DE2420710B2 - Process for the production of a covering with a decorative surface - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method of manufacture a covering with a decorative surface according to the preamble of claim 1.

It is already known to use a thermoplastic material on a removable carrier layer made of paper Apply resin in the form of an organosol as a layer and to fuse to form a non-porous transparent layer by heating. On this by cooling -> The hardened layer is placed on that of the carrier layer on the opposite side a colored pattern is printed with the color in the one below cured transparent layer does not penetrate. On the free side of the printed pattern a put an opaque layer on top of this one underlay ... layer applied from felt or the like. After completion of this layer structure, the carrier layer is applied deducted. This then appears through the transparent layer on a dark background ι '· located pattern recognizable, the covering with the Backing layer is attached to a floor or a wall (US-PS 26 96 452).

With the known method, only those coverings can be produced in which the pattern is a Häehenani *> ges structure is therefore not about an essential one Thickness of the covering also extends the pattern must be printed with exact outlines. If at If the pattern areas overlap, this affects the appearance of the finished covering / ^ disadvantageous.

It is also known to apply a layer of granules to a base layer, to sinter the granules by heating and from the side opposite the base layer into the sintered porous layer of the granules depending on the amount of paint, the viscosity of the paint, the particle size of the granulate layer and the porosity to allow the different colors of a printed pattern to penetrate the sintered layer to the desired depth and then to consolidate the layer arrangement by means of heat and pressure while reducing the thickness of the layer arrangement to form a uniform, non-porous layer (US Pat. No. 3,359,352). Although a depth extent of the color pattern is achieved w have the individual colors to the desired pattern to be applied according to exactly what requires a considerable effort

The object on which the invention is based is to develop the method according to the preamble ι- of claim 1 to design so that with He can produce a covering for him without great effort when applying the color sample, in which the Color samples also extend into part of the thickness of the covering

'* ■ The mapping required to solve this problem are summarized in the characterizing part of claim 1. üche describe advantageous developments of these measures.

The method according to the invention has the advantage that "· ■"'that. even if the color pattern is applied by overlapping the pattern areas of each color, upon completion of the covering on the visible side the individual colors compared to other colors, and the covering material have sharply defined ^M> contours. This means that an exactly drawn color pattern is achieved on the visible side without any special effort being required on the print side extends not only over the length and width of the pavement, but also over its depth in addition to these advantages

can be achieved with the measure according to dependent claim 3, the effect of a relief-like color pattern.

The invention is explained in more detail using the drawings, for example

Fig.! the sequence of the method according to the invention rens in the flow diagram,

F i g. 2 in section a part of a first embodiment a covering,

Fi g. 3 is a cut-out part of a perspective view second execution form of a covering,

FIG. 4 shows a third in a view like FIG Embodiment of the covering, and

FIG. 5 is a fourth in a view like FIG Embodiment of the covering

As if through the flow shear. > a con F-. G. I z ^ t is, t5 is first applied to a removable carrier ^ .; ir ^l t a layer in the form of a dry, niclu s ^^ - v.oizenen granulate The carrier consist of a wood material and ην * cmeiu release agent . A free-flowing powder, for example a homogeneous mixture of non-melted thermoplastic vinyl resin particles and liquid vinyl resin cement, is used as the dry C ^{J -uIat.} Fillers, pigments and stabilizers for the vinyl resins. The granulate layer is applied to the carrier layer in a thickness of 0.63 to 25 mm

The layer of dry, non-molten granules to be referred to as a dry mixture is then heated whereby the granules partially melted so that at the contact points between the jo grains a connection is established, when the layer of the dry mix said output strength from 0.63 to 2 $ mm has has the contiguous porous layer mm a thickness of about 030 to zl6. The connection at the contact points of the grains can also be made by heat activation of an adhesive coating.

A pattern is applied to the porous layer having thermoplastic and thermosetting resinous Farber then are curable by heat or chemical means or gellable w. The viscosity and the amount of paint applied is measured in such a way that the paint penetrates the porous layer to the desired depth, but at least up to! 0% of the thickness and, if necessary, over the entire thickness of the layer. When heat is applied, the inks gelled or hardened bind the dry mixture, so that the granules adhere firmly to one another in the printed area. The temperature at which gelling or hardening takes place is ' · » below the melting temperature of the granulate. Subsequently, a Unterlager.schicht is applied in the form of a permanent carrier, which can consist of asbestos felt, a resin-bonded glass fiber fabric or the like, which can be coated with pinpr plactiu> Ic ^ hw ^ ht before laying on the v, bednirWtp rmmw. ^ Hirnt . Subsequent heating causes the plastisol to gel and a composite laminate is obtained from which the removable carrier is removed.If the laminate has a smooth white surface, it is turned over and heated, whereby the granulate melts and a blowing agent, if present, is activated will.

