DE2424877A1 - TEXTILE COMPOSITE - Google Patents

Description

PATENT Attorney DR. HELGA WEISSENFELD. 6940

HOhTMfMg 2 Graduate chemist T * i «fon 0β20ΐ-β04 · 4

Τ ·) · χ 0468 831

May 16, 197 * »

Dr. W / Sch ON

Applicant: Carl Freudenberg, Weinheim Textile composite

The invention relates to a multilayer textile composite which has at least two in places, e.g. B. Contains thermoplastic layers welded to one another in a punctiform manner. Another textile fabric has been incorporated, which gives the composite new properties that are not found in known fabrics such as woven, knitted or non-woven fabrics.

Composites made up of several places, e.g. punctiform Thermoplastic layers welded to one another are known.

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Numerous possibilities have already been proposed, nonwovens with thermoplastic binding fibers to connect with each other by applying pressure in places at elevated temperature. The structures obtained in this way differ depending on the species and the nature of the fibers used and the shape and density of the welds, as well as any additional binding agent, with regard to their softness or stiffness as well as their elongation properties.

In addition to nonwovens, there are also woven and knitted fabrics, i.e. by interweaving warp and weft threads or sheet-like structures obtained by interlacing continuous filaments for the production of multilayer composites are known.

Also known are textile fabrics in the form of so-called thread layers, i.e. lengthways and / or crosswise sheets of threads that are connected to one another. Numerous proposals deal with the most varied mechanical devices to prepare and bring together the warp and weft threads of the scrim in an evenly parallel arrangement. The connection too of the threads with each other is known, the simplest method being dipping the prepared scrim into represents a binder dispersion and the subsequent drying of the same * This creates an all-round Binder bonded stiff product.

In DT-AS 1 12o 421 another method is proposed in which by using different Fiber raw materials and swelling agents bind the longitudinal and Querfftden limited to the actual crossing points

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This improves the softness of the product. The clutch is "non-slip".

All scrims that have become known to date have the distinct disadvantage that, in contrast to woven fabrics and knitted the crosshairs are "frozen". Due to the gluing, the scrims have their mobility lost between the longitudinal and transverse threads.

According to the invention there is now a multilayer textile Composite proposed, the at least two, in places, e.g. contains thermoplastic layers welded together at points. The composite is marked by at least one set of longitudinal and / or cross-laid threads, so-called "scrim", which are on both sides is covered by at least one thermoplastic layer, the scrim by thermal Welding of the cover layers to one another in the thread gaps fixed in its geometric position and the threads are movable in the axial direction. The composite thus consists of one known per se thermally welded multilayer structure, in which, however, according to the invention, a non-bonded thread structure is incorporated by the spot welding that the threads are each freely movable in the axial direction stay. It is thus a hitherto unknown displaceable scrim, the crosshairs of which are not "frozen".

In its simplest form, the multilayer composite according to the invention consists of an upper one and a lower thermoplastically weldable η layer and the scrim arranged in between.

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This sequence of layers can be present several times in sandwich form, so that at least one thermoplastically weldable layer and a scrim alternately be arranged one above the other, the outer upper and lower cover layer made of thermoplastically weldable Material.

As a thermoplastically weldable layer, inebe- ^r -: j. Particularly suitable a nonwoven fabric layer containing thermoplastic binding fibers. However, appropriately finished woven or knitted fabrics and thermoplastically weldable plastic films are also useful. "If desired, more than one thermoplastically weldable layer can be arranged between the thread layers to equip the facing side with a thermoplastic layer in the form of a plastic film.

By thermal welding of the thermoplastic Layers, e.g. of the nonwoven layers, in the interstices of the thread structure, i.e. in the thread-free spaces, the structure receives its necessary consolidation while maintaining the axial mobility of the threads Direction. The scrim as such are therefore always fixed in their predetermined geometric position. Of the Composite material can consist of one or more thread layers, but their threads are no longer bound by binding agents have fixed and thus frozen crosshair points are built up. In many cases, the frozen crosshair points at the known Filamentary perceived as disadvantageous. The fixation of the threads of the scrim within the The planar structure according to the invention is achieved in the axial direction by static friction. It is known that the Strength of classic textile fabrics -

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as far as chemical bonding in the equipment is dispensed with - there is only static friction between individual fibers or threads. Because the frictional force a puncture of the contact force, the contact surface and the coefficient of friction, these factors are increased when particularly high mechanical factors are required Strengths of the threads or fabrics through e.g. high twist, finishing agents and tight bonds. In the inventive Planar structure is the force that a thread has to move within the union The lengthwise direction is determined by how thick the thread itself is, what surface it has, how big the distance between the welding points of the cover fleeces and how heavy these fleeces are. Knowing this The planar structures according to the invention can be designed in different ways, in each case adapted to the intended use.

For many purposes it has proven itself, the scrim to build from threads of different strengths. In this way, materials are obtained that can be used, for example, for manufacturing of interlining materials, upholstery materials or the like. Application.

An expedient embodiment also consists in using nonwovens, the shrink fibers, as the thermoplastic cover layer included, to be provided. During the welding process, the shrink fibers and the inserted fibers shorten Threads or the scrim are enclosed under tension.

The scrim consists of textile threads of the desired Texture and strength and / or made of mineral or metallic threads. The joint use or sole use of metallic threads leads to electrically conductive flat structures. These fabrics are intended for further processing into electric blankets, heating bandages, heated wallpapers or the like.

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The electrical resistance can be determined by using appropriately equipped metal threads or - vary the strands and - adapt them to the intended use. Because of the mobility of the padding, it is possible to reduce the resistance by removing individual To change threads or strands when used e.g. as a heating bandage.

