DE2545625A1 - STARTER MOTOR - Google Patents

Description

ff- $ 1 COHAUSZ & FLORACK

PATE NTANWALTS B UR O D-4 DÜSSELDOHF. SCIH'MANNSTH. O7

PATENT LAWYERS:
Dipl.-Ing. W. COHAUSZ ■ Dipl.-Ing. W. FLORACK - Dipl. Ing. R. KNAUF - Dr. Ing., Dipl.-Wirtsch -Inq. A. GERBER ■ Dipl.-Ing. HB COHAUSZ

The .Lucas Electrica ,! Oom.p3.n7 Limited

UeIl Street

GB-Birmingham October 10th 1975

utartermotor

The invention relates to a starter motor for an internal combustion engine in one version with an electric motor, a vora sl ektronotor set in rotation shaft, a pinion drive with the hurry is rotatable and on the v / elle for axial movement you as opposed to a working position and a low ω division is movable, a "Lektromagneten which is arranged so that its axis is parallel to the axis of the 'shaft, and which has an axially movable armature, and a flexible one, resilient lever that pivots between its ends about an axis at right angles to and between the axes of the shaft and the electromagnet is mounted and the armature with the pinion drive in such a way that the pinion drive connects by actuating the sheet teromagnet can be moved between said positions, the armature of the electromagnet being resiliently pressed into a rest position which corresponds to the boom position of the pinion drive, and when excited of the electromagnet is moved into a working position which corresponds to the working position of the pinion drive.

In accordance with the invention, in the case of a starter motor, that mentioned above Kind of one end of the lever with the armature coupled for movement therewith by a coupling which has adjustable means such that the position of one end of the lever relative to the armature is adjustable during movement into the working position is.

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Preferably, the coupling has a member on which the lever engages and which is in threaded engagement with the armature, such that that relative rotation of the member and the armature results in the change in the axial position of the member with respect to the armature.

The lever is expediently in positive engagement with the limb in such a way that it forcibly migrates with it in both axial sightings.

Alternatively, the lever rests against the limb during movement des -Ankrers to his working position.

Partially the lever has a first resilient element, that is weaker than the resilient means that the anchor in his Press rest position so that when holding the pinion drive in its working position when the armature is de-energized, the armature can be returned to its saw position by bending this element is, and a second resilient element, which the first resilient element during the movement of the lever for pushing the pinion drive supported in its working position, the strength of the first and the second element in cooperation is such that when holding the pinion drive against movement in its working position both elements can be bent into its working position by moving the armature, while for sufficient force to move the heat drive into its working position after removal of the obstacle against movement of the pinion drive is ensured, with only the first element of the lever on the adjustable Clutch attacks.

The connection between the lever and the pinion drive is advantageous such that during the return movement of the armature to its rest position only the first element of the lever for transmission is set up by force on the pinion drive in the direction in which the pinion drive is pressed into its rest position, wherein the second element is opposite to the pinion drive and the first element can move freely during such a return movement.

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254562b

The invention is described below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings are:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of part of a starter motor,

Fig. 2 is a section on line 2-2 of Pig. 1, with for simplicity the shaft and part of the pinion drive are omitted,

J and 4 plan views each of the elements of the in FIG shown connecting lever and

Fig. 5 τ ** ¹ *! 6 cuts each through a modified coupling between the lever and the armature of the electromagnet.

Referring first to FIGS. 1 through 4, it can be seen that the starter motor has a cylindrical housing 11 closed at its end by end brackets which carry bearings which support a rotor shaft 12 store. The rotor shaft 12 carries the rotor of an electric motor, the strands of which sit on the inside of the housing 11. The housing 11 itself forms at least part of the magnetic Yoke of the stand.