If the visible side of the covering should have the appearance of an embossed surface, the * ··, final melting or sintering of the unprinted, colorless granules of the porous layer completely or partially removed, for example by using a solvent, by sandblasting, usually however, by mechanical brushing, which results in the cleaning of loose particles Vacuum, inflation of air or sweeping off follows this. This ensures that the sintered granules in the not printed areas up to the base or up to the Removed areas bound by color so that the covering has a relief-like pattern from the visible side, which can be provided with a wear layer. Through the final melting of the resin material, whereby a foam can be formed at the same time, the product is obtained

The in F i g. The covering shown in FIG. 2 has an underlayer 10 with a binding layer 8 on which the printed areas 2, 4 and 6 are held, while in the Areas 7 the loosely bound granules are removed. Part 3 of area 2 is from the Penetrated inks used for areas 4 and 6. Part 5 of area 4 is from the Color of area 6 penetrated.

The in F i g. 3 shown section of a ¹ : Floor covering has a smooth surface. The sintered, colored parts 12 and 14 extend through the molten granules to the lower layer 16, which consists of a molten plastisol in which a resin-bonded glass fiber mat 18 is embedded.The area 17 of the parts 14 is overprinted with the color of the part 12

The surface coating shown in Figure 4 has protruding melted, colored pattern areas 20 with different heights and colors, which extend up to a binding layer 21 on the lower layer 22, which consists of a glass fiber mat 24 which is embedded in a molten plastisol layer 26. The pattern areas 20 are through recessed areas 28 connected to a rough textured surface 30 made of granulate parts exist, which are embedded in the binding layer 21.

The surface coating shown in Fig. 5 is noticeable a base layer 40, a melted plastisol layer 38 comprising melted printing ink Granule areas 34 and 36 and a protruding solid colored molten area 32 The part 35 of the area 32 is overprinted with the color of the area 34L The part! 37 of area 32 is *, overprinted with area 36 color

From the visible side are the patterns printed on the underside, even if they are printed on overlap each other, recognizable as a sharply separated clear pattern.

The invention is explained in more detail with the aid of the examples

example 1

In a mixer, granules of the following composition mixed while warming from room temperature to 104 ⁰ C aui

Polyvinyl chloride
Dioctyl phthalate
Modified tin maleate
(Stabilizer)

Parts

100 15

The granulate is placed on a removable carrier layer in the form of an asbestos sheet at a layer height of

1.5 mm The web is applied clur-h a furnace out is heated in which the granules to a temperature of 132-143 ⁰ C. A porous, coherent layer with a thickness of 1.14 mm is obtained. After cooling, the sintered material is printed with a ceramic fineness pattern, the pattern having inks printed one on top of the other. Printing inks of the following composition are used:

said composition applied to the sealed surface, which is used as an adhesive for the The backing layer is then used, the removable backing layer and the loose granules are removed brushed out

A 0.10 to 0.15 mm thick layer of a plastisol adhesive is used in the third layer body the following composition applied:

Parts 10 Polyvinyl chloride Parts 100 Dioctyl phthalate 100.7 Polyvinyl chloride 32 Butyl benzyl phthalate ISJB Dioctylphthalal Epoxidized tallat 8.0 2.2.4-trimethyl-1,3-pentane 17th Liquid organic 3.0 diol diisobutyrate Vy Barium / calcium / zinc compound Modified tin maleate 2 Texanoi isobutyrate 3.0 (Stabilizer) 15.0 Pigment paste containing 5 This plastisol has a color pij Titate Oxide in Dioctylphthalai iffientiei

For the polyvinyl chloride three different particle sizes are used, so that three inks having three different viscosities obtained The printed web is then one to two minutes in an oven to a surface door tempera of 102 ⁹ C heated whereby the printing ink is gelled Subsequently, the obtained three Sheets further treated as described below

In the case of the first web, a backing layer is applied to the printed granulate layer using a 1.25 mm thick adhesive film which is extruded through a gap and has the following composition:

Parts Polyvinyl chloride 5OjO Dioctyl phthalate 15.0 ButyienbenzylphihaJat 3.0 Epoxidized soybean oil Z65 Liquid stabilizer based on barium and Cadmium compounds 2 ^ 5 Calcium carbonate 0.5

After removing the removable carrier layer, the unprinted granulate is brushed removed so that the visible side of the covering has a relief-like pattern. The covering is then removed Heated in an oven for two to three minutes at a temperature of 216 to 227 ° C, which results in the The granulate melts to form the finished coating that it is still being cooled down.

In the case of the second laminated body obtained, a top layer with an only slightly penetrating color is applied by means of screen printing in order to seal the surface against penetration by further coatings. The color has the following composition the recessed areas of the finished product have so !!. After the backing layer has been applied, the loose granulate particles are brushed off and the laminate body is removed after the removable backing layer has been removed by melting into the shape of the final product

2ί brought This end product is a relief-like floor covering with maximum indentations of 03 mm and a continuous color.