Compared to known scrims, woven, knitted and nonwovens the textile composite according to the invention has decisive advantages. So it is possible to use composites in which a thread direction is strongly preferred, a property that is used, for example, in conveyor belts, Drive belts and substitutes for wool hair inlays are desirable. It can be based on the otherwise geometric Fixing of the first thread group (e.g. warp), the necessary second thread group (e.g. weft) is dispensed with will.

The optical unity (coverage) of the flat structure does not have to be in the proposed composite can be achieved by a very dense layer of threads, which are expensive compared to fiber fleece. As opposed to laid, Woven or knitted, the planar structure according to the invention is diagonally stable and on all sides short-stretched.

The following examples contain expedient embodiments of the composite according to the invention.

example 1

In a composite according to the present invention there are 5 parallel longitudinally oriented viscose filaments over a width of 1 cm from 6oo / 12 den. arranged.

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ρ The longitudinal thread sheet is on both sides with a 3o g / m heavy fleece layer of 7 ο? Polyamide 66 fiber 3.3 dtex and 3o ί polyamide 6 3.3 dtex covered. The two fleece layers are in the spaces between the longitudinal threads, i.e. with at a pitch of 2 mm, welded spot-wise, with the individual spot welds covering an area of 0.6 in the longitudinal direction times 0.8 mm in the transverse direction for one

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Dot pitch in the longitudinal direction of 1, ¹ O mm. The welded areas have _{> in} relation to the total area of the composite; a proportion of 17 % Each thread is encased on both sides by fibers that are anchored in the welds and in its position due to the interaction of fiber tension and the coefficient of friction between the thread and the fiber surface fixed.

Such a composite is printed with polyamide adhesive Successfully used as a plaque reinforcement insert in men's clothing, with the resilience of the nonwoven There is still particular importance to be given to traditional Länssfäden.

A strip 5 cm wide and 10 cm long of this material was clamped in a tearing machine so that that the upper clamp Io grasped threads without fleece, while the lower clamp the entire width of the strip with the rest 15 threads held on. The force required to move the threads in their longitudinal direction was with 23.3 P measured, i.e. that 2.33 pond were used for one thread.

Example 2;

Composite material according to Example 1, the proportion of binding fiber being increased to 50% and the number of longitudinal threads being increased by 50% by inserting a second thread into every second row.

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Measured according to the method described in Example 1, the longitudinal displacement of a single thread was used 4.66 ρ expended, while a double thread required a force of 5.56 ρ.

Example 3:

Another composite according to the present invention is constructed as follows:

Two sets of threads consisting of continuous polyester filaments with 25 capillaries and a total denier of I ¹ Io dtex lined up next to one another at a distance of 1.25 mm are laid one on top of the other at an angle of 90 °. A fiber fleece of 30 g / m consisting of 100% polyamide 66 - 6 core-sheath fiber 3 »3 dtex / 60 mm is arranged below and above the scrim and the two nonwovens are thermoplastically welded together exactly in the meshes of the scrim. The size of the weld points is 0.3o mm by 0.3o mm (square) and the welded area based on the total area of the composite is 5.76 %. The composite is characterized by a soft grip and short stretch. The dreaded stiffening of laminates by the so-called "plywood effect" is avoided by the fact that the inserted threads can move against each other and against the outer layers. Nevertheless, the threads give the composite increased strength and short stretching and, for example, when used as an outer fabric, prevent the knees or elbows from bulging, as can be observed with nonwovens or felts.

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Example 4;

A composite according to the present invention consists of two nonwoven layers of the fiber mixture; 7o parts polyester 1.4 / Io (1.5 dtex, 40 mm length) and 3o parts polyester fibers undrawn (which have a lower softening point than drawn polyester fibers) and one Number of copper strands inserted lengthways between the fleece layers with individual wires a "0.05 mm in diameter electrical resistance of such a wire is 9.07 pounds / m. The weight of the fleece is 30 g / m on the

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one and 6o g / m on the other. Page. The distance between the copper threads is 5 mm. The fleeces are strongly welded together at points, but the copper wires are exactly between two rows of welding points, so that although they are locally fixed in the composite and stripped from the outside by fleece layers, they themselves have not suffered any damage from the pressure required for the welding. The composite material described is flexible like a textile and can be used for further processing into heating blankets, heating bandages and heating panels.

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Claims (9)

Patent claims: Multi-layer textile composite, which contains at least two thermoplastic layers welded to one another in places, e.g. at points, characterized by at least one group lengthways and / or cross-laid threads, so-called "thread scrims", which on both sides through at least one thermoplastic Layer is covered, with the thread structure by thermal welding of the cover layers to one another in the FadeηZwischen spaces in its geometric Position is fixed and the threads are movable in the axial direction. 2. Composite according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the thermoplastic cover layers containing a thermoplastic binding fibers Is nonwoven. 3. Composite according to claim 1-2, characterized in that at least one of the thermoplastic cover layers is a suitable plastic film. 4. Composite according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the scrim made of textile, mineral and / or metallic threads. 5 · composite material according to claims 1-4, characterized in that the scrim of threads of different Contains starch. 6. Composite according to claim 1-5 »characterized in that one or more of the cover layers Nonwovens containing shrink fibers and / or crimped fibers exist or exist. -11- 509848/0668 7. Composite according to claim 1-6 »characterized in that that the nonwoven layers consist of staple fibers known per se. 8. Composite according to claim 7 »characterized in that that the staple fibers are short fibers. 9. Composite according to claims 1-6, characterized gekennzeichr net that the nonwoven layers contain continuous fibers. 50 9848/066 8