DE2527894A1 - METHOD AND LIGHT SETTING MACHINE FOR MULTI-COLUMN SETTING - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method and a light setting machine for multi-column setting.

In the art of printing, a typesetting ship was used to produce typesetting and to check the produced typesetting Brush trigger made. Changes in the sentence, in the spacing or other improvements could then be made, before the set went to the print shop.

Various facilities for using manually made Typesetting was developed, and improvements resulted in lead typesetting machines in which the typesetting elements had a keyboard operated by the typesetter are cast in lead.

With the advent of modern lithographic printing facilities the printing forms for high print runs were made by photographic means, and for less demanding, However, a sentence that could be created quickly came as a sentence carrier an im Direct printing of a typewritten printing form for use on an office typewriter.

609883/0342

/ 2

- 2 - 46 222

machine-With the key-operated cold type setting machine or typing / typesetting machine of the 'Varityper' type can be typed Produce a set in which, however, the lines are composed or cast in the manner of a composite of separate elements Sentence are excluded. This "cold set" then becomes photographic lithographic printing forms manufactured.

The light setting technology is a more recent development. From a set of characters, usually a rotating disk, are attached to the characters in the form of photographic negatives, the desired characters in a light-tight Environment projected onto highly sensitive photo paper.

The photocomposing machine is able to project columns of any width, from one word to the maximum Width of the paper. The maximum width is determined by the existing optics with which the characters the rotating disk can be projected, or by the way that the disk can be adjusted in the housing.

However, a column does not always have the desired maximum width. The composer is therefore very often long and narrow Put columns and thus waste the remaining part of the paper. The column is then physically cut into pieces by the cut to the correct useful length and to achieve a multi-column type area on an underlay glued.

In order to ensure a visually appealing alignment, a ruler is used when using this adhesive technique. to align the second and further columns with the first column.

Mathematical formulas are very difficult to set with known photocomposition machines.

/ 3 509883/03 4 2

- I - 46 222

• J.

Εξ v / earth three explanatory examples are given: 1 - ijclireumsetzmaschine, 2 - light typesetting machine in conventional training, and 3 - light setting machine in cr.'iiiiiiungsgeniäßer training. In each of these examples the instructions or commands are written so that the special characters, e.g. the integral sign [sufficient roughness; left v / ird. Diei; - öo tide! "■ /, oak must be set in another way, for example by Harid or by character transfer or character copying, if not a special special character matrix and the possibility of large-scale production be available.

EXAMPLE 1

The actual typesetting task given below was set for a print publication. The sentence was on a Typewriter and using transmission or carbon copy marks attached to a release paper and transferred by rubbing the paper will. These transfer characters came into question for complicated Greek letter forms. When setting the With the entire formula, the typewriter had to follow a total of 51 special instructions or commands. To the To simplify the illustration, however, only the first 13 are Returns commands that relate to the first line of the formula. The commands apply to the rest of the formula 14 to 51, which are similar in nature to the instructions given.

^{p = 0}

_{ο &} {| ( _S ) ρ}

509883 / 03A2 ^BAD ORIGINAL.

- 4 - 56

1. Starting from the last line of text, advance 44 points based on the first equation.

2. After setting R ¹ = transport backwards by 26 points and set the upper limit of the summation.

3. Switch back to the first character of the upper limit.

4. Transport forward by 19 points and set the lower limit in the middle of the summation.

5. Move backwards by 10 points and set the remainder of the fraction's numerator.

6. Switch back to the beginning of the break.

7. Transport forward by 24 points and set the upper limit of the summation in the denominator.

8. Switch back to the first character of the upper limit.

9. Transport forward by 19 points and set lower limit in the middle of the total.

10. Move backwards by 10 points and place the remainder of the denominator.

11. Switch back to the beginning of the break.

12. Transport backwards by 16 points on the baseline and write a fraction line.

13. Set the remainder of the first line of the equation;

for the upper indices backwards by 4 points, for the lower indices by 2 points forward.

The author of the work in which the above formula appears explained that a computer program was used for the usual typesetting is impracticable, since programs and computers can never be made as versatile and flexible as humans except perhaps at an unrealistically high price. The typesetting therefore preferred to follow through with this sentence To have human hand made.

Note the number of cases in which the composer goes backwards and forwards to set the complicated formula must transport forward. This shows how difficult the problem would be if the typesetter tried to get one To write a program for a photocomposing machine in which

/ 5 509883/0342

- 5 - 46

cannot be transported backwards in the manner described above. In this case everything would have to be done by the top level Starting from the 1st line and going downwards.

