DE2420506B2 - Form of work for the manufacture of ceramic products - Google Patents
Form of work for the manufacture of ceramic productsInfo
- Publication number
- DE2420506B2 DE2420506B2 DE19742420506 DE2420506A DE2420506B2 DE 2420506 B2 DE2420506 B2 DE 2420506B2 DE 19742420506 DE19742420506 DE 19742420506 DE 2420506 A DE2420506 A DE 2420506A DE 2420506 B2 DE2420506 B2 DE 2420506B2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- mold
- open
- air
- molding
- manufacture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/26—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by slip-casting, i.e. by casting a suspension or dispersion of the material in a liquid-absorbent or porous mould, the liquid being allowed to soak into or pass through the walls of the mould; Moulds therefor ; specially for manufacturing articles starting from a ceramic slip; Moulds therefor
- B28B1/261—Moulds therefor
- B28B1/262—Mould materials; Manufacture of moulds or parts thereof
- B28B1/263—Plastics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/34—Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials
- B28B7/344—Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials from absorbent or liquid- or gas-permeable materials, e.g. plaster moulds in general
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/40—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material
- B28B7/44—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material for treating with gases or degassing, e.g. for de-aerating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/40—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material
- B28B7/46—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material for humidifying or dehumidifying
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
- Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
Description
Es ist bekannt, Arbeitsformen zur Herstellung keramischer Erzeugnisse aus Gips herzustellen. Ferner sind solche Arbeitsformen bekannt, die überwiegend aus _<5 kristallinen Stoffen, wie Schamotte, bestehen, welche mit organischen Bindemitteln, beispielsweise Phenolharzen oder glasfaserverstärkten Polyestern, gesintert, verklebt oder gepreßt werden. Diese bekannten Arbeitsformen weisen insbesondere den Nachteil auf, daß sie sehr schwer sind und daß sie den gewünschten Anforderungen beim Einsatz zur Herstellung keramischer Erzeugnisse nicht in jeder Beziehung genügen. Es; ist daher bereits vorgeschlagen worden (DE-OS 22 17 608), eine Kunststoffarbeitsform aus porösem Polyurethan für die industrielle Fertigung keramischer Erzeugnisse herzustellen, bei der im Falle des; Vorhandenseins einer Außenhaut diese an der Arbeitsfläche durch Aufrauhen entfernt wird. Dadurch werden die an der Oberfläche liegenden Zellen geöffnet. Diese Form ist zwar leicht und bruch- und verschleißfest, entspricht aber in ihren Eigenschaften noch nicht den gewünschten Anforderungen hinsichtlich der Qualität der geformten Erzeugnisse. Bei dieser bekannten Kunststoffarbeitsform aus Polyurethan handelt es sich im wesentlichen um solche porösen Polyurethane, deren Poren geschlossen sind.It is known to produce working molds for the production of ceramic products from plaster of paris. Further such forms of work are known, which predominantly consist of _ <5 Crystalline substances, such as fireclay, are made with organic binders such as phenolic resins or glass fiber reinforced polyesters, sintered, glued or pressed. These well-known Working forms have the particular disadvantage that they are very heavy and that they are the desired The requirements for use in the manufacture of ceramic products are not sufficient in every respect. It; has therefore already been proposed (DE-OS 22 17 608), a plastic working form made of porous Manufacture of polyurethane for the industrial manufacture of ceramic products, in the case of; If there is an outer skin, this is removed by roughening the work surface. This will be the cells lying on the surface are opened. Although this shape is light and resistant to breakage and wear, but does not yet meet the desired quality requirements in terms of its properties of molded products. This known plastic working form made of polyurethane is essentially about those porous polyurethanes whose pores are closed.
