DE2435243A1 - MANUAL DISTRIBUTOR FOR PNEUMATIC EMERGENCY BRAKES OF TRAILERS - Google Patents

Description

The "present invention relates to a manual Actuated distributor for pneumatic braking systems for trucks, which is between the servodistributor for the trailer and arranged the mechanical-pneumatic braking elements can be, to achieve both the parking braking of the truck by means of the mechanical-pneumatic braking elements as also at the same time the braking of the trailer by means of the pneumatic braking devices.

There are already pneumatic brake systems for modulated or normal service braking known, which with further Organs for emergency braking are provided. These latter organs have a cylinder and piston Servomotor on whose moving part is acted upon on the one hand by the compressed air and on the other hand by spring pressure will. The actuation of these braking elements takes place by means of

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Manually operated distributor, which connects certain parts or sectors of the pneumatic system with the outlet. In their rest position, these distributors connect a compressed air tank with the chambers of the organs for emergency braking to the to adjust corresponding movable organs in counter pressure to the springs acting on the movable organs and to keep the brake shoes away from the associated drums.

If the distributor is actuated, it closes the Connection between the boiler and the pressure chamber of the emergency braking devices and on the other hand connects the chambers of the servomotors with the outside air, so that the springs of the manure braking organs released and give their mechanical effect on the brake shoes.

In addition, distributors with two sectors are known, which connect the compressed air tank to two different brake circuits Allow one to the cylinder of the spring brakes for emergency braking and the other to a servo distributor is connected, which is built into the tractor and controls the braking of the trailer by means of an appropriate circuit so that the servo distributor remains inactive, when the system is under pressure or vice versa. Such distributors allow the emergency braking to be coordinated (which takes place by the springs on the corresponding organs) of the tractor with the braking of the trailer, whereby nevertheless there is the possibility to act on one or the other brake circuit, so that the braking of the both vehicles (tractor and trailer) are not forced together.

The known two-sector distributors usually have three functional positions.

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In the first position, i.e. H. the rest position, the sectors are held under pressure for emergency braking, namely the sectors of the spring brake elements and the part of the servo distributor leading circle. In this state, the braking system is ineffective, as the spring braking elements of the tractor be held ineffective by the compressed air while the trailer is completely unbraked.

If the distributor is in the second position, the "aforementioned brake sectors" are used for emergency braking to the outside air and connected to the servo distributor for the trailer. As a result, the tractor unit is braked via the spring braking devices as well as the braking of the trailer due to the created by the corresponding chamber of the servo distributor Negative pressure achieved.

The distributor can be operated between these two positions according to a reasonable criterion.

If the distributor has finally been brought into its third position, it connects the manure brake sector, i.e. the Spring cylinder, with the outlet, which in turn is the servo distributor is supplied. This means that the tractor unit is braked by the spring braking devices while the trailer is in motion is unbraked.

This latter position of the distributor is used as a parking brake for the vehicle, also because of the traffic regulations this parking braking can only be carried out and maintained by the mechanically actuated braking elements allowed.

In certain cases it is also required that the vehicle When parking, it must be braked not only by the mechanical organs but also by the compressed air brakes. The latter

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State obviously meets traffic regulations, always provided that the mechanical braking is satisfactory is made and meets the legal requirements.

Therefore, if the mechanical braking of only the tractor is satisfactory to enable the truck to be parked, it is also permitted in this case that the trailer is braked pneumatically, because of the existing Legislation this braking is not required and can be considered superfluous.

The object of the present invention is to provide total braking of a truck trailer with the possibility of control it must be given that the parking braking of the tractor alone (by means of spring braking devices) is sufficient To ensure stability of the truck.

It is an object of the invention to provide a manually operated manifold which occupies three positions can, the two of which are stable and the second position the possibility of parking braking of both the tractor (by means of the mechanical spring brake) as well as the trailer offers and-wherein the third position assumed by the distributor Only the parking braking of the tractor alone is not stable, always by means of the spring braking devices and with the trailer unbraked.

It thus follows that when the switching element of the distributor is brought into this third position and released there is, the same automatically returns to its second position in order to enable the parking braking of both the tractor as also to effect the follower.

