DE2517687C2 - MECHANICAL POWER AMPLIFIER, IN PARTICULAR FOR A MACHINE VICE - Google Patents

Description

(12, 12 ', 12 ") has a cam-like bulge (33, 33', 33") with which the Angle lever on the cam-like bulge of the second angle lever (7) or on the Wall (34 ', 34 ") of a housing (Γ, 1") is supported.

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characterized in that the counter surface (21, 21 ', 21 ") cooperating with the cylindrical roller (70, 2C, 20") by spring force (25, 25') in contact with the cylindrical roller and the latter in contact with the siutznacne (19, 19 ', 19 ") of the angle lever (7, T, 7") .

3. Booster according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in a cylindrical Housing (1) the two angle levers (7) with the "backs of their long lever arms (8) each other facing and facing away from each other with their short lever arms (9) are arranged that in the Housing two abutment pieces (14) with mating surfaces (13) are provided on which the short Support lever arms (9) and that the two angle levers are interposed with one each Support the cylindrical roller (20) on a common secondary link (5, 22), with the primary link (3)

45

60 two facing wedge surfaces (10) are provided (Fig. 1-3), the support surface (19,19 ', Ϊ9 ") on the middle part (18,18', 18") of the angle lever (7, 7 ', 7 " ) when the power amplifier is relaxed opposite to the direction of movement (A) of the primary member (3, 3 ', 3 ") is arranged so that the cylinder roller rests on one opposing surface and is moved to the other opposing surface when the power amplifier is in the tensioned position.

4. Booster according to claim 3, characterized in that the abutment pieces (14) have a 'Have segment-shaped cross-section that on the side surfaces (16) running parallel to the plane of movement of the angle lift! (7) filler pieces (17) with segment-shaped cross-section are provided and that the secondary member (5, 22) one in the Hollow cylinder (1) guided, the opposite surface (21} carrying piston (5), which is with his the mating surfaces (21) facing away from the side Disc springs (25) supported (Fig. 1 - 3}

5. Booster according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the cylindrical Housing (1 ') the two angle levers (7') with the back of their long lever arms (8 ') each other facing away and with their short lever arms (9 ') are arranged facing each other that in the In the middle of the housing a common abutment piece (14 '} is provided and is connected to the housing via a housing cover (15') that to both sides of the abutment piece primary members (3 ') with from the axis of symmetry to the outside directed wedge surfaces (10 ') are provided and that the secondary member (5') has two opposing surfaces (21 ') bearing piston (22'), on which the angle lever with the interposition of each support a cylindrical roller (20 '), between the side facing away from the mating surfaces (21') of the Piston (22 ') and a further housing cover (26') disc springs (25 ') are arranged (Fig. 4 + 5).

6. Power amplifier according to claim 1, characterized in that the two Wir.kelhebel (7 ") with the back in the hollow cylindrical housing (1") their long lever arms (8 ") facing away from each other nnrl. -nit ik »» n ieur-r & n Hphplarmpn / Q ") oinanrl *» »

are arranged facing that between the two angle levers as a secondary link a tie rod (5 ") with a widened head (29) is provided, which carries the mating surfaces (30) on which the short lever arms are supported ttit their rolling surfaces (12") that on a ? r, ds of the housing a housing cover {Zi) is provided as an abutment, which has two opposing surfaces (21 ") on which the angle levers are supported with the interposition of a cylindrical roller (20") and through which the tie rod is passed, and that a common primary member (3 ") with wedge surfaces (10") directed outward from the axis of symmetry is provided between the two long lever arms.

The invention relates to a mechanical ...

stronger, especially for a machine vice, '" with two mirror-inverted angle levers, each with a long lever arm, the one with; one provided on a movable primary link, ' inclined to the direction of movement of the same

Wedge surface cooperates, and have a short lever arm, which on a in the direction of movement of the Primary member movable secondary member acts - or is supported on an abutment - wherein the Angle lever on its middle part connecting the two lever arms facing away from the wedge surface Has support surface with which the angle lever with the interposition of a cylindrical roller on an abutment - or a secondary member movable in the direction of movement of the primary member is supported.

