DE2521712A1 - Corner stakes with widened lower ends - are compacted inside jacket column which is raised from ground - Google Patents

Abstract

The corner stakes have widened lower ends and are produced by forming a hole in the ground, lowering a jacket tube column (1) into the hole, introducing stake material into the column cavity from which the earth has been removed, and compacting the material pneumatically in the hole while withdrawing the column in hermetic sealing relationship. The stake material is first supplied in a quantity sufficient to form the widened portion, then the column is raised by a certain amount (h2) equal to the height of the material which has been introduced, then the column is filled with the remainer of the material of which the quantity is sufficient to form the pile shaft. The shape of the base is formed by vibrating the column while lowering it, and the shape of the shaft is formed by vibrating the column and applying compressed air while reciprocating the column longitudinally.

Description

METHOD OF MANUFACTURING LOCATION PILES WITH EXTENSIONS IN THE BOTTOM PART The invention relates to a method for the construction of place posts with Widenings in the lower part.

Such piles are used in the construction of pile foundations large load capacity <used>, including for the inclusion of large, so-called Point loads <->.

As is known, pile foundations are used with great bearing capacity Objects of the hydrotechnical, industrial, transport and civil construction are used and provide «-» a particularly effective gown to reduce costs and help Reduction of construction dates / large objects. «Especially with predominantly relative less stable and unsafe building ground compared to the other types of foundation, such as ribbon, pillar foundations, and others # Currently are methods of manufacture of place stakes with spreads in the lower part known that in it exist, that a borehole is drilled in the ground, in which a tubular column is then placed sunk4 the inner cavity of the tubular column cleared of soil, this cavity then filled with pile material and / removed the casing column from the borehole will. The design of the widening in the lower part of a pile can be different execute the gene depending on / properties of the / process.

A cast concrete mix is usually used as the pile material.

which depends on / soil strength and on / piles but also effective loads can / Sano or Klesmischungen and other similar materials can be used.

To the well-known methods of manufacturing cast-in-place posts with widening in the lower part, for example, the so-called <-> manufacturing process is part of the process of piles.

<"FRANKI" (or its modifications: "WIBRO-FRANKI" or "WIBRO-RAPID")> The method mentioned consists in that a column in the lower part of the jacket tube compacted concrete plug is created. In the further the tubular column with the plug by ramming or shaking at @ a simultaneous pressing >> in The bottom of the floor is introduced into the predetermined depth, after which the concrete plug is inserted knocks out of the tubular column into the subsoil, creating a compacted widening (Foot) of the respective pile will. Then the inner cavity the column is filled in portions with pile material and when the column is pulled out by means of a mechanical winch or by means of shaking, this materia becomes proportionally pressed out of the column, whereby the pile shaft is formed.

The procedure mentioned gained <-> widespread use <in The last year, however, since the introduction of a tubular column with compressed Concrete plug <-> in / a pile boundary the subsoil # and the knocking out this plugging into the subsoil is connected with the necessity of having one the extremely large forehead resistance so erected to overcome is the diameter / Piles and consequently their load-bearing capacity is limited. The diameter of such piles usually does not exceed 250-300 mm.

For the same reason, the scope of this procedure is up Extremely unstable types of subsoil limited.

From the standpoint of increased carrying capacity, the procedure is for the production of place posts with widening in the lower part according to the French Patent No. 2135992, "Method and Apparatus for Filling Support Piles" more perfect.

In the process mentioned, the design of the broadening is based on the lower part of the pile on the feed to the lower end of the tubular column << stronger Compressed air pulses >>; under their action, free water is released from the Soil pores pressed, the soil is deformed and the pile material added in portions The pile walls are thrown. With the help of this procedure, the production of piles with a diameter of up to 1000 mm with a greater load-bearing capacity possible.

this essence / procedure, however, limits the area of its effective Application as in the case described above on extremely unstable -, strong watery soil that <destroys and compacts e @ t> under the action of a So-called air cannon specially developed to implement this process , which is described in the filing of the patent, <- $ gt; can be.

Another well-known method of making Ortpfiles with Widening in the lower part is based on the use of drilling rigs of the "BENOTO" type and "KATO".

In contrast to the methods described above, this makes this possible Methods of making more massive piles; it consists of the following.

The formation of boreholes in the ground is carried out by making a Jacketed column into the subsoil with periodic removal of soil from its inner cavity by means of Bohrwereuge belonging to the drilling rig, which in the respective The borehole can be lowered with a rope.