Jüin seat drive -1J sits on the shaft 12 between the rotor and an adjoining camp ». As with conventional starter motors the 1J pinion drive can have both a limited rotational movement as well as axial movement of the shaft; Run 12 opposite, and it is connected to the shaft by screw serrations on shaft 12 coupled, which mesh with corresponding serrations on the inside of a sleeve 14 äes drive I3. The drive I3 is thus axially Shaft opposite between a rest position (which is shown in Fig. 1), in which the sleeve I4 against a collar 15 on the shaft places, and movable to a working position in which the free end of the pinion 16 of the drive rests against a stop (not shown) that the shaft carries and in which the pinion with the number of digits an associated internal combustion engine meshes. Due to the screw

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Serrated connection between the shaft and the drive 1 3 · goes the axial Movement of the drive I3 between its rest position and its working position accompanied by a rotational movement of the drive of the shaft. At the ends of the axial movement of the pinion drive of the shaft opposite, however, the pinion drive rotates with the shaft. So when the pinion drive is in its working position, and when the electric motor of the starter motor is running to drive the shaft, the pinion 16 rotates with the shaft.

To the pinion drive 1JJ from its rest position to its working position To move, an electromagnet is provided which has an electromagnet winding (not shown) and an armature I7. Of the Electromagnet is attached to housing 11 and arranged so that its axis is parallel to the axis of shaft 12. The armature 17 is thus parallel along an axis, but at a distance from the Axis of the shaft 12 is movable. A return spring (not shown) pushes the armature I7 into a position of rest, from which it counteracts the action the return spring can be moved by energizing the solenoid winding.

A movement of the armature I7 to the housing 11 is on the Pinion drive I3 is transmitted through a lever 18. This lever 18 is between its ends for pivoting movement of the housing 11 opposite articulated. The lever 18 is for pivoting movement about an axis mounted at right angles to and between the axes of the electromagnet and the shaft, and thus corresponds to the extreme rest position of the anchor 17 of a retracted rest position of the drive 13

The lever 18 is formed by a first and a second leather steel element 19 and 21 respectively, the element 19 having a slot at one end 19d, in which the central region of a coil-like member 22 is added, which carries the anchor I7. The coil-like member 22 is made of hexagonal steel and is machined so that that it has a V-shaped circumferential groove in profile. The link 22 has so the general appearance of the pulley with two frustoconical

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shaped parts that sit vertex to vertex and are connected to one another by a neck of uniform diameter. The joint neck of the link 22 is seated in the slot 19d of the element 19 "and that Link 22 is provided with an axial through hole with a thread, into which a threaded shaft 2J extends axially from the armature 187 protrudes. It will be understood that the threaded connection between the member 22 and the shaft 23 provides an adjustment in the axial distance between the member 22 and the body of the armature 17, wherein the position of the link 22 is adjusted in that the link 22 is rotated relative to the armature 17. A lock nut 24 is provided to anchor the member 22 in any selected position along the threaded shaft 23. The element 19 is still closed descriptive manner coupled at its opposite end to the Eitzeltrieb 1J.

The element 21 of the lever 18 has a shorter length than the element 19, and it is in surface contact with the surface of the element 19, which shows the electric motor and the electromagnet. On one At the end the element 21 is coupled to the pinion drive I3, the element However, 21 is not long enough to reach link 22. The He-. at 18 leads between two swivel joints 25 on the housing, and the lever 13 can thus be pivoted around one or the other joint, depending on in which sighting the lever is moving.

The coupling of the lever 18 with the seat drive I3 is as follows.

On the sleeve I4 there is a pair made of plastic in a sliding fit shaped hinge 26, 27. The inlet 27, which is closest to the pinion 16, has two diametrically opposed, integrally formed Extensions 28 of triangular cross-section, and these extensions show with their apex edge to the entrance 26. The entrance 26 is with two diametrically opposite, integrally formed U-profile pieces 29 provided, the 26, 27 on the arrangement of the entrances of the sleeve I4 in alignment with the relevant extensions 28 of the ring 27, each piece 29 and the associated extension 28 so form a radially extending recess, where-

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align with the radially extending two recesses and lie on diametrically opposite sides of the pinion drive 13. In each channel piece 29, the hanging 26 is integral with one another provided radially extending lug 31, the lugs J1 triangular Have cross-sectional shape and are arranged so that their apices point towards the apices of the extensions 28. Bainite is on the ends of the U-profile pieces 29 lying radially furthest inward Gap is formed between the radially extending apex edges of the adjoining lugs 31 and the extensions 28, and radially outside of this, but still within the boundary of the pieces 29, is a larger, radially extending gap between the inner wall of the piece 29 and the apex of the extension 20 formed.