In such machanischen boosters, in which the power transmission takes place on one side by the opposite to the direction of movement of the wedge inclined wedge surface and on the other hand urch the different lengths Hebeiarme the Wink ^ enel, there are two structurally somewhat vocieL ^ n ^: ^ different types, but after the ρ · ~ * -.? Γ..η principle and differ only through gej ,: .jateral interchange of the arrangement of the ^ '"/ krtager and the secondary member, ν is (from US-PS 23 35 743) a μ mechanical booster, in which as an abutment for each angle lever has a rigidly arranged in the housing axis diuit about this axis is a cylindrical roller rotatably mounted the short lever arm of each angle lever engages via a further axis on a yoke-like, common to both angle lifting ¹ secondary member on. in displacement a primary link provided between the long lever arms of the angle jack, on which two wedge surfaces facing away from one another are provided nd, the yoke-like secondary member is moved opposite to the direction of movement of the primary member. The secondary member is thus drawn into the housing in which the angle levers are arranged during the power stroke. It is connected to the movable jaw of a vice with a joist via a tie rod.

In another (from US-PS 24 43 775) known mechanical power amplifier is each The angle lever is pivotably mounted in its central part about an axis rigidly arranged in the housing short lever arm of each angle lever carries a rotatable about an axis provided on the short lever arm Cylindrical roller. The latter acts on one secondary member each, which, when one is moved, has two keiifi surfaces having primary member in the same direction how the primary link is moved, each of the two Secondary links act on the movable jaw of a vice.

In both known mechanical power amplifiers, two axles are provided for each angle lever, one of which is used to support the cylindrical roller and the other of which the angle lever is articulated. These axles are exposed to considerable forces and are therefore subject to heavy wear. Since they can only be loaded to a limited extent, the known mechanical force amplifiers are either large in size or only relatively low clamping forces can be achieved with them. In addition, the axles mentioned above increase the number of individual parts required and thus the manufacturing and assembly costs. Ultimately, however, the transmission ratio of the force amplifier, once determined by the design, cannot be changed, or can only be changed with great difficulty.

It is also known (cf. DT-PS 23 08 175) a toggle lever power booster with three toggle lever pairs arranged symmetrically to the central axis of the power booster. VW end surfaces of all toggle levers are convexly curved and the support surfaces of the abutment and the thrust bearing are convex or flat so that the end surfaces and the support surfaces theoretically roll against one another with linear contact without slipping. Such a toggle lever force booster, however, consists of a relatively large number of one-time parts which must be manufactured with high precision so that an even load distribution is achieved across all three toggle lever pairs. In addition, in this known toggle booster, the transmission ratio can only be changed with great difficulty, and most of the parts have to be changed. A toggle lever power booster differs so much in structure and mode of operation from a power booster with an angle lever that the structural measures known for a toggle lever power booster cannot easily be applied to an angle lever power booster with the same effect.

The invention is therefore based on the object of a mechanical power amplifier, in particular for Machine screwdriver, of the type mentioned at the beginning to create that is simpler in structure, has fewer individual parts, is cheaper to manufacture, a small one Has size, works with little wear and, if necessary, the transmission ratio is easy is changeable

This is achieved according to the invention in that

a) the short lever arm has a convex curve on its outside facing the wedge surface Rolling surface with perpendicular to the plane of motion of the angle lever has extending surface lines, with which he is on a flat, the Opposite surface of the secondary member - or the abutment - facing away from the wedge surface supports that

b) the cylinder roller is freely movable and is attached to a.; he Opposite surface of the abutment - or of the secondary member - is supported that

c) the opposite surface in the direction of the rolling movement of the cylindrical roller by one rolling movement each limiting paragraph with respect to the axis of symmetry the transmission ratio of the Power amplifier is vorbeslimmbar and that

d) each Winkeihebei on its back facing away from the wedge surface approximately at the level of Rolling surface has a cam-like bulge with which the angle lever on the cam-like bulge of the second angle! hebeis or supported on the wall of a housing.

