DE2508987A1 - Multizonal fibre distribution - of interlining material having non-woven fibres web - Google Patents

Abstract

An interlining material comprises a non-woven web of fibres the area of which comprises first zones having a uniform fibre content and adjacent zones of different fibre content which merge into one another.

Description

Non-woven fabric and process for its manufacture A nonwoven fabric typically must have a uniform fiber density about its width and it is especially important that there are no random differences in fiber density. Processes and machines for manufacturing became accordingly Developed from non-woven fabrics with the aim of achieving perfect uniformity to result over the entire width. For example, in one known method carded a non-woven fabric to form a substantially uniform non-woven fabric and this is then folded on itself with a cross-layer to form a fiber distribution to result in evenly across the width of the fleece, but not tangled through its Thick, instead it's laminar.

Machines like those sold under the name "Rando-Webber" produce a flat structure across its width in a single operation is even, provided the machine is fed fairly evenly and in which the fibers are arranged randomly, but with a certain tendency to Orientation towards the machine or sometimes to some extent in Direction of the machine.

Nonwoven and other interlining materials used to be common uniform properties over their area, but lately there is a demand occurred after multizonal deposits, i.e. after materials spread over their surfaces Have zones with different properties, especially stiffness and grip.

These allow a single piece of interlining material in an item of clothing to use, for example in a garment such as a coat or a Jacket that has inserts with different properties in different areas require.

A suitable multizonal insert should be a voluminous, firm one Have a rounded effect over the chest part of a coat or jacket, with good rolling properties the length of the garment down.

It is known to make nonwoven fabrics by attaching fibrous Reinforce reinforcement, for example by using wires on the surface, but by doing this the required multizonal change in volume is not achieved and it it can also be quite difficult to secure them in place.

A method of making a sheet that has a variable Fiber content across its width is disclosed in British Patent Specification No. 928,270, which relates to a method for producing nonwovens.

So is the fabric in this example. generally pretty be thick and there are probably several flat structures placed on top of one another to form a fleece to manufacture.

The requirements for the production of a fleece are very clear different from those used in the manufacture of an insert, since the latter has a higher one Requires a degree of surface smoothness and uniformity.

Any gross flaw in the surface would make them eligible for use as a Make the insert unusable.

Perhaps that's why, as far as we know, no one ever has one Satisfactory insert proposed that have a variable fiber content over their Width has.

According to the invention, an insert material comprises a non-woven fabric of fibers the surface of which contains first zones, each of which is essentially one Has a uniform fiber content and in which adjacent zones merge.

As a result of the fact that the zones have different fiber content are multizonal changes in properties, such as rigidity and grip, but as a result of the fact that the zones merge there is no sudden and unacceptable change in properties and of appearance at any point.

Each of the zones is generally at least 10 cm wide, for example 15 cm or more. The width of the area in which adjacent zones merge, is usually at least 3 cm and usually between 5 and 10 cm or more. So there is a mixture of fiber contents in this area, whereby the mixture across the width of the transition area from a fiber content zone to the fiber content the next zone changes.

The difference in fiber content can make using different Containing quantities of the same fiber or fiber mixture in adjacent zones, however in general, it is preferred that adjacent zones have different fibers or fiber blends contain.

For example, the difference can be in length, denier or chemical Composition of the fiber consist.

Any fiber normally used for the manufacture of insoles nonwoven fabrics used can also be used in the invention will. Fibers in adjacent zones can be colored differently.

The insert material is preferably in the form of a continuous length or it is cut from such, in which case the zone is in will extend the longitudinal or machine direction. Preferably the fibers have in the sheet a tendency to orientation in the longitudinal direction, because this is the Liner properties improved when used for a cross-machine direction jacket is cut.

The insert can be made from continuous filaments or from staple fibers will. For example, filaments can be drawn continuously from a spinneret a carrier material can be spun, with the nozzle sometimes being spun during the spinning is moved in such a way that the fabric that is deposited on the carrier material, has the desired multizonal fiber distribution. For example, could be a single linear spinneret can be used, which delivers coarser threads in the center of the line than at the ends of the line and it can be moved during spinning so that there is a merging between the zone of coarser threads and the outer ones There are zones of finer threads.