At its end remote from the armature 17, each of the elements 19 »21 is forked to form two part-circular legs, shown in FIG. 3. 3 ¹ UHcI 4 are designated with the letters a and b. The distance between the legs 2 "5a, 25b and 26a, 26b is such that the legs can pass both sides of the slings 26, 27, and each of the four legs has an inwardly directed rabbit at its free end Legs 21a, 21b each have an inwardly directed rabbit, the two noses extending towards each other. Legs 19a, 19 ^ have corresponding noses, but the noses of legs 19a, 19 "b have a greater length than Lugs of the shoulder 21a, 21b. When the lever and the pinion drive are properly brought together, the legs 19a, 21a are on one side of the sleeve 14 » ¹ ^ d the legs 19b, 21b are on the opposite side of the sleeve 14. The lugs of the legs extend inward to the sleeve into the recesses that are formed between the TT profile pieces 29 and the associated extensions 28. The length of the tabs of the element 19 is such that the tabs extend radially into the gap formed between the apices of the lugs 3I and the extensions 28. The shorter noses of the element 21 do not extend radially inward enough to reach the gap between the apices of the ^{lugs 51 1} UHd äer extensions 28, and they end there-

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half in the gap which is formed between the apex of the extensions 28 and the opposite part of the TJ profile piece 29. The noses of the element 19 naturally lie between the noses of the element 21 and the apices of the extensions 28. The apices of the lugs 31 and of the extensions 28 prevent the noses of the element 19 from moving in relation to the pinion drive in the direction of the axis of the pinion drive. However, the engagement of the lugs of the element 19 between the vertices naturally enables a pivoting movement of the element 19 with respect to the pinion drive. A movement of the element 19 at right angles to the axis of the pinion drive is opposed by the lugs of the element 19a engaging the inner walls of the relevant TJ profile piece 29. A movement of the element 21 transversely to the axis of the pinion drive 1J) is accordingly prevented by the fact that the lugs of the element 21 lie against the inside of the corresponding TJ profile member 19. Movement of the element 21 axially in one direction is prevented by placing the element 21 on the element 29, but the element 21 is free to move in the opposite axial direction with respect to the drive I3 because the lugs of the element 21 do not extend sufficiently radially inward extend to be captured by lugs 3I. At its lower end, the element 21 can therefore move axially away from the pinion drive I3 in a direction away from the extensions 28. However, a movement of the element 21 in this direction is ultimately limited by the inside of the respective U-profile piece 29. The rings 26, 27 are prevented from moving axially in one direction by a washer and a snap ring which engages the sleeve I4, and in the other direction by placing the ring 2 ^ against the body of the roller clutch of the drive I3

The operation of the starter motor is as follows.

If the starter motor is not in operation, its Individual parts in the positions shown in Fig. 1. likewise the pinion drive I3. When the starter motor is put into operation is to be, the electromagnet winding of the sheet metal magnet

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Neten excited, so that the armature 17 against the "action of the armature return spring is withdrawn. The lever 18 pivots around the swivel joint 25 on the left, and then it pushes a pinion drive 1 'along the shaft 12 su its working position. on Because of the screw groove connection, the pinion drive rotates opposite the shaft, while it moves axially out of its rest position moved into its working position. If it is assumed that there is a pinion 16 neatly grasp into the ring gear of the internal combustion engine, into one full meshing engagement, the lever 18 acts as an inflexible one Lever, and with the Ankorcmen of Ilitzelantriebs 13 in its working position closes the armature 17 an associated electrical switch, the switching on of the electric motor and a resultant Rotation of the shaft 12 causes, as mentioned above, leads a rotation of the 1st part 12 su a rotation of the pinion drive 15, and so that the pinion 16 drives the ring gear of the internal combustion engine.