No need for the new mechanical power amplifier any axes. This makes it easier to manufacture and assemble. All strong loaded cooperating parts roll with line contact stihlnnffrpi aiifoinanHer, so that the Friction and thus wear can be reduced to a minimum.

The rolling surfaces of the short lever arms roll on the associated mating surfaces, as does the ZyJinderwalzen on the support surfaces of the angle lever or the opposite mating surfaces. The omission of the axes also increases the overall size significantly reduced or can be reduced with the same size compared to known mechanical force insulators achieve a significantly higher clamping force of this type. So that the predetermined gear ratio of the power amplifier in the event of any unpredictable strong vibrations that a Could cause displacement of the cylindrical rollers,

not changed, is the opposite surface on which the Support the cylinder rollers in the direction of the rolling movement of the cylinder roller on both sides by one each Rolling motion limiting paragraph limited. These shoulders prevent the cylinder rollers from moving beyond the paragraph and determine through the inevitable stop that both roles in the same The distance to the central axis remains and is effective. By following the paragraphs from the central axis more or less are moved outside, it is also possible in a relatively simple way to change the transmission ratio des power booster «to change. If run here is. that the cylinder roller can move freely. this is intended to express that the The cylindrical roller does not rotate around a specific fixed axis or an Achsbol / cn, but only around its own Longitudinal axis. During the rolling motion of the cylindrical roller on the opposing surface, this initial axis is shifted.

lime further expedient arrangement exists in that the counter surface cooperating with the cylindrical roller by spring force in contact with the Cylindrical roller and the latter in contact with the support surface of the bell crank to prevent unwanted movement of the cylinder roller with respect to the one with it to prevent interacting surfaces. In addition, the spring force also causes the angle hooks in held in their correct position.

Further advantageous configurations emerge from subclaims 3 to 6.

The invention is based on several in the Exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing are explained below. It shows

able. 1 a first exemplary embodiment of the new one Power amplifier in combination with a spindle of a machine vice.

Fig. 2 is an axial section through the first embodiment example in a slightly modified version tion and on a larger scale.

Fig. 3 is a cross section along the line IH-III of Fig. 2.

4 shows a second exemplary embodiment in the axial section.

5 shows a cross section along the line V-V in FIG. 4.

I ι g. 6 shows a third exemplary embodiment in the axial section. Fig. 7 shows a cross section along the line ViI-VII in FIG. 6th

F i g. 8 and 9 options for changing the gear ratio.

In all of the exemplary embodiments, the new power amplifier is arranged in a cylindrical housing, as this is the easiest to manufacture and also has the smallest overall dimensions, so that the power amplifier is particularly suitable for Linsat / machine vices. The cylindrical housing is denoted by 1 and is firmly connected to the threaded spindle 2 of a machine vice. A screw spindle 4 or any other mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic drive device which is suitable for exerting a force in the direction of movement A of the primary element 3 can serve to drive the primary element 3. In the same direction as the primary member 3, the secondary member 5 is movable, the movements of Pnmärglicd 3 and secondary member 5 can be in the same direction, as is the case in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 or in opposite directions, as in the embodiment shown in Figs. 6 and 7 is the case. The secondary glicd 5 acts on a pressure bolt 6 arranged in the hollow spindle 2, which in turn can interact with the movable clamping jaw of a machine screw. The embodiment of the power amplifier shown on an enlarged scale in FIG. 2 corresponds in all essential details to the embodiment shown in FIG. The only difference is the termination of the housing Γ by means of the

ίο both lids 15,26,

In the housing I are a mirror image of its axis two Winkelhcbcl 7 with the 'backs of their long Lever arms 8 arranged facing each other. The short lever arms 9 of these Winkelhcbel 7 are each other turned away, d. H. directed outwards. On the primary link J there are also mirror images of the axis direction two wedge surfaces 10 are provided which face each other zugewandi are and with the arcuately curved Surfaces 11 of the long lever arms 8 interact.

