front of the entry unit the support roller 1 and the pressure roller 2 are for loading

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of the surfaces / structure and a "lisch JI housed. At the Outlet unit also with a support roller 1 and a Pressure roller 2 is an Ablaset is cli 52 arranged. The pressure rollers all units can be moved vertically for setting the depth of engagement (of the excess ^ i; -rer Machining elements stored.

The operation of the device

The operator pushes the planar structure u on the ^f fiscii 31 between the support roller 1 and pressure roller 2 of the entry unit. The sheet-like structure u then automatically moves progressively between the support rollers 1 and pressure rollers 2 of all units. The planar structure is processed by the action of the processing elements, as in the device of Example 1, spatially. The machining effect is directly dependent on the number of units of backup rollers 1 and pressure orphans.

The device according to this example is particularly suitable for staking leather.

Example 3 (Fig. ² O

The individual units consisting of support rollers 1 and pressure rollers 2 are arranged one behind the other in a ge__ closed Kanner 4- arranged. In front of the entry unit consisting of support roller 1 and pressure roller 2 is in the A table 31 is arranged at the touch level. Behind the out A support table 32 is arranged in the exit unit consisting of the support roller 1 and the pressure roller 2. Between the

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Individual order from back-up rollers 1 and pinch rollers 2 Sense sides are in the chamber 4 below the surface structure u arranged between the support orphans 1 air nozzles 41 and above the, Fläcuengebildes u awisciien the Pressure roller !! 2 further air nozzles 42 are arranged.

The operation of the device:

The J? Surface structure u is continuously transported and at the same time during the passage between the Bearoeitüngselementen of the individual Jüinneiten of backup rolls 1 and pressure rollers 2, as in the device according to Example 2, machined. From the air nozzles 41, 42 flows the Air which, in addition to drying out the moisture contained in the surface structure, also allows perfect passage of the surface structure u between the individual units aer Backup rollers 1 and pressure rollers 2 secure.

The device according to this example is particularly suitable for the so-called dynamic drying of eggs suitable for leather, This is because it is the mechanical action by the processing elements individual units of support rollers 1 and pressure rollers 2 with the physical action of the Drying combined with flowing air. In this way, the work operation tunneling and drying can also be carried out be connected,.; obei the piece of leather under continuous Feed from the wet to the dry state lands and becomes soft at the same time.

By replacing air nozzles 41, 42 with nozzles for the / supply of the tanning solution can be operated in the chamber

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nen, with which on the SlächenTebilde u die Gerblösu.: i :; acts, to be efuiirted. As a result, e.g. with the Tanning the lector the Gerblcsunj better through the structure penetrate the 3u - ^ erbeneen leather.

Example 4 (ii'ig ·;?)

The individual units of otütswalzen 1 (left. 5) and pressure rollers 2 are arranged one behind the other in the .vanne 5, / or the entry unit of support roller 1 and the pressure roller / roller d. a l'isch 31 is arranged in your contact level. This i'isch ? Λ serves for the correct insertion of the js'lazenge formation between the:, alzen. On the discharge unit, which also consists of a support roller 1 and a pressure roller 2, a displaceable fish 2 is arranged. The V / amie 5 is filled with a tanning solution c. Nozzles 51 are arranged in the channel 5 between the support rollers 1 of the individual Sinlieiten.

The working value of the device:

The flat structure u is continuously transported and at the same time as the slack zv / ischen the processing elements of the individual sense sides of support rollers 1 and pressure rollers 2 spatially mechanically processed, as in the device according to Example 2. At the same time, the surface structure u acts on the tanning solution c. As the nozzles ^U A , the tannin flows: c in the opposite direction to the flat structure u, whereby a safe passage between the individual units of support rollers 1 and pinch rollers 2 is ensured.

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ORIGINAL iNSPECTED

The Vorricntung according to this example is in particular to increase the action of the tanning solutions and to accelerate of work operations in the tannery in which a tanning solution acts on the fabric u, e.g. suitable for tanning, dyeing and similar work. Due to the mechanical action of the processing elements on the support rollers 1 and pressure rollers 2, the tanning solution can better through the structure of the fabric to be tanned penetrate.

Example 5 (I ¹ Ig- 6)

A support roller 1 and a plurality of pressure rollers 2 are combined in a common unit. The back-up roll 1 therefore has a larger diameter (Fig. 6). The processing elements 111 of the support roller 1 are in mutual relationship Engagement with the processing elements 211 of the individual pressure rollers 2 of smaller diameter. The pressure rollers 2 are displaceable for adjusting the length of mutual engagement of the machining elements 111, 211 stored. Between the pressure rollers 2 and the Support roll 1, the sheet is inserted u.

The operation of the device:

The sheet u is in the passage between the support roller 1 and the individual pressure rollers 2 by the Machining elements 111, 211, as in the device according to Example 1, three-dimensionally machined.

The processing elements 111 of the support roller 1 simultaneously form an advantageous limb-shaped surface that the

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]? surface structure u between the individual change pressure rollers 2 safely transported. The processing effect can be through the .Setting the depth of engagement of the processing elements 111, 211 can be varied by moving the pressure rollers 2. Here is the "effect of this processing with the number of pressure rollers 2 directly proportional.

The device according to this example is in particular for Suitable for lectern studs.

