JPS597821B2 - composite fabric - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides for the use of
The present invention relates to a composite fabric including at least two layers of thermoplastic material.

Other woven planar constructions are well known which provide composite fabrics with novel properties not found in known fabrics such as woven, knitted or non-woven fabrics. Composite fabrics are known which consist of several layers of thermoplastic material which are fused together in places, for example in dots.

Many methods have already been proposed for bonding nonwoven fabrics containing thermoplastic bonding fibers to each other by applying pressure in places at high temperatures. The compositions obtained in this way vary in their pliability or hardness and elongation, depending on the type and nature of the fibers used, the shape and density of the fused parts, and optionally additional binders added. In addition to non-woven fabrics, woven and knitted fabrics, i.e. planar structures obtained by cross-weaving of warp and weft threads or by braiding of endless threads, are also known for the production of multilayer composite fabrics. Fabric-like planar constructions in the form of so-called array insert threads, ie collections of threads arranged longitudinally and/or transversely and connected to one another, are also known.

Numerous proposals feature a wide variety of mechanical devices for preparing and assembling uniformly parallel arrays of warp and weft threads of array insertion threads. It is also known to bond threads together, the simplest method being to dip the prepared array into a binder dispersion and subsequently drying it. In this case, a rigid product is created with the entire circumference bonded with a bonding agent. DE 11 20 421 proposes another method of restricting the bonding of meth and weft yarns to their natural crossing points by using different fiber raw materials and swelling agents. This improves the flexibility of the product.
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All conventionally known array insert yarns have the decisive disadvantage that, unlike woven or knitted fabrics, the points of intersection of the yarns are "condensed". Due to adhesion, the array loses its mobility between the warp and weft threads. Therefore, according to the present invention,
By arranging insertion threads arranged in parallel in at least one direction between at least two thermoplastic material layers, and point-welding both thermoplastic material layers between the arranged insertion threads, A multilayer composite fabric is provided, characterized in that the insertion thread is axially movable without being glued to both layers, contained between both layers and fixed in its geometric position.

This composite fabric therefore consists of a heat-sealed multilayer construction known per se, into which according to the invention unbonded array insertion threads are inserted between the point welds, the threads axially They are now able to move freely. Therefore, we are dealing with an as yet unknown movable array insertion thread in which the crossing points of the threads are not "congealed". The simplest construction of a multilayer composite fabric according to the invention consists of upper and lower fusible layers of thermoplastic material and an array of intercalated threads disposed between them. The adhesive layer and the alignment insertion thread can be arranged one on top of the other, with the upper and lower outer shielding layers consisting of thermoplastic material layers in a sandwich-like manner in multiple layers.

Suitable thermoplastic material layers are in particular nonwoven layers containing thermoplastic bonding fibers.

However, suitably finished woven or knitted fabrics and thermoplastic films are also suitable. If desired,
One or more thermoplastic fusible layers can also be arranged between the array insert threads. When one or both sides of a composite fabric are to be made waterproof, it is advisable to finish the side facing moisture with a layer of thermoplastic material in the form of a plastic film. By heat-sealing a layer of thermoplastic material, such as a non-woven layer, in the interstices of the array of inserted threads, i.e. spaces free of threads, the construction is given the necessary stiffness while preserving the axial mobility of the threads. It will be done.

The array insertion thread itself is therefore always fixed in a predetermined geometric position. The composite fabric of the present invention can optionally be constructed with one or several arrayed intercalated yarns in which the yarns are no longer fixed by a binder and thus have no condensed yarn crossing points. In many cases, the concentrated thread crossing points of known array insertion threads are perceived as a disadvantage. The fixation of the threads of the array insertion thread inside the planar construction according to the invention is achieved by static friction in the axial direction.

It is known that the strength of conventional fabric-like planar constructions consists of the static friction between the individual fibers or threads, even when chemical bonding in one finishing process is abolished. Since the frictional force is a function of the pressing force, the contact surface and the friction coefficient, particularly high mechanical strength of yarns or planar compositions is required, for example for large twists, lobbies or close binding. Therefore, the above factors are increased. In planar constructions according to the invention, the forces that counteract longitudinal movement of the threads inside the bond depend on how dense the threads themselves are, what surfaces they have, and the gaps between the fused portions of the shielding nonwoven. how big it is
It depends on how heavy this non-woven fabric is. Knowing these premises, the planar arrangement according to the invention can be constructed in various ways, each adapted to the application.
It is effective for many applications to construct the array insertion threads from threads of different thicknesses.

A material is thus obtained which is applied, for example, to the production of insert materials, cushion materials, etc. A preferred configuration is to provide a nonwoven fabric containing crimped fibers as the thermoplastic shielding layer.

During the fusing process, the crimped fibers are shortened and the inserted threads or array insert threads are encapsulated under tension. The array insertion threads are comprised of textile threads of desired properties and thickness and/or mineral or metallic threads.

The use of metallic systems in combination or alone results in electrically conductive planar structures. This flat structure is intended for reprocessing into electric blankets, electric heating bandages, electric heating wallpaper, etc. The electrical resistance can be adjusted by using suitably equipped metal systems or metal cords, each adapted to the application.

Since the array insertion threads are movable, it is possible to vary the resistance by removing individual threads or cords, for example when used as an electrothermal bandage. known arrays,
Compared to woven, knitted and non-woven fabrics, the composite fibers according to the invention have decisive advantages.

In other words, composite fabrics in which the direction of threads is treated with great priority;
Thus, it is possible to create the desired properties, for example, in the replacement of conveyor belts, transmission belts and wool inserts. It is possible to dispense with the second thread assembly (for example, a weft thread) which was previously necessary for the geometrical fixation of the first thread assembly (for example, a warp thread). With the composite fabric proposed according to the invention, the visual closure of the planar structure does not have to be obtained by very dense layers of threads, which are relatively expensive compared to fiber webs.