v / enn a running of the starter motor is to be stopped, that of Hand operated switch that determines the excitation of the electron magnet, opened, and when the electromagnet is energized, the armature return spring leads the armature 17 back to its rest position. However, until the armature 17 moves a certain distance to its rest position has moved towards, the switch, which determines the running of the electric motor, is not opened, and so the shaft 12 continues to rotate. While shaft 12 is running there is, of course, a tendency that that Pinion is held in its working position. So that the starter motor can easily be returned to its rest position, the element 19 of the lever 18 is designed so that its strength is less than the strength of the return spring of the armature 17, so that when there is a tendency that the pinion drive is held in its working position, the lever element 19 is bent out, to give the anchor 17 the opportunity to do a stretch to his To wander rest position, which is sufficient that the switch, which determines the engine running, is opened, and then the Hotor switched off and the inhibition against a return movement of the pinion drive removed. The ones stored in element 19 by bending it out So energy is used to turn the pinion drive into its

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Huheststellung attributed, and then ain reach the Jiinselteile again the positions shown in FIG. 1.

y'enn during the operation of the starter motor the pinion 1ό hits the ring gear of the Brennkrax'tiaotors tooth on Zhhn, e.a movement of the Ili bzeltriebs in its division of labor is ended before the armature 17 can arrive in the position- "in which the Switch, which determines the running of the sleVtroiTiotor, is switched on. "During the movement of the lever 18 in this direction, the sleraent 21 supports the element 1>, and then the strength of the lever is greater than during the movement of the lever in opposite lease. The liilektroiiägriet is strong enough, however, to cause the two ends 1J-, 21zn to bend out , and then the switch that controls the running of the electromagnet can be switched by the fact that the. & Nker reaches its working position venn the liitzeltrieb byc-i the attack cream on tooth is prevented from its working position; to reach. Immediately with the beginning of the turning of the / hurry 12 after 3in switch th of the ilotors I. the system ZaIm to Sahn is eliminated, and the liitzel drive is free sun hand into its working position, in which the pinion 16 comes with the ring gear of the internal combustion engine t. The drive mechanism is quickly moved into its working position by the lever, when the lever returns to its straight position. '.- / eil both elements of the lever are bent outwards, the zraaic which is exerted on the pinion instinct is strongly .gexra ^ t Ti "the l'ix baoltrieb e: .ctrer.i yclmell in its irbsit & ε division bevegen, and 63 understood da.3 oie & e situation iüt telir ervn'.nscht because EiicJi the "ial aer, i Zaimkraris of • ßrennkraftact-ors opposite spins, and extra-v / hen the iiitsei quickly üiit into a full Iliigriff ö .ea ring gear is pushed, milling of the 3itseltj 10 a; a Zalink ring can be done entlexig. 7 When the armature V {is in its ΑΓΛ-sided position, the idler drive can still be able to move further in the working direction (in contact with the stop on the shaft), through the effect of the icaru. Much such additional movement is achieved by flexing the element X) of the lever 10.

In the Axbei tsel run during the rain of the Blektroiii.gneten and des

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21el: troaotoi? 3 the anchor 17 u? V! The measure of a freedom of movement of the lower ¹ JIiI ^ s of the "Clement 21" opposite the pinion drive largely eliminates the risk of damage to the lever as a result of a l'erwandem or an Inker beyond the rest position ©. -wandering takes place, because the lower volume dos Eebelelesents 21 is free to move in the direction away from the pinion, the lever element Λ) TbGr can bend its entire length to accommodate the hike. "^ of course, there ,. .I then, if the lower end of the Tlebelelenenbü 21 in the same "way as the lower 'end of the Hebeleleüients Λ) stationary w", re, because the Hebe IeI an ent 19 would be forced to hike up by bending the piece of the element 19 between the link 22 and the swivel joint 25, because the part of the element V) between oe ,,. Swivel joint 25 and the link drive 1J. Would be supported by the TU em ent 21 over the gssauite L:!, Nge, because the t'berwa, nö.erung iuroli would have to be accommodated a relatively short piece of the EIel-.ento , there would be a greater danger of the element breaking than the jüao tone described in oev, in which the change can be detected by removing the ο _u eso, ;; iten IlleuentB 1>, like that the freedom of movement of the lower end of the element 21 enables vi: - cl.

