DE2539886A1 - LUBRICATING FLUIDS AND OPERATING OILS AND THEIR USE - Google Patents

Description

DR. BERG DIPL.4NG. STAPF DIPL.-ING. SCHWABE DK. DR. SANDMAIR

PATENT LAWYERS

8 MÜNCHEN 86, POSTFACH 86 02 45 2 0 3 9 O 8 D

Dr. Berg Dipl.-Ing. Stapf and Partner, g Munich 86, P O. Box 860245

Your / eichen our sign 26 375 8 MÜNCHEN 80 Q CCD 107 * 5

Yourref Our ref. M; iuerkircherstmUc 45 * °

Lawyer file no. : 26 375

EXXON RESEARCH & ENGINEERING COMPANY L i η d e n, New Yersey / USA

"Lubricants and operating oils and their use"

The invention relates to general purpose lubricating fluids and operating oils.

In some industrial sectors, for example in machine tool shops, there is a trend to meet the most diverse requirements for the lubrication of your operating

609813/0942

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(089) 9882 72 Telegrams: BERGSTAPFPATENT Munich Banks: Bayerische Vereinsbank Munich 453100

987043 TELEX: 052456Ό BERG d Hypo-Bank Munich 3892623

98 3310 Postscheck Munich 653 43 -

_ ρ -

streamline corridors. The trend is towards one Simplification of the lubricant and the hydraulic Power transmission systems with the ultimate goal that a single Liquid, or a so-called operating oil, meets all requirements.

As a result, a single operating oil is ideally one be such, for example, once as a lubricant in light mechanical work processes, in machine tool sliding surfaces or slideways, in (in particular non-hypoid) gear drives and for general lubrication purposes, and secondly as hydraulic power transmission fluid works satisfactorily.

As just mentioned, one of the required properties is machine tool sliding surfaces or -Grease slideways effectively. It is already known that oils for sliding surfaces or slideways have special additives in order to prevent jerk-sliding during the adjustment of the tool. To date it has only been established that only fatty acids (saturated and unsaturated fatty acids with between 10 and 22 carbon atoms) in the the desired effect, although some improvement is sometimes achieved by increasing the viscosity of a sliding surface or slideway lubricant, for example by addition

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2 R 3 9 8 8 6

a polymeric:. "Materials such as polybutene ri \ a ^ oA ilolekular--iizht of approximately 10,000 (number average) is observed.

L - 3.3 Huok-G! Ei th of sliding surfaces or sliding tracks- ^ ehmierrn t ?, a has recently been characterized by the so-called "sliding index". The slip index is the quotient of the axial load without stick-slip and the observed coefficient of friction, ie the higher the slip index, the better the lubricant's ability to prevent stick-slip. A very convenient way of deriving the sliding indices is to use the "Tannert sliding indicator", which is exemplified in "Erdöl und Kohl, Erdgas, Petrochemie", November V) ^ l ₃ pages 926 ff , has been described.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a tendon fluid or an operating oil that has reduced sliding surface or sliding path jerk-slip (ie, an increased slip index).

According to the present invention, a lubricant contains

si ^ ity or an operating oil

(i) a major weight fraction of a mineral oil, one

Fatty oil, a synthetic oil or a mixture

of at least two of these components,

-H-

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-Zj-

2539888

(ii) from 0.1 to 2.0 wt. 5 pounds in total of at least one saturated or unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having 10 to 22 carbon atoms, and

(iii) a soluble amount of 0.01 to 0.5 wt .- ^ total on at least one organonitrogen compound of the general formulas

or

R-

where the index η is 0 or 1 and the radical R is a lower alkyl, for example one with 1 to

1 "is 5 carbon atoms, and in which the radicals R to R ^ all hydrogen (i.e. 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzotriazole)

mean or in which at least one of the radicals R bis

R is lower alkyl, for example having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and the radical R is hydrogen or lower Is alkyl, for example having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.

The lubricating fluids or operating oils are particularly preferably essentially or even completely non-aqueous.

6098 1 3/0942

Mixtures of mineral oils with fatty and / or synthetic oils Oils can be used. The preferred oil is a mineral oil, suitably one or more dewaxed, hydrofined oils. Suitable viscosities of such oils can be in the range from 5 to 100 cSt at 100.degree lie. Suitable VI values can range from 90 to 110 be.

The above-mentioned acid is desirably used in an amount of from Oji wt -% present -.% To 1.0 wt .- #, in particular from 0.25 to 0.75 wt -.%, And preferably 0.5 wt.. The acid is preferably a saturated acid such as capric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid or behenic acid (and can be a mixture or an industrial grade), however, lauric acid is preferred. Mono- and di-ethylenically unsaturated acids can be used, for example oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid.

The aforementioned organonitrogen compound is desirably present in an amount ranging from 0.02 to 0.20% by weight , particularly from 0.08 to 0.15, preferably 0.10% by weight. There is no decisive weight ratio between the acid mentioned and the organonitrogen compounds. It may occasionally be advantageous to use a small amount, for example up to 5% by weight, suitably

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-G-

2 to 3% by weight of an aolubilizing agent for the organonitrogen compound to be used. Kin fatty alcohol, or mixtures thereof, as beispi el se SWEi those under the name Lorol® commercially, can be used as solubilitrlerendes means advantageously.

