DE2434605A1 - MEASURING VEHICLE FOR MEASURING TRACK DEFECTS IN THE VERTICAL DIRECTION - Google Patents

Description

Γ PATENT LAWYERS

DR.-ING. R. DÖRING DIPL.-PHYS. DR. J. FRlCKE

BRAUNSCHWEIG MUNICH

Us.Z .: 1816

Franz Plasser,

Railway construction machinery industrial company m.b.H.

1010 As η,
Johannesgasse 3

"Measuring vehicle for measuring track defects in the vertical direction"

L

509807/0319

The invention relates to a measuring vehicle for measuring track defects in the vertical direction, which at least has three electrical, vertically oriented Wegaulnehraervorrichtungen for one of the two rail lines, which is attached at one end to the car body of the measuring vehicle are and the other end of which are influenced by separate axes of the measuring vehicle, and where the outputs of the path pick-up devices, if applicable via a measuring bridge linking the values to an electrical recorder for a measurement record are.

In the case of track defects that deviate from the target state in exist in the vertical direction, one has to do with errors that can be described as almost punctiform so-called joint position errors (sunken or excessive Bumps) - and errors that extend over longer sections - the longitudinal height errors.

To determine such track defects are usually Multipoint measurements carried out. When measuring the joint position, the path is usually the symmetrical, middle one Axis of a three-axle bogie measured to a measuring base, which results from the connection of the first with the

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third axis results. The bogie frame is used as the measurement basis for electrical track laying. During the

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perpendicular path of the first and third axis is eaten with an electrical displacement transducer each, the path becomes the Central axis measured on two position sensors. These encoders have the same electrical sensitivity in this company, so that vertical or nodding movements of the bogie frame are eliminated. It is therefore a matter of the measurement a symmetrical arrow height over a relatively short measuring base. Longer perpendicular errors are therefore not recorded. these in particular have a strong influence on the smoothness of the vehicles. With individual railway administrations were therefore expensive special designs developed in which the measuring base by the pivot distance between the front and rear bogie is given, with an additional attached in the center of the vehicle for the actual measurement Bogie or an additional axle is used. All of these Common procedures, as well as others suggested in the literature, have in common that it is too their realization requires the use of three-axle bogies or wagons with more than two bogies are used Need to become. Under no circumstances can these measurements be carried out with standard vehicles, i.e. the usual, standardized rail vehicles, be performed; this shows the most serious disadvantage of these methods, since development and construction of special vehicles always cause high costs. Except-

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dom is the use of standard vehicles Therefore, it is only in this case that the stress on the track and the associated track deforinations should be striven for correspond to the normal case. In the case of multi-axle special vehicles, the required high axle pressure can be: hardly achieve, and they generally have significantly different driving dynamics properties than standard vehicles. The desired possibility of a measurement at the top speed of the route is thereby called into question.

Another disadvantage of the conventional measuring device is the symmetrical arrow height measurement. Boi everyone symmetrical arrow height measurement, periodic errors, whose period is given by half the length of the measuring base is not displayed. When measuring the joint position with a three-axle bogie (base 3.60 m), the periodic errors that the vehicle does remain undetected at an assumed speed of about 100 km / h with a frequency just below the audible limit (about 15 Hz) irritate. With the longitudinal height measurement as a symmetrical arrow height measurement with a base of about 20 m results as Excitation frequency, the undetectable periodic error about 2 to 3 Hz. Because the vertical natural frequencies of many Vehicle types (freight wagons), however, are in this range, are precisely the most important errors due to this measuring method not recorded.

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The aim of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages mentioned. In the case of a measuring vehicle, this is the case at the outset described type according to the invention ^ achieved in that the measuring vehicle as chassis only two only two-axle Has bogies, one of the three displacement transducers through the two axes of the one bogie is influenced, whereas the third displacement transducer is either influenced by one of the two axes of the other bogie is influenced, or from two sub-devices connected together via an averaging circuit exists, each of which is influenced by one of the two axes of the second bogie, as Veiraufnehtner preferably differential throttles the same Eiupfindlichkeit are provided, their iron cores by means of Spring force is pressed against a horizontal plate and in the neutral conductor of the throttles at least the first and third Displacement transducer resistors are connected upstream.