Should the given task be solved with a photocomposing machine that has no possibility of backward transport then the instructions or commands for, also in this case, only have to be the first line of the formula as in Example 2 given below.

However, it seems appropriate to briefly explain the commands. These commands appear in the text of the examples 2 and created programs and have the following meaning:

A. [Don't flash]

The command "do not flash" means that typewritten or registered characters will follow the command a dividing step of the phototypesetting machine, but no actual imaging or projecting of the Trigger sign. This function is used to achieve the correct skill or step division, when the actual widths of the characters in question are not known.

B. TBlitzenj

The command "Flash" reactivates the normal flash or Lighting or exposure function of the light setting machine. Characters entered after the "Blitzen" command are exposed and solve a character step division the end.

G. [back]

The "Back" command has the same function as the carriage return key on a typewriter. He lays the Starting point of the setting process again on its left edge or on the one furthest to the left Edge of the respective tabulation or indentation.

/ 6 509883/0342

- 6 - 46 222

D. _L width zero /

The command "width zero" basically means that the single character following the command is to be illuminated or is to be exposed without, however, triggering a character division step. Become two after an order is given If characters are selected, the first character is exposed with "zero width", which means that the phototypesetting machine does not perform a gap (blocking) or dividing step. The second character is then aiif the first character on top and triggers a normal blocking or a normal division step.

EXAMPLE 2

1. Place left hand, with a draw-in value accordingly the beginning of the first character in the equation.

2. Transport forward by 18 points.

3. Set [not flashing Iß. '=] ^ Flashing / / n-1 ] .

4. Transport forward by 5 points.

5. Set [not flashing / [& | / e (p) J / flashing / [2j (back]

6. Transport forward by 4 points.

7. Set [not flashing / / n-1] (flashing / [& // e (p) j [not flashing] [2] / flashing] [J] [back].

8. Transport forward by 10 points.

9. Don't set flashing? 1R ¹ = iBlitzen, p = o '.

10. Transport forward 3 points.

11. Set [not flashing, '[& i / e (p) / ² } -er] (flashing / [2] [not flashing] [2 (m - 1 ) + cr] JBlit ζ en / [2] [ not flashing] [tr] (flashing) [2] [back].

12. Transport forward by 4 points.

13. Set ^r R ^f = "[do not flash] [N-1 & {/ e (p) / ² } j -Blitzen] [or] jQicht flash? [2] [flash / _L ~ 2 (m _ 1) + i ¹ [not flashing] [2] [flashing / [tr] ^ not flashing? _2?

fBlitzen] [_ + Cj [not flashing] Jk J ^ Blitzen / i_ (m + 2) du dr] [Backj.

14. Transport forward by 2 points.

/ 7 S09883 / 03A2

- 7 - 46 222

15. Set [not flash] / R ¹ = H-1 // e (p) [J = (Tj [ "flashes f £ ^ not flash ^1/2 (m?.? - 1) +" r 7 [ Flash]

/> _ 7 / do not flash / (<>"7 / flashingJ /" £ *) [do not flash] [+ C 1 [flashing] lKJ L Back 7.

16. Transport forward by 5 points.

17. Do not flash a person] [R ¹ =] [Flash] [K-1J.

18. Transport forward 5 points.

19. Set [not flashing] '~ & //' i (s) / ^ / flashing / / ~ 2j [back],

20. Transport forward by 4 points.

21. Set [not flashing] [R ^f = N-1J / flashing / f & (j ± (s) IJ

(do not flash] (2j / Blitzenj / Jj [back].

22. Transport forward by 10 points.

23. Set [not flashing // R ¹ = / / flashing /, ρ = ο / / back],

Then the rest of the equation follows.

As example 2 shows, characters have to be repeatedly set or written to, if not transported backwards can only be to get gaps. If you follow the steps of example 2, so it turns out to be quite confusing and requires a great deal of preplanning to get the characters starting with those at the highest baselines to be able to properly enter.

Similarly, the instructions required for the remainder of the equation would be very complicated. Possibly is one The solution to the problem can only be achieved by trial and error, and the commands will usually have to be revised to accommodate the to get correct spaces.

The invention is based on the object of creating a method and a photocomposing machine with which it is possible to while avoiding the use of cutting and gluing techniques in the same machine and in one operation on photosensitive Paper to put several columns flush with each other.