As mentioned above, it is known. Fatty acids for attempt to reduce stick-slip. It has also been suggested in conjunction with These acids various compounds, such as alcohols, esters, amines and organochlorine, sulfur and Phosphorus compounds, to be used. However, in the best case scenario, the reduction in stick-slip is at the lowest limit and sometimes the stick-slip is actually worsened.

The additional use of the mentioned organonitrogen compounds according to the present invention now causes a surprising and unexpected reduction in stick-slip. The organonitrogen compound, which is a well-known copper deactivator, also reduces the copper and brass corrosiveness of the slide surface and slide track lubricant .

If desired, conventional additives can also be used

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be incorporated, for a given application to make the lubricant or operating oil according to the invention even more useful. .% Of a chlorinated wax may be incorporated, which is suitably stabilized against hydrolysis and suitably contains from about ⁴ to 60% chlorine JO - so to 3 or 5 weight can for example up. A pour point depressant can be used in an amount of up to 1 wt. to be present. An antioxidant can be added up to 1% by weight, for example one of the tert-butylphenol type. A viscosity-increasing agent, for example viie polybutene, can also be up to an amount of about 1 or 2 wt -% are added.. A total of 0 to 3% by weight of pour point depressants, antioxidants and viscosity-increasing agents can be used.

The following examples illustrate the features of the present invention.

example 1

In this example the base material was a mixture of dewaxed / hydrofined mineral oils with viscosities from 5 to 15 cSt at 100 ° C and VI values from 95 to 110.

The coefficient of friction and the sliding index (using

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G098 1 3/0942

the aforementioned Tannert technique) were measured on

(1) this base material;

(2) the base material containing various amounts of lauric acid, the material being which 0.5 wt. was designated as "Preparation A";

(3) the base material containing 0.1 % of two organonitrogen compounds;

(4) of preparation A, which also contains proportions of various Contained additive types, for example esters and organochlorine, sulfur and phosphorus compounds;

(5) the preparation A, further comprising 0.1 wt -% contained on two commercially available metal deactivators;.

(6) A preparation which further comprises 0.1 wt -% of compounds contained according to the invention;. and

(7) of the preparation (6) with conventional pour point depressants, antioxidants and viscosity-increasing agents Additives ("full formulation").

The coefficient of friction and the sliding index were also determined also on a commercially available power transmission fluid and on six commercially available sliding surface and slideway lubricants. The results are shown in Table I below.

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Tabel

Sliding index coefficient of friction

Base material 27 0.368

Base material + 0.5 wt. % Lau-

400 0.138 ric acid (preparation A)

Base material + 0.75% by weight

480 0.134 ric acid

Base material +1.0 wt. % Lau-

575 0.130 ric acid

Base material + 0.1 wt -.% Benzo-

4 3 0.342 triazole

Base material + 0.1% by weight 4,5,6,7-

76 0.264 tetrahydrobenzotriazole

A + 1.0 wt. % Tributyl phosphate A + I ₃ O wt. 5S zinc dialkyldithiophosphate

A + 1.0 part by weight polyisobutylene 56 A + 1.0 wt -.% Kokosnußfettsäurenmethylester

A + 3.0 wt -.% Chlorinated wax

450 0.137 265 0.178 540 0.138 540 0.139 414 0.145

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Table I.

(Continuation)

Sliding index coefficient of friction

A + 0.1 wt. Benzotriazole

(an accessory according to the invention 915 0.071

riding)

A + 0.1 wt .- $ di-tert.-octyl-

539 0.139 disulfide

A + 0.1% by weight disalicylidene-N-

555 0.135 in ethyl dipropylenetriamine

A + 0.1% by weight 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-

benzotriazole (an invention 1140 0.057

moderate preparation)

Full formulation 1210 0.062

Commercially available hydraulic

81 0.246 see liquid

Commercially available sliding surface

318 0.126 chen or slideway oil 1

Commercially available sliding surface

335 0.134 chen or slideway oil 2

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Tabel

(Continuation)

Sliding index coefficient of friction

Commercially available sliding surface

338 0,1.48 marriage or slideway oil 3

Commercially available sliding surface

357 0.140 chen or slideway oil 4

Commercially available sliding surface

586 0.128 chen or slideway oil 5

Commercially available sliding surface

630 0.119 chen or slideway oil 6

The results in Table I show that sliding indices between 900 and 1200 or in the vicinity can be achieved with the preparations according to the invention, the 2- to are better than the commercially available products.

Table I also clearly illustrates the notable unexpected benefit of having only a very small one Amount of organonitrogen compound of the types according to the invention compared to previously known types of additives.