It is of particular importance that a normal sailing vehicle can be used as a measuring vehicle and expensive special designs, especially with three-axle bogies for measurement, are not necessary, as was previously the case are. This also results in a track deformation that corresponds to the normal case. Due to the special arrangement of the Displacement transducers are also periodic errors whose period, given by half the length of the measuring base.

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The actual displacement transducer within a displacement transducer device consists of a differential throttle whose iron core is pressed against a horizontal plate by means of spring force is pressed, which is attached to the axle sleeve or to a rod connecting two axle sleeves so that deflections of the bogie, e.g. in the curved track, do not influence the measurement result.

In order to eliminate the vertical car vibrations _> the displacement transducers have different electrical sensitivities, which can be calculated from their horizontal distances from one another.

Are used as Wegaufnehraer differential throttles with the same If sensitivity is used, according to the invention there are resistors in the neutral conductor of at least the first and third pickups upstream. If it is difficult due to the construction of the bogie, this or more Wegaufr To accommodate slave devices in the area of the axes, it is useful if at least one of the displacement transducer devices or both sub-devices of one from one between the car body and the bogie frame arranged electrical displacement transducer and one arranged between this bogie frame and the respective travel axis there is a second displacement transducer, the outputs of which are additive, are interconnected.

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The electrical values of the chokes can be connected to a signal bridge and fed to a writer. If the measuring vehicle is a special measuring vehicle, then it is advantageous to use A separate computer is provided to generate the measured value from the values of the path sensors. Such a calculator is in a measuring car available.

An exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown in the figures.

Fig.l shows a control vehicle on whose bogies Wegaufnehraer are arranged, Fig. 2 a schematic representation of the lengths determined by the Wegaufnahmorvorrichtungen for asymmetrical arrow height measurement, Fig. 3 a representation similar to Fig. 2 for determining the symmetrical arrow height from the asymmetrical, Fig k shows a schematic representation of a bogie with subdivided displacement transducer devices and FIGS. 5 and 6 show circuit diagrams of differential throttles used as displacement transducers.

Between the car body 1 and the bogies 2 and 3, the displacement transducers k, 5 and 6 are arranged as Wegaufnehraervorrichtungen. The displacement transducers k and 5 lie on the axes of the bogie 2 while the displacement transducer 6 engages an axle of the bogie 3. But the toilet

recorders 7 or 8 may be provided in place of 6, the attack at other points of the bogie 3. Furthermore, the path »

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transducers 6 and 8 may be provided together, with a mean throw in the circuit not detailed is made. In the rail vehicle itself there is an electrical high-speed recorder 10, which is electrically connected to the Wegaufnehmerη connected is. The measurement can be done by three displacement transducers with the same electrical sensitivity, the measured variable on electrical path by linear combination of the three or possibly four individual measured values in the case of averaging becomes (Fig. 5). With this measuring arrangement, the joint position and height fields are recorded in one and are also reproduced in a single record (curve display).

Since it is about an asymmetrical arrow height measurement, the representation is done with a simpler symbol than with symmetrical arrow-height eating.

The distances of the individual axles from the car body post If necessary, reference levels can also be determined indirectly been. The method can then be implemented using any control vehicle.

FIG. 2 reproduces the lengths determined by the arrangement according to Pig. 1 with the aid of the path sensors k, 5 and 6.

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Goraossen will be the lungs y ^, y ₂ , y ,. The distance between the axes of the bogie 2 is designated with a, the measuring base with b. The unsymmetrical arrow height Δ _υ is then duroh

given. The associated syraraotrisohe Pfeilhöbe A_ is closed this is proportional and calculated according to FIG. 3 from the

2
Parabolic equation y = const. Χ as follows:

- (b. - a ² ) ^ -Δ,

^ s = ^Δ π

Instead of y, y ^ or y ^ i, the values of the distance sensors 8 or 7 can be used, y, - represents the distance from the fixed reference plane to a point on the bogie frame or a rigid connection between the two axles.

