DE2524795A1 - Constructional sheet metal hollow member - stiffened by forming groove down each side with free edges connected - Google Patents

Abstract

The hollow structural or framework member of e.g. steel is made from flat sheet and can be of square cross section. It has a groove along each side which is V-shaped, the legs of the V sloping outwards, and two free edges of the sheet are interconnected to close the square. The grooves are formed in the flat sheet, the the square is formed by bending, and edges are joined at the centre of one of the four grooves. The joint may be made by overlapping, the secured by adhesive, screws or rivets or by clinching the two edges together. The grooves strengthen the member, and are also useful for locating connecting brackets, straps, adaptors etc, giving a much more rigid butt joint, angle joint, telescopic joint etc.

Description

Hollow, elongated building or construction element, its manufacture and its use. The invention relates to hollow, elongated members such as building or construction elements, as well as their manufacture.

Such elements are known and are currently used to form the desired profile of the element by extrusion or by welding made of metal. Both types of production have disadvantages. When the metal Is aluminum, extrusion does not allow the walls of the element to be thinner than 2 mm when the largest dimension of a transverse cut is through the element is 75 mm or more. Thin walls are even more difficult to be achieved if the metal is steel, in the case of the manufacturing method with welding the element usually has to be painted after manufacture.

According to the invention, a thin-walled, hollow, elongated component is intended be created, which has low weight and but good ones Has flexural strength and which can be easily manufactured.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the element Has channels which extend along its surfaces, and the element from Plate material is composed, which to the required shape of the element is shaped with the element having a pair of edges which are joined together are to close the cross-section of the element.

The plate material is preferably metal, although it is also non-metallic Material, for example glass fiber reinforced plastic, can be.

The surfaces of the element can be curved or flat. A preferred one Element has a square or rectangular cross-section. The element owns light weight because it is made of plate material and yet has a high resistance to buckling due to the creation of the channels.

As described in detail below, the channels for affiliation serve of connecting pieces, so that the erection of an entablature or scaffolding from a number of elements allows i <ird. If the connectors are not on with channels provided surface parts of the elements are not attached, which Parts are subjected to the highest bending stress during bending, so reduced connecting the elements using the channels does not affect the flexural strength of every single element. In this case the connectors can be connected to the elements connected by screws, rivets or by welding at the bases of the recesses be. The connection of the elements to one another by means of the channels serves the purpose of distribution all types of load, especially impact load, torsional load, bending load and focused. Load. Indeed, it has been found that under stress a framework, which was formed from the present elements, the load transfer across the connectors unexpectedly evenly is and a local overloaded for really all types of stress is avoided.

The invention therefore also provides a connector, which to is formed on at least one channel within each pair of the elements to attack.

As mentioned above, the channels create a high level of resistance against buckling. When an excessive load is applied, causing a buckling occurs, a kink cannot properly extend over the element because the channels prevent this. After a certain degree of buckling has occurred, the bases of opposite channels touch each other, with a much higher resistance against bending occurs.

Preferably, the connector is designed so that it at least is in frictional contact with a channel within each pair of the elements. For example, at least one of the channels can have a base and essentially a pair have flat sides, the sides being mutually inclined, as shown in FIG Cross-section can be seen so that the width of the channel increases in one direction which extends outwardly of the element from the base of the channel. In in this case the connector has a pair of substantially flat sides, which are inclined to each other and with a slightly different angle than the sides of the channel, the angle of inclination of the sides of the connector is smaller or larger than the angle of inclination of the sides of the duct, depending on whether the connector is intended to be connected to the outside of the channel (i.e. from the inside of the element) or with the inside of the duct (i.e. from the Outside of the element) comes into contact. The result is a friction fastening mechanism, when the connectors are driven into contact with the channels. There the channels and connecting pieces thus come into contact with one another over essential areas standing, the loads are distributed and the connecting pieces can be considerable Transfer loads.

The channels can instead be part-circular in cross-section and the connectors can be designed accordingly. About frictional contact To ensure that the connecting pieces are slightly smaller or smaller in diameter. larger than the ducts, depending on whether they are intended to be connected to the outside of the channel (i.e. from the inside of the element) or with the inside of the Channel (i.e. from the outside of the element) are in contact.