leather short lever arm 9 wcisl on its outer side facing the wedge surface 10 a convexly curved rolling surface 12. with manual lines running perpendicular to the plane of movement of the angle lever 7. With the F1 g. I and 2 fills the plane of movement of the angle lever 7 with the drawing surface, so that the outer lines of the convexly curved rolling surfaces 12 extend perpendicular to the drawing surface together. The abutment gap 14 have, as shown in F1 g. 3 can be seen. a segment-shaped cross-section. With their end facing away from the glass surfaces 13, they are supported on a cover 15 screwed to the housing. In the housing I, the angle levers 7 filler pieces 17 with a scgmcnl-shaped cross section are also provided on the side surfaces 16 running parallel to the plane of movement.

leather of the two Winkelhcbcl points to the back of the long lever arm facing away from the wedge surface 10 8 has a cam-like bulge 33 approximately at the level of the rolling surface 12. That bulge 33 is expediently designed as a convexly curved rolling surface. The two angle levers 7 are also supported their cam-like bulges from each other and roll when the primary member 3 is actuated with their Bulges 33 from one another.

leather of the two angle jacks! 7 has a middle part 18 which connects the two lever arms 8 and 9 to one another. At which the wedge surface 10 abg'-facing side of the central part 18 has a support surface 19 with which it is to a certain extent movable fret cylindrical roller 20 supported These cylindrical roller 20 is supported in turn on a flat mating surface 21 äes

Secondary link 5 from. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the secondary member 5 has a piston 22 guided into the cylinder 1. the two counter-surfaces 21 carries the counter surfaces 21 are in their direction perpendicular to the moving direction A of the primary member on both sides by a respective shoulder 23 and 24 is limited. On the side facing away from the mating surfaces 21, the piston 22 is supported on disk springs 25, which in turn are supported on the threaded spindle 2 or on a further cover 26 connected to the cylinder 1. The disc springs 25 keep the mating surfaces 21 in contact with the cylindrical rollers 20 and the latter in contact with the support surfaces 19. As a result, the angle levers 7 with their rolling surfaces 12 are also in contact

held on the abutment pieces 14.

The assembly of the individual parts of the new power amplifier is very easy. The individual parts are simply introduced into the cylindrical housing 1 one after the other in the correct order. Since there is no need to adhere to tight tolerances, this can be done without difficulty and in a very short time. In the drawing is in the F1 g. 2, 4 and 6 of the power amplifier shown on the right in the relaxed state and on the left in the tensioned state. If the primary member 3 is moved in direction A , the long lever arms 8 are pivoted towards each other. The short lever arms roll with their rolling surfaces 12 on the opposing surfaces 13 without any slippage / wiping between the cooperating surfaces. The cylindrical rollers 20 roll on the support surface 19 and the counter surface 21. Here, too, there is no slip and no friction worth mentioning. Wear at these points is therefore practically impossible. Only between the curved surfaces H of the long lever arms and the wedge surfaces 10 of the primary link 3 does a certain amount of friction occur. However, since the forces are still relatively low here, the friction and the associated wear are also low. If permitted by the space and Kraftverhältmsse, one could arrange a rotatable roll around an axis in a known manner at ^f reien end of the long lever arms. 8

As can be seen in particular from FIG. 2, the support surface 19 on the central part 18 of the angle lever is inclined with respect to the direction of movement A of the primary member 3 when the power amplifier is relaxed. As a result of this inclination and the force of the disc springs 25, the cylindrical roller 20 is held in its correct position when the force booster is relaxed and in contact with the shoulder 24 of the opposing surface 21. During the subsequent movement of the primary member in direction A , each of the two cylindrical rollers 20 can therefore roll outward on its mating surface 21, the predetermined transmission ratio being established.

If you want to change the transmission ratio, this is possible with the new booster by means of relatively simple measures. As can be seen from the Fi g. 8 and 9, the transmission ratio achieved by the angle lever 7 is '= L: K ί or /' = L: K 2. Only by offsetting the counter surface 21 and its stops 23 and 24 on the secondary member 5 inwards or outwards the gear ratio / can be changed over a wide range without the change being required for any other parts of the booster.

