DE1137351B - Twist-stabilized shaped charge projectile - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

PATENT OFFICE

REGISTRATION DAY:

R29404Ic / 72d

JANUARY 5, 1961

NOTICE THE REGISTRATION AND ISSUE OF THE EDITORIAL: SEPTEMBER 27, 1962

The invention relates to a twist-stabilized shaped charge projectile which consists of a projectile casing consists, in which there is an explosive charge with a detonator and an insert and the also drive means for achieving a rotational movement opposite to the spin of the projectile Has individual projectile parts.

It is known that the twist, which is indispensable for stabilizing the projectile during flight, causes the same there is a loss of performance when hitting a target disk. The present invention aims the reduction or complete elimination of this loss of performance in the case of twist stabilized Shaped charge projectiles.

To solve this problem, proposals have already become known, but only by a particularly high cost can be realized in the production of the projectile and cause significant disadvantages of a different kind or only result in a partial solution. It is Z. B. the proposal became known, the entire explosive projectile part, so the explosive charge with Detonator and liner inside the shell in a second, made of jacket and base for the To arrange explosive charge existing inner shell, to connect it firmly to a brake turbine and to be rotatable in roller bearings in relation to the bullet shell. The inertial forces of this almost half of the projectile weight making up the projectile part are guided into the interior of the projectile when fired Powder gases captured. The inner, rotatably mounted projectile part receives when fired and also When the projectile continues to fly, there is a rotational acceleration due to the friction in the roller bearings, which, however, causes the Counteracts the brake turbine, which is acted upon by the outside air accumulated during projectile flight. These But construction has significant disadvantages, as a higher projectile weight, great complexity and high costs are inevitable; in addition, a considerable part of the projectile mass does not contribute to the projectile stabilization at.

Furthermore, a proposal has become known in which a twist compensation by special step-shaped Inclination of the active surfaces of the insert and / or by special measures on the explosive device, with the goal of bringing about a tangential impact component is to be achieved. But here must be the circular symmetry of the insert or the circular symmetry effect of the steam on the insert waived and thereby disruptions are accepted that are only a partial success with regard to the Twist compensation result.

Twist-stabilized shaped charge projectile

Applicant:

Rheinmetall G. mb H.,
Düsseldorf, Ulmenstr. 125

Dipl.-Ing. Helmut Müller, Düsseldorf,
has been named as the inventor

The shortcomings of the above and all other known proposals are addressed by the invention Shaped charge projectile avoided. This is achieved in that only the deposit with the twist-stabilized projectile casing firmly connected to the explosive charge and rotatably mounted with the drive means connected is.

The design of the hollow charge projectile according to the invention is based on two new explosive technology Realizations. On the one hand, the failure of a strongly rotating shaped charge is mainly due to it the rotation of the deposit mass is caused and only to a very small extent by the rotation of the Explosives. On the other hand, the explosive device does not have to lie completely tight against the insert in order to achieve a high To achieve breakthrough effect, a circularly symmetrical narrow gap between Inlay and explosive devices are available. This makes it possible to use the method according to the invention with twist-stabilized hollow charge projectiles a considerable increase in penetration performance to achieve by taking measures that only the deposit of the shaped charge at the latest by Impact on the target in the opposite direction to the twisting movement of the remaining projectile parts up to, in relation to the target, has been driven to an approximate or complete standstill.

The invention is illustrated below in some exemplary embodiments of shaped charge projectiles the drawings explained in more detail. It shows

1 shows a shaped charge projectile for exposure of the drive wheel to atmospheric air, 2 shows a shaped charge projectile for exposure to powder gases and atmospheric Air.

209 658/51

The shaped charge projectile according to Figure 1 has an insert 1 which is firmly connected to the turbine wheel 2; both parts can rotate together with respect to the projectile casing 3 and the explosive charge 4. A roller bearing 5 is arranged in the support frame 7 firmly connected to the tip 6 of the projectile casing 3, while a journal sliding bearing 8 is let into the explosive device 4. This rests on an elastic member, a spring 9, which yields when fired until the gap 10 which separates the insert 1 from the explosive charge 4 closes. The insert is thus pressed against the explosive charge 4 by its inertia during the projectile acceleration in the barrel and initially assumes the full spin speed of the projectile. Subsequently, however, the spring 9 overcomes the dynamic pressure now lying on the turbine wheel 2 and pushes the insert 1 forward until the gap 10 becomes effective again. At the same time, the air impinging on the blades 12 of the turbine wheel 2 through the channels 11 and exiting again through the channels 13 generates a strong torque on the turbine wheel 2 and thereby reduces the speed of the insert 1 firmly connected to it to a small amount in a short time, see above that a twist compensation is achieved even after a short shot distance and the maximum shaped charge effect is guaranteed. By means of a corresponding tangential angular position of the channels 11 and / or the shovel 12, it is possible for the insert 1 to bring about and maintain zero speed or a standstill in relation to the target, for which the turbine wheel 2 no longer rotates as well as the frictional moments of the rotating projectile parts must deliver the appropriate torque. In a similar way, it is possible to increase the drive in the opposite direction of the insert 1 until it executes a slow rotational movement opposite to the rotation of the projectile casing 3 including the explosive charge 4 in relation to a stationary reference system, in order to avoid the weak rotating movement when the projectile detonates To compensate for swaths of the explosive charge 4 transmitted to the insert 1 angular momentum.