The lartie of the casing.! 11 c>: ial S ₁ is aligned it the anchor 17, is a hole ^ait: provided} A, c, s iri Letrieb (not shown) by a abnehuba.ren Yerschluß is verschlonsen?. i) ac hole 5I provides access to Sara limb 22 and to the lock nut 2/1 au setting claws. The Zonteri-mtter 24 and member 22 can be rotated relative to the anchor I7 by respective box clamps which are inserted through the hole J1.

In the in rig. 5 and 6 shown variant is the spuelon-like member 22 by a cadre. ;; chra.ube l] 2 in Gev / indeeingrif f with a bracket piece ■ ^r \ 'i · replaced, the v: -. Anchor I7 is attached. The end of the screw j \? is arched, and to ih: i is an arched gate jump 4Ί ^Qu Anke.? I7 directed towards. The free end of the lever 1> · is provided with a tongue at 19c instead of the slot 1Ja, and this tongue 1> c goes through the

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U-bracket /] J between the screw -] 2 unu%? Head Start /"·. The screw / 2 holds the element Λ) of the lever in the correct position opposite the armature 17 with respect to the movement in one direction and driving the Patzel drive into its working position.

In principle, both the adjustable arrangement with the coil-like member 22 and the arrangement with the hook screw / | 2 are the same, because they offer the possibility of a position in the x-position that the ilebel end of the tube magnet armature assumes during the insertion movement of the tube magnet armature , that is, the movement of the ivlirend Hubiuagnetenankers, the BEV ^r egt the Ritaeltrieb in its working position. Me! ■ solubility of the setting in this Tjinne is of importance for the following purposes, / uring the design and manufacture of the starter motor, the play between de: -a Xitzel and the Zalinkring of the internal combustion engine in the rest position of the pinion in relation to the distance of the ring gear dec Brennkraftiao to rs from the bearing surface of the engine block.! to which the starter is attached. As a result of tolerances that are inevitable, it is, however, entirely possible that the distance that the hit drive must travel along the shaft to its working position differs from one unit to another. The first and larger part of the total distance that the pinion drive must travel is a movement under the action of the armature I7. The remaining small amount of movement is caused by the ocher effect between the screw serrations cn of the shaft and on the sleeve 14 of the pinion drive. If the movements are due to tolerances _; -jung the pinion drive, which comes from the armature movement, is small, while the distance between the pinion drive and the ring gear in the rest position is also large as a pole of tolerances, the distance between the pinion and the ring gear is never as large as the range of motion of the pinion drive under the effect of the Ankex, but nevertheless a situation can arise in which at the point where the pinion drive hits the path of excitation, for example tooth to tooth on the ring gear, armature I7 has very little possibility of movement and thus stim comes to a standstill without de ± lever 18 being significantly bent. In this situation it will

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So the pinion is only lightly pressed against the ring gear, and it takes place milling the Pätzel on the ring gear while turning the heat drive "b begins, rather than having sufficient strength to do the To throw Iitzel into meshing engagement with the gear rim with Eraft. It goes without saying that by adjusting the drawer screw or of the spulenf ο null member 22 for moving the free] 3ndes of the lever element 19 towards the .taker the drive can be adjusted so that it is ensured because / 3 sufficient deflection of the lever occurs when a situation occurs in which an attack occurs tooth to tooth.

It may of course be the combination of tolerances in the unit au the situation, since the armature moves the bit all the way into its working position " can move in such a way that when the seat drive is in its working position and engages the stop on the shaft, the lever is still bent in a direction in which the pinion drive an 'axial load is imparted in such a way that the Ilitzeltrieb in reality is supported against the stop on the V / elle. One of those too Situation is undesirable, and again the coil-like member 22 or the grub screw 42 offer the possibility of ensuring that there is no such burden in the working position. In this Pail the link or the grub screw would of course be adjusted so that the distance between the free end of the lever 19 and the Armature 17 is enlarged.

It should be noted zu_ that in certain I ¹ Silen a certain axial load on the fiitzeltriebs is desired while the unit is in its working position, pinion drive, and this is especially true for applications in which the ring gear has a narrow cross-section. The screw / | 2 or the member 22 can also be adjusted here so that it is ensured that the desired amount of axial load is present in the working position.