The booster shown in Fig. 4 and 5 works in principle in the same way as the one described above

Power booster. Parts with the same function are therefore denoted by the same reference numerals with the addition of an index line. In order to avoid repetition, these parts are therefore not described again and the above description can also be applied analogously to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. In this embodiment, the two angle levers 7 'are arranged in the cylindrical housing Γ such that the backs of their long lever arms 8' face away from one another and the short lever arms 9 'face one another. A common abutment piece 14 'is provided in the middle of the housing 1' and is connected to the housing 1 'via the housing cover 15'. On both sides of the abutment piece 14 'are primary elements 3' with wedge surfaces 10 ', wherein the two primary elements 3' are interconnected by a yoke 28 Upon movement of the yoke 28 in the direction A, the long lever arms 8 'of the angle levers T moved outwards and their short lever arms 9 'push the secondary link 5' with increased force in the same direction. In this embodiment and the embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the angle levers T are supported with their cam-like bulges 33 'on the housing wall 34.

In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, in contrast to the exemplary embodiments described above, no increased compressive force but rather a tensile force is generated, ie the secondary member 5 "moves in the opposite direction to the primary member 3". All parts with the same function are here designated with the same reference numerals, but with the addition of two subscripts. In the cylindrical housing 1 ", the angle levers 7" are arranged so that their short lever arms 9 "face each other "a pull rod with a widened head 29 is provided. The head 29 carries mating surfaces 30 on which the rolling surfaces 12 ″ of the short lever arms 9 ″ are supported. At one end of the housing 1 "a Gehfcusedeckel 31 is provided as an abutment, on which the Winkelhebei 7" are supported with their support surfaces 19 "with the interposition of a cylindrical roller 20". The corresponding opposing surfaces of the abutment are designated by 21 ″. The pull rod 5 ″ is passed through a bore 32 in the housing cover 31. Between the two lever arms 8 "a common primary member is 3""is provided. In the case of movement of this primary part in the direction A, the long lever arms 8 are" with outwardly facing wedge surfaces 10 dt angle lever 7 "pivoted outwardly and dis drawbar 5 'is thus in opposite direction B moves

For this purpose 4 sheets of drawings

709816/410

Claims (1)

Patent claims: 1.Mechanical power amplifier especially for fine machine vices, with two angle levers arranged in mirror image to one another, each having a long lever arm that cooperates with a wedge surface provided on a movable primary member and running obliquely to the direction of movement of the same, and a short lever arm that points to a moving direction acts on the primary member movable secondary member _; - or is supported on an abutment - where - * the angled lever on its middle part connecting the two lever arms has a support surface facing the wedge surface, with which the angled lever, with the interposition of a cylindrical roller on an abutment - or a movable in the direction of movement of the primary lever - secondary member supported - marked by "zeic'i iet that a) the short lever arm (9, 9 ', 9 ") on its outside facing the wedge surface (10, 10', 10") has a convexly curved rolling surface (12, 12 ', 12 ") with perpendicular to the movement of the i $ Angle lever (7, 7 ', 7 ") has extending surface lines with which it is on a flat, opposite surface facing away from the wedge surface (30, 13, 13') of the secondary member (5") - or the abutment (14, 14 ') - supports that b) c'i cylindrical roller (20, 20 ', 20 ") is freely movable and is supported on a mating surface (21, 21', 21") of the abutment {3i) - or the secondary member (5, 5 '), dr 3 c) the mating surface (21, JV, 21 ") in the direction of the rolling movement of the cylinder roller (20, 20 ', 20") by a respective shoulder (23, 24; 23', 24 '; 23 ", 24") that limits the rolling movement ) With respect to the axis of symmetry, the transmission ratio of the force amplifier can be predetermined and that d) each angle lever (7, T, 7 ") on its back facing away from the wedge surface (10, 10 ', 10")