60Ü813 / Ü942 - 12 -

Example 2

A preparation which contains the base material of Example plus 0.4 wt -.% Oleic acid and only 0.02 wt -.% Tolyltriazole contained, had a friction coefficient of 0.110. A preparation which contained this base material, 0.5% by weight of lauric acid and only 0.05% by weight of tolyltriazole had a coefficient of friction of 0.120.

These numbers, when compared with the numbers in rows 1, 2, 5 and 6 of Table I, show for the coefficients of friction suggest that beneficial results are obtained by the presence of even very small amounts of tolyltriazole will.

EXAMPLE 3

The normal method (ASTM D 130) is not effective enough to investigate the attack of a sliding surface or sliding track lubricant on yellow metals. The following “accelerated” test was therefore used: Accelerated yellow metal corrosion test, experimental apparatus

■ 400 ml beaker, wide shape; Oven (100 ° C);

Copper strip (electrolytic copper strip)

1 χ 25 x 50 DIN 1791-E-Cu F 30;

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Brass strips 1 χ 25 χ 50 DIN 1791-MS63 F 30; Holder for test specimens (glass); oil sample;

procedure

Production of the strips according to ASTM D 130; 175 g of the oil sample are ^{poured into the J} 100 ml beaker;

the two strips are placed vertically in this 400 ml beaker hung in such a way that 1/3 of each strip is not covered with oil and 2/3 of the strip immerse in the oil phase;

the glass holder for the specimens was placed in the beaker between the two strips prevent contact;

the beaker with the metal strips immersed was stored in the oven at 100 ° C. for 168 hours; after 24 hours the P4 metal strips were used for evaluation tarnishing or corrosion.

Table II below shows the results obtained using this accelerated test for the copper and Brass corrosiveness at 100 ° C for a period of hours.

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a b c 1 1 e II

Base material

from example 1 _{nn Λ}

+ I ₃ O % Laurin- ^{u Uji}

acid

% E * D + 0.1 JF ** D + 0.2 * F

D + di-tert-butyloctyl-

disulfide
0.2?, 0, 'l £

Final color of the oil black light brown

Light brown
Clear

Light brown
Clear

Clear
sediment

Light brown sediment

Final appearance

Copper - (vapor phase)

Greenish light weight light weight
Discoloration Discoloration Discoloration

Greenish Greenish

Final appearance

Copper (oil phase)

Discoloration light weight light weight
Discoloration Discoloration Discoloration

Reddish discoloration

Final _ Brass Green spots Slight Slight Slight appearance ~ (vapor phase) Discoloration Discoloration Discoloration

Greenish Greenish

Final brass appearance "(oil phaie) Light
Discoloration

Easy
Discoloration

Easy
Discoloration

Easy
Discoloration

Discoloration

■ x> cn

Benzotriazoi

* 1.5> 6, 7-tetrahydrobenzotriazole

The results in Table II show the superiority of the preparations according to the invention.

Although in the preparations according to the invention their sliding surface or slideway lubrication properties were particularly emphasized, they also have other, very useful ones Properties.

Go, the operating oils of the present invention achieve an acceptable standard overall behavior with regard to the load capacity (measured according to DIN 5135 ¹ O _{3 of} the cutting performance (smooth and separating behavior - ASLE, 27. Meeting Houston 1972 H.IIenschen, Lub.Eng. 2 £, ¹ J ₃ 151-156 (1973)) and the oxidation stability (TOST test, AST, '4 u

609813/0 942

Claims (5)

Claims 1.Lubricant or operating oil, g e k e η η _- is characterized by a salary (i) a major proportion by weight of a mineral oil, fatty oil, synthetic oil, or a mixture of at least two of these components, (ii) from 0.1 to 2.0 wt .- $, preferably 0.1 to 1.0 wt .- #, a total of at least one aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having 10 to 22 carbon atoms, and (iii) a soluble total amount of from 0.01 to 0.5 wt .- $ -.%, preferably 0.02 wt -.% to 0.2 wt .-% of at least one organonitrogen compound of the general formulas R- in which the index η 0 or 1 and the remainder R a 1 row is lower alkyl, and wherein the radicals R to R are all hydrogen, or at least one of the radicals 1 4 "=> R to R denote lower alkyl, and the radical R - 17 - 609813/0942 Is hydrogen or lower alkyl. 2. Liquid or oil according to claim 1, d a el u r c Ii characterized in that lauric acid or oleic acid is used. 3. Liquid or oil according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the organonitrogen compound Is benzotriazole, tetrahydrobenzotriazole or tolyltriazole. H. Liquid or oil according to one of Claims 1 to 3 »characterized in that component (i) is a mineral oil, preferably a dewaxed, hydrofined mineral oil with a viscosity in the range from 5 to 100 cSt at 100 ° C and a viscosity index of 90 to 110 is. 5. liquid or oil according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it also contains up to 1 wt .- * of a conventional antioxidant, up to 1 wt .- / S of a conventional pour point depressant and up to 2 wt. of a conventional viscosity increasing agent. - 18 - 609813/0942 G. Use of the liquid or the preparation according to any one of claims 1 to b as' -laschinen ^ Leitflächen- or slideway lubricant. 809813/0942