If y ~ or y _t is used, a classic three-point measurement is available. When using y, - a four-point measurement with averaging over the two measuring points,

Deliver the same susceptibility when using transducers these electrical values are proportional to the measured quantities

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■ · - io-

y. . Because dioso multiply measured values with different factors and then to be added are in the respective Ausgleiohsloitungen of the differential throttles the displacement transducer ohms such resistances of the corresponding size switched (Fig. 5). ,

Duroh the unsymmetrical Pfeilhöhenmossung it is the first time a possible old and the same measuring base both butt position errors than to detect also Längshb'henfehler greater extent in a single measuring process so that a meaningful nz representation results in a uniform scale.

With symmetrical arrow height measurement, each individual foal duroh a zaoko and two oppositely oriented half the size of the counter zaoko. Boi unbalanced The counter tokens are used to measure the height of the arrows Changed according to amount and position, whereby in the borderline case the 2nd counter coke disappears almost completely, the first with hers Amount just below that of the main zaoke.

This curve display makes it easy to see, among other things, whether there is an exaggerated or a sunken shock. the the second counter-coke is hardly ever used when the quantity y, - is used.

Is a direct measurement of the y., Due to the special

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Car construction is not possible, so the following routes can be taken:

a) According to the invention, the axles have a rigid connection. The distances between any two points of this rigid connection from the reference plane fixed to the car body become measured (y! yl) and from these y. and y "determined (Fig.l).

b) If these distances are not directly measurable either, the distances between the fixed reference plane and the bogie frame and the distances between the bogie frame and the connection of the two axles are measured, and yj and y 'or y are measured from this. and y_ determined (Fig. ^ j). A path recorder for y. then correspond to two partial vehicle pickups for u ^ and v. (or for yl - U ₂ , v_).

Each of the three differential throttles D., D. Their iron cores, which are supported against a horizontal plate arranged on the bogie, are not shown. In the case of the chokes, resistors R ^, R _{2 are connected} upstream in the neutral conductors of the chokes D., D_. The electrical values of the chokes are fed to a measuring device and from this to an electrical recorder. In this case the circuit itself forms an analog computer.

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As a variant according to the invention there are three measuring bridges 13 is used and the electrical values of y., Y ", y, an analog computer 14 are supplied to which the electrical recorder 15 is connected downstream (Fig. 6),

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Claims (3)

P π t e η t a η s η r Ii c h e 1. yMeasuring vehicle for measuring track defects in a vertical direction Direction, which for at least one of the two rail lines three electrical, vertically oriented displacement transducers has, which are attached at one end to the car body of the measuring vehicle and whose each other end are influenced by separate axes of the measuring vehicle, and the outputs of the Displacement transducers, if necessary, via a die The measuring bridge linking values is led to an electrical recorder for a measuring record, characterized in that that the measuring vehicle (i) has only two only two-axle bogies (2, 3) as chassis, wherein through the two axles of one bogie (2) each one of the three displacement transducers (Ί, 5) is influenced, whereas the third way on η ehiuervorrich- 509807/0319 timg (6) is either influenced by one of the two axles of the other bogie (3), or consists of two sub-devices (7, 8 or 6, 8) interconnected via an averaging circuit (9), each of which consists of one the two axes of the second bogie (3) are influenced, differential _{throttles (D 1} , D ₂ , D,) of the same sensitivity are provided as displacement transducers, the iron core of which is pressed against a horizontal plate by means of spring force and at least the first in the neutral conductor of the throttles and third displacement transducer resistors are connected upstream. 2. Measuring vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the displacement transducer devices (^, 5, 6} or both partial devices (7, 8 or 6, 8) one of these consists of an electrical displacement transducer arranged between the car body (l) and the bogie frame and a second weight transducer arranged between this bogie frame and the respective travel axis (Fig. K) , the outputs of which are additively interconnected. 3. Device according to claims i or 2, characterized in that 509807/0319 ^{indicates that the} displacement transducer is provided with its own computer (14) to generate the measured value from the values (y. «» y ₂ t Yx). * 509807/0319 Leeward