Um bei dieser Arbeitsform aus Polyurethan aber trotzdem während des Einsatzes an bestimmten Stellen zwischen Formfläche und Formling eingeschlossene Luft entweichen lassen zu können, befinden sich an diesen Stellen mehrere symmetrisch angeordnete, nach außen konisch erweiterte Bohrungen. Nachteilig wirkt sich bei diesen Löchern jedoch aus, daß sie verstopfen können und daß die Entformung des Formlings erschwert wird.In this way of working from polyurethane but still at certain points during use To be able to let air trapped between the molding surface and the molding escape, there is a need these points several symmetrically arranged, outwardly conically enlarged holes. Has a disadvantageous effect However, with these holes, they can clog and that the molding of the molding can be removed from the mold is made more difficult.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Arbeitsform für die Herstellung keramischer Erzeugnisse der im Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 angegebenen Art zur Verfügung zu stellen, die keine Bohrungen in der Formwandung aufweist, bei der aber die zwischen Formfläche und Formling eingeschlossene Luft trotzdem entweichen kann.The present invention is therefore based on the object of a working form for the production of ceramic To provide products of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1, the has no bores in the mold wall, but in which the one enclosed between the mold surface and the molding Air can still escape.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Form an den Stellen, an denen zwischen Formfläche und Formling Luft eingeschlossen werden kann, aus einem offenporigen, luftdurchlässigen Material besteht. Bei der Form nach der Erfindung treten an den Stellen, an denen eingeschlossene Luft entweichen kann, keine Verstopfungen auf, so daß die Form ohne Unterbrechungen im Einsatz bleiben kann.The object is achieved in that the shape at the points where between Mold surface and molding air can be enclosed, made of an open-pored, air-permeable material consists. In the case of the mold according to the invention, occur at the points where trapped air escape can, no blockages, so that the mold can remain in use without interruptions.
Da die Luft bei der Herstellung von tassen- und becherförmigen Formungen am Boden der Form eingeschlossen wird, bildet das offenporige Material für solche Formen vorzugsweise ganz oder teilweise -den Boden der erfindungsgemäßen Arbeitsform.Because the air is used in the manufacture of cup-shaped and cup-shaped molds at the bottom of the mold is included, forms the open-pore material for such shapes preferably completely or partially -den Bottom of the working form according to the invention.
Ferner wird bevorzugt, daß das offenporige Material hydrophil ist und somit die gewünschte Saugfähigkeit hat. Bei Verwendung eines solchen Materials wird der Trocknungs- und Entformungsprozeß erleichtert.It is also preferred that the open-pored material is hydrophilic and thus the desired absorbency Has. When using such a material, the drying and demolding process is facilitated.
Für die erfindungsgemäßen Zwecke können grundsätzlich alle geeigneten durchlässigen Materialien mit offenen Poren eingesetzt werden. Vorzugsweise verwendet man jedoch erfindungsgemäß hydrophile, offenporige keramische Körper sowie Meiallfilter mit feinsten Pcren, wie sie beispielsweise mittels der Elektronenstrahltechnik hergestellt werden können.In principle, all suitable permeable materials can be used for the purposes according to the invention open pores are used. However, according to the invention, preference is given to using hydrophilic, open-pore ceramic bodies and Meiallfilter with the finest Pcren, as for example by means of the Electron beam technology can be produced.
Im Falle eines keramischen Körpers wird dieser vorzugsweise durch Brennen einer Formmasse bei etwa 1320°C hergestellt. Geeignete Formmassen bestehen hauptsächlich aus Poliertonerde sowie Ton; als Bindemittel für die Formmassen werden zweckmäßig Kunstharze verwendet. Als offenporige Materialien eignen sich beispielsweise auch hochporöse Sinterwerkstoffe, wie sie von G. S t e m ρ e I in der VDl-Zeitschrift, 1960, Nr. 27, S. 1302 -1306, beschrieben sind.In the case of a ceramic body, this is preferably made by firing a molding compound at about 1320 ° C. Suitable molding compounds mainly consist of polishing clay and clay; as a binder Synthetic resins are expediently used for the molding compounds. As open-pored materials highly porous sintered materials are also suitable, as described by G. S t e m ρ e I in the VDl magazine, 1960, No. 27, pp. 1302-1306.
Die für die erfindungsgemäße Arbeitsform verwendeten offenporigen Materialien weisen vorzugsweise mindestens die gleichen mechanischen Eigenschaften wie das Material auf, aus dem die Form im wesentlichen besteht.The open-pore materials used for the working form according to the invention preferably have has at least the same mechanical properties as the material from which the mold is essentially made consists.
