DE259665C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE259665C DE259665C DENDAT259665D DE259665DA DE259665C DE 259665 C DE259665 C DE 259665C DE NDAT259665 D DENDAT259665 D DE NDAT259665D DE 259665D A DE259665D A DE 259665DA DE 259665 C DE259665 C DE 259665C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- phenols
- oils
- tar
- tar oils
- oil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Natural products OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002641 tar oil Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002421 anti-septic Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000855 fungicidal Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000749 insecticidal Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011276 wood tar Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 150000001896 cresols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000249 desinfective Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010000210 Abortion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940108066 Coal Tar Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 Feces Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 231100000176 abortion Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000001454 anthracenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002790 naphthalenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930003811 natural phenol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000009032 substance abuse Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003739 xylenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
- B27K3/38—Aromatic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
- B27K3/50—Mixtures of different organic impregnating agents
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING
- M 259665 KLASSE 38 //. GRUPPE- M 259665 CLASS 38 //. GROUP
in FLÖRSHEIM A.M.in FLÖRSHEIM A.M.
Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom 28. September 1911, ab.Patented in the German Empire on September 28, 1911.
Die Verwendung von Teerölen als antiseptische, fungizide und insektizide Mittel ist bekannt. Es werden hierzu sowohl die aus dem Steinkohlenteer als auch aus Holzteer gewonneuen öle in ausgedehntem Maße verwendet. Insbesondere dienen große Mengen von Teerölen als sogenanntes Karbolineum zum Konservieren von Holz. Hierbei werden so ziemlich alle Fraktionen der unter dem Namen Schweröle bekannten Rohfraktion der Teerdestillation benutzt.The use of tar oils as antiseptic, fungicidal and insecticidal agents is known. For this purpose, both coal tar and wood tar are obtained oils used extensively. In particular, large amounts of tar oils are used as a so-called carbolineum for preserving wood. This will be pretty much all fractions of the crude fraction of tar distillation known as heavy oils used.
Im allgemeinen ist nun die Ansicht verbreitet, daß nur solche Teeröle für die Holzkonservierung wertvoll sind, die eine bestimmteIn general, the view is now widespread that only such tar oils for wood preservation are valuable to a certain
*5 Menge der in ihnen natürlich vorhandenen Phenole enthalten. Es sind dies im wesentlichen die Phenole der Benzolreihe, die Karbolsäure, die Kresole und die Xylenole; die höheren Phenole sind jedoch nur in ganz unwesentlichen Mengen vorhanden.* 5 amount of naturally present in them Contain phenols. These are essentially the phenols of the benzene series, carbolic acid, the cresols and the xylenols; however, the higher phenols are only marginally important Quantities available.
Es hat sich nun in der Praxis herausgestellt, daß den in den Teerölen hauptsächlich vorhandenen Phenolen der Benzolreihe in bezug auf konservierende und desinfizierende Wir-It has now been found in practice that mainly in the tar oils existing phenols of the benzene series with regard to preserving and disinfecting agents
2S kung nur geringe Bedeutung zukommt. Vorallem ist die Dauer dieser Wirkung nur gering, da solche Phenole in kurzer Zeit nach dem Anstrich an der Luft sich verflüchtigen sowie auch durch Wasser leicht ausgewaschen werden. Infolgedessen übt die Anwesenheit der Phenole der Benzolreihe in den Teerölen, so insbesondere in dem Holzkönservierungsöl, nur eine momentane Wirkung aus, die durch Verdunstung der Phenole und durch deren Auslaugung sehr bald verschwindet, worauf dann nur das indifferente Teeröl, das an sich ■ nur wenig antiseptisch wirkt, zurückbleibt. 2 reduction is of little importance. Above all, the duration of this effect is only short, since such phenols evaporate in the air in a short time after painting and are also easily washed out by water. As a result, the presence of the phenols of the benzene series in the tar oils, especially in the wood preservation oil, has only a momentary effect, which very soon disappears through evaporation of the phenols and their leaching, whereupon only the indifferent tar oil, which in itself only slightly has an antiseptic effect, remains.
Die genannten Übelstände haben sogar schon dazu geführt, daß man die Teeröle in der verschiedenartigsten Weise behandelte, um ihre desinfizierenden Eigenschaften zu erhöhen. So erklärt sich die Behandlung der Teeröle mit Chlor sowie die Verstärkung der Teeröle mit Chlorzink und anderen organischen und anorganischen Metallsalzen, wie Kupfer-, Blei-, Arsen-, Silber-, Quecksilber- und anderen Metallverbindungen ; endlich hat man auch bereits ein Nitrieren der Teeröle vorgenommen.The abuses mentioned have even led to the tar oils in the treated in various ways in order to increase their disinfecting properties. So explains the treatment of the tar oils with chlorine as well as the strengthening of the tar oils Zinc chloride and other organic and inorganic metal salts, such as copper, lead, Arsenic, silver, mercury and other metal compounds; finally one already has the tar oils are nitrated.