_m Example 2

A granulate of 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 40 parts of dioctyl phthalate and 2 ^Te: cases modified tin maleate as a stabilizer is au !: a releasable backing layer in a thickness of 1 mm uniformly

Ji applied The web is in an oven on 166 bis Heated to 177 ° C, a porous coherent layer with a thickness of 0.76 mm results After cooling, a pattern with abutting, differently colored areas are printed with the layer sjf its entire thickness of color is penetrated which, if necessary, can also be achieved by overpressure. The color has the following composition:

Parts

Polyvinyl chloride 100 Dioctyl phthalate 25 Texanoi isobutyrate 15

Stabilizer and pigment paste 2 Modified tin maleate and

Pigment paste (dioctyl phthalate) 5

A plastisol adhesive with a thickness of 020 to 0.25 mm and the following composition is applied to the sintered porous layer

Polyvinyl chloride Dioctyiphthalate Texanol isobuyrate Modified tin maleate

(Stabilizer)

Silicon dioxide

Parts

100

32

82

2
8th

Polyvinyl chloride Dioctyl phthalate Texanoi isobutyrate Modified tin maleate

(Stabilizer)

Silicon dioxide

TeBe

100 32

82

2
8th

After the colors have gelled and cooled, another 0.25 mm thick layer of A glass mat is pressed into the plastisol binder and the assembly is heated to 249 ° C. in an oven, which melts the granules

a surface with a smooth tread on which a clearly delimited pattern is recognizable, which goes through from the backing layer to the step side

Example 3

A CrarHai consisting of 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 40 ". J.ifi dioctyl phthalate and 2 parts of modified Zinnmaleät as a stabilizer as a uniform layer having a thickness of 1.27 mn ¹ on a releasable carrier applied The web is in an oven at 127-143 ° C heated The resulting porous coherent layer is 1 mm thick. After cooling, the porous layer is printed with an ink of the following composition:

Modified tin metal and pigment pasias (Dioctyl phthalate - 50% or more Silicon dioxide

2 8

Polyvinyl chloride Dioctyl phthalate Texanol isobutyrate Modified tin metal and pigment pastes (Dioctyl phthalate = 50% or more

file

100 25 15

A sealing layer of the following composition is applied to the printed porous layer:

Parts

Polyvinyl chloride 100 Dioctyl phthalate 32 Texenol isobutyrate 82

A plastisol binder with the following composition is then applied:

Parts

Polyvinyl chloride 100.0 Dioctyl phthalate 174 Butyl benzyl phthalate 8.0

Epoxidized Tallat 1.0 Stabilizer - liquid organic

Barium / calcium / zinc compound 3.0

Texanol isobutyrate 15.0 Fluorescent coumarin derivative

(White Meadier) 0.005

A glass mat is pressed into the sticky plastisol layer. The composite body is heated in an oven, during which the flowable resin material gels

When the carrier layer is detached, the body is turned over and the porous layer is brushed out, whereby the color-free areas of the loosely bound granulate are removed. The web is then heated to 232 ° C, whereby the remaining resin material melts a coating is obtained, the surface of which looks like embossed with the indentations between the overlapping, molten color containing areas of the molten Granulate layer are located.

For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings

J 539/196

Claims (7)

Patent claims: 1. A method for producing a covering with a decorative surface, in which a layer of thermoplastic material is applied to a removable carrier layer, a color pattern is applied to the free area of this layer, then a base layer on the color pattern and the layer arrangement formed in this way before or after removal of the Support layer is finally heated, characterized in that the thermoplastic material is applied in the form of a layer of dry, non-melted granules, that the granules are connected at their contact points by partial fusing or gluing to form a coherent porous layer, that to form the color pattern a first thermally curable color and at least one further thermally curable color are applied to selected parts of the porous layer on parts of the porous layer which are uncovered and covered by the first color, the viscosity and amount of the applied n color for penetration into the porous layer of at least 10% of the starch sufficient of this layer, and that before the final heating, the layer arrangement <~ far heated Wiid that at least the thermoplastic granules in the penetrated by color areas of the porous layer with the color connected. 2. Method .vrh claim 1. characterized in that the different colors in for a different penetration depth ■; measured amounts and viscosities are applied in the dit, odorous layer. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that this is not by color or on sintered granules bound to the backing layer after peeling off the backing layer before final heating is removed. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the porous layer over the whole Layer thickness is penetrated by the colors. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized that the resulting layer arrangement is heated to such an extent that it is not of color penetrated areas of the porous layer to a pore-free layer with the color penetrated areas merge. 6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each color is applied to the previously applied paint so that it has a larger surface area covered than the previously applied paint. 7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the Layer arrangement applied a coating layer on the side freed from the carrier layer will.