Adjustment of the position of the link 22 or the grub screw can take place towards the end of manufacture of the starter motor. At this time if there is of course the effect of the tolerances in the starter motor, even if the tolerances in the arrangement of the gear rim of the load

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flats of the starter motor on the engine block have not yet been added. A convenient 'Jeg to Bestinnung the erforderlichaiJustierung _f is the mounted tax 3 · te motor installed in an apparatus, the stopper pieces at certain points of Beuejun ^ swegs contains the Sitseltriebs. A pressure gauge is attached to each of the stroke force, and the lifting magnet is excited and the force exerted by the heat drive aux the particular stop a, is held, and the link 22 or the load screw A2 is adjusted to a certain value To let strength arise.

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Claims (7)

Expectations 1. Jtartermotor for an internal combustion engine in a version with an electric motor, a shaft set in rotation by the electric motor, a Pdtzelantrieb which can be rotated with the shaft and on the Shaft for axial movement relative to it is movable between a working position / a rest position, an electronic / and neten, which is arranged so that its axis is at a paralleal distance to the axis of each shaft, and which has an axially movable armature, and a flexible, resilient lever between his Ends to pivot about an axis in the right '/ inlcel to and is mounted between the axes of the l / elle and the electromagnet and connects the armature to the pinion drive in such a way that the pinion drive is between said positions by actuation of the electromagnet is movable, the armature of the electromagnet being resiliently pressed into a rest position which corresponds to the rest position of the heat drive, tind at .TDrregeung the electromagnet into a working position is moved, which corresponds to the working position of the ßitaeltriebs, d a d u r c h_ that one end of the lever (13) coupled to the armature (17) for movement therewith by a coupling which has adjustable gowns such that the position of the one tindee of the lever (1O) de:;. Anchor (17) opposite during the Movement into the working position is adjustable. 2. Startemutor according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling avifeits a member on which the lever (10) engages and that is in thread engagement with the armature (17) in such a way that that a relative rotation of the link and the anchor to undung the axial position of the member dec anchor opposite leads. ; ·. Starter motor according to claim 2, dad u rchgek ennseichn et, da.:; the lever (1G) aich ii.i positive engagement r ^ it the link is in such a way that it compulsorily with this in both axielen? j.chtun, ~ "~ n: ait" .. ^r s.ndext. 4. Star te luo gate according to claim 2, characterized in that the link and the lever touch one another in the working position * during the movement of the operator. 609817/040 2 5. Starterector according to one of the ijisprächc 1 to ^, ·: ■ a characterized in that the lever sin first resilient element (1 ^)> c.as is weaker than the firing J'ittel, which the anchor (17) in its liuheststellung Press, in such a way that when the JÜtael drive OiO is held in its .Work ε position with de-energized / inker (I7) the armature (17) can be returned to its rest position by bending this fleraent (15), and an additional resilient element (21 ), which supports the first resilient element (15) during the movement of the zebol (18) for pushing the pinion drive (1J-) into its working position, the strength of the first (19) and the second element (21) interacting in such a way is that when the liitzeltriebs (I5) is held against a movement in its working position, both 131 em ent e (19,21) can be bent into its working position by moving the armature (17), while for sufficient force to move the pinion drive in his working position according to Be since the obstacle is prevented from moving the pinion drive 0-0, only the first! 31 en (19) of the lever (13) engages the adjustable coupling. 6. Starter motor according to claim 5 »marked thereby net, since / 3 the connection of the lever (18) with the pinion drive (1 J) it is provided that during the return movement of the armature (17) in its rest position only the first element (15) of the lever (18) set up to transmit power to the tickle drive (1J) in the direction is in which the pinion drive (1J) is pressed into its rest position the second element (21) facing the pinion drive (1J) and the first element (315) during such a return movement can move freely. 7. Starter motor according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that the lever (18) with the pinion drive (I3) is coupled by two rings on the pinion drive (I?), each ring has two diametrically opposed abutments and the lever (18) rests against the abutments of a ring during axial movement of the pinion drive (1j) in the working direction and. against the abutments of the other ring in the return direction. 609817/0402