Example 6 (Fig. 7)

The device according to Example 5 is no longer supplemented by a further unit. This has several backup rollers 1a of smaller diameter (5 ¹ IS. 7), the processing elements 112 of which are in mutual engagement with the processing elements 212 of the common pressure roller 2a of larger diameter. The processing elements 212 of the pressure roller 2a are in mutual engagement with the processing elements 111 of the support roller 1 of the unit according to Example 5-

above the pressure rollers 2 and below the backup rollers 1a Chambers 6 arranged. In the chambers 6 are air nozzles 61, arranged, which open between the individual support rollers 1 a and the pressure rollers 2. Between the processing elements 111 of the support roller 1, openings 63 are formed which are connected to the negative pressure space in the interior of the support roller 1 are. Openings 64 are formed between the processing elements 212 of the pressure roller 2a, which openings correspond to the negative pressure space in the Interior of the pressure roller 2a are connected.

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- 17 The operation of the device:

The surface structure u is continuous between the processing elements 111, 211 of the first unit of the backup roller 1 and individual pressure rollers 2, as in the device according to example 5? transported. As soon as the fabric u between the processing elements 212 of the pressure roller 2a and further between the processing elements 112 of the individual support rollers 1a of the second unit arrives, it comes into the area of the outflow from the air nozzles Air. This dries out the moisture retained in the surface structure and ensures that it is flawless Passage of the fabric u through the two roller units at.

The device according to this example is particularly suitable for the dynamic drying of leather, in which the Mecrian influence of the processing elements with the physical action of the flowing air is advantageously combined.

Example 7 (U ¹ Ig. 8)

A unit formed from a support roller 1 (FIG. 8) and two pressure rollers is arranged behind the sanneiden roller 7 of another processing machine. The sheet is printed at the cutting roll 7 by means of an auxiliary roller 71 ^at ~ u.

When the sheet-like structure u is processed by the cutting roller 7, it is grasped between the processing elements of the support roller 1 and the pressure rollers 2 and is then continuously and safely transported. The processing elements of the support roller 1 and the pressure rollers 2 prevent any possible penetration of the flat structure u between the cutting edges of the cutting roller 7

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edit elements of the support roller 1 and the pressure roller 2 at the same time the flat structure u, as in the Device according to Example 5

The device according to this example is suitable for a whole range of operations in the craft industry, such as deflashing, grinding and similar operations.
The unit of the support roller and the pressure rollers with processing elements according to the invention also enables
the compilation of continuously working production lines from different processing machines.

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Claims (1)

.Patent claims: Process for processing flat structures, in particular leather, by spatial bending, pulling and pressing alternately in both directions perpendicular to the feed plane,
characterized, that the flat structure at interrupted points a Chessboard-shaped sequence is processed with simultaneous continuous movement. 2. Device for performing the method according to claim 1, consisting of at least one unit of support and pressure rollers,
characterized, that the processing elements (111, 112, 121, 122; 211, 212, 221, 222) are arranged on rings (11, 12; 21, 22) are mounted side by side on the support roller (1) and the pressure roller (2) of the unit, the adjacent rings ('11, 12; 21, 22) mutually by half the pitch (t) of machining elements (111, 112, 121, 122; 211, 212, 221, 222) are twisted, whereby rollers are formed on which each other outstanding processing elements that engage between each other are arranged. 3. Device according to claim 2,
characterized,
that the pressure roller (2) to adjust the oversize - 20 - 609850/0672 (h) (the depth of engagement) of the machining elements (111, 112, 121, 122; 211, 212, 221, 222) is slidably mounted. 4 ·. Device according to claim 2,
characterized, that the individual units of the support rollers (1) and pressure rollers (2) one behind the other essentially in horizontal Layers are arranged. p. "Device according to claim 2,
characterized, that between the individual units of the support rollers (1) and pressure rollers (2) air nozzles (41, 4-2) are arranged. 6. Apparatus according to claim 2,
characterized, that the units of the support rollers (1) and pressure rollers (2) are arranged in a closed chamber (4 ·). 7 device according to claim 2,
characterized, that the units of the support rollers (1) and pressure rollers (2) are arranged in a trough (5). 8. Apparatus according to claim 2,
characterized, that between the individual units of the support rollers (1) and pressure rollers (2) nozzles (51) for tanning solution are arranged are. - 21 - 609850/0672 9. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that a support roller (1) in a common unit is arranged, the processing elements (111) in mutual engagement with processing elements (211) at least two pressure rollers (2) are standing. 10. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that a pressure roller (2a) in a common unit is arranged, the processing elements (212) in mutual engagement with processing elements (112) at least two support rollers (1a) are standing. 11. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that that the processing elements (111) of the support roller (1) a unit in mutual engagement with processing elements (212) of the pressure roller (2a) of the other unit stand. 12. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that that between the processing elements (111) of the support roller (1) openings (63) are arranged, which the vacuum chamber are connected in the interior of the support roller (1). 13 · Device according to claim 2, characterized in that - 22 6 0 9850/0672 that between the processing elements (212) of the pressure roller (2a) openings (64 ·) are arranged, the to the vacuum space in the interior of the pressure roller (2a) ans-e are closed. Device according to claim 2, thus marked e i clme t, that a unit of at least one support roller (1) and at least one pressure roller (2) behind the SCiineidenwalse (7) is arranged. 609850/0672