Unlike arrays, woven or knitted fabrics, planar constructions according to the invention are diagonally stable and have little stretch on all sides. The following examples include preferred constructions of composite fabrics according to the present invention.

Example 1 Five parallel lengthwise 600/12 denier endless viscose spun yarns were arranged in a 1 cm width array on a composite fabric according to the present invention.

3.3dtex nylon 66 fiber 70 on both sides of the warp thread group
% and 3.3 dtex nylon 6 fibers, each having a weight of 30 y/Trl. The two nonwoven layers are welded point-wise in the gaps between the warp threads, ie with a pitch of 2n, the individual welding points having a pitch of points in the longitudinal direction of 1.43 m7! L is 0.6mm in the vertical direction x 0.6mm in the horizontal direction.
It has an area of 8 mwL. The fused area is 17% of the total area of the composite fabric. Each thread is wrapped on both sides by fibers anchored in the weld and held in place by the interaction of fiber tension and the coefficient of friction between the thread and fiber surfaces. Such a composite fabric can be effectively printed with a polyamide adhesive and used as a reinforcing core for supplementary fabric for cape uniforms, and in this case, the restoring force of the warp threads that are still movable in the nonwoven fabric is important. A strip of this material with a width of 5 cm and a length of 10 cnL is fixed in a tear tester, with the upper clamp gripping the 10 threads without webs, while the lower clamp grips the entire web with the remaining 15 threads. Fixed the strip width.

It was determined that the force required to move the yarn in the longitudinal direction was 23.3 P), that is, 2.33 bonds were attached to one yarn. Example 2 In the composite fabric according to Example 1, the proportion of bonding fibers was 50
% and the number of warp threads was increased by 50% by inserting a second thread every second row.

As measured by the method described in Example 1, a force of 4.66 P was applied to the longitudinal movement of the single yarn, while a force of 5.56 P was required for the double yarn. Example 3 Another composite fabric according to the invention was constructed as follows.

25 hand tubes arranged in parallel at 1.25 m 71 L intervals,
Two yarn aggregates made of polyester infinite yarns having a total fineness of 140 dtex were stacked one on top of the other at an angle of 900 degrees.

A 30y/d web made of 60 mm long nylon 66-6 core filament (3.3 dtex) is arranged above and below the arrayed insertion yarn, and both webs are thermoplastically bonded to each other with the T degree arrayed insertion yarn. It was fused. In this case, the size of the fusion point is 0.30m? NXO. 3Omm(
square), and the fused area is 5.
It is 76%. Composite fabrics are characterized by a soft texture and short stretch. Stiffening due to the so-called "plywood effect", which is a concern during lamination, is avoided because the inserted threads are movable relative to each other and relative to the outer layer. Nevertheless, the threads give the composite fabric high strength and short elongation, which, for example when used as a top fabric, prevents the build-up at the knees and elbows, which is observed with non-woven fabrics and felts. Example 4 According to the invention the fabric is a fiber mixture, i.e. 1.4/40
(1.5dtex) length 40mwL) polyester 70
and two web layers of 30% uncrimped polyester fibers (lower softening point than crimped polyester fibers) and a diameter of 0.05 mm inserted along between the web layers.
．． It consists of several copper cords containing 10 solid wires of 0.05 mm.

The electrical resistance of the above wire is 9.07 Ω/m. The weight of the web is 30V/m” on one side and 60y/m” on the other side.
77Z". The mutual spacing of the copper wires is 5n. The webs are strongly fused to each other in dots. Since the copper wires are located halfway between the two rows of welding points, local are fixed within the composite fabric and insulated from the outside by a web layer, but are not themselves susceptible to damage from the press pressure required for fusing. It is flexible like a textile and can be used for reprocessing into electric blankets, heated bandages, and heated wallpaper.Embodiments according to the invention are as follows.

1) By arranging insertion threads arranged in parallel in at least one direction between at least two thermoplastic material layers, and point-welding both thermoplastic material layers between the arranged insertion threads, Without the array insertion thread being glued to both layers,
A multilayer composite fabric characterized in that it is axially movable, contained in both layers and fixed in its geometrical position.

2) The composite fabric according to item 1 above, wherein at least one of the thermoplastic material layers is a nonwoven fabric containing thermoplastic bonding fibers.

3) Composite fabric according to items 1 and 2 above, characterized in that at least one of the thermoplastic material layers is a suitable plastic film.

4) The composite fabric according to any one of items 1 to 3 above, wherein the arrayed and inserted threads are made of textile threads, mineral threads, and/or metal threads.

5) The composite fabric according to items 1 to 4 above, wherein the arrayed inserted yarns include yarns of different thicknesses.

6) The composite fabric according to items 1 to 5 above, characterized in that one or several thermoplastic material layers are made of a nonwoven fabric containing crimped fibers and/or stretch fibers.

7) The composite fabric according to any of the above items 1 to 6, wherein the nonwoven fabric layer is made of a cloth known per se.

8) The composite fabric according to item 7 above, wherein the fabric is short fibers.

9) The composite fabric according to items 1 to 6 above, wherein the nonwoven fabric layer contains continuous fibers.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Arranging insertion threads arranged in parallel in at least one direction between at least two thermoplastic material layers, and point-welding both thermoplastic material layers between the arranged insertion threads, A multilayer composite fabric characterized in that the inserted thread is axially movable without being glued to both layers, is contained in both layers and is fixed in its geometric position.