DE2613940A1 - FLOATING DEVICE FOR TREATMENT OF THE TOP LAYER OF A LIQUID - Google Patents

Description

Hanover, March 31, 1976

C 63 / sch - Applicant: B. J. Consultant

2, Square La Fontaine 75OI6 Paris, France

¹¹ Floating device for treating the upper layer of a liquid "

The invention relates to a floating device for treating the top layer of a Liquid, such as A lake or a river, and in particular a floating device to intercept the hydrocarbon layers on the surface of the sea.

The various known investigations and devices for combating marine pollution have so far not had satisfactory results in removing hydrocarbon films that one keeps going back and forth in the open sea encountered. These shifts are either due to accidents

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of tankers, ζ. Β. on the break of Tanks, or of devices for the promotion of petroleum, z. B. of drilling rigs, or on the discharge of petroleum waste products by ships into the sea.

In general, it is used in particular to combat marine pollution through hydrocarbon layers either devices and devices that only work at quieter See work and have low capacities, or emulsifying products or batches or aggravating agents that are only partially effective and on which Marine fauna and the sea floor, especially near the coast, have harmful effects and therefore turn out to be dangerous.

In order to overcome the disadvantages of such means, the present invention proposes a floating one Device for treating the upper

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Layer of a liquid, such as a lake or a river, characterized by it is that an opening provided on their front part is variable Height associated with the interior of the device, word η smock for decanting and storage of certain? Substances arranged contained in the amount of liquid admitted through the opening, at least one conduit for the outlet of the liquid separated from these substances is provided, which could flow into the device according to the invention.

According to another feature of the invention, the opening is of variable height from a multitude of cavities that are closed with the help of shut-off devices can, which latter by a swimmer or similar device depending on the level the water level can be controlled, so that only the shut-off devices are opened, which are

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above or at the level of the water level are located.

According to a further feature of the invention comprises the floating device at least a central container extending over substantially the entire length of the device extends and provided with Querwandursgen is, which are alternately interrupted up and down and guide surfaces for Separate the liquid flowing through the container form.

In a further embodiment of the invention, there are two on both sides of the middle container Arranged rows of side containers that form tanks for storing the substances, which is sucked on the surface of the liquid contained in the central container will. In another embodiment of the invention, the respective arrangement the * middle and side containers are reversed.

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The practical use of the device according to the invention has shown that in certain Cases an accumulation of the upper layer to be treated right at the inlet of the Liquid enters the device.

The present invention also relates to measures for preventing this premature Accumulation, which is particularly advantageous because it results in the treatment of the upper layer of the liquid mass to be treated is accelerated. This measure comprises a separation device with means for decanting, which extend over the entire length of the device and with the opening of variable height over a free flow path and an auxiliary decanting path stay in contact.

This auxiliary section is preferably superimposed on the free flow section and can be used with it be associated under control.

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The invention also relates to a method in particular for the treatment of hydrocarbon layers on the surface of the sea with the aid of a floating device. This method is characterized in that a certain amount of liquid contaminated with hydrocarbon is introduced through an opening of adjustable height located in the front part of the device, this liquid amount is a progressive decanting by pumping the upper layer of the liquid contained in the container into one The medium-sized container provided with baffles, whereupon this layer is fed into the tanks on either side of the central container.The liquid that has been let into the device and separated from the hydrocarbons is discharged through at least one outlet line, whereby the device is driven to the polluted sea surface and the tanks on the side are periodically emptied into any suitable collecting facility

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Further features of the present invention emerge from the following description, in which the invention with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings is explained.

In the drawings show:

Fig. 1 is a partial longitudinal section through a floating according to the invention Contraption;

Fig. 2 is a partially broken away

View from below of the device according to Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a front view of the floating device;

Figure h is an enlarged view of details of the opening provided in the front part of the floating device of Figure 1;

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Flg. Figure 5 is a broken away partial plan view of the floating one Contraption;

6 shows a section along the line VI-VI of FIG. 5;

7 shows a partial section in the longitudinal direction of a modified embodiment and

8 shows a plan view of the port-side front part of the device shown in FIG.