/ 8 S09883 / 03A2

- 8 - 46 222

This task is in a method for multi-column light setting according to the invention achieved in that using a device which is attached to a along a movement path to scan a reference mark transported forward paper web and to generate a control signal when scanning the same capable, and a power operated paper transport device for advancing a photosensitive The following processing steps can be carried out along the specified trajectory:

- Forward transport of a web along said movement path until its reference mark by the scanning device is scanned and a control signal is generated by this,

- Use this control signal to shut down the paper transport device,

- Setting characters to generate at least one character at a position corresponding to a first column,

- Subsequently reversing the paper transport direction to the paper in a retracted from the scanning device To take position

- Renewed forward transport of the paper web until the scanning device generates another control signal,

- and finally at least one second single character on the same side, opposite the first character laterally offset and in a predetermined position a relationship to the reference mark resulting relationship, whereby, starting from a common reference mark, an all-round flush or in register multi-column type area is obtained.

A light typesetting machine for multi-column typesetting comprises according to the invention

- A light setting device with a character set and a projection device with which the characters Project the character set column by column in lines,

/ 9 509883/0342

46

- a power operated paper transport device for forward transport a photosensitive path along a trajectory that defines the image plane of the light setting device forms,

- A device with which a fixed paper web is moved forward along the path of movement Attach reference mark and scan it later and generate a control signal when it is scanned,

- and a controller for the photocomposing machine, which is responsible for the forward transport of the paper until a control signal is received and then a plurality of lines are set in a column by repeated character-by-character exposure and line-by-line forward switching of the paper transport device controls so that the paper can be repeatedly retracted and advanced again to to be scanned again, and to get a starting line for a new column, the one with a previously set Line is flush.

The invention is defined in the subclaims with further features marked.

The invention is explained below with reference to a schematic drawing of an exemplary embodiment with further details explained. In the drawing shows:

1 shows the light setting device of a light setting machine according to the invention,

]? ig. 2 is a perspective view of the paper transport device;

Pig. Figure 3 is a top plan view of the paper scanning device of the invention;

Pig. 4 is a side view of the paper transport device according to Pig. 2.

509883/0342 ^{/ 1} °

- 1 <* - 46 222

Light setting machines and methods are well known so that Fig. 1 makes the basic ideas of the invention sufficiently clear despite the schematic representation.

In the example shown, the light setting device has a disc 10, which is constructed in a conventional manner and which is close to its Circumferential edge bears signs in a circular track. The disk 10 is driven by a motor 11 at a constant speed of rotation drivable based on the magnification ratio between the image on the disc 10 and the one to be reproduced projected image.

A projection device is symbolic with a flash lamp 12 and a lens 13 indicated. With such light setting and projection devices, the necessary adjustment and control devices which are known and therefore not described and illustrated in detail need to become.

The invention is implemented in a paper transport magazine 15 in a conventional phototypesetting machine. Such a thing The magazine, which has found widespread use, is described in U.S. Patent No. 3,724,945. The inside of typesetting machines is light-tight because the light-sensitive paper web used as a recording medium is extremely sensitive is. A small section of the paper web is exposed to the inside of the machine η during the exposure required for setting. A representation of the magazine structure in all details as in the said US-PS are dispensed with.

In the paper transport magazine 15, a set of rollers 18 and 19 is used as a pair of drive rollers. These are in contact when no paper is fed and only one roll is driven. The other role is a loose role.

As the power drive source for this paper transport roller set, which is used to advance a photosensitive

609883/0342 / 11

-V- 46 222

Concerned railway, a stepping motor 21 is used, which has a Pinion 22 carried by the motor shaft drives roller 18. The pinion 22 meshes with a gear 23, which drives a single-directional or overrunning clutch 24. This in turn drives onto the roller 18 and permits forward drive only. Becomes the direction of rotation of the stepper motor Conversely, 21, the overrunning clutch 24 does not transmit any power to the roller 18 for the reverse drive.

A gear 26 directly driven by the gear 23 is in turn drivingly connected to a pinion 27. This actuates a spring-loaded friction slip clutch 28 and drives through this on a roller set 29 for reverse transport.

