DE247938C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE247938C DE247938C DENDAT247938D DE247938DA DE247938C DE 247938 C DE247938 C DE 247938C DE NDAT247938 D DENDAT247938 D DE NDAT247938D DE 247938D A DE247938D A DE 247938DA DE 247938 C DE247938 C DE 247938C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- steam
- hardening
- boiler
- exhaust
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011455 calcium-silicate brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
- C04B40/024—Steam hardening, e.g. in an autoclave
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING
Vr 247938 KLASSE 806. GRUPPEVr 247938 CLASS 806. GROUP
Bei der Erhärtung von Kalksandformlingen durch hochgespannten Dampf in geschlossenen Räumen wird bisher in Fabiikbetrieben wäh-When hardening sand-lime moldings by high-pressure steam in closed Up to now, clearing has been selected in factories.
■v rend der ganzen, gewöhnlich iostündigen Härtedauer Frischdampf zugeleitet. Es wird also 'sowohl die Anwärmung als auch die Erhaltung des Dampfdruckes mit diesem teuren, hochgespannten Dampf ausgeführt. Die einzige Ersparnis, die zumeist üblich ist, besteht in der Verwendung des Dampfüberschusses eines Härtekessels, in dem die Härtung beendet ist, zur Einleitung der Vorwärmung eines eben frischgefüllten Härteraumes.■ v rend of the whole, usually 10 hours Hardening time live steam supplied. So it becomes' both warming and preservation the steam pressure is carried out with this expensive, high-tension steam. The only Saving, which is mostly common, consists in the use of excess steam a hardening kettle, in which hardening has ended, to initiate preheating a freshly filled hardening room.
Durch eingehende Versuche, bei denen Temperatur, Dampfverbrauch und Kondenswassermenge ermittelt wurden, hat die Erfinderin festgestellt, daß bei der Hochdruckhärtung drei verschiedene Phasen von ungleichmäßiger Dauer zu unterscheiden sind. Zuerst ist der Kessel nebst der Füllung auf ioo° C. zu erhitzen, dann folgt die Steigerung der Temperatur auf 170 bis 180 °, und in der letzten Phase, die die längste Dauer hat, die nämlichThrough in-depth experiments where temperature, steam consumption and amount of condensation water have been determined, the inventor has found that three different phases of non-uniform during high pressure curing Duration are to be distinguished. First, the kettle and the filling must be heated to 100 ° C. then the temperature is increased to 170 to 180 °, and in the last Phase that has the longest duration, namely
> etwa zweimal so lang als die ersten beiden zusammen währt, sind nur noch die Wärmeverluste durch Strahlung zu ersetzen. Die erste Periode mit etwa I1Z2 Stunden Dauer ist dadurch charakterisiert, daß sich der ganze eingeleitete Dampf kondensiert und die Formlinge sich mit Wasser sättigen. Auf Grund dieser Beobachtungen bedarf man des strömenden, wassersatten, hochgespannten Dampfes, also des teueren Mediums, unbedingt nur in der zweiten Periode, deren Dauer 1 bis ι V2 Stunden beträgt.> About twice as long as the first two together, only the heat losses need to be replaced by radiation. The first period of about 1 1/2 hours is characterized in that all of the steam introduced condenses and the briquettes become saturated with water. On the basis of these observations, the flowing, water-saturated, high-tension steam, that is to say the expensive medium, is absolutely necessary only in the second period, the duration of which is 1 to 1/2 hours.
Hieran knüpft die vorliegende Erfindung an, und sie besteht darin, den kostspieligen hoch-" gespannten Dampf ausschließlich in der zweiten Phase des Härtevorganges zu verwenden, dagegen zur Vorwärmung und zur Ausgleichung 40' der Strahlungsverluste billigere Dampf- und Hitzequellen zu nehmen.The present invention builds on this, and it consists in the costly high- " To use tensioned steam exclusively in the second phase of the hardening process, on the other hand to preheat and to compensate 40 'of the radiation losses cheaper steam and To take heat sources.