Then the tubular column is placed in the inner cavity on the bottom of the borehole on drill pipes is a so-called re-cutting drill / lowered, with cutting elements that can be extended under the action of hydraulic pressure is provided.

one by formation / fluid pressure within the drill pipes and by turning the re-cutting drill at the same time, a cavern is created (widening) in the lower part of the borehole. After filling <the regrooving bits> with soil is <-> conveyed to the surface, freed from the ground and back into the Drilled hole.

Then the resulting widening and the inner cavity of the borehole filled with pile material from a container, and the Lantelrohrsäule is pulled out.

3 1 2 When pulling out the tubular column, the # - # changes periodically 10-15 ° # by means of hydroob hermetically sealed cylinders @ rotated. It will the / tubular column to avoid the sticking of the pile material within fed to the tubular column and compressed air to compress it.

This makes it possible to manufacture cast-in-place piles using this method by using a regrooving bit to create a cavern in the lower part of the drilling locns, massive piles with widening in the lower part in to build harder types of soil. As it is, however, by the specifics of education a widening at the foot of a pile is required, is the implementation of the method only possible in soil types in which the walls are cut by means of the re-cutting drill formed cavern which stood up to / was filled with pile material.

In addition, <-> the formation of a cavern with the help of a self rotating re-cutting bit difficult or 8 9 not possible at all. <at Presence in the sub-1 2 3 4 5 6 7 due to large solid inclusions, such as mainly with moraine> Since the material of the pile is mainly compressed air and partly through rotations that is compacted between the column is the adhesion / pile and Soil in the zone adjacent to the widened part and in the zone of the shaft of the stake inadequate. As a result, the piles will not have a sufficiently high load-bearing capacity secured, and you also have to have their diameter to accommodate increased loads increase, and the amount of work and the consumption of materials increase accordingly at.

The aim of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages mentioned.

The invention is based on the object of a method for erection of place posts with widenings in the lower part in the subsoil using more technological Develop operations that have a good connection between the and the adhesion / stakes / soil and a high load-bearing capacity 3 of the Pfanle when manufacturing both in dense and in loose subsoil types.

The task at hand is achieved by the fact that one in the establishment of place piles with widening in the lower part by forming a borehole in the subsoil, borehole by inserting a tubular column into the /, afterwards in the following Feeding of pile material / the hollow space of the tubular column that has been previously cleaned of soil and by compressing the pile material in the borehole by means of compressed air as it is pulled out the tubular column sealing the same under hermetic: cher / from above according to the invention carries out the feeding of pile material in two studies, 2 1 and first of all the material is in a required for the formation of the foot broadening of a pile Amount supplied, after which the tubular column is raised doing an amount that corresponds to the height of the fed material, Mantelrohsäule and then the / filled with the rest of the material, the length of which for the construction of the pile shaft is sufficient; the design of the foot broadening of the pile is carried out the force reduction of the tubular column filled with pile material, which at the same time Vibration oscillations are given, unci the design of the pile shaft takes place by going back and forth Force shift of the tubular column in the direction below its longitudinal axis / simultaneous shaking of the column and action <-> on the pile material <of compressed air>.

The object of the present invention consists in the following.

As is known, concrete mixes of all materials ensure which are used in the erection of in-place piles have the greatest strength.

The fact that the design of the foot broadening of a pile by Force bringing down the tubular column filled with concrete mixture takes place, which in the process Vibratory oscillations are given, there is a possibility that they are to be erected of piles << cheaper to use stiff concrete mixes than GuBbetov, <<->>.

As the introduction of the concrete mix into the cavity of the tubular column takes place in two stages, in the first the only for the formation of a pile base expansion required amount is added, there is a risk of the concrete mixture getting stuck excluded in the column and raising the latter by one of the height of the already poured mixture facilitates the corresponding amount.

The introduction of concrete mix to create a foot extension into the cavity of the tubular column includes the risk of (flushing out of Cement from / concrete mix <<->> when pouring << also ground water >>.

Through the simultaneous joint action of three namely factors, / to and fro force displacement of the tubular column in the direction of its longitudinal axis, The tubular column is shaken and the concrete mixture is processed with compressed air the force of the concrete mixture pressed into the wall of the respective borehole.

This makes it possible to erect a pile with an uneven surface is and has projections that are in the the ground at / places its smallest Strength protrude between what the adhesion / pile and subsurface one opposite Piles <raised>, which / have a relatively smooth surface, -> In addition the force pressing of the soil into the wall of the borehole leads to compaction and for compressing both the soil around the pile and the concrete mix self.

The circumstances mentioned ensure a high load-bearing capacity of the respective Stake.

By forming a widening in the lower part of the pile By means of Krafteinpressiing / concrete mixing, there is no need for a Cavern to form it for widening, and / there is the possibility of piles can even be built in soil types with little load-bearing capacity, such as silty ground and the like.

For a better understanding of the subject matter of the invention, the proposed procedures below with reference on the drawings explained in more detail; FIG. 1 shows schematically the initial stage of the process of FIG one he erecting a post with / spreading in the lower part; Fig. 27 process in the stage of filling the interior of a cavity of the tubular column with / concrete mixture, which is necessary for the formation of the pile base spread; 3 shows the process in the stage of lifting the jacket pipe the @@ pillar in the for / formation of the foot widening required the height and for filling their cavity with / remaining concrete mix; the Fig.4 / process in the stage of the design of the broadening in the lower part of the Stake; the Big.5 / process in the stage of designing the pile shaft it.

The proposed method is carried out in the following order.

First, a borehole is formed by lowering a column of casing pipe 1 (Fig.1) by acting with a power mechanism (not shown in the drawing) and by shaking with a shaker 2 When the column 1 is lowered, its interior becomes one Room <from the floor> cleaned with the aid / gripper 3 <->.

After lowering the column to the required depth and Cleaning of your interior from the floor <-> at the bottom of the hole created with a diameter of about 1.5 m <will> be a prefabricated monolithic Foot bearing 4 (Fig. 2) set up. then the hole is made using a concrete pourer 5 a stiff concrete mixture (conical setting of the mixture 10-20 mm) in a narrow area fed, which is necessary to form a widening in the lower part of the pile is whose height hi should be about 5 m.

Then the tubular column 1 (Fig. 3) is raised by an amount h2, the h1 is the same, after which one <<->> into one of the boreholes << / Cone 6 >> lowers and temporarily with / lower q end of the tubular column 1 rigidly connects.

Then the inner cavity of the tubular column 1 becomes the one with / remaining Filled concrete mixture, the amount of which is sufficient for the erection of the pile shaft is; man / @ hermetically from >> one the upper end of column 1 with the help / cover 7 @ and unified one binds the inner cavity by means of / connector 8 and / hose 9 who column with a compressed air source (not shown in the drawing).

After performing the above operations, one begins to spread to form in the lower part of the hole.

For this, the vibrator 2 is switched on and the tubular column with it the mentioned power mechanism then arrow "A") edited.

This lowers the tubular column and presses the concrete mix into the wall of the drill hole.

This results in intensive deformation and compaction of the soil on the total area of its contact with the originally introduced concrete mix and an equally intense compression of them.

After the foot enlargement has been formed, the lowering of the column 1 set, and you begin to design the pile shaft.

For this, the inner cavity of the tubular column 1 (Fig.5) is through the hose 9 and the nozzle 8 are supplied with compressed air. At the same time be the pillar 1 <Schwingungsbees wegungen> issued by means of the vibrator 2 <->, and you give it a / and forwards force displacement along the axis C with the help of the mentioned power mechanism, by simultaneous action of compressed air, shaking @ and reciprocating displacements of the column 1 on the pile material at Pull out -one of the column. from the borehole / compaction of the concrete mix, their pressing into the subsoil and the sealing of the soil around the pile. After / formation of the pile shaft and pulling out the tubular column 1 is the supply of air to the tubular column 1 set and the pressure within the same to the atmospheric pressure.

After that, the equipment becomes the place of erection of the next stake transported.

To increase the strength of the pile shaft after use of the cone 6 (Fig.3) is in the tubular column 1 before pouring the second Portion of the concrete mixture usually a reinforcement frame 10 is used.

From the description it can be seen that the proposed method the erection of in-place piles with a high load-bearing capacity in <-> with a wide Area of physical-mechanical properties, soil as it occurs in construction objects, secures, including piles with a large diameter for the / intake extremely higher, so-called for point loads / foundation of a building are calculated.

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIM Procedure for erecting in-place piles with a widening in lower part by formation <-> in the ground <of a borehole>, lowering of a Jacketed column in the Bohrloc @ subsequent feeding of pile material into the Previously cleaned of earth cavity of the Mante / @ Rohrsänle and compaction of the material in the borehole by means of compressed air when pulling out the casing pipe under seal the same hermetic / from above, d a d r c to h g e k e iL n -z e i c h n e t that the feed of pile material into the cavity of the tubular column (1) in takes place in two stages, initially with material in one for the formation of a pile widening required amount, then the tubular column (1) by an amount (h2) raised, which corresponds to the height (h1) of the previously fed material, and with the remaining material is filled, which is the amount for / construction of the pile shaft sufficient and is, / whereby the design of the foot widening of the stake through Kraftab lowering of the tubular column (1) filled with iateriaI takes place, the oscillatory movements are granted, and the design of the stake by reciprocating Force shift of the tubular column (1) in the direction of its longitudinal axis under the same time The column is shaken and pressure is applied to the pile material.