The floating device according to the invention consists in a preferred embodiment

one

a schute that allows / certain width to treat the surface layer of a liquid, the inside of the barge through an opening provided on its front with adjustable Height flows in. The amount of liquid let into the interior of the barge increases deposited in a central container and the unwanted products are in side

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Tanks are stored while the liquid separated from these products is over at the rear drain lines located in the barge are drained.

According to FIGS. 1 and 2, the front part of the chute has an opening 3 of variable height and a central container 2 which extends essentially over the entire length of the chute 1 and is provided with transverse partitions 4, 5, each according to are interrupted at the top and at the bottom. On both sides of the middle container 2, two rows of side tanks 6, 7 are arranged, which form storage tanks. The side tanks 6 are delimited by the partition walls h extending over the entire width of the barge 1, which run continuously, ie without interruption, at the level of the tanks 6, 7 ^v ° n and delimit closed side tanks. Therefore, only ore part of the partition walls k extending in the middle container is interrupted at the bottom in order to allow the free flow of the liquid.

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The front part 8 of the middle container 2 extends over the entire width of the Barge 1 and ends opposite the adjustable opening 3 on the front part of the barge 1. The rear part 9 of the middle container 2 opens into two outlet lines 10, 11 for the liquid contained in the container 2. The two lines 10, 11 are in relation to FIG the longitudinal axis of the barge 1 arranged symmetrically and each lead to its port and starboard side, preferably below the waterline. Propellers 12, 13 are arranged in each of the lines 10, 11, which are driven by diesel engines 14, 15, which in turn are in an engine room l6 are housed. In this two additional motors 18, 20 are provided, which drive two pumps 19, 21 arranged in a pump chamber 17.

The rear part of the barge 1 has a central indentation 25 with two stern tips 26, 27, which are provided with bollards 28, 29,

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by means of which the forward stem of a drift ship, not shown, into the indentation 25 can be brought into position.

In FIGS. 3 and 3h , the configuration of the variable opening 3 on the front part of the barge 1 is shown. The opening 3 consists of a multiplicity of closable cavities 30 'which are arranged next to one another in rows and one above the other in a columnar manner. Each cavity 30 can be closed by a flap 3I formed by a throttle flap which is rotatable about an axis arranged next to its axis of symmetry. This throttle valve consists z. B. from a simple rectangular sheet metal 32, which withstands relatively low compressive forces, and is arranged in the interior of the corresponding cavity 30 at a certain distance from the front part, so that the liquid flows are substantially concurrent with the perpendicular of the throttle valve. Each throttle valve 31 is connected to the piston rod 34 of a piston

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Cylinder drive 33 coupled with a small stroke and a large bore, which is a fast Opening and closing the throttle valve allows the end of the piston rod 3 ^ the Piston-cylinder drives 33 is on each

hinged
Temporary sheet metal 32 / ^and the end of each cylinder 35 of the piston-cylinder drives 33 in turn pivotable about a fixed axis A. The throttle valves 3I are automatically controlled with the aid of floats 38 or level-determining devices which are arranged on the front part of the various throttle valves 3I. The piston-cylinder drives 33 are fed by a central hydraulic device, not shown, via pneumatic relays or contactors, which ensure a high flow rate.

In Figures 5 and 6 are the connections between the middle container 2 and the two Rows of side tanks 6 and 7 are shown. Over the length of the middle container 2 is a variety of suction devices

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lines 40 for sucking the surface layer contained in the container 2 Arranged liquid. Each suction device 40 consists of a cylindrical, substantially horizontal hollow body 4l with a longitudinal opening 42 and extends perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the middle container 2. The cylindrical hollow body 41 is connected via a valve 44 to a manifold 43 with which all suction devices 4o are connected. The collecting line 43 works with the pumps 19 »21 together and thereby enables the surface layer in the container to be sucked off 2 contained liquid.