Das Ziel der Erfindung ist eben, die hochwertige Energiequelle nur möglichst kurze Zeit zu benutzen, im übrigen aber zur Härtung der Kalksandsteine die in der Kalksandsteinfabrik verfügbaren, hisher ungenutzten und verloren gegebenen Hitzemengen, Abdampf von der Maschine und Abgase des Dampfkessels zu verwenden, um so die weitgehendste Energieersparnis zu erreichen.The aim of the invention is to provide the high-quality energy source for as short a time as possible to use, but otherwise for hardening the sand-lime bricks in the sand-lime brick factory available, previously unused and lost amounts of heat, exhaust steam from the machine and exhaust gases from the steam boiler to use in order to achieve the greatest possible energy savings.
Das neue, durch außerordentliche Wirtschaftlichkeit ausgezeichnete Härteverfahren, bei dem Abdampf, Frischdampf und Kesselgase in der günstigsten Weise nacheinander wirken, gestaltet sich praktisch folgendermaßen.The new hardening process, which is extremely economical and in which Exhaust steam, live steam and boiler gases act one after the other in the most favorable way, designed practically as follows.
Für die Anheizung des Härtekessels bis zu ioo° C. dient der Abdampf der Betriebsmaschine. Dann folgt die Einleitung von frischem hochgespannten Sattdampf, und zwar so lange, bis der gewünschte Betriebsdruck und die entsprechende Temperatur im Härtekessel erreicht sind. Zur Ausgleichung der durch Strahlung und Leitung entstehendenThe steam from the operating machine is used to heat the hardening kettle up to 100 ° C. Then follows the introduction of fresh high-tension saturated steam until the desired operating pressure is reached and the corresponding temperature in the hardening kettle has been reached. To compensate for the arising from radiation and conduction
Wärme Verluste werden die Kesselabgase mittelbar oder unmittelbar verwertet. Am billigsten ist es, den Härtekessel mit einem Mantel zu versehen und durch diesen die Abgase des Dampfkessels zu leiten. Bei der indirekten j Ausnutzung wird Abdampf der Dampfmaschine oder Frischdampf mittels der Gase von der Kesselfeuerung überhitzt und der trockene Heißdampf in den Härtekessel geleitet. ImHeat losses, the boiler exhaust gases are directly or indirectly utilized. Cheapest is to provide the hardening boiler with a jacket and through this the exhaust gases of the Direct steam boiler. In the case of indirect j utilization, the steam engine is exhausted or live steam is superheated by the gases from the boiler and the dry one Superheated steam fed into the hardening kettle. in the
ίο letzteren Fall benötigt man nur sehr geringer Dampfmengen.ίο the latter case is only needed very little Steam quantities.
Die Erfindung hat den bemerkenswerten Vorteil, daß man etwa zwei Drittel von der bisher erforderlichen Dampfmenge spart.The invention has the notable advantage of being about two thirds of the saves the amount of steam previously required.
Von dem bekannten eingangs erwähnten Verfahren, den Dampfüberschuß eines abzublasenden Härtekessels in einen frischbeschickten überzuleiten, unterscheidet sich die Erfindung dadurch, daß dort nur eine geringe Menge Dampf verfügbar ist, nämlich die eines eben zu entleerenden Härtekessels, während Abdampf in größeren Mengen erhältlich und verwertbar ist.From the known method mentioned at the beginning of blowing off the excess steam Transferring hardening kettle to a freshly charged one, the invention differs in that only a small amount of steam is available there, namely that of a hardening kettle that is to be emptied while Exhaust steam is available and usable in larger quantities.
Claims (2)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE247938C true DE247938C (en) | 1900-01-01 |
Family
ID=506690
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DENDAT247938D Expired DE247938C (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE247938C (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE962052C (en) * | 1947-01-16 | 1957-04-18 | Owens Illinois Glass Co | Process for obtaining solid bodies by converting mixtures of solids which react with one another to form gel and a liquid by supplying heat from the vapor phase of the liquid and drying in one and the same reaction space |
-
0
- DE DENDAT247938D patent/DE247938C/de not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE962052C (en) * | 1947-01-16 | 1957-04-18 | Owens Illinois Glass Co | Process for obtaining solid bodies by converting mixtures of solids which react with one another to form gel and a liquid by supplying heat from the vapor phase of the liquid and drying in one and the same reaction space |
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