Gegenstand vorliegender Erfindung bildet nun ein Verfahren, die antiseptischen, insektiziden und fungiziden Wirkungen der Teeröle, und zwar sowohl der phenolreichen als auch der phenolarmen in hervorragender Weise zu erhöhen und vor allem diese Wirkung zu einer lange andauernden zu gestalten. Das Verfahren besteht im wesentlichen darin, daß man die Teeröle mit höheren Phenolen, d. h. mit denjenigen der Naphtalinreihe und der Anthracenreihe versetzt.The present invention now forms a method, the antiseptic, insecticidal and fungicidal effects of the tar oils, both the phenol-rich and the phenol-poor, in an excellent manner to increase and above all to make this effect a long-lasting one. That Process consists essentially in that the tar oils with higher phenols, i. H. mixed with those of the naphthalene series and the anthracene series.
Es ist zwar bekannt, daß diese Phenole an sich antiseptische Eigenschaften besitzen, es war aber zweifelhaft, ob diese in den Teerölen gelösten höheren Phenole nicht gleichzeitig mit den niedern Phenolen der Benzolreihe, wobei deren Dämpfe als Vehikel ähnlich wie bei der Wasserdampfdestillation dienen konnten, ver-Although it is known that these phenols have antiseptic properties per se, it but it was doubtful whether these higher phenols dissolved in the tar oils were not at the same time the lower phenols of the benzene series, with their vapors as a vehicle similar to that of the Steam distillation could serve,
dunsten würden. Es wurde aber festgestellt, daß die genannten höheren Phenole, sobald sie in geeigneten Teerölen gelöst sind, lange Zeit der Luft ausgesetzt werden können, ohne sich zu verflüchtigen. Eine erhöhte Wirkung wird erzielt, wenn man statt der genannten Phenole selbst deren Halogenverbindungen anwendet. would steam. It was found, however, that the higher phenols mentioned as soon as they are dissolved in suitable tar oils, can be exposed to the air for a long time without to evaporate. An increased effect is achieved if you take the above Phenols even uses their halogen compounds.
Es wird z. B. 5 kg Naphtol in Teeröl unter leichtem Erwärmen gelöst und die Lösung hiernach erkalten gelassen.It is z. B. 5 kg of naphthol dissolved in tar oil with gentle heating and the solution then let it cool down.
Damit die vorhandenen Phenole der Bcnzolrcihe nicht unbenutzt verlorengehen, wird dem Teeröl zweckmäßig zunächst der natürliehe Phenolgehalt durch Auslaugen mit Alkalien entzogen, worauf dann erst die höheren Phenole in dem zurückbleibenden phenolfreien öle aufgelöst werden. Auf diese Weise können dann die gewonnenen niederen Phenole (in Hauptsache Karbolsäure und Kresole) in anderer Weise nutzbringend verwertet werden. Es hat sich weiter herausgestellt, daß man die Reihenfolge dieser Operationen auch umkehren kann, indem man in dem Teeröl, welches die Phenole der Benzolreihe noch enthält, zunächst die höheren Phenole oder deren Derivate auflöst und sodann die so erhaltene Lösung mit geeigneter Alkalilauge auszieht. Dabei sättigt sich die Lauge zunächst mit der Karbolsäure und den Kresolen, während die höheren Phenole im öl bleiben. Es bietet dieses Verfahren gegenüber dem vorhergenannten den Vorteil, daß sich die höheren Phenole in dem karbolsäure- bzw. kresolhaltigen öle leichter lösen als in dem vollkommen von niederen Phenolen befreiten öl. Schließlich hat sich ergeben, daß man auch die beiden Prozesse, also den Auslauge- und den Auflöseprozeß, zu einem einzigen Prozeß vereinigen kann, indem man zum Auslaugen der phcnolhaltigen Teeröle statt Alkalilauge Lösungen der höheren Phenole oder deren Derivate in Alkalien verwendet. Dabei findet ein Austausch der Phenole in der Weise statt, daß die niederen Phenole aus dem öl in die Lauge und die höheren Phenole aus der Lauge in das öl gehen.In order that the existing phenols of the benzene line are not lost unused In addition to the tar oil, it is advisable to first add the natural phenol content by leaching with alkalis withdrawn, whereupon the higher phenols in the remaining phenol-free oils are dissolved. In this way, the obtained lower phenols can then (mainly carbolic acid and cresols) can be usefully used in other ways. It has also been found that the order of these operations can also be changed can be reversed by adding to the tar oil, which still contains the phenols of the benzene series contains, first dissolves the higher phenols or their derivatives and then the resulting Solution with suitable alkali lye. The lye is initially saturated with the carbolic acid and cresols, while the higher phenols remain in the oil. It This method has the advantage over the above that the higher Phenols dissolve more easily in oils containing carbolic acid or cresol than in them completely oil freed from lower phenols. Finally it turned out that one too the two processes, i.e. the leaching and the dissolving process, into a single process can unite by leaching the phenol-containing tar oils instead of alkali lye Solutions of the higher phenols or their derivatives in alkalis are used. Thereby finds an exchange of the phenols in such a way that the lower phenols from the oil into the Lye and the higher phenols from the lye go into the oil.
Die nach dem Verfahren erhaltenen öle sollen~auch für die Zwecke der Großdesinfektion, so beispielsweise zur Desinfektion von Aborten, Dunggruben usw. Anwendung finden.The oils obtained by the process should also be used for the purposes of large-scale disinfection, for example, for disinfecting abortions, manure pits, etc. are used.
Claims (3)
Publications (1)
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DE259665C true DE259665C (en) |
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ID=517373
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