Bei der Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Arbeitsform wird das offenporige Material in die Form eingebettet. Bei der Herstellung einer Form nach der Erfindung aus Polyurethan kann der offenporige keramische Körper in die Urform eingebracht werden, so daß er dann beim Schäumvorgang in das geschäumte Material eingebettet wird. Man kann das offenporige Mattrial jedoch auch auf eine beliebige andere Weise mit dem restlichen Formkörper verbinden bzw. in eine passende Aussparung innerhalb der Form einbauen bzw. einkleben.During the production of the working form according to the invention, the open-pored material is put into the form embedded. When producing a mold according to the invention from polyurethane, the open-pore Ceramic body can be introduced into the original form, so that it then in the foaming process in the foamed Material is embedded. However, the open-pored material can also be used in any other way Connect to the rest of the molded body or install it in a suitable recess within the mold or glue.
Die vorliegende Erfindung läßt sich mit besonderem Vorteil auf Arbeitsformen aus Kunststoff, insbesondere aus Polyurethan und Epoxidharz, anwendenThe present invention can be used with particular advantage on working molds made of plastic, in particular made of polyurethane and epoxy resin
Die Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing.
Fig. 1 zeigt eine Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Arbeitsform, die aus geschlossenporigem, luftdurchlässigem Polyurethan besteht und bei der der Boden durch einen hydrophilen, offenporigen keramischen Körper 3 ersetzt ist. Unterhalb des Körpers 3 ist ein Luftloch 2 ausgespart. Der keramische Körper 3 wird durch Brennen einer Formmasse aus 65% Poliertonerde, 35% Ton und 8% Kunstharz bei 13200C hergestellt. Die Wasseraufnahme des keramischen1 shows an embodiment of the working form according to the invention, which consists of closed-pore, air-permeable polyurethane and in which the bottom is replaced by a hydrophilic, open-pore ceramic body 3. An air hole 2 is cut out below the body 3. The ceramic body 3 is produced by firing a molding composition made from 65% polishing alumina, 35% clay, and 8% resin at 1320 0 C. The water absorption of the ceramic
Körpers 3 beträgt etwa 35%. Der Körper hat eine für den Formgebungsprozeß ausreichende Porosität und Saugfähigkeit, welche sich aus seiner Feinporigkeit ergibt. Der keramische Körper 3 wird vorzugsweise beim Einschäumen des Polyurethans in die Urform in das Polyurethan eingebettet.Body 3 is about 35%. The body has sufficient porosity for the shaping process and Absorbency, which results from its fine pores. The ceramic body 3 is preferably embedded in the polyurethane when the polyurethane is foamed into the original form.
F i g. 2 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Arbeitsform. Ein Metallfilter 4 mit allerfeinsten Poren bildet einen Teil des Bodens der Form 1, die ansonsten aus geschlossenporigem, luftdurchlässigem Polyurethan besteht. Das Metallfilter 4 muß sehr feinporig sein, um eine gute Qualität des Formlings bei guter Entformbarkeit zu gewährleisten.F i g. 2 shows a further embodiment of the working form according to the invention. A metal filter 4 with the very finest pores form part of the bottom of mold 1, which is otherwise made of closed-pore, air-permeable polyurethane. The metal filter 4 must be very fine-pored in order to have a good quality of the To ensure moldings with good demoldability.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Arbeitsformen können na-The working forms according to the invention can na-
türlich auch aus anderen Kunststoffen, insbesondere porösen Kunststoffen ohne ausreichende offene Porosität, oder sonstigen geeigneten Materialien bestehen. Beispiele dafür sind thermoplastische Kunststoffe und Gießharze, z. B. Epoxyde oder Polyester, sowie kristalline, mit organischen Bindemitteln, z. B. Epoxydharzen oder glasfaserverstärkten Polyestern, gesinterte, verklebte oder gepreßte Materungsmittel. Magerungsmittel, die generell in Frage kommen, sind u a. Quarz, Korund, Feldspat, Schamotte in bestimmten Körnungen, vorzugsweise werden verwendet Aluminiumoxid technisch, Quarzsand- und Feldspatmehl. Auch keramische Massen und Metalle, insbesondere porös gesinterte Metalle, sind als Formenmaterial geeignet.Of course also from other plastics, especially porous plastics without sufficient open porosity, or other suitable materials. Examples are thermoplastics and Casting resins, e.g. B. epoxies or polyester, as well as crystalline, with organic binders, z. B. epoxy resins or glass fiber reinforced polyesters, sintered, glued or pressed materials. Weight loss agent, which generally come into question are, among others. Quartz, corundum, feldspar, chamotte in certain grain sizes, Aluminum oxide, quartz sand and feldspar flour are preferably used. Ceramic too Masses and metals, in particular porous sintered metals, are suitable as mold material.
