DE2613789A1 - HYDROPNEUMATIC DEVICE FOR REGULATING THE SEQUENCE OF A RIVET WITH CLAMPING RING FASTENING - Google Patents

Description

PATENT Attorney DlPL-ING. KLAUS-JÜRGEN SCHWARZ

BONN 1, March 30, 1976

ADENAUERALLEE 46 A TELEFON (022 21) 631547 FILE NO .: 1'31 6/76

ETABLISSEJiFNTS SAIVi-CiIAMOND-GHANAT 185 boulevard Bineau

92 200 NEUILLY S / SEIλΕ - France -

Sponsors never did!

Hydropneumatic device for regulating the setting sequence of a rivet with clamping ring fastening

The invention relates to a hydropneumatic device for regulating the setting sequence of a rivet with clamping ring fastening and thus relates to devices for setting rivets with clamping ring fastening, in particular to the hydropneumatic devices that are used in explosion-proof systems, such as in mines or in the petrochemical industry _; can be used.

609882/0293

ORIGINAL INSPECTED

It is known to be used in certain industrial plants All electrical circuits and devices are prohibited, as there is always the possibility of sparking with such devices exists with the result that only equipment and facilities operated with compressed air or hydraulically are permitted will.

The invention is based on the object of an effective hydropneumatic device for regulating the setting sequence in particular in the fastening of rivets with clamping ring fastening to create those for use in explosion-proof Plants is suitable.

The invention is based on the idea of such a device to train so that a hydraulic device applies the driving force for setting the rivet and a Separate pneumatic arrangement for generating the required hydraulic pressure and for timing the setting sequence and the duration of the individual setting cycles is provided.

According to the state of the art, such a control would only be through a fairly extensive system of pre-regulation to be realized by means of a controlled gas flow, which would make timing extremely difficult and cause quite a large consumption of fluid.

The device for setting rivets according to the invention comprises a setting gun and a generator for generating the required Setting force, whereby the control for the setting process is mainly integrated into the setting gun itself.

609882/0293

Specifically, it is provided that the device comprises a set pistol with a pulling chamber and a return chamber, that a valve connected to the surrounding free air or a pusher is provided with a valve needle and a counter-pressure spring, that a distributor with a three-way slide with a Compression spring, with a piston separating two chambers, a nozzle and a pneumatic needle valve as well as a balanced counter pressure spring, a hydropneumatic valve with a valve needle, a counter pressure spring and a piston, a separating valve with a double piston that forms three chambers, a safety valve with a valve needle and a counter-pressure spring, a return valve which is connected to the reservoir for the hydraulic fluid and comprises a valve needle which cooperates with a passage and forms a chamber which in turn is connected to the reservoir through an opening, and an arrangement with a hydraulic pump, which through a compressed air motor is driven, are provided that these various elements are arranged such that on the one hand the start of the pulling period is triggered by opening the valve by the operator and the pressure acting on one of the surfaces of the piston of the distributor according to the calibration of the nozzle the displacement of the three-way valve slide causes the simultaneous supply of hydraulic fluid to the chamber and the simultaneous connection of the chamber with the storage container, the chamber of the valve is also emptied and the pressure acting on the piston of the valve drops, so that the spring through the Valve needle interrupts the connection of the chamber of the valve with the surrounding free air, the one valve then acts on the chamber of the other valve and due to the fact that the cross section of one chamber is substantially larger than the difference between the cross sections

- h 609882/0293

the other two chambers, the double piston is so relocated that the air motor is supplied with compressed air and that the hydraulic circuit is pressurized, and that on the other hand, the start of the return period by closing of the control valve connected to the surrounding free air by pressing the push button by the operator is triggered with the result that the pressure in the chambers equalizes, that the spring, the three-way valve slide of the distributor pushes back, which simultaneously causes the supply of one chamber and the connection of the produces another chamber with the storage container, wherein the further chamber is no longer connected to the storage container is, just as the valve no longer supplies the chamber connected to it, that the hydraulic pressure in one chamber grows in order to at the end reach a value determined by the chamber and the spring connected to it, at which also the valve needle is raised, and this pressure drops below the connection to the reservoir via the opening a reduced pressure, which is determined by a further chamber and a spring, that this decreased Maintains pressure in the chamber and allows the end piece of the rivet to be ejected and the following rivet to be inserted, that this pressure also acts on the piston of the valve, which then compresses the spring, and that the piston due to the fact that the cross-section of the chamber is substantially larger than the cross-section of the other chamber is, while the valve connects the chamber with the surrounding open air, shifts and the compressed air supply interrupts the order.