However, the planar structure is preferably formed from staple fibers. Different methods of making a fabric with the specific multizonal Fiber distribution can be used. For example, two pre-formed Fabrics are placed one on top of the other in an arrangement that provides that the resulting fabric has zones of different fiber content. For example a narrow sheet can be placed centrally over a wider sheet or two flat structures of essentially the same width can be offset be placed.

If not, as described below, follow-up treatment for education a transition zone between adjacent zones is provided, it is necessary that the edges of such Flat structure loosened up sufficiently so that the desired transition zone is present. For example, has a Fleece that comes from a carding machine, a Rando-Webber or another fleece former comes, generally a sufficiently fluffed edge so that when it comes on Another fleece is placed, the different zones merge into one another.

However, if a fleece is laid crosswise on top of another fleece, then a deliberate step may be required to ensure that the desired. Merging is achieved. There is no need of preformed fleece to go out. For example, a multizonal fabric in a single Work step can be formed by carding different in a fleece-laying Fiber amounts across the width of the card, for example through each other independently fed funnels across the card. Similar to a pneumatic one Fleece formers are used, which have a variable air flow through the compaction drum so as to give a zonal distribution of the fibers.

It is generally necessary especially when the multizonal Sheetlike structure is formed from preformed nonwovens, the fibers of adjacent ones Mix layers to prevent delamination. For example, could the multizonal fabric is needled by passing it through a conventional one Needle loom.

A particularly preferred method of the invention includes forming a laminar sheet-like structure made of two or more nonwovens, the area of the The sheet includes first zones, each of which is a substantially uniform one Fiber composition and in which adjacent first zones have different fiber contents and then Confusion of the fiber distribution through the fabric, which ensures that the first zones merge into one another.

The laminar fleece can thus be produced by placing it on top of a conventional uniform fleece from one or more other conventional ones uniform fleece on part or parts of the surface area of only the first non-woven fabric so as to form a composite non-woven fabric which is a laminar Has structure due to its thickness and then the composite fleece becomes tangled until the fiber distribution is uniform through the thickness of the resulting product.

This step also has the advantage that it helps orient the fibers promotes in the longitudinal direction of the fabric.

The starting webs can be preformed webs or they can can be formed in place in the composite web. You can through their Thickness have a tangled fiber distribution or one or more of them can have a laminar construction themselves. For example, one or more Nonwovens can be formed on a machine such as the Rando-Webber. Preferably be however, one or more of the nonwovens are produced on a card.

For example, when two nonwovens are processed into one sheet a fleece can be guided in the longitudinal direction of the fabric while the other fleece is placed on the first fleece with a cross-layer or vice versa reverses, or both can be laid in the longitudinal direction of the fabric or preferably both of a transverse layer in the width direction of the sheet be laid, i.e. they are laid across.

After the composite fleece has been formed, the fiber distribution becomes confused by being routed through any suitable apparatus. The operation of the Entangling the fibers through the thickness of the sheet necessarily involves the displacement of the fibers to a certain extent by the width of the fabric and this has the advantage; that any abrupt change in fiber content that otherwise between one zone and the next could have occurred is avoided.

Methods of confusion that can be used can be mechanical Include methods in which the assembled web is restructured, for example through contact with carding wire or needles that are lengthways move the fleece or the composite fleece can be broken open and with air be laid, for example using methods similar to those used by the Starting nonwovens can be made provided the air flow has not too much spreading of the fibers result.

A suitable apparatus is the Proctor Isomizer System, as used for Example described in Proctor and Schwartz Inc. Bulletin 549-1 / 72.

Another suitable apparatus is a Garnett machine.

This can contain a single drum and a comb roller and can, but does not have to contain a confusing roller, similar to the Isomizer roller in the Proctor apparatus described above. Another suitable device would be the Rando-Webber, with the Rando-Feeder removed and the composite fleece straight into the Machine would be directed.