The use of a friction fastening mechanism has the advantage of that the rivets, screws or other means of fastening the elements to the Connecting pieces are not subject to significant shear stress, if the frictional contact force is not exceeded.

To improve the quality of the connection, the connector be made of plate material, for example sheet metal, and at least a recessed portion with the pair of substantially flat sides and at least have a bracket part which is designed to be connected to a part at least one surface of at least one of the elements comes into contact. These Construction of the connector has the advantage that it is the connection of a Pair of elements at a desired angle, whereby a cut or a groove is formed in the recessed part of the connector and the connector around the cut or the groove is bent at an arbitrary angle, whichever is the same the angle. is under which the elements are to be connected.

The invention also provides a method for producing the elements which is characterized by the fact that the channels are formed in the plate material; that one the channeled plate forming the surfaces of the element bends, and that the pair of edges are joined together to form the cross-section of the element For example, you can have a length of sheet metal Cut from a sheet metal feed and put in a press to form the channels bring. The channeled panel is then folded into its final profile and its cross-section is closed by cutting the edges, preferably at the Base of a channel that connects with each other. The edges can be connected by welding, Screwing, riveting, gluing or by overlapping and hemming.

Furthermore, the invention provides a method for producing the element, in which the formation of the channels in the element and the formation of the surfaces of the element is effected by rolling.

This method is advantageous in that it enables you to achieve a enables high output, partly because of the possibility of pretreatment of the plate material. For example, the elements can be made from from a reel running metal sheet, which is painted, galvanized, with covered with vinyl plastic or otherwise pretreated. this makes possible the manufacture of elements with a wide range of desired surface treatments.

The invention also provides a method of forming a bend in the element, the method consisting in making opposing openings forms across the width of a pair of opposing faces of the element, whereby Parts of another pair of opposing surfaces are left behind, which the bridge openings; that one of these parts of the element is attached to a first Separates the end of the openings and the channel within the first part on the second The end of the openings cuts; that you can move the first part around an axis which goes through the cut is defined within the channel, bends to an angle which corresponds to the corresponds to the desired angle of the bend; that you can make a cut in the canal within of the second part at the second end of the openings and the element to the desired The angle of the bend bends around an axis made by the cut in the channel within the second part is defined; that the canal is within the first part with the channel within the corresponding area of the part of the element closer bringing into contact with the first end of the opening; and that one with each other in Channels brought into contact.

Finally, the invention provides a tool for bending the element, the tool including means for contacting channels within a pair of opposing faces of the element, and means for deforming with creasing or wrinkling of a third surface of the element, which should form the inside of the bend, shortening the third face and forms a bend. The devices for bringing the channels into contact can have a pair of beveled buffers which have sides that lightly are mutually inclined at greater angles than the sides of the channels with which they are should be brought into contact.

The invention will now be exemplified with reference to the accompanying drawings Drawings further described.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an element according to the invention; FIGS. 2 and 3 are views on a much larger scale of the detail X of FIG and show different ways in which the cross-section of the element is closed can be; FIG. 4 is a cross-section through a face of that shown in FIG. 1 Element and by two different connecting pieces, which are used to connect the Elements with another, same element are suitable; Fig. 5 shows how the element shown in Fig. 1 with other, just such elements by suitable Connecting pieces can be connected to form a framework; Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a connector; Fig. 7 shows a pair Elements connected by the connector shown in Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a pair of elements which are at right angles connected by a pair of connectors; Fig. 9 is a perspective View of another connector; Figure 10 is a side view of the connector of Fig. 11, which shows a section in a recessed portion of the connector is made; Figs. 11 and 12 are a side view and a perspective view, respectively of the connecting piece of FIG. 9, after this around the section shown in FIG has been bent by 90 °; Fig.l3 is a view corresponding to FIG. 10, but shows the connector with a larger V-shaped cut or such a groove; Fig.14 is a side view of the connector of Fig. 13 after this has been bent around the incision by 900 and that in a sense opposite to the bending direction in the case of FIGS. 11 and 12; Fig. 15 is a perspective view a further connecting piece for connecting two elements at right angles; FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a similar one shown in FIG Connection piece, which is modified, however, to the connection of three right-angled Enable elements; Fig.l7 is one of FIG. 14 corresponding View showing how the connector of Fig. 9 can be modified to a connector for the outside of a right-angled corner or a knee joint to form between two elements; Fig.l8 shows a number of other connectors, how they can be formed from wound or strip material; Fig.l9 shows an end-to-end connection between two elements formed by a pair of the connectors shown in Fig. 18 are formed after the connectors are bent is; Fig.20 shows a right-angled connection between two elements, which is formed by a connector assembly similar to that described with reference to FIG and Fig. 19 is similar to the arrangement described; Fig. 21 is a perspective view a right angle connection between a pair of elements, each being a number Having channels within and along each of its faces; Fig. 22 shows how that Element shown in Fig. 1 as a preliminary stage for forming a corner or a knee bend can be modified; and Figs. 23 and 24 are a side view and a perspective view, respectively View of the modified element of FIG. 22 after it has been used to form the Bend has been bent.