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For the parking braking of the truck (tractor and trailer) the driver actuates the switching element of the distributor according to the • present invention while shifting it to the third position, to make sure that the braking of the tractor by the spring braking devices is solely for the truck is stable enough, after which it moves back or releases this switching element with the result that in the latter case the switching element automatically returns to the second, stable position, in order to brake the tractor mechanically upright and to restore the pneumatic braking of the trailer.

The task is solved by a distributor with the following features:

a) a first switchable shut-off element for establishing the connection between the mechanical-pneumatic elements for braking the tractor either with the outlet or with the compressed air source;

b) a second switchable shut-off device for making the connection of the servo distributor for the trailer either with the outlet or with the compressed air source;

c) Devices for optional switching and control the shut-off devices and to set at least two positions, such as a stable position and another, unstable Position depending on the action of springs, the action of which is a return of the switching elements to the stable position has the consequence, when these switching elements are in the first position, the moving parts of the two switchable locking devices are operated in such a way that the mechanical devices for mechanical-pneumatic braking the tractor and those pneumatic organs of the trailer take effect and that when the facilities are in the second position, only the mechanical organs of the mechanical-pneumatic braking of the train

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machine take effect while the pneumatic braking devices of the trailer are ineffective.

The invention is described in detail below on the basis of a Description of an exemplary embodiment of the distributor according to the invention illustrated in the drawings.

Show it:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section through the inventive Distributor,

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the control cam of the distributor and

Fig. 3 in one plane the development of part of the control cam for the switchable locking members of the distributor according to FIG. 1.

The distributor shown in the drawings has a housing 10 which has connections A1 and B1 on the underside, the first communicating with a compressed air tank and the second communicating with an outlet or with the outside air.

This distributor also has the connections F1 and G1 which with the servo distributor for the trailer or the braking element for mechanical-pneumatic braking of the tractor are connected.

The connection A1 is assigned to a chamber A, which is normally closed by means of a Federve.ntils 11, which is connected to a valve seat 12 assigned to it and is actuated by means of a hollow plunger Ik which is adjustably guided in the body 10 against a spring 16.

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These parts form a first switchable locking element, which is connected to the servo distributor of the trailer Connection F1 connects either to outlet B1 or to the compressed air source A1 as described below.

The chamber A is also connected via a conduit 18 to a chamber H formed in the interior of the body 10 by a sleeve 20 connected, this sleeve 20 is aligned axially to the connection B1 of this body and a sealing ring above 22 has. A seal 2U is on top of a rim one Sleeve 26 is provided, which extends in the axial direction in on the body 10 provided guides under the action of a spring 28 pushed onto this sleeve 26, which presses the sleeve upwards, is adjustable.

In the opening delimited by the sealing ring 22 is a seal provided with a sealing edge and with the expandable seal 2 U cooperating actuating head 30 arranged freely and adjustable with a wide play. The actuating head sits on a shaft 32, which is arranged on the same axis as the sleeve 26 and is provided with a collar 35 which forms a seal rests against the cylindrical recess of the body 10.

A spring 36 is pushed onto the shaft 32 and rests on a sleeve 3 ^ as well as the head 30 to counteract the latter

to press the seal seat 2.h. \

Another spring 37 forms an elastic spacer and rests with its ends on the collar 35 and the sleeve 20, around the latter against the bottom wall of the recess of the body 10 to press. The force applied by the spring 37 is such that it outweighs that of the other springs 28 and 36.

The chamber Fa, which is connected to the servo distributor by means of the connection F1 of the trailer is also connected via the

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Bores of the plunger lh are connected to a chamber Fb, which is connected via a line 38 and a chamber G to the connection G1, which is connected to the mechanical-pneumatic braking element for the tractor. As will be seen later, the chamber G can be connected to the already mentioned chamber H and thus to the outlet via the connection B1.

The collar 35 of the sleeve 3 * l · terminates in a flange 39, which comprising a same axis to the shaft 32 lying and therefore adjustable relative to this shaft 32 end ring kO, rotationally fixed by means of one or more angle approaches is held U1 on the body 10, which at the same time form axial stops which prevent the ring from being raised and corresponding stops which are provided on the flange and which bring them into operative connection.