As a result of the arrangement of the pinions 22 and 27 and the gears 23 and 26, the roller set 29 always strives to have a through the paper transport magazine 15 passing web to drive in reverse direction. By the spring-loaded friction clutch 28, however, it is possible that one of the Rollers 18 and 19 driven web is transported forward against the force acting in the opposite direction. By this reverse drive is between the rollers 18 and 19 for the forward drive and the roller set 29 for the Reverse drive paper web section strongly stretched and smooth. This allows a paper web to be drawn in facilitates that the idlers are stored in a swivel frame and can be swung out to the side. For this purpose, please refer to the See U.S. Patent 3,724,945.

An edge or edge scanning device 30 is arranged on the side of the movement path defined for the paper web, a light source 31 and a sensor or photocell 32 has so that when the paper web extends up to Scanning device 30 advances, a signal is generated.

/ 12

509883/0342

- V. - 46

A controller 34 is formed by a computer which, due to its limited capacity, is referred to as a mini-computer and contains all control devices for the entire phototypesetting machine as well as the necessary control device for the Disc 10, the flash lamp 12 and for the letter and character transfer of the image to the between Rollers 18 and 19 for forward transport and the roller set 29 for the reverse feed of the paper feed magazine 15 located paper web section.

The controller 34 also contains logic gates that receive the signal, which upon arrival of the Paper web is generated on the scanning device 30, and the Switch off the stepper motor 21 to interrupt the forward drive by the roller 18. The controller 34 switches then the light setting device attached to a section of the paper web between rollers 18 and 19 for forward drive and the roller set 29 for the reverse drive, a series of characters in a line of a predetermined length exposed. After the first line has been set, the controller 34 causes the stepping motor 21 to move the rollers 18 and rotates 19 further in the forward direction for forward propulsion an amount known as shot-through, whereupon a second line is set. In this way, row by row, a column with a given predetermined one becomes Column length set.

Here the invention differs from normal practice insofar as it was customary up to now with the sentence in a single column, regardless of the usable paper web width, and then the column in To cut pieces and glue the column parts next to each other so that they are flush to create a multi-column type area to obtain.

A mathematical formula poses a problem for light typesetting, that for programming in normal machines presents considerable difficulties. Through the invention

509883/0342

/ 13

46 222

making such a sentence without difficulty made feasible. A word or even a letter or number can be treated as a column. The placement the forrael sign with the correct weft can be reached with ease.

According to the invention, the controller 34 switches the direction of rotation of the stepping motor 21 at the end of the first column. These Reversal of the direction of rotation has no effect on the roller due to the overrunning clutch 24 acting only in one direction for the forward drive, but now allows the roller set 29, under the driving influence of the spring-loaded Friction clutch 28 controls the direction of movement of the paper web in the direction of a raw film supply box 35 to reverse.

A normal paper transport magazine is constructed so that between the supply box 35 and the roller set 29 for the There is enough space for the backward transport so that the paper web can bend without being damaged until it is renewed is transported in the forward direction.

The stepping motor 21 runs in the opposite direction until the upper edge of the set column is well below the normal setting position instead of exactly at one setting position. When moving in the forward direction, the game is in the Drive balanced again. A much cheaper construction is therefore made possible than when using precision gears and demand for freedom from play.

As soon as the stepping motor 21 is switched again according to the forward transport direction, it transports the paper web back to the edge scanner 30 »die generates a signal as soon as it is reached by the edge of the paper web. The signal is recognized by the controller 34 or evaluated, and the setting process then begins in a second column laterally offset from the first column, the

509883/0342 / H

46 222

. / Kr-

The first line of the second column is exactly flush with the first line of the first column that has already been set.

It has been found that instead of the cut end of the paper web to control the positional relationship Series of holes or marks along the edge of the paper web are also useful. Achieving the right one Lead-through in the forward and backward directions is not dependent on any particular brand, but is made possible by the use of an appropriate reference mark.

EXAMPLE 3

1. Set the left margin with an indentation value accordingly the beginning of the first character in the equation.

2. Transport forward 44 points. Set the lead-through reference mark.

3. Set lR '= \

4. Transport backwards from the reference mark by 26 points.

5. Set ^ N-1 ".

6. Transport forward by 9 points.

7. Set ^ & £ / e (p) / | /.

8. Transport backwards by 21 points from the reference mark (4 points).

9. Put _L 2 '.

10. Transport forward by 4 points.

11. Put ΛΣ. ^.

12. Transport forward to the reference mark (17 points). 13 Set Z = (J ⁷

14 · Transport backwards by 4 points from the reference mark.