Hierzu 2 Blatt ZeichnungenFor this purpose 2 sheets of drawings
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DD17058273A DD103408A1 (en) | 1973-05-03 | 1973-05-03 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2420506A1 DE2420506A1 (en) | 1975-01-30 |
| DE2420506B2 true DE2420506B2 (en) | 1978-07-27 |
| DE2420506C3 DE2420506C3 (en) | 1979-03-29 |
Family
ID=5491080
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19742420506 Expired DE2420506C3 (en) | 1973-05-03 | 1974-04-27 | Form of work for the manufacture of ceramic products |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5030909A (en) |
| CS (1) | CS169766B2 (en) |
| DD (1) | DD103408A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2420506C3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2227937B3 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1451123A (en) |
| HU (1) | HU174384B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0140682A1 (en) * | 1983-10-28 | 1985-05-08 | Hitachi, Ltd. | A method for producing a ceramic article |
| AT384575B (en) * | 1983-03-23 | 1987-12-10 | Karlovarsk Porcelan Oborovy | BASE FOR MAKING CERAMIC SHAPES |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT342483B (en) * | 1975-10-29 | 1978-04-10 | Oesterr Heraklith Ag | PRESS FORM FOR MANUFACTURING LIGHTWEIGHT WOOD WOOL PANELS |
| US4386708A (en) * | 1981-02-12 | 1983-06-07 | American Can Company | Container reject system |
| JPS60114708U (en) * | 1983-12-29 | 1985-08-03 | 松永 凱晴 | Formwork equipment for cylindrical concrete products |
| FR2668093A1 (en) * | 1990-10-23 | 1992-04-24 | Canard Germain | MOLDS FOR PRESSING FORMATION OF CERAMIC OR SIMILAR OBJECTS. |
| DE19609126A1 (en) * | 1996-03-08 | 1997-09-11 | Schumacher Umwelt Trenntech | Mould for dewatering slip cast porcelain |
| CN105014777B (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2017-03-08 | 广东皓业青花彩瓷股份有限公司 | The master mold of ceramic cup product and its using method |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1241751B (en) * | 1962-02-20 | 1967-06-01 | Hans Schuhmann | Process for the production of absorbent, capillary-active casting molds |
| DE1683921C3 (en) * | 1966-08-27 | 1981-07-30 | Naamloze Vennootschap Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken, Eindhoven | Method and device for the production of magnetizable moldings from ceramic material |
-
1973
- 1973-05-03 DD DD17058273A patent/DD103408A1/xx unknown
-
1974
- 1974-04-27 DE DE19742420506 patent/DE2420506C3/en not_active Expired
- 1974-05-01 GB GB1906174A patent/GB1451123A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-05-01 JP JP4922274A patent/JPS5030909A/ja active Pending
- 1974-05-02 FR FR7415204A patent/FR2227937B3/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-05-03 CS CS321374A patent/CS169766B2/cs unknown
- 1974-05-03 HU HU74SI1400A patent/HU174384B/en unknown
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT384575B (en) * | 1983-03-23 | 1987-12-10 | Karlovarsk Porcelan Oborovy | BASE FOR MAKING CERAMIC SHAPES |
| EP0140682A1 (en) * | 1983-10-28 | 1985-05-08 | Hitachi, Ltd. | A method for producing a ceramic article |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2420506A1 (en) | 1975-01-30 |
| GB1451123A (en) | 1976-09-29 |
| CS169766B2 (en) | 1976-07-29 |
| JPS5030909A (en) | 1975-03-27 |
| HU174384B (en) | 1979-12-28 |
| DD103408A1 (en) | 1974-01-20 |
| FR2227937A1 (en) | 1974-11-29 |
| FR2227937B3 (en) | 1977-03-04 |
| DE2420506C3 (en) | 1979-03-29 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |