DE2420433A1 - GRIPPER WEAVING MACHINE - Google Patents

Description

BE 15,862

PATENT ADVOCATE. DIETRICH LEVVInSK-HEINZ-JOACHiM HUB ·. «PURE PRIETSCH

Georg Fischer Aktiengesellschaft / Schaffhausen (Switzerland)

Rapier shuttle loom

The present invention relates to a rapier shuttle loom, with a shuttle running through the shed "the entry" of a weft thread, which by means of at least one asynchronous linear motor is driven and possibly also braked.

Weaving machines with gripper and bobbin shuttle for inserting the weft thread into the shed on the basis of traveling magnetic fields are known in various designs. In a first embodiment (DT-PS 813 830? 851 928 } 1 006 357? DT-OS 1 535 595), devices arranged along the entire contactor track, for example by switchable direct current electromagnets or alternating current magnetization in a suitable circuit and with a suitable frequency, an electromagnetic traveling field is generated. The archer who acts as an anchor * -

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plate or is designed as a permanent magnet or one Electromagnets is frictional due to this traveling field driven. The shooter is responsible for reducing the frictional forces between your shooter and the warp thread caused by the relatively large, transversal shooter attraction usually provided with rollers or cogs, which run over the warp thread supported by a flat running surface. Nevertheless -is due to the high friction of the shuttle on the shuttle guideway, a low drive efficiency, a wear the running surface and the risk of warp thread destruction cannot be avoided. Another disadvantage is that to generate the electromagnetic Moving field over the entire length of the Schützenbahn a stator fixed to the sley is used, whose Most of the iron parts generate an additional moment of inertia for the sley movement. Because iron only allows a limited magnetic flux, large iron cross-sections are required for the required shear forces on the shooter to be provided, whereby the mass to be accelerated is large, which results in a correspondingly large energy dissipation during braking Consequence. . '-

In a second embodiment, the shooter is also activated by a magnetic effect across the entire shooting range Wanderfeid positively driven. The web shuttle is designed as a magnetic armature, its guidance through ferromagnetic guide plates reaching into the shed is taken over, so that the shooter slides through the shed without the. Touching warp thread. The baffles also serve the Support of the web protection and for the magnetic field closure of the traveling field (DT-PS 1 066 958 and 1 072 569). Although at this embodiment, the risk of warp thread destruction largely excluded, there are 'difficulties in

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the formation of the necessarily to be carried out as thin lamellae Baffles. They should be both stiff and wear-resistant so that they can withstand the reaction forces of the Protect as far as possible not be deflected and subjected to a drive.

In general, in the above-mentioned embodiments, those with alternating current or with direct current and a Collector generate the electromagnetic traveling field, difficulties for starting and braking of the protection, as this at the lowest frequencies and voltages with high currents at the same time. In addition, there is the risk that the protection device will not be synchronized with the traveling magnetic field. -

In a further known embodiment for shuttle looms (US-PS 2,135,373) is used for the electromagnetic drive of the shuttle moving back and forth through the shed linear induction principle, i.e. an asynchronous linear motor, is used. For this purpose, the web shooter wears that of the known Squirrel cage winding corresponding secondary winding and the necessary magnetic return made of highly permeable material, e.g. iron. Another disadvantage of this embodiment is the effect of the mass of the magnetic yoke material to its own mass on the shooter inertia.

Due to a special design of the linear motor, however, the magnetic return material can be applied to the stationary stator of the Linear motor (GB-PS 763 362). Here, the coil-carrying part of the contactor is provided with an additional drive part in the form of a thin, non-magnetic metal sheet, which engages in the air gap of the stator to drive the contactor. It is suggested that the driving, respectively.

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braking linear _orsystem depending on the force required to be arranged either over the entire width of the weave or only over part of the same. The additional drive plate takes the shooter has a relatively voluminous shape, which means that due to the relatively large compartment opening, long distances from the Web-.la.de and the reed must be overcome. The acceleration and deceleration of the relatively large coil contactor mass also requires relatively high rotor winding currents. The resulting heating of the rotor results a decreasing efficiency of the drive arrangement, and there is a risk of the warp thread being destroyed.

The invention is based on the object of a rapier shuttle loom of the type described at the outset in such a way that the disadvantages of the known embodiments are avoided, in that not only the relatively heavy stator of the Sley is removed, but also the shooter can be built more massless than before. This object is achieved according to the invention solved in that the linear motor is arranged in the weft insertion direction outside the warp or the shed, the shuttle consists essentially of electrically conductive, non-magnetic material and for driving or braking practically completely engages in the air gap. .

The invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings and described below. Show it:

1 shows a schematic, spatial representation of an embodiment a linear motor as a firing and braking mechanism for a shooter with an interrupted circular shape, which is guided into the linear motor by means of a guide bar and in the shed by means of slats,

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Fig. 2 different embodiments of the protection in Cross section, where

a) an interrupted circular shape

b) an interrupted polygon shape -

c) an interrupted rectangle shape

d) an interrupted elliptical shape

e) an S-shape

f) a dumbbell shape

g) a meander shape

shows,

FIg =, 3 a vertical section through the shed in scheiuatic Representation, with arranged on the sley guide lamellae for a shuttle with interrupted Circular shape, as well as the position of the sley when beating ,

Fig. 4 shows a vertical section through a shuttle guide bar in the linear motors with an air bearing for the web shooter,

Fig. 5 is a schematic, three-dimensional representation of an

Guiding form of the shuttle with a thread clamping device ,

Figure 6 is a front view _{o, ff} in_schematischer representation of the mounted on the sley guide plates for the shuttle-(shown in section) according to Fig., 3 ^ -and-

Fig ₀ 7 is a schematic, three-dimensional illustration of the winding of the stator of a weft and brake work _o

Ir FIg. 1 is a shooting mechanism 1 and a braking mechanism 4 for one Contactors 9 are shown, both as asynchronous linear motors

"are formed. With 7 the guidance of a shuttle 10 is shown in the shed, which, like the other parts known from conventional weaving machines", such as reed, shafts, etc. , the better one. Uefaerslcht in FIg. 1 has been omitted. 9 denotes a shooter to be introduced into the weft or acceleration mechanism 1, for example a gripper mechanism, to which the weft thread is coupled (in a manner not shown) in a delivery mechanism or which is provided with a weft thread stitch adapted to the fabric width » Br is attached to the Suführbalken Ii in a manner not shown and mechanically inserted into the stator 2 of the weft 1 in synchronism with the other weaving machine units. Here, it is accelerated by the stator 2 in the prevailing magxie- diagram traveling wave velocity and leaves the plant 1 shot at this speed _o A Führuiigsbalken 3 _e on the shooter 9 is guided deai ;, consisting with FORTEIL hachpermeablen from a material of, for example _f. lasielllertem soft iron, _ its. The outer surface is provided with a tamper-proof cover if necessary. The guide bar 3 has two functions: it guides the shooter mechanically within the stator 2 and then serves as a magnetic return path for the stator 2. After leaving the firing or accelerating mechanism 1, the shooter slides (in this position with: 10) on Fülirungslaraellen 8 introduced into the shed of shuttle guide 7 through the shed "The weft I is arranged like the braking mechanism arranged at the opposite end of the shed ■ laterally outside the Kefcfc © fasw" of the shed. After leaving the shed, the shooters are deflected into the stator 5 of the breaking mechanism 4 by a guide bar 6 and then in a suitable manner _for S ₀ B ₅₁ electrical equipment

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by direct current and countercurrent braking or by oversynchronous Braking, decelerated to a residual speed. Synchronize with this with a corresponding phase shift the processes known from conventional weaving machines, such as thread braking, thread cutting, the tissue attack, the subject change, the tissue edging, etc. The shooter 10 leaves with his remaining speed the stator 5 of the braking mechanism 4 and passes through a not shown Conveying device to the delivery mechanism and to the input side of the firing mechanism 1 back. '

For power transmission to the shooter 9 in the firing or acceleration mechanism 1, a linear motor that works according to the asynchronous principle is used, its excitation can be done by continuous alternating current with constant frequency. Here the timing of the launch must be controlled the firing frequency of the shooters can be taken over by the mechanical slide-in unit.

In order that in the linear motor without contactors, small hold the load losses in the stators 2, 5, the air gap must be minimized, which is achieved by a thin-walled design of the shooter 9 _f 10 *

The excitation of the linear motor can also be carried out with pulsed alternating current, the pulse train having a cadence corresponding to the firing frequency owns.

A further measure for saving energy can be a change during the acceleration of the contactor 9, 10

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Traveling field speed take place, for example, by a locally changed magnetic pole spacing along the acceleration path (with constant excitation frequency for the linear motor) or by an excitation frequency for the linear motor that changes over time during the acceleration of the contactor.

The shooter 9 is useful in terms of high efficiency thin-walled or at least partially designed with thin-walled drive surfaces for the electromagnetic drive. Any further properties required for the shooter 9, 10 can be achieved through a suitable shape and through the guidance of the protection in the shed can be achieved. Various forms of protection are available here, such as they are shown in FIG. The shooter 9, 10 shown in Fig. 1 has the cross section shown in Fig. 2 under a) in the form of a circular ring piece. In addition, however, other cross-sectional shapes are possible, some of which are shown in FIG are shown under b) to g). Depending on the selected cross-sectional shape the guide bars 3, 6 and the guide lamellae 8 as well as the geometric shape of the stators 2, 5 must also be adapted. Also shown in Fig. 1 are supports 17 of the guide bars 3, 6 according to the selected shape of the shooter cross-section adapt.

Fig. 3 shows in cross section a wide open through the warp thread 26 formed shed 13, a reed 14 and the guide slats 8. The latter two are attached to the sash 15. After the shuttle 10 has passed through the shed, which is guided by the guide lamellae 8, the sley 15 is removed from the Drawn rest position around a pivot point placed below the subject in the direction of arrow 16 to the left in the dashed line drawn position swiveled. With this movement the

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Guide lame Ilen 8 pivoted out of the shed 13 / so that only the reed 14 remains in the shed 13 and the weft thread inserted by the shooter 10 hits the fabric 25.

