DE246598C

DE246598C -

Info

Publication number: DE246598C
Application number: DENDAT246598D
Authority: DE

Description

KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL

PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.

PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING

- -Ja 246598-KLASSE 65 d. GRUPPE - -Yes 246598- CLASS 65 d. GROUP

ANSCHÜTZ & CO. in NEUMÜHLEN b. KIEL. Kreiselapparat zum Steuern von Torpedos u. dgl. Patentiert im Deutschen Reiche vom 6. Januar 1911 ab.ANSCHÜTZ & CO. in NEUMÜHLEN b. KIEL. Gyroscope for controlling torpedoes and the like. Patented in the German Empire on January 6, 1911 .

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf Kreiselapparate zum Steuern von Torpedos und bezweckt die Verringerung eines beim Abschießen etwa vorhandenen Elevationswinkels sowie eine Erhöhung der Stabilität der Kreiselachse durch Vermehrung der Umdrehungszahl des Kreisels während des Laufes.The invention relates to gyroscopes for steering torpedoes and aims the reduction of an elevation angle that may exist when firing, as well as an increase the stability of the top axis by increasing the number of revolutions of the top during the run.

Wird der Torpedo bei Seegang abgeschossen, so geht der Schuß in den meisten FällenIf the torpedo is shot down in rough seas, the shot will go in most cases

ίο nicht wagerecht ab, sondern unter einem Winkel gegen die Horizontale, der bis zu io bis 20° betragen kann. Es ergibt sich nun aus den Kreiselgesetzen, daß ein Kreisel, dessen Umdrehungszahl stetig abnimmt, das Bestreben hat, einen solchen Elevationswinkel immer mehr zu vergrößern, wodurch eine Verringerung der Stabilität der Kreiselachse im Verhältnis zum Sinus dieses Winkels eintritt. Die meisten Kreiselapparate machen von einem auslaufenden Kreisel Gebrauch, so daß bei ihnen eine solche Vergrößerung eines vorhandenen Elevationswinkels stattfinden wird. Die Verringerung der Umdrehungszahl hat auch noch weiter den Nachteil, daß etwa vorhandene kleine Präzessionsbewegungen um die Vertikalachse immer schneller werden.ίο not horizontally, but under one Angle to the horizontal, which can be up to 10 to 20 °. It now arises from the gyroscopic laws that a gyro, whose number of revolutions is steadily decreasing, that Endeavors to increase such an elevation angle more and more, thereby reducing it the stability of the gyro axis occurs in relation to the sine of this angle. Most gyroscopes use a spinning top so that such an enlargement of an existing elevation angle will take place in them. The reduction in the number of revolutions also has the further disadvantage that any small precession movements that may be present the vertical axis get faster and faster.

Es sind Kreiselapparate bekannt, bei denen, nachdem der Kreisel durch einen Federmotor in Umdrehung versetzt worden ist, ein Elektromotor eingeschaltet wird, der die Tourenzahl des Kreisels konstant hält. Dieser Anordnung lag die Ansicht zugrunde, daß der Kreiselapparat dann am besten wirke, wenn die Umdrehungszahl des Kreisels während der ganzen Laufdauer des Torpedos möglichst die gleiche bleibt.There are known gyroscopic apparatus in which, after the gyro is driven by a spring motor has been set in rotation, an electric motor is switched on, the number of revolutions of the gyro keeps constant. This arrangement was based on the view that the Gyroscope works best when the number of revolutions of the gyro during the The entire duration of the torpedo remains the same as possible.

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Durch das Konstanthalten der Umdrehungszahl wird ein von vornherein vorhandener Elevationswinkel nicht beseitigt. Die vorliegende Erfindung beugt den Nachteilen der erwähnten älteren Apparate dadurch vor, daß die Umdrehungszahl, die der Kreisel oder sein Schwungring im Augenblick der Einschaltung des Elektromotors besitzt, nachträglich noch einige Zeit hindurch wesentlich erhöht wird. Es wird dadurch erreicht:By keeping the number of revolutions constant, an existing one from the start Elevation angle not eliminated. The present invention overcomes the disadvantages of mentioned older devices by the fact that the number of revolutions, which the gyro or be The flywheel has at the moment the electric motor is switched on, later still is increased substantially for some time. It is achieved by:

1. daß ein etwa in dem Moment, in dem der Torpedo das Rohr verläßt, vorhandener Elevationswinkel der Kreiselachse verkleinert wird,1. that an existing one at about the moment the torpedo leaves the tube The elevation angle of the gyro axis is reduced,

2. daß die Präzessionsbewegungen des Kreisels infolge der Vergrößerung des Kreiselimpulses langsamer werden, mit anderen Worten, daß sich der Ausschlagswinkel der Kreiselachse in der Zeiteinheit verkleinert. Hierdurch nimmt aber die Treffsicherheit des Torpedos außerordentlich zu, namentlich dann, wenn es sich um weit entfernte Ziele handelt.2. that the precession movements of the gyroscope result from the increase in the gyroscopic momentum become slower, in other words that the deflection angle of the gyro axis reduced in the time unit. However, this increases the accuracy of the torpedo extraordinarily, especially when when the targets are far away.