The profile of a mating rim h2 is in operative connection with the profile of the end rim, which is similar to the former, is slid adjustably on the shaft 32 and is held in the axial direction to the shaft by means of an elastic insert hk which is inserted into a circumferential groove in the shaft is used in order to create an axial resilient connection between these two parts. The ring i * 2 is non-rotatably connected by means of a wedge U5 to a cover kd arranged on top of the body 10.

The two rings Uo and h2 are the same axis, and their abutting profiles have a shown in Fig. 3 corresponding fit, depending upon the effect on the coronary k2 members by springs U6, whose ends in recesses in the ring k2 and the lid U8 lie. This cover U8 is rotatably supported by means of a collar lying on the same axis as the shaft 32 at the top of the body 10 and has a control handle 50 on the side, which is adjustably arranged in guides 52 and 5 ^ provided on the cover 1+ 8.

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The handle 50 ends with a pin 55 which is guided through a runner 56, which is acted upon by a spring 58 and is connected to an arm 60, at the other end of which a bolt 62 is provided. The roller 62 cooperates with its circumferential surface with a sector-wise profiled plate 6h (see FIG. 2) which is fastened to the body 10 in such a way that it is concentric to the axis of the shaft 32.

The profile of the plate 6h is shown in FIG. 2 and is used to hold the control member 50 in the different angular positions.

In particular, the profile of the plate 6h has a first profile Kt, which is delimited by two rabbits K2 and K3 of different radial lengths, wherein the tab K2 forms a stop that cannot be traversed by the roller 62 and the tab K3 is profiled in such a way that it forms a stop which can be traversed in both directions by the roller 62. In particular, this stop can be passed when the switching element 50 is actuated to lift the roller 62 from the corresponding straight-line profile delimited by the lug K3, with a further lug K5 having a stop. represents impact that cannot be driven over by the roller 62.

The angular ranges of the two lines Kl and KU are in a ratio of 3: I ₉ , the angular range of the line K1 being between 70 ° and 75 °. The roller 62 arranged on the arm cooperates with the two profiles K1 and K1 and secures the stable layers 62a and 62c according to FIG. These positions are only maintained during the actuation time by the user. When the user stops operating, the small roller 62 automatically returns to position 62a,

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when this role has reached the end position 62b and has thus passed through the sheet K1 or also the end position 62c, if the Roller 62 has reached the end position 62d.

The spring U6 keeps the wreath k2 or its profile in operative connection with that of the wreath ^ O and also determines the height of the head 30 of the shaft 32 in relation to the seal Zh. In addition, the spring k6 presses the flange against the spacer spring 37

The cover U8 has a curved web 66 at the corresponding point and opposite the handle 50, on which a profiled area 68 rests, which forms a front cam lying axially parallel to the shaft 32, and with its profile the end 70 of a rotor attached to the plunger 1U 72 is in operative connection.

The moving parts of the distributor shown in FIG are in the position that corresponds to the regular working condition of the brake system.

In particular, the compressed air passes from the connection A1 into the chamber A and from here via the line ^: 18 into the chambers G and H and via the line 38 finally into the chamber Fb.

The compressed air flows from the chamber Fb via the hollow plunger 1U, the chamber Fa underneath and the connection F1 into the servo distributor of the trailer.

The compressed air present in the chamber G passes through the Connection Gl to the mechanical-pneumatic braking devices of the tractor, where the action of the braking devices acting Springs is canceled by means of a pneumatic piston, the chamber of which is connected to the outlet B1 or with can be connected to the compressed air tank via chamber A.

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If the distributor shown is in normal operating condition is, the roller 62 of the handle 50 is in position 62a (Figure 2).