In the middle container 2 there is a certain number of suction or return valves 45 are provided, which are installed in the lower area of the container Ξ. All valves 45 are connected to one another via a manifold 46, which is also used, for example, for Cleaning of the middle container 2 can be used.

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In a similar way, all side tanks 6, 7 are in their lower area with a suction or backflow valve 47, which is provided with manifolds 48, 49 in connection.

The mode of operation of the device according to the invention is the following.

It is assumed that the Schute 1 to combat a hydrocarbon layer that floating on the surface of the sea. The barge is self-propelled, hauled out or by a drifting ship, not shown, which z. B. in the indentation 25 of the tail section is tied up, driven and is in the immediate vicinity of the hydrocarbon not brought. The opening 3 at the front of the barge allows the inlet of the adjacent surface layer of the sea surface polluted by the hydrocarbons inside the middle container 2. For this purpose, only those above or on the Height of the waterline located cavities 30 open, while the other below the waterline lying cavities are closed.

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It is advisable to only use a slight wash ge flow in ^ u the opening and the Closure of the corresponding flaps 31 is controlled by the Schwimir.e :: * 38, which are above the water level and are in a position due to their own weight, which the opening of a flap 31 a-ε Cavity 30 causes · Each of a cavity · 30 associated float 38 controls not the flap 31 assigned to the cavity, but the flap of the one below Cabbage room. Thus there are the floats 38, the opening and the closure of the Kieppen 31 secure, on an opening line above that controlled by them Flaps runs. This measure is a prerequisite for everyone to be aware of the The flaps located at the water level.

If the swimmers are in contact with the liquid or are in it, they get into a second position, which is the

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Closure of the flaps 31 corresponds to the corresponding cavities 30 (see FIGS. 3 and 4).

In this way, the hydrocarbons 50 and a certain amount of water 5I penetrate through the opening 3 and flow through the middle container 2 of the barge from the front through to the rear. The transverse ones, interrupted alternately upwards and downwards Partitions 4, 5 of the middle container 2 act as guide surfaces for separating the liquid flowing through. In the course of their flow through the middle container 2 are the hydrocarbons on the surface held and intercepted by the suction devices 40. In particular, these hydrocarbons penetrate 5 ° to the surface of the liquid in the container 2 float., via the opening 42 in the cylindrical hollow body 4l of the respective suction devices 40, and become Sucked in via the collecting line 43 and into the two sides of the middle container 2 arranged side tanks 6, 7 derived.

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In the example shown, two side tanks 6, 7 are assigned to each suction device kO.

The decanting process extends over the entire length of the middle container 2 and the one located at the rear end 9 of the container, freed from the hydrocarbons Liquid is drained into the sea through lines 10 and 11.

The two propellers 12, I3 present in lines 10 and 11 dispense the liquid a flow from front to back with sufficient speed so that at the front of the barge 1 a perfect one Suction is achieved.

The hydrocarbons 5 ° in the side tanks 6, 7 are stored, are then via the outlet valves 4 7 and collecting lines 48, 4 ° · drained to the outside and taken up in any container.

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For the described Schutte 1 know different Improvements are foreseen. So you can ζ .3. the extreme, air. Front part and on Close the rear part of the middle container arranged transverse partitions so that this container can be used as an ordinary tank. In addition, the articulation the respective piston-cylinder drives 32 of the cavities 30 are designed differently, the embodiment described here is only given as an example. It is essential that the piston-cylinder drives, depending on whether they are above or below the water level is controlled by the float 33 will.

You can also see the profile of the baffles change in order to achieve better decantation on the one hand and turbulence on the other. avoid phenomena.

Daneber r.icelt the shape of the fore stern of the Schute a big role: preferably one will

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inclined stem chosen to avoid the negative influence of eddy currents on the to avoid liquid streams entering the barge.