Throughout the drawings, like reference numerals indicate corresponding ones Parts.

Fig. 1 shows a hollow, elongated, thin-walled according to the invention Metal element 1 with a rectangular shape in a transverse direction Cut, the element having a channel 2 within and along each of its faces. The element is made of sheet metal and has two abutting edges, which are connected at the base of the rightmost channel 2 in Fig. 1 and close the cross-section of the element. As shown in Fig. 2, these edges be connected by overlapping and hemming.

As shown in Fig. 3, the edges can also simply overlap and secured together by suitable means (not shown), for example by rivets or screws, which are spaced along the length of the element 1, or by an adhesive.

The element 1 consists of sheet metal, which before manufacture of the element may have been subjected to a surface treatment process. The metal can be steel. In this case, the thickness of the metal can be thinner be than 1 mm if the largest cross-sectional dimension of the element is 20 mm; and the thickness of the metal can be less than 3 mm if the largest cross-sectional dimension 100 mm. However, the metal can also be aluminum. In this case, the Thickness will be less than 0.8 mm if the largest cross-sectional dimension of the element Is 20 mm; and the thickness can be less than 1.8 mm when the largest cross-sectional dimension 100 mm. For different metal thicknesses and values of the largest cross-sectional dimension of the element, these may vary in relation to the values set out above.

As shown in Fig. 4, each channel 2 has a base 3 and a Pair of sides 4, which are mutually inclined so that the width of the channel is enlarged in a direction outward from the base of the canal of the element 1 extends.

Fig. 4 also shows two different connecting pieces 5, 5 'for Connecting a pair of elements 1. Both connecting pieces 5, 5 'are channel-like Elements made of sheet material, for example sheet metal, and have a cross-section which is similar to that of channels 2. However, the angles between the Pages 6, 6 'of connectors 5, 5' a little different opposite to the angle between sides 4 of channel 2. The angle between sides 6 of the connector 5 is greater than the angle between the sides 4 of the channel 2, and the angle between the sides 6 'of the connector 5' is smaller than the angle between the sides 4 of the channel 2. If so the connectors 5, 5 'are attached to the base 3 of the channel 2, for example by means of (not shown) screws, which are directed along axis 7, press the connecting pieces in tight frictional contact with the sides 4 of the ranals, as explained above became.

Fig. 5 shows the element 1, which by means of a number of connecting pieces is attached to such elements 1 ', 1 ". The element 1 is by means of straight Connecting pieces 5 connected end to end to the element 1 ', the screws 8 one of the connectors 5 at the bases of two aligned, visible channels fasten in elements 1 and 1 '. The element 1 is with the element 1t means a pair of connecting pieces 9 connected, which the connecting pieces 5 the same except that they are bent to the appropriate angles.

Fig. 6 shows a connecting piece for connecting a pair of elements 1, 1 "at right angles as shown in FIG.

The connecting piece has a pair of opposing legs lo each of which has a recessed part 11, similar to that of the connecting pieces 5, and a support part 12 has. In use, each recessed part stands 11 in rubbing contact with a corresponding pair of opposing channels 2 of the element 1 "and is attached thereto, and the support parts 12 contact the surfaces of the element 1 ", which has these channels.

The connector also has a pair of legs 10 ', one of which each has a recessed part 11 ', equal to that of the connecting pieces 5, as well as two carrier parts 12 '.

In use, each recessed part 11 'is in frictional contact with a corresponding part of opposite channels 2 of the element 1 and is attached to it; and the support parts 12 ' touch the surfaces of the element 1 having these channels.

Holes in the bases of the recessed parts 11 and 11 'for inclusion of screws or rivets for attaching the connector to the bases of the Channels are denoted by 13 in FIGS. 6 and 7.

Fig. 8 shows how a pair of connectors 18 can be used to effect a right angle connection between a pair of elements 1, 1 ". This arrangement creates a rigid connection which is particularly suitable for instantaneous loads to resist.

Fig. 9 shows a further connector, which is also has a recessed part 11 and two support parts 12. The connector can, as shown, be used to, like the connectors 5 in Fig. 5, Create end-to-end connections. However, as will now be described, this can Connector can be easily designed to produce angular connections, for example like the connecting pieces 9 in Fig. 5. E.g.

you can saw a cut 20 in the recessed part with a metal saw 11 - but not in the carrier parts 12 - as shown in FIG is. The connecting piece is then bent, for example by 90 °, to the in the Figs. 11 and 12 assume the shape shown, after which the connector is used can be used to connect a pair of elements at right angles, with the parts lla and llb of the recessed region 11, which are outlined by the bending, enter channels within the corresponding elements.

When a larger cut 20 is made in the form of a V-shaped groove becomes as shown in Fig. 13, the recess can be in the opposite direction can be bent by 900 and assumes the shape shown in FIG. 14.

Of course, the connector of Fig. 9 can be any Angles to be bent; the above description of the bending of the connector at right angles is only given as an example.

Fig. 15 shows another connector with two recessed Parts 11 for connecting a pair of elements at right angles; and a support part 12th

FIG. 16 shows a connector similar to that shown in FIG similar but modified to include three elements to form a three-dimensional To connect the scaffolding at right angles. As can be seen, a part is 22 the end of one of the recessed parts 11 near the apex of the two Parts 11, partially cut away from the connector and bent by 90 ° to to form a recessed part 23 and support parts 24, which are located in the right At an angle to the plane of the rest of the connecting piece.

Fig. 17 shows how the connector of Fig. 9 can be modified can be used to create a connector for the outside of a right-angled corner or to form a knee joint between two vlemente. In this case there are two Parts 26, 27 of the recessed region 11 completely removed and the connecting piece is bent 90 ° around one end of the cut-away part 26 and takes one configuration which is similar to that shown in FIG.

Fig. 18 shows a number of connectors 30 as they are from before Bending as a rolled up or strip material present, are formed. The connectors have recessed parts 11 and flat parts 31, which by non-linear edges 32 are separated from each other. After the connectors have been bent, to form support parts 12 from the flat parts 31, a pair of them can be used to form an end-to-end connection between a pair of elements 1,1 ', as shown in FIG. This type of connection arrangement is very safe, because it surrounds the entire connection. A similar arrangement can be used to form a right angle connection as shown in FIG.

Fig. 21 shows how between a pair of elements 40, 40 'with each a number of channels 2 within and along each of its faces, a rectangular one Connection can be effected.

(A number of channels within each area will be used for large elements The elements 40, 40 'are connected to one another by means of four connecting pieces 41 connected, three of which can be seen in the drawings. The connectors 41 in turn have the recessed parts 11 and the carrier parts 12.

Referring now to Figs. 22-24, one method will now be described Forming a corner or knee bend in element 1 is described. A pair of rectangular ones openings, one of which (46) is visible in Fig. 22, are opposite one another, Formed over the entire width of the element. The openings have a length which is equal to that width dimension of the rod, which is shown in FIG extends vertically.

The formation of the openings leaves two parts 47, 47 'of the other Pair of opposing surfaces, which one formed by the openings Bridge gap. One part 47 is separated from the element at its left end, as can be seen from Fig. 22, and it has one at its other end Section which goes through the channel 2, but not through that surface of the element 1 through which has this channel. The part 47 becomes 900 um bent around an axis which is defined by this part.