Another piece of equipment that can be used is the duo former machine, which is manufactured by Proctor and Schwartz Inc. The composite fleece will into the entrance end of the machine, which is actually a modified Garnett which has a confusing device at the exit end to avoid confusion to effect.

The process of confusing generally involves mixing the Fibers through the thickness of the fabric result, so that each original laminar structure is destroyed.

However, a machine like the Proctor Isomizer can also use the Split tangled structure into two layers for further confusion, and they then reunite so that the final tangled structure is laminar Can regain nature.

A suitable method of making the fleece is shown as a diagram shown in Figure 1 of the accompanying drawings.

A primary fleece 1 is produced in it in a conventional manner, in which fibers are passed from a filling device lo into a card or garnet 2 are, whereby the resulting fleece is produced; by using a cross-layer 12 is laid across and a secondary fleece 3 is made by passing coarser Fibers from a filling device 11 into a card or garnet 4 and forms a secondary fleece from the resulting fleece by means of a cross-layer 13, which places it on part of the primary fleece.

The composite fleece, which consists of the laminar fleece 3, which lies on the laminar fleece 1 is then processed by a Garnett machine or directed another confusing device 5 so as to form a fleece which, as shown, has outer thin zones 7, a thick zone 8 and intermediate zones 9, in which the fiber weight gradually increases from the weight in zone 8 to the weight in zone 7 falls.

The transition zones 9 can be up to about lo cm wide and the entire The width of the sheet is of course determined by the width of the incoming laminar Depending on the fabric, which in turn depends on the width of the confusing machine must be in proportion.

The resulting unbound fabric or fleece can then on be tied conventionally, for example by impregnation with any suitable binder, which is then conventionally applied can be dried and hardened. As is known, is the application of binder normally carried out so that uniform amounts of binder over the Width of the sheet can be achieved, but is preferred in the invention the binder applied with a non-uniform multizonal distribution as described in our parallel application 9438/74.

The surface of the fabric can thus contain second zones, from each of which has a substantially uniform binder content, with adjacent Zones have a different binder content. This neighboring second Zones can also merge into one another. Preferably the binders are in adjacent Zones colored differently. The binder can be printed on, but preferably is it sprayed on or, better still, is it applied with a doctor blade.

So you can easily impregnate after you have viscous or foamed Binder compound was doctored onto the nonwoven fabric while the Flat structure passes through between a support surface and an application device, wherein the application device contains a container with the binder compound, wherein the container is divided into at least two sections by a partition, what flow of binder compound from one section to an adjacent one Section prevented or restricted to a limited amount. the first and second zones can, but need not, coincide. So can the change of the binder content may be at a different point than the change in the fiber content.

The binding of the multizonal fabric made of fibers can take place its or additionally can be achieved by going into at least one of the first Zones including fusible fibers that are fused by heating can be used to connect the fibers in this zone. For example, can Two-component fibers with fusible sheath can be used.

The insert can be conveniently placed in a jacket or other item of clothing be placed, for example by stapling or gluing. So can according to the invention Deposits over part or all of their surface, but usually only wear thermoplastic binder on one side to make them fusible close. The thermoplastic binder is generally considered to be discontinuous Cover sprinkled on, sprayed or printed.

Any suitable insert binder and application method can be used be used. The binder can be applied evenly or it can also have a multizonal distribution. So can the area of the fabric too third zones each contain a substantially uniform coating of binder and in which adjacent third zones have different binder coatings.

As mentioned, the first zones preferably extend in the longitudinal direction and the second zones (binders) and / or the third zones as well. In turn the third zones can coincide with the first, but they do not have to.

As an example of the invention it is when using an apparatus as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, a 19o cm to produce wide fabrics, the one in the center, 1 m wide Area has a weight of for example 90 g / m2 - of which 40 g 20 den.