The average dimensions of the barge are approximately 70 meters in length and 70 meters in width 20 meters, 6 meters in height and about 4 meters in draft. Each cavity has here a width of 1 meter and a height of 0.5 meters.

The invention for combating marine pollution Schute used allows the surface of liquids and in particular of the hydrocarbon layers on the sea surface in a particularly effective way treat.

The practical use of a device of the type described has shown that in certain Cases of premature accumulation of the topsheet 50 of the treated liquid immediately enters the device 1 at its inlet.

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Such an early accumulation of the top layer 50 to be treated is prevented by the in the Figures 7 and 8 shown modified embodiment prevented.

In these figures, similar to those in the other figures, components have the same reference numerals.

In Figure 7, the front part of the barge 1 is provided with an adjustable opening 3, which consists of a large number of those arranged in rows and columns next to one another and one above the other There is cavities 30. Each cavity 30 can through the flap 31 or throttle valve, as already described, be closed.

The tray 1 is provided with a decanter, as in the first embodiment consists of the middle container 2, the top through the deck 101 and below through the floor the schute is limited. The middle container is laterally divided by two backbodies and starboard-side tanks 6, 7, with FIG. 8 only showing the port-side tank 6.

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The middle container 2 is provided with transverse partitions 4, 5, which alternately extend from the deck 101 and from the bottom 102 of the barge and are interrupted upwards and downwards to guide surfaces to separate the liquid flowing through the container 2.

In order to avoid the premature accumulation of the topsheet 50 at the entrance of the device, is the decanter, which is essentially similar to the previous example has corresponding separating means over the entire length of the device a free flow section IO3 and an auxiliary decanting section 1θ4 with the adjustable opening 3 in connection. In the example shown, the auxiliary decanting track 104 is the superimposed and includes free flow path IO3 first a so-called calming aid container IO5, which is supported on the deck 101,

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The free flow path 103 is laterally through the side walls 106 of the bin 1 and above through the floor 102 of the bin 1 and the floor 107 of the calming tank IO5.

The calming container IO5 is on its opposite the adjustable opening 3 lying surface 108 is provided with open areas which through rows and columns, with means for free or unhindered opening and windows IO9 provided for closing are formed. These funds are z. B. by the Gravity affects and open by the action of the opening 3 let in Liquid cext stream. These Mitfei are formed by flaps 110, which are in each case on the upper part Axes 111 arranged in the window are pivotable.

As FIG. 8 shows, the calming container IO5 is divided into compartments 112 in the transverse direction, provided with longitudinal walls II3 and arranged so that they are with different Areas Il4a, Il4b etc. of the opening 3 interact can. Each compartment 112 is also

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which is connected to the corresponding surface 11h by at least one additional wall 115. The walls II3 and II5 have at least the same height as the calming container IO5.

The auxiliary decanting line 104 can also be brought into controllable connection with the free flow path IO3, for what purpose the bottom 107 of each compartment 112 has an opening 116. This can be done with the help of Flaps 117 »which are manually or by means of a device 118 arranged on the deck 101 automatically operated, opened and closed.

112 is at the bottom IO7 of each compartment

a cylindrical chamber 119 attached, in the upper part of which is provided with a circular float. In the example shown this swimmer 120 has perforations 121 at several points at its beginning so that the The upper layer of the liquid entering the compartment can enter the interior of the chamber 119,

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The liquid contained in the chamber 119 is sucked from below by a pump 122 z, -i , which can be a centrifugal pump with a large output and a large opening or a vacuum pump. It has been found that, in connection with the dimensions given above, a pump with a capacity of 500 tons per hour is well suited.

This pump is connected via a line 123 to a distributor sump 124 with which a distribution device 125 is coupled with the help of suitable, not shown pipelines and valves or Protect the connection with the storage tanks 6, 7 to partially establish. The distribution device I25 could also be part of the connection the tub 124 with another space or another means, such as. B. the middle decanter 2, the room, which lies between the surface 108 of the calming container and the adjustable opening 3, or with the amount of liquid to be treated, depending on the composition the liquid contained in the ¥ anne 124.