Zur Beschleunigung des Kreisels kann ein beliebiger Motor verwendet werden, dessen feststehender Teil am inneren kardanischen Ring angebracht ist. In der beschriebenen Ausführungsform ist die Verwendung eines Elektromotors angenommen worden.Any motor can be used to accelerate the gyro fixed part is attached to the inner gimbal ring. In the described Embodiment, the use of an electric motor has been assumed.

In den Fig. 1 und 2 stellt 1 schematisch einen Kreisel dar, der in einer aus den Ringen 2 und 3 bestehenden kardanischen Aufhängung gelagert ist. Der innere kardanische Ring 2 dreht sich um die Spitzen 4, die sich in der y z-Ebene befinden, und zwar in der Achse 0 y. Der vertikale kardanische Ring 3 kann sich um die in der Achse ox liegendenIn FIGS. 1 and 2, 1 schematically represents a gyro which is mounted in a cardanic suspension consisting of the rings 2 and 3. The inner cardanic ring 2 rotates around the tips 4, which are located in the y z-plane, specifically in the axis 0 y. The vertical cardanic ring 3 can be located around the axis ox

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Claims

Turn tips 5. In the inner cardan ring, the stator is indicated schematically Electric motor 6 attached, which is balanced by a weight, not shown while the rotor is stuck on the gyro axis.

In Fig. Ι it is assumed that the axis of the gyro has no elevation and is in the direction ο ζ , perpendicular to

ίο ο χ and ο y. When the torpedo is fired, the gyro is given one rotation in the direction of arrow 8 by a spring (not shown). During the run, the electric motor 6 accelerates the gyro in the same sense over a longer period of time and thereby increases its speed of rotation. Since the precision speed of a gyroscope is inversely proportional to the speed of rotation with otherwise the same conditions, the purpose mentioned under 2 above is achieved in this way.

The following explanations explain why the increase in the number of tours is also the Reduction of the elevation angle mentioned under 1. has the consequence.

As a result of the torque exerted on the gyro in the direction of arrow 8, a torque is exerted on the housing of the motor 6 and thus on the cardanic suspension in the opposite direction, that is in the direction of arrow 9. If the top is in the position shown in FIG. 1, this torque acts in the χ y-plane and is therefore completely absorbed by the tips of the suspension.

If, on the other hand, the axis of the gyroscope is in an axis 0 z ', which lies in the χ z-plane and with the axis ο ζ the angle 0.

forms, the torque exerted on the stator of the motor, indicated by the arrow 9, which is to be called D and is transmitted to the ring 2 in the direction of the arrows 7, is divided into the two components D cos α and D sin in a known manner to decompose α. As in the case of FIG. 1, the torque D cos α lies in the χ y plane and is absorbed by the tips of the suspension. The second component D sin α, on the other hand, seeks to rotate the entire system around the axis ο χ in the direction of the arrows 10. On the basis of the laws of precession, one can see that this torque around ο χ always results in such an angular movement of the axis 0 z ' that the axis strives towards its normal position ο ζ again. The elevation angle α is therefore reduced by the tightening torque of the motor 6.

To explain the behavior of a declining gyroscope, FIG. 3 shows one which likewise has the elevation α relative to the axis ο ζ. If this gyro is set in rotation by a spring in the direction of arrow 8 when the torpedo is fired, it will endeavor to take the inner cardanic ring 2 with it in the direction of arrows 11 during coasting due to the friction occurring in the point bearings of the axle. The opposite torque D 'is exerted on the cardanic rings as in Fig.

2. If this torque D 'is also broken down into its two components, the component D' sin α will act around the axis ο χ in the direction of the arrows 12 and generate the opposite precession movement as in the case of FIG. 2, i.e. the angle α enlarge. As mentioned above, this has an unfavorable effect on the stability of the gyro axis.

After what has been said, it is necessary for the device to work properly that the fixed part of the motor is carried by the inner gimbal ring so that it is forced to participate in the movements of the gyro axis.

Sponsorship τ claim:

Gyroscope for controlling torpedoes and the like, in which the flywheel first by a spring and then by an electric motor continuously in rotation is displaced, the fixed part of which takes part in the angular movement of the gyro axis, characterized in that, that the rotation speed of the flywheel when the electric motor is switched on is still a few Throughout time is increased significantly, for the purpose of any existing elevation angle to reduce the gyro axis to the horizontal and any precession movements to slow down.

1 sheet of drawings.