If the driver wants to use the emergency brake via the distributor shown, he actuates the switch handle 50, thereby adjusting the roller 62 along the profile K1 of the plate 6k in the direction of arrow Y in FIG. 2. The movement of the handle, which is adjusted to position 62b, causes the same conditions as they occur with the brake pedal, i.e. the mechanical braking of the tractor and the pneumatic braking of the trailer. If, on the other hand, the driver wants to apply the parking braking of the truck, he actuates the handle 50 in such a way that the roller 62 is moved from the position 62b according to FIG. In this case, the collar is angularly adjusted to the rim Uo k2, which is held by the angular lugs Ul and thereby the position shown 3 occupies in the Fig. From which the rim is lifted k2 axially against the springs k6 in the direction of arrow X.

As a result, the sealing head 30 is lifted off the seal 2k of the sleeve and the sleeve 26 is raised by the pressure of the spring 28 until this seal 2k rests on the sealing ring 22.

So that on the one hand the connection between the chambers A, H and G is interrupted and on the other hand the connection between chambers B and G. The pneumatic piston of the mechanical-pneumatic braking element of the tractor, which is on the connection G 1 is connected, is connected to the outside air, so that the springs of this braking element (the previously were compressed by the compressed air) now expand and can operate the brake shoes of the tractor.

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The actuation of the cover 48 also displaces the cam 68 along the horizontal distance tfC of FIG. 3, which is no displacement causes in the axial direction of the shaft TO " Valve 11 remains with its seat 12 always in the pressure, and the chamber Fa is by means of the hollow plunger 14, the chamber Fb, the Line 38 and chambers G and B connected to the outside air. The lack of compressed air in the chamber causes Fa the actuation of the servo distributor and thus the pneumatic braking of the trailer.

This effects the mechanical braking of the tractor for the parking process and the pneumatic braking of the trailer .

At any moment, the driver can only use the Pneumatic braking of the trailer in terms of the effectiveness of the only mechanical braking devices on the tractor Make sure that braking has been applied.

According to the invention, the driver moves the shift lever 50 from the position 62c to the position 62d according to FIG. 2, the roller 62 being displaced along the profile section K4 of the plate 6k. If the driver lets go of the shift rod 50, the same returns together with the roller 62 in the position 62c.

This process does not affect the positions assumed by the end wreaths kO and 42, because the profile of these wreaths does not provide for any height adjustments in this angular position. The rotation of the cover 48, on the other hand, triggers the adjustment of the plunger 14 via the cam 68, which presses on the valve 11 during advance, blocking the connection between the chambers Fa and Fb and the subsequent removal of the valve 11 from the valve seat 12.

Chamber Fa is thereby connected to chamber A, and

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the compressed air comes from connection A1 via connection F1 to the servo distributor.

This means that the servo distributor and thus the pneumatic brakes of the trailer are released and thus the truck is only braked by the mechanical braking system of the tractor. The driver can move away from ensure that the tractor's parking brakes are effective.

After this determination, the driver brings the switching element 50 into the position 62c, as indicated above. However, even if he neglects this measure, i.e. releases the handle 50 in the end position 62d, the cover U8 with all associated parts is automatically returned to the position 62c under the action of the springs 58 and 16, the spring 58 moving the roller to the inclined plane Kk brings back and the second spring presses on the cam 68 fastened to the cover in such a way that the roller 62 moves back into the position 62c, in which the elements for braking the trailer again become effective.

During this process, the tractor's parking brakes, as already mentioned, always remain in effect, and therefore there is no such thing There is a risk that the truck's parking braking could be impaired.

At the distributor described and shown, depending on the operating requirements and the type of brake system, in which the distributor according to the invention is to be used, changes and modifications are made.

For example, spring means can be provided which act on the cover kQ so that it is moved back into the parking position in which, in addition to actuating the parking brakes for the tractor, the pneumatic brakes of the trailer are also effective.