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The operation of this device is as follows. The one entering through the surfaces Il4a, Il4b Hydrocarbon layer 50 is through the walls 113 and 115 and passes through the openings 109 into the compartments 112 of the calming container IO5. The floats 120 follow the level of those entering the compartments 112 Liquid and only allow the hydrocarbon to flow through the openings 121 layer 50 into chamber 119 · Pump 122 conveys the collected liquid into the distribution trough 124. The remainder, into the Liquid contained in compartments 112 is then drained in a controlled amount through opening II6 and treated in the central decanting tank 2. The one contained in the tub 124 Liquid can flow in the following flow paths through the controlled action of the distributor device 125 follow: it is either directed into the side tanks 6, 7, if the into the chamber 119 contains a lot of hydrocarbons, or in the central decanting container 2 or the upstream room (by reflux

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funded by lines IO3 and 104), if the liquid sucked in by the pump 122 and stored in the ¥ anne 124 is relatively contains a lot of water, so that in this case a decanting operation is preferably carried out rather than unnecessarily ¥ also to load the side storage tanks 6, 7 with an amount of liquid that is in the

Compared to the hydrocarbon, it is pretty good contains a lot of water. The liquid in the tub 124 can also be outside the bowl 1, e.g. B. be discharged into the sea or into a river if such a measure is due the very low percentage of hydrocarbons in this liquid can be.

The device 125 can with the help of suitable Means can be controlled automatically or by the operating staff.

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Claims (6)

26139A0 PATENT CLAIMS lJ Floating device for treating the surface layer of a liquid, such as B _{0 of} a sea or a river, characterized in that an opening (3) of variable height arranged on its front part communicates with the interior of the device, in which means for decanting (2) and storing (6, 7) certain, products contained in the amount of liquid admitted through this opening (3) are arranged, and at least one line (10, 11) is provided for the outlet of the liquid admitted into the device (1) and separated from these products a.-bge. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that that the opening (3) consists of a plurality of closable cavities (30). 609842 / 073G ~ ²⁸ ~ 2 6 1 3 9 A 3. Device according to. Claim 2, characterized in that that the cavities (30) are arranged in rows next to one another and in columns one above the other. 4. Apparatus according to claim 2 or 3 »characterized in that each cavity (30) through a flap (31) »in particular a throttle valve, can be closed. 5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the opening (3) and the V _e rschluß the flap (3I) as a function of the position of a float (38) or a level determination device with respect to the water level can be controlled. 6. Apparatus according to claim 4 or 5 »characterized in that only the flaps (31)» which are above or at the level of the water level are open. - 29 - 609842/07 3 7613940 7. Device according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that each of the opening and the closure of the Flaps (31) controlling floats (38) are arranged on an opening line which is above the flaps they control. 8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the decanting means consists of at least one central container (2), which extends substantially over the entire length of the device (l) and with transverse partition walls (4, 5) is provided, each upwards and downwards are interrupted at the bottom and thereby guide surfaces for the decantation process by the container (2) form flowing liquid. 9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the container (2) on the - 30 - 609842/0730 7613940 front end of the device (l) to the Opening (3) opens out. 10. Apparatus according to claim 8 or 9 »characterized in that the container (2) for discharging the liquid contained in it at the rear part of the device (l) opens into a line (10, 11). 11. The device according to claim 10, characterized in that the line (10, 11) with Closure means is provided. 12. Device according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the middle Container (2) with a multiplicity of devices (4o) for sucking the surface layer the liquid contained in the container (2) is provided. 13 · Device according to claim 12, characterized in that the suction device (ho) consists of a cylindrical, essentially horizontal hollow body (4l) which extends transversely to the - 31 - 6 0 9 8 4 2/0 7 3 0 . 31 - Longitudinal axis of the middle container (2) and ± n near the surface layer of the in arranged the liquid contained in the container and provided with a longitudinal opening (^ 2) is, as well as consists of a suction pump. Device according to one of claims 8 to 13 »characterized in that the Container (2) is assigned two rows of side tanks (6, 7) arranged on both sides are that a storage device for the out of the container (2) through the suction devices (^ O) form sucked products. 15 · - Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Decanting device extending essentially over the entire length of the device (l) Decanting means (2) comprises a free flow path (IO3) and a Decanting auxiliary section (104) with the adjustable Opening (3) is in communication. - 32 - 609842/07 3D ? 6 1 3 9 4 1ό. Device according to. Claim 15 »thereby characterized in that the decanting auxiliary line (104) is superimposed on the free flow path (103) and with these can be connected controllably. 17 · Device according to claim 15 or 16, characterized characterized in that the auxiliary decanting section (l04) is a calming tank (105) includes the one on his opposite the adjustable opening (3) lying surface (IO8) with perforations (109) is provided, the opening of which by means for free opening and closing (HO) is controlled, these means being actuated by gravity and due to the effect of the liquid flow entering through the opening (3) to open. 18. The device according to claim 17, characterized in that that the calming tank (105) contains a pump (122). - 33 6098 4 2/0730 7 6 1 3 9 A Π 19 · device according to. Claim 18, characterized in that the pump (122) with a distribution trough (124) is in communication with a device (125) for distributing the contained therein Liquid cooperates, this device (I25) is controlled so that they connect the tub (124) with the storage devices (6, 7) or with another space or medium, such as e.g. the decanting means (2), or the space between the calming tank (105) and the adjustable opening (3) üßgt, or with the amount of liquid, namely depending on the composition of the liquid contained in the line manufactures. 20. Device according to one of the preceding claims 17 to 19 »characterized in that that the calming tank (IO5) is divided into compartments (ll2) in the transverse direction is, each with longitudinal - 3k - 6 0 9 8 4 2/0 7 3 0 2 6 1 3 9 A Π - 3k - Partition walls (ll3, 115) are provided and arranged so that they are with different Areas (ll4a, Il4b) of the adjustable opening (3) cooperate, the means (HO) for freely opening and closing the calming container (105) work individually for each compartment (112). 21. The device according to claim 20, characterized in that the compartments (II2) each are provided with a chamber (ll9) whose wall height depends on the The liquid level of a compartment (ll2) is variable, and that in the process in the chamber (119) only flow in the upper layer of the liquid present in the compartment can, wherein the pumps (122) with the respective chambers (ll9) are in communication. 22. Device according to one of claims I5 to 21, characterized in that the decanting auxiliary section (ΐθ4) extends over the entire Length of the device (l) in a smaller - 35 - 809842/07 3 0 7Bl 39 AC) Height than the total depth of the device (l) extends, and that the free flow distance (IO3) is formed by the space between the bottom (107) of the container (IO5) and the bottom (IO2) of the device (l) is included. 23 · Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is self-driving 24. Device according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 23 »characterized in that that it consists of a barge operated by a drifting ship. 25. Process for the treatment of hydrocarbon layers on the sea surface with the aid of a floating device, in particular a barge, characterized in that that through an opening (3) with adjustable height on the front part of the device (l) a certain amount of with hydrocarbons - 36 - 609842/0730 contaminated liquid is introduced, that of a progressive decantation in a middle ^ with baffles (4, 5) provided container (2) is subjected, the surface layer of the in the container (2) The liquid contained is diverted into storage tanks (6, 7) arranged on both sides of the central container (2) is, whereupon the admitted into this container (2), from the hydrocarbons separated liquid throat is discharged through at least one drain line (10, 11), wherein the device (l) moves on the dirty water surface and the side tanks (6, 7) be emptied periodically. 6 0 9 8 4 2/0 7 3 f J Empty soap