The Gap 10 can be filled with a liquid of low viscosity. While the Projectile in the tube, a high liquid pressure is then briefly generated in the gap 10. By appropriate training and dimensioning of the Labyringdichtung 14 can when firing in the gap 10 either the liquid volume is kept constant or part of the liquid is passed through the labyrinth 14 are pressed through; in the latter case, according to the dimensioning of the spring 9 and the Load on the turbine wheel 2 due to the accumulation of air during projectile flight, the intended width of the gap 10 only restored when the projectile acceleration decreases. With both versions described a liquid cushion in the gap 10, the insert 1 is only one when fired due to the liquid friction and the additional bearing friction very little rotation, which is harmless for the shaped charge effect, is given by a particularly light Turbine wheel 2 is compensated in a very short time, so that the deposit for the shortest applicable combat distance, e.g. B. 100 m, compared to a stationary reference system, the speed Has zero or a small speed opposite to the spin and during further projectile flight maintains.

FIG. 2 shows a shaped charge projectile with a more advantageous design of the turbine wheel 2. The one during flight of the projectile pent-up air is centrally through an air duct 15 and coaxial with the storey the subsequent channels 16 are fed to the turbine wheel 2, so that the full dynamic pressure is used for this will. In the projectile tip 6 a cavity 17 is provided in which a powder propellant charge can be accommodated, which is useful immediately when the projectile hits the tube leaves, is ignited. The powder gases exit through the bores 18 and act on the turbine wheel 2 much stronger than is possible due to the accumulation of air. With this device, the speed of the insert 1 even without the arrangement of the above-described liquid cushion already on a Combat distance of a few hundred meters should be lowered so that an undiminished shaped charge effect is achieved.

The hollow charge projectiles according to the invention have a simple projectile structure; the additional Weight expenditure compared to a similar shaped charge projectile without twist compensation is only a few% of the bullet weight. The same is true of the gap between the insert and the explosive charge given reduction of the explosive charge extremely small. It is also important that despite the twist compensation there is practically no loss of flight stability compared to a shaped charge projectile without twist compensation and there is no deterioration in the center of gravity, since only a twist compensation of the Deposit takes place.

The hollow charge projectiles described above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 merely represent exemplary embodiments of the present invention which are based on this is by no means limited, but in principle all with a more or less on the deposit alone acting twist compensation provided shaped charge projectiles includes.

Claims (9)

PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Twist-stabilized shaped charge projectile, consisting of a projectile shell in which there is an explosive charge with a detonator and an insert and which also has drive means for achieving a rotational movement of individual projectile parts opposite to the spin of the projectile, characterized in that only the insert (1) of the with the twist-stabilized projectile casing (3) firmly connected explosive charge (4) is rotatably mounted and connected to the drive means. 2. shaped charge projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer jacket surface the insert (1) forms a narrow gap (10) together with the outer surface of the corresponding cavity of the explosive charge (4), the non-contact rotation of the insert (1) with respect to that in the bullet casing (3) firmly resting Explosive charge (4) allows. 3. shaped charge projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive means of Insert (1) is a turbine wheel (2), the inspection fine (12) during the projectile flight by an air flow passed through the interior of the projectile and / or from the gases of a powder propellant charge arranged in the tip of the projectile be applied. 4. shaped charge projectile according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rotatably mounted parts of the insert (1) and the turbine wheel (2) can be displaced along the axis of the projectile are arranged. 5. shaped charge projectile according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the rotatably mounted parts of the insert (1) and the turbine wheel (2) on an elastic member (9) and / or rest against a hydraulic pressure cushion located in the gap, which one Counteract the longitudinal displacement of these projectile parts against the direction of flight. 6. shaped charge projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing surfaces of the rotatably mounted projectile parts are much smaller compared to the projectile diameter Have diameter. 7. shaped charge projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the Bearing (8) of the rotatably mounted projectile parts is arranged in the explosive device (4). 8. Process for increasing the penetration performance of a hollow charge projectile stabilized by twist according to claim 1 to 7, the projectile casing rotates in flight with twisting speed, while coaxially rotatably mounted inner parts do not participate in this rotation by a suitable drive, characterized in that only the insert (1) of the shaped charge (4) at the latest until it hits the target in the opposite direction to the twisting movement of the remaining parts of the projectile, up to, in relation to the target, approximate or complete Has been driven to a standstill. 9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the approximate compensation of the Twist movement from an increase in the counter-rotating drive of the insert (1) is achieved, so that the deposit initially in flight against a reference system at rest executes rotational movement opposite to the twist. Considered publications:
German patent specification No. 940 813. 1 sheet of drawings © 20Ϊ 658/51 9. 62