Expectations:

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Claims (1)

Patent claims: Distributor for pneumatic braking systems for trucks, which is arranged between the servo distributor for the trailer and the mechanical-pneumatic braking system can be, to achieve both the parking braking of the truck by means of the mechanical-pneumatic braking elements and at the same time the braking of the trailer by means of the pneumatic braking elements, characterized by a) a first switchable shut-off element (22, 2k ₃ 30) for establishing the connection of the mechanical-pneumatic elements (Gl) for braking the tractor with either the outlet (B1) or the compressed air source; b) a second switchable shut-off element (11, 12, Ik) for establishing the connection of the servo distributor (Fi) for the trailer either to the outlet (B1) or to the compressed air source; c) Devices (62, 6k, 68) for the optional switching and control of the shut-off devices and for setting at least two positions, such as a stable position and another, unstable position depending on the action of springs (16, 58), their effect a return of the switching elements into the stable position, whereby, when these switching elements are in the first position, the moving parts (11 _a 30) of the two switchable locking elements are actuated in such a way that the mechanical elements for mechanical-pneumatic braking ( G1) of the tractor and those pneumatic elements (F1) of the trailer become effective and that, when the devices are in the second position, only the mechanical elements of the mechanical-pneumatic braking of the tractor become effective, while the pneumatic braking elements of the trailer are ineffective . - 15 - 509807/0799 2. Distributor according to claim. 1, characterized in that the switching devices for optional control have a plate {6k) which is provided with two profiles (Kl, KU), one profile (K1). a curve-like course and the other profile (KU) takes a substantially straight course and which are angularly adjustable to each other and are separated from each other by a profiled projection (K3), whereby one provided on a switch handle (50) and with the profile of the body (10) of the distributor provided plates (6U) cooperating resilient runners (58; 62) which can occupy the second of the two layers in order to be kept in operative connection with the first layer of the second profile (KU). 3. Distributor according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it is with at least one end rim (Uo) or cam (68) is provided, which is coaxial with the moving parts (30, lU) of the first and the second switchable shut-off element is arranged and with whose profile organs (U2, 66) cooperate with the selectable switching element (50) cooperate in such a way that when this switching element is in ' Rotation is offset, this actuate the moving parts' (30, lU) at the same time in a corresponding sequence, the mechanical-pneumatic brakes of the tractor and the pneumatic trailer brakes become effective permit. H. Distributor according to at least one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the end rim (Uo) or cam (68) has two different profiles which are arranged at an angle to one another and with which the corresponding movable profiles - 16 - ' 509807/0799 Parts of two switchable locking elements cooperate, which are arranged axially parallel and are mounted on the body (10) of the distributor, the first profile (Uo) cooperating with a counter rim (U2) which is at an angle, but not axially, with a cover (U8) is connected, which is rotatably arranged on the body (10) of the distributor and holds the switching element and the resilient runner (50, 60), the latter being provided with a roller (62) which with the profiles (K1 _S KU) of the plate (6U) is in communication. 5. Distributor according to at least one of claims 1 to U, characterized in that the cover (U8) is rotatably arranged on a ring (U9) of the body (10) of the distributor, the ring (U9) at the top of the body (10) is provided and the plate (6U) angularly offset to the second (UU) and a third axial cam (66) , the latter crouch actuating the second switchable locking member (11, 12, lU) which controls the actuation of the servo distributor of the trailer . 6. Distributor according to at least one of claims 1 to 5 »characterized in that the switchable locking members (11, 12, 1U and 22, 2U, 30) are arranged in the body (10) of the distributor, in such a way axially parallel that the movable Parts (1U, 30) can be connected to the profiles of the second and third axial lugs (UU; 66) , the latter being arranged at an angle on the cover (U8) and at the wreath (U9) on the cover having a curved plate (6U) which represents the first squat. J. distributor according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first switchable locking member has a sleeve (26), - 17 - 509807/0799 -U- which is adjustable in guides provided in the body (10), is provided with a seal (2U) at one of its ends and is under the action of a spring (28) which the seal against both the retaining ring (22) on the body (10) as well as against a sealing head (30) freely inserted into the ring (22) and connected to the second ring (k2) , the ring (1 * 2) being non-rotatably connected to the holding element (50) of the distributor. Distributor according to at least one of Claims 1 to "J, characterized in that the sealing ring (22) is arranged at the end of a sleeve (20) which is mounted in the recess of the body (10) and which is located therein by means of a spacer spring (37). is supported against a collar (35) which is connected to an end rim (ko) , which in turn is connected to the profile of the rim ( h2 ) and is held in a certain angular position and slight axial play by means of angular attachments (Ui) provided on the body. 509807/0799 A? Blank page