May be nylon fibers, with the remainder being made up of finer fibers from 3 to 8 den. consists. The outer margins, each about 18 inches wide, would in each case consist of about 50 g / m2 from only the finer components. The gradation between the light, thin areas and the heavier central areas not sharply delineated due to the tendency of the fibers to move towards the machine, which treats the fabric to move laterall.

This fabric can then be passed through an impregnation system as described in Figure 5 of copending application No. 9438/74. So it can be passed through the gap between an applicator roller and a backup roller and foamed binder compound can be provided at the gap. Four Partition walls can be provided, one on each side of Zone 9.

A first binder compound can then be directed to each of the zones 7 a second foamed binder to zone 8 and a third binder compound, which is often a mixture of the first and the second, or at least is so designed that it gives properties intermediate between those of the first and the second, can then be directed to the zones 9.

Particularly suitable are a binder compound and method such as described in the example of parallel application No. 9438/74.

Alternatively, the partitions can separate one binder from another separate, be offset from the edges of the fiber zones 7, 8 and 9, so that the multizonal Distribution of binder is different from the multizonal fiber distribution.

In a preferred system, for example, only two partitions, whereby only three zones are provided, and the transition areas are provided by allowing the binder to pass over the partition to flow.

The nonwoven pads of the invention are particularly valuable if they are used in the manufacture of clothing such as jackets, where different reinforcement properties are required in different places are.

Usually this was done by using two or more pieces achieved by insert materials, but through a suitable choice of binder zones it is now possible to manufacture such garments by making a single The insert takes all or part of the reinforcement.

Figure 2 of the accompanying drawings shows in a diagram how inlay patterns on a layer of multizonal material 15 to mark, such as the Insert must be cut. The material consists of zones 7, 9, 8, 9 and 7th

The properties such as volume and stiffness of zone 9 are between those of zones 7 and 8, with zones 8 being the most rigid and bulky. In practice, the patterns would normally be laid out so that the transition zone 9 falls directly under the top button of the insert on the front of the jacket.

If desired, the insert can be made using conventional methods such as calendering and slitting.

Claims: Inlay material consisting of a non-woven Flat structure made of fibers, characterized in that the flat structure has zones with a substantially uniform fiber content and adjacent zones with a different fiber content, the zones merging into one another.

2. Insert according to claim 1, characterized in that the adjacent Zones contain different fibers.

3. Insert according to claim 1-2, characterized in that the sheet-like structure second zones each having a substantially uniform binder content and in which adjacent zones have different binder contents.

4. Insert according to one of claims 1-3, characterized by a discontinuous adhesive coating.

5. Insert according to claim 4, characterized in that the sheet-like structure third contains zones, each of which has a substantially uniform coating of adhesive and in the adjacent third zones have different adhesive coatings.

6. Insert according to one of claims 1 - 5, characterized in that that the first and optionally the second and / or third zone extends in the longitudinal direction extend.

7. Insert according to claim 6, characterized in that the fibers are oriented essentially in the longitudinal direction.

Claims (1)

8. Insert according to one of claims 1 - 7, characterized draws that it consists of staple fibers. 9. Insert according to claim 8, characterized in that the sheet-like structure is a non-needled sheet, the fibers in the sheet being a have essentially confused distribution through its thickness. lo. Insert according to Claim 8, characterized in that the flat structure is needled. 11. Insert according to one of claims 1 - 7, characterized in that that the fabric contains continuous filaments. 12. Insert according to one of claims 1-11, characterized in that that the sheet-like structure contains binding fibers in at least one zone. 13. A method of making a liner according to claim 9 for formation a laminar sheet-like structure made of two or more nonwovens made of staple fibers, wherein the area of the sheet includes first zones, each of which is substantially has uniform fiber content and in which adjacent first zones differ Have fiber content and then confuse the fiber distribution through the surface structure, this ensures that the first zones merge into one another. 14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the laminar Flat structure made of two or more nonwovens is made by laying one on top of the other of preformed fleece. 15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the webs be laid across. L e r s e i t e