In more general terms, the process of setting a rivet with a clamping ring fastener is shrink-fitting a ring

609882/0293

made of deformable material by means of one on the setting gun trained drawing iron on a rod or a? -rietkörper with grooves or notches that are mutual Ensure anchoring of the arrangement.

The rod passing through the arrangement has one which is designed in this way Head that it is supported and embraced on one of the end faces of the arrangement, on the other hand a corrugated one End piece which is designed such that it can be gripped by a clamping device which exerts an axial locking force on the arrangement.

The deformable clamping ring is at the same time pulled tightly onto the grooves or notches and is supported against the other Side of the assembly from by a jaw or a die coaxial with the clamping piece.

When the ring is clamped, the end piece provided for gripping is released from the rod or rivet and thereby effects the assembly described, a precisely calibrated shear groove being provided precisely for this purpose.

At the end of the setting period, the end piece is ejected.

The invention therefore proposes a hydropneumatic device and a setting gun which is designed with an automatic locking system which is activated after each setting process and which strictly limits the working hours to the useful times of the work process and in this way the consumption of gas to a minimum reduced.

609882/0293

To this end, the device of the invention comprises in addition to the setting gun, a valve for connection to the open air, a distributor, a hydropneumatic valve, a separation valve, a safety valve and a valve that leads to the liquid storage container.

Further details and advantages of the subject matter of the invention emerge from the following description of a Preferred embodiment shown in the drawing, the characteristic features of this invention starting from a minimal number of integrated hydraulic and pneumatic parts or components can be obtained. Show it

Fig. 1 shows the setting gun for rivets according to the invention in a schematic representation with the associated Push button or pusher,

Fig. 2, also in a schematic representation and in longitudinal section, the arrangement of the setting gun on a rivet with clamping ring fastening. during the phase preceding the setting process,

Fig. 3 shows the arrangement of the same. Setting gun on the rivet with clamping ring fastening in schematic representation and in longitudinal section during the setting process following phase and after canceling the end,

4 shows a schematic longitudinal section through the device during the ejection phase of the end piece,

Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of the entire hydraulic and pneumatic working circuits of the device according to the invention,

609882/0293

6 shows a longitudinal section through a section of the generator or drive motor according to the invention,

7 shows a longitudinal section through a second part of the Drive motor according to the invention and

8 shows a longitudinal section through a third part of the generator or drive motor according to the invention.

The method for setting a rivet with clamping ring fastening is shown in detail in FIGS. 1 to h. The rivet 1 has a head on one side of the parts 2 to be connected and on the other side of its shank a series of circumferential grooves or notches 1a, which, after a cylindrical intermediate section of the shank, are also provided with circumferential grooves or notches provided end piece 1b connects. Furthermore, a pre-calibrated predetermined breaking point 1c is provided in front of the cylindrical intermediate section of the shaft.

As can be seen in Fig. 2, a deformable ring 3 is provided with the circumferential grooves or notches 1a Shank section pushed on. On this section of the Rivet 1 is then a rivet gun, which is designated as a whole with 10, placed with its nose so that the gun mouthpiece 11 grasps the ring 3 at its frustoconical end and is ready to put the ring around the grooved Shaping around the shank of the rivet, with clamping pieces 12 provided in the nose of the rivet gun in clamping engagement with reach the circumferential grooves or notches of the end piece 1b.

As shown in Fig. 3, by operating the rivet gun 10 axial forces exerted on the ring 3 by the

609882/0293 - 8 -

the ring is deformed and tight around the shank of the rivet 1 is laid around while the end piece 1b of the shaft is severed at the predetermined breaking point 1c.

The end of the process is shown in Fig. H , where the end piece 1b of the rivet 1 is ejected by the ejector 13 from the rivet gun 10 so that it is ready for a new fastening process again.

about these known necessary measures for Setting and fastening a rivet according to the invention will now be based on FIG. 5, the function of all of those Parts described in more detail, which interact very specifically within the scope of the present invention.

The deformation of the ring 3 by the gun mouthpiece and the actuation of the clamping pieces 12 are through the Pressurization of the chamber C1 of the rivet gun 10 causes.

A reverse effect is achieved by relieving the pressure in this chamber C1 and by simultaneously applying pressure to the Chamber C2 acts while pressurizing the head of the ejector 13 causes the end piece 1b to be ejected.

The circulation of the hydraulic fluid is ensured by lines Ik and 15 which connect the rivet gun 10 to a distributor 20, which is described in more detail below.

The distributor 20 essentially comprises, as FIG. 5 shows, a slide valve designed in the manner of a three-way valve slide which, on the one hand, connects the hydraulic lines Ik and, shown with solid arrows

609882/0293

with the fluid container 19 for the hydraulic fluid and on the other hand the connection of lines I5 and 17, the lead from the hydraulic pump 80 to the rivet gun 10, produce can. The line 16 remains closed in this position.

In another position, the same slide valve can connect the hydraulic lines I5 and 16 (dashed lines) Arrows) with the line 18 leading to the liquid container 19 and on the other hand the Connect lines 14 and 17 leading to pressure to chamber C1 of the rivet gun.

The slide valve of the distributor 20 is formed with a first compressed air system with two chambers S1 and S2, the are connected to a nozzle A and to a valve V2 with a compensating spring Ra.

The slide itself is under the action of a spring Rb, the function of which is set out below.

Various compressed air lines extend from the distributor 20. A line 21 leads to an actuating device 30, which is in connection with the surrounding air and is in principle arranged on the rivet gun. A line 22 is used to supply compressed air under a pressure P, while a line 23 leads to the nozzle A, a line 2k is arranged between the chamber S5 of a valve 50 and the valve V2 and another line 22 is the chamber Sk of the valve 50 with the Valve V 2 connects.

A pressure valve V5 which is connected to the liquid container 19 and which is denoted by 70 is connected to the hydraulic lines

609882/0293 " ¹⁰ "

15 »16 and 18 connected and includes a piston 71 with a Valve needle 72, which has a valve seat at an opening 73 cooperates in such a way that the pressure in the chamber 03 when connected to the return line O to the liquid container 19 changes, with a spring Rc counteracting the fluid pressure.

Another hydraulic valve V4, which is denoted by 40, has a piston 42, which under the action of the fluid pressure is in the line 16, while a valve needle 43 connected to the piston 42 is operated by a counter-pressure spring Rd is applied.

The actuating device connected to the surrounding air V1, which is designated 30, consists essentially of a push button 31> which is connected to a valve needle 32, which in turn is acted upon by a counter-pressure spring 33 is, the fluid pressure through the line 21 is effective.

A safety valve 60 directs any liquid s-over he pressure through the line 18 to the liquid container 19s as is generally known in practice.

Another isolating valve V3, which is denoted by 50, has a double stepped piston 5I, the several Chambers S3, S4, S5 separate from each other, the first of which Chamber S 5 through, the line 24 with the valve V2 of the distributor 20 and through the line 41 is connected to the hydropneumatic valve V4, while the second chamber S4 also with is connected to the valve V2 and pressurized via the line 22 with compressed air and the third chamber through the line 25 to a compressed air motor 80 for driving the hydraulic pump connected.

- 11 -

609882/0293

The arrangement is completed by a device 90 which has a filter and a lubricating device which is also known per se 92 includes, in the supply line 93 for the gaseous medium, usually compressed air, are arranged.

The start of the "pulling section" of the setting gun is through The control valve V1 connected to the ambient air is opened by the operator who presses the push button 31 presses, initiated.

The nozzle A is calibrated as follows: (pressure P in chamber S2 χ cross section of chamber S2) + pressure of spring Rb K. Pressure P χ cross section of chamber S1.

As a result, the slide valve of the distributor 20 is displaced and compensates according to the dashed arrows here, the pressure medium supply of the chamber C1 and the connection of the chamber C2 to the liquid container at the same time 19 is effected.

Chamber C3 of valve V5 is also emptied at the same time and the valve needle 72 comes under the action of the spring Rc on its seat 73.

The pressure on the piston k2 of the valve V4 decreases and the spring Rd interrupts the connection of the chamber S5 of the valve V3 through the line 41 with the surrounding air through the valve needle ^ 3.

The valve V2 then releases the supply of compressed air to the chamber S 5 of the valve V3 through the line Zk, and there the condition

- 12 -

609882/0293

Cross section of the chamber S5 ^ Cross section of the chamber S ^ - Cross section of the chamber S3

is given, the stepped piston 5I shifts to the left and thereby connects the air motor of the assembly with line 25.

It is important to note that the liquid pressure at the end of the pulling movement through the connecting line f in the Housing of the rivet gun is limited, and that instantly any excess liquid pressure through the safety valve 60 is prevented or reduced.

The start of the "return movement" is caused by the closing of the valve V1 connected to the surrounding air, by the operator letting go of the push button 31.

The pressures in chambers S1 and S2 are then the same off and the spring Rb pushes the slide valve of the distributor 20 back, which thereby switches over accordingly causes the full arrows and at the same time releases the supply of hydraulic fluid to the chamber C2 and connects the chamber C1 to the liquid container 19.

The piston of the rivet gun begins its return and parallel to it the chamber C3 is no longer with the liquid container 19 connected, just as the valve V 2 no longer releases the compressed air supply to the chamber S 5 of the valve V3.

While the piston 5I is in its left end position, the valve Vk is then closed in that the line 16 is no longer under pressure.

- 13 -

609882/0293

In this position of the piston 5 ″, the arrangement 80 continues to be supplied with compressed air through the line 25 and the hydraulic pressure continues to grow accordingly in order to reach a value at the end of the movement which is determined by the cross section S6 of the valve V 5 and the spring Rc is determined. The valve needle 72 then lifts and allows a certain amount of hydraulic fluid to pass through the line 15, which is discharged through the opening 0 to the fluid container, lowering the pressure to a lower value which is determined by the cross section S7 and the spring Rc is determined.

Such a pressure is maintained in the chamber C2 and causes the end piece 1b of the rivet 1 to be ejected so that the following rivet can be inserted.

The same pressure also acts on the piston 42 of the valve Vk, which then compresses the spring Rd.

Then the valve Vk connects the chamber S5 with the surrounding air and the piston 51 moves, since the cross section of the chamber Sk is larger than the cross section of the chamber S3, to the right and interrupts the supply of compressed air to the arrangement 80 through the line 25. The The motor is thus switched off and all elements are in the starting position at the beginning of the "pulling process", as shown in the diagram of FIG.

In order to facilitate the execution of the pressure generator according to the embodiment of the invention, FIGS. 6, 7 show and 8 d ± e arrangement of various hydropneumatic components inside the blocks arranged next to one another.

- Ik -

609882/0293

The block 100 shown in FIG. 6 comprises the components of the valve V3 and, assembled with the blocks 120 and 1 ko, forms a unit for receiving the distributor 20 and the valve V2.

The block 120 shown in FIG. 8 contains in its lateral part on the one hand the valve V5 and on the other hand the safety valve 60, while FIG. 7 shows the arrangement of the block 160 for receiving the valve Vk .

All of these blocks are connected to one another in the usual way.

All for the application of the working principle of the invention The essential components of the device have already been identified on the diagram of FIG. 5, so that the most important Functional parts will be described below with reference to Figs.

Resulting from the chamber sections Sk, S 5 and S3 composing chambers are shown in FIG. 6 formed by the piston 5Λ dual bore and annular seals IO3 _f 1o4, 105, which slide in the different bores 101, 102.

In the same Fig. 6, the valve V2, which is under the pressure P supplied through the line 22, except for the spring Ra formed by a valve needle 106 which rests on a seal 107.

609882/0293

As further shown in Fig. 6, the manifold 20 consists of a slide 108 with grooves and flats 108a, 108b, 108c, which are intended to connect the various annular chambers or annular spaces 109 »110, 111, 112 and 113 to one another in such a way that that thereby the functioning of the device is realized in accordance with the arrows shown in the diagram of FIG will.

The slide 108 is under the action of the spring Rb by means of the plunger ¹ IIh and under the action of the pressures prevailing in the chambers S2 and S1 via the pressure piston 115 and ring seals, while the nozzle A comes from a calibrated passage between the chamber S2 and the line 22, which is under the pressure P, exists.

Fig. 8 shows how, on the one hand, the valve V5 and, on the other hand, the safety valve 60 in the block 120 in practical terms Side are arranged.

These two devices can be regulated by means of screws 121, 122.

The arrangement 80, which generates the liquid pressure on the basis of a supplied air pressure, is known as such and does not need to be described.

Likewise, the filter 91 and the lubricator 92 are in ongoing practical use and as such are not new either.

In summary, the fluid pressure generated by the pressure generator is obtained by a piston pump

- 16 -

609882/0293

which is driven by a reciprocating air motor, the pressure medium supply to the motor being controlled by the stepped valve V "3, which is divided into sections, depending on an end position control by the valves V2 and Vk and depending on the supplied air pressure, and that the end signal at the end of each fastening process is given by the valve V5 connected to the liquid container 19 and to the valve Vk.

In order not to have a control connection between the pressure generator and the rivet gun, the hydraulic distributor is through a compressed air device which is under the pressure of a spring and operates with negative pressure is controlled. That with the The valve V1 connected to the surrounding air is also basically integrated into the rivet gun and controls the entire Control of the distributor.

For example, it should be noted that the device according to the invention, the attachment of a rivet with clamping ring attachment of 20 mm diameter made of steel of the quality 1/2 hard in a time of about 25 seconds.

In such a fastening process, the pressure of the compressed air supplied is approximately k to 7 bar to generate a liquid pressure of the order of magnitude of 400 bar with a breaking strength of the rivet of approximately 15 to 17 t.

Claims

609882/0293

- 17 -

Claims (4)

Claims (1. Hydropneumatic device for regulating the setting sequence of a rivet with clerical fastening, characterized in that the device comprises a setting gun (10) with a pulling chamber (C1) and with a return chamber (C2) that is connected to the surrounding free air connected valve or a pusher (V \) is provided with a valve needle (3 °) and a counter pressure spring (33) t that a distributor (20) with a three-way slide, with a compression spring (Rb), with a two chambers (S1, S2 ) separating piston, a nozzle (A) and a pneumatic needle valve (V2) as well as a balanced counter pressure spring (Ra), a hydropneurnatic valve (V4) with a valve needle (k3), a counter pressure spring (Rd) and a piston (42) Isolating valve (V3) with a double piston that forms three chambers (S3, S4, S5), a safety valve (60) with a valve needle and a counter pressure spring, a return valve (V5) which is connected to the reservoir (19) for the hydraulic fluid U.N d comprises a valve needle (71) which cooperates with a passage (56) and forms a chamber (C3) which in turn is connected to the storage container (19) through an opening (θ) and an arrangement (80) with a hydraulic pump, which is driven by a compressed air motor, are provided that these various elements are arranged such that on the one hand the start of the pulling period is triggered by opening the valve (V1) by the operator and that according to the calibration of the nozzle (A) on one of the Areas (S2) of the piston of the distributor (20) acting pressure (P) causes the displacement of the three-way valve slide with simultaneous supply of hydraulic fluid to the chamber (C1) and with simultaneous - 18 - 609882/0293 Connection of the chamber (C2) with the storage container (19) » the chamber (C3) of the valve (V5) is also emptied and the pressure acting on the piston (42) of the valve (v4) drops so that the spring (Rd) through the valve needle (43) the connection · of the chamber (S5) of the valve (V3) with the surrounding interrupts free air, one valve (V2) then acts on the chamber (S5) of the other valve (V3) and due to the fact that the cross-section of one chamber (S5) The double piston is much greater than the difference between the cross sections of the two other chambers (S4, S3) (51) shifts so that the air motor with compressed air is acted upon and the hydraulic circuit is under pressure sets, and that on the other hand, the beginning of the return period by closing the connected to the surrounding free air Control valve (V1) is triggered by pressing the push button (31) by the operator with the result that the pressure in the chambers (S1, S2) is equalized so that the spring (Rb) pushes the three-way valve slide of the distributor (20) pushes back, which simultaneously causes the supply of one chamber (C2) and the connection of the other chamber (C1) with the storage container (I9), the other Chamber (C3) no longer connected to the storage container (19) is, as well as the valve (V2) no longer the associated chamber (S5) supplied that the hydraulic pressure in the a chamber (C2) grows to a value determined by the chamber (S6) connected to it and the spring (Rc) at the end in which the valve needle (7I) is also raised and this pressure drops below a reduced pressure through connection with the storage container (19) via the opening (θ) Pressure, which is determined by a further chamber (S7) and a spring (Rc), that this reduced pressure holds in the chamber (C2) and the ejection of the end piece (Ib) of the rivet (1) and the introduction of the following rivet 609882/0293 - 19 - leaves that this pressure is also applied to the piston (^ 2) of the Valve (V4), which then compresses the spring (Rd), acts and that the piston (51) due to the fact that the cross section of the chamber (S ^) is much larger than the Cross section of the other chamber (S3), while the valve (v4) connects the chamber (S5) with the surrounding free air, shifts and the compressed air supply to the arrangement (80) is interrupted. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the chambers (C1, C2) have a connecting channel (f), which limits the pressure at the end of the traction section. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the hydraulic circuit comprises a safety valve (6o), 4. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the control for the connection with the surrounding free Air is formed on the setting gun itself. 609882/0293