The other part 47 'has cuts 48 and 49, which in its channel 2 are formed only at its opposite ends. The whole element 1 will then bent 90 ° around the bottom of the cut 48 so that a part 50 of the element to the right of the openings (as can be seen from FIG. 22) on a surface 51 of a part 52 of the element, to the left of the openings, is at rest. Channel 2 within part 47 then comes in with the channel within surface 51 of part 52 of element 1 Touch and is attached in a suitable manner, creating the required connection is formed.

The channel formations in the elements described here can be in elements which have been manufactured using techniques other than those described here, for example in extruded elements made of metal or in injection molded elements made of plastic. The connecting pieces described here can be used in the same way used to refer to such variously manufactured, channeled elements to connect with each other.

- patent claims -

Claims (15)

Claims 9 Hollow, elongated building or construction element, characterized in that it extends within and along its surfaces Has channels (2), and that the element is composed of plate material, which is formed into the required shape of the element (1) and a pair Has edges which are interconnected to close the cross-section of the element are. 2. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the channels (2) has a base and a pair of substantially flat sides, the sides, in cross-sectional view, being mutually inclined so that the width of the canal increases in a direction which extends from the base of the canal towards extends outward from the element. 3. Element according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the channels is partially circular in cross section. 4. Element according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the plate material is sheet metal. 5. Element according to claim 4, characterized in that the metal sheet is covered. 6. Element according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that it for connection to at least one further element, at least one connecting piece (5, 5 '), wherein the connecting piece is shaped so that it is at least in engages a channel within each of the elements. 7. Element according to claim 6, characterized in that the connecting piece is shaped to be associated with at least one channel within each of the elements in Frictional contact is. 8. Element according to claim 7, characterized in that the connecting piece has a pair of substantially flat sides which are mutually inclined at a slightly different angle than the sides of the channel, where the angle of inclination of the sides of the connector is less or greater than the angle of inclination of the sides of the channel, depending on whether the connector to it is provided with the outside of the channel (i.e. from the inside of the element from) or with the inside of the channel (i.e. from the outside of the element) to get into engagement. 9. Element according to claim 8, characterized in that the connecting piece is made of sheet material and at least one recessed part with the Pair of substantially flat sides, and at least one support part which is designed to with a part of at least one surface of at least one of Elements to come into engagement. 10. A method for producing the element according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the channels are formed in the plate material; that one flexes the channeled plate to form the faces of the element; and that the pair of edges to close the cross-section of the element with each other connects. 11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the Forms channels within the element and the surfaces of the element by rolling. 12. Use of the element according to claim 1 to 9 for the construction of a Scaffolding by connecting a pair of elements with a connector, thereby characterized in that a cut or a groove in the recessed part of the connector is formed and the connector around the cut or the groove to any Angle is bent, which is equal to the angle at which the elements with each other should be connected. 13. Use of the element according to claim 1 to 9 for the construction of a Scaffolding by forming a bend in the element characterized by the following Steps: Form opposing openings across the width of a pair opposing faces of the element, making parts of another pair of opposing Areas remain which bridge the openings; Detaching a first these parts of the element at a first end of the openings and cutting of the channel within the first part at the second end of the openings; Bending the first part about an axis which is defined by the section within the channel, and at an angle which corresponds to the desired angle of the bend; Form a cut in the channel within the second part at the second end of the openings and bending the element to the required bending angle about an axis, which is defined by the cut in the channel within the second part; Bringing into contact of the channel within the first part with the channel within the corresponding Area of the part of the element which is closer to the first end of the openings; and securing the contacted channels. 14. Use according to claim 13, characterized in that the forming a bend in the element takes place with a tool, which means for bringing into contact of channels within a pair of opposing faces of the element, as well Comprises means for deforming a third surface of the element, wherein the third surface is intended to form the inside of the bend from creasing or creasing to form, thereby shortening the third surface and making a bend is formed. 15. Use according to claim 13 and 14, characterized in that the means of the tool for bringing the x-ducts into contact are a pair of beveled ones Have buffers which have sides that are mutually inclined, namely at a little greater angle than the sides of the channels with which they engage should be brought. L e r s e i t e