15. Set (width nullj [2j.

16. Transport forward by 6 points.

17. Put [a ^.

18. Transport backwards to the reference mark.

19. Set / ~ 2 (m - 1) +].

20. Transport backwards from the reference mark by 4 points.

21. Set [width zero7 f2j.

509883/0342 ^{/ 15}

46

. Λξ.

22. Transport forward by 6 points.

23. Put ^ o "".

24. Transport backwards to the reference mark.

25. Set / VJ.

26. Transport backwards by 4 points from the reference mark.

27. Set / width zero / ^ '2? .

28. Transport forward by 6 points.

29. Put /.^J.

30. Transport backwards to the reference mark.

31. Put (+ CJ.

32. Transport forward by 2 points.

33.Set (k j.

34. Transport backwards to the reference mark.

35. Put / (m + 2) you dr ■ '/ "back /.

36. Transport backwards from the reference mark by 7 points.

37. Set 'Do not flash' ¹ .'R ¹ =) / Flash / fv = °) / Back ^

38. Advance 14 points.

39.Set (not flashing? £ ß ^f = J / flashing / / w-1_ / '

40. Move forward by 9 points.

41. Set / & τ ⁵ / i (s) /} /.

42. Transport backwards by 4 points (or: transport backwards to reference mark, transport forwards by 12 points) .

43. Place / 2 7.

44. Transport forward by 4 points.

45.Set j_2Z / ^ back. .

46. Advance 10 points.

47. Set (_Nicht blitzen "^ R ¹ = / (Blitzen [p = o

Then the rest of the equation follows.

Where in example 3 α, βτ command "transport backwards ^11" takes place, characters can be entered in almost their normal sequence. The baseline can be moved forwards or backwards via interspersed commands central baseline to work from which everyone

B09883 / 0342/16

-16- 46

other dimensions can be determined. Since repeated forward and backward transport results in an error accumulation return to a baseline will result in an improvement in typographical quality and the reduction of baseline deviations to a minimum.

The invention thus creates a paper transport device for a typesetting machine with which the paper repeats can be transported in the forward and backward direction into an exact starting position, so that columns are successively and can be set exactly flush in each case.

/ 17 609883/0342

Claims (7)

EXPECTATIONS Method for multi-column light setting, characterized in that using a Device that scans a reference mark on a paper web that is transported forward along a movement path and capable of generating a control signal when the same is scanned, and a power-operated paper transport device the following work steps are carried out to transport a photosensitive web along the said movement path: - Forward transport of a web along said movement path until its reference mark by the scanning device is scanned and a control signal is generated by this, - Use this control signal to shut down the paper transport device, - Setting characters to generate at least one character at a position corresponding to a first column, - Subsequently reversing the paper transport direction to the paper in a retracted from the scanning device To take position - Renewed forward transport of the paper web until the scanning device generates another control signal, - and finally at least one second single character on the same side, opposite the first character laterally offset and in a predetermined relationship resulting from a relationship to the reference mark, whereby, starting from a common reference mark, a multi-column one that is flush on all sides or in register Type area is preserved. 609883/0342 - 1 - 46 222 .49. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e η η, that it is first set in a first multi-cell column that then the paper web is transported backwards and that a second column is set, the lines of which are flush with the lines of the first column. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e η η - ζ e i chne t that the affixing of the characters during the Setting process happens irregularly, but flush or in register based on a common bullet reference mark. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that on a photosensitive web in the marks are attached in advance, which can be scanned to a backward transport and a renewed forward transport to switch. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that on a photosensitive web a A series of marks can be attached, which are used for counting and transport control. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e η η - ζ Make sure that the reference mark is the leading edge of the paper. 7. Photocomposing machine for multi-column typesetting, g e k e η η draws by - A light setting device (10, 11, 12, 13) with a set of characters (10) and a projection device (12, 13)> with the characters of the character set (10) project column by column in rows, - a power operated paper transport device (15) for advancing along a photosensitive web a movement path which forms the image plane of the light setting device (10,11,12,13), 509883/0342 / 3 46 222 a device (3O>31> 32) with which a fixed reference mark can be attached to a paper web transported forward along the path of movement and later scanned and a control signal generated when the same is scanned, and by a control (34) for the photocomposing machine,
that feeds the paper forward until a control signal is received and then a plurality of
Lines in a column by wMerholtes character by character
Exposing and line-by-line forward switching of the paper transport device (15) controls so that the paper can be repeatedly retracted and forwarded again to be scanned again and to obtain a starting line for a new column which is flush with a previously set line. & Ü9883 / 0342