In Fig. 4 is a cross section through that in the stators 2.5 arranged Führbaiken 3,6 and the shooters 9 shown. The guide bars 3, 6 ■ are acted upon by compressed air, which forms an air cushion between the surface of the guide bars 3, 6 and the inner surface of the shuttle 9. The air supply takes place through a feed line 17a in the support 17 of the guide bars. The air is through radial channels 19, which in a open axially in the shooter guide beam 3, 6 air duct 18, in the air gap 20 between the shooter 9 and the Guide bars 3, 6 released.

In Fig. 5, the local arrangement of a thread clamping device is schematically 21 shown on the shooter 9, which essentially has a cross section shown in Fig. 2 under a). The shooter 9 has conical tapers or rounded edges 22 at its two ends. According to the geometric In the form of the thread clamping device 21, recesses must also be provided in the * stators 2, 5 as well as in the guide bars 3, 6 and the guide lamellae 8 in the shed In Fig. 1, 3, 4 and 6, for the sake of simplicity, »For electromagnetic shooter acceleration and deceleration mainly serve the lateral contactor parts 23, which to for this purpose made of a material with good electrical conductivity, for example Aluminum. -.

6 shows the guide lamellae 8 arranged on the sley 15, the distances between them corresponding to the length of the shuttle 10 are to choose. They therefore do not have to be as close as the reed sticks 24 of the reed 14, which is a stiffer design

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the same allowed to the "transmitted by the shooter 10 by friction to reduce lateral deflections.

The feasible with the guard cross-sections according to FIG Inner guide of the shooter, especially from Fig. 3 and 4 for the shooter cross-section shown in Fig. 2 under a) As can be clearly seen, there is the advantage that the warp thread division when the guide lamellae 8 are extended and retracted in the shed is unproblematic, as the warp threads cannot get tangled on the guide lamellas.

It is essential that at least one asynchronous linear motor is used in the described embodiment according to FIG Entry direction is arranged outside the warp or the shed. The shooters are guided as required within the linear motor and either only on a part or over the entire length of the shooting path through the shed. When using an asynchronous linear motor for the shooter acceleration the shooter is used as a linear squirrel-cage rotor, with the traveling magnetic field preferably of three-phase Alternating current is generated. With this arrangement of the acceleration mechanism, the shooters can be thin-walled and at least be partially made of aluminum, which allows compliance with a low shooter mass.

The inventive application of this concept for the Rapier shuttle loom is made by the Fadenkleram or Storage device determined payload and the Nutsvoluiuen am Protect kept relatively small. This makes it possible to attach this payload to the shooter in such a way that it acts as the drive mechanism does not significantly interfere in the air gap of the linear motor.

Furthermore, the individual grapple shooter can

cadence can be controlled in such a way that an intermittent cooling down becomes possible. ■.

If the cut hollow shape, e.g. a cross-section according to Figs. 2a - 2d, is used in particular for the shooter, then the stator 2, 5 run in the cylinder winding known from the tubular linear motor. There you have the advantages the constructive simplicity and the reduction of the electrical line losses and at the same time through the cut Hollow shape of the protection 9, 10 good accessibility to Chute guide bar.

7 shows this type of winding on the basis of the three-dimensional representation of the principle of a section of the firing stator 2. To make the winding visible, it is mainly made of iron Stator 2 drawn partially cut open. The solenoids 28 are located in the grooves 27 of the stator 2 and enforce. likewise the support 17. This, consisting of non-magnetic material, extends through the coil group 28 like a comb and Holds the guide beam 3.

With the guide lamellas 8 it is possible to protect against Wear and to reduce friction the contact surface of the To provide guide lamellas with a corresponding cover, which is also attached to the corresponding surface of the shooter will. ';

Instead of the guide lamellae attached to the sley, it is also possible to use guide lamellae whose movement is by means of controlled by a separate drive shaft. If the fabric is relatively coarse, they can also be fixed in the shed, in which case the reed reed slides past the guide lamellae in order to beat up the weft thread. Finally is

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it is conceivable that the guide lamellae also execute the shot stop allow.

With a linear motor designed as an acceleration mechanism, those known from conventional shuttle weaving machines can be used Brake arrangements are combined.

However, if the braking is used with an arrangement similar to that of the firing mechanism 1, those known from linear motors can be used Braking methods are used.

By using linear motors as acceleration and Braking mechanism is a prerequisite for low-noise operation of a loom. Since the shooter with very low Can be built mass v / earth, the rate of fire can also be increased while the power consumption remains the same.

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Claims (1)

Claims Rapier shuttle loom with a shuttle that runs through the shed and carries out the insertion of a weft thread, which is driven and, if necessary, also braked by means of at least one asynchronous linear motor, characterized in that the linear motor is arranged outside the warp or the shed in the weft insertion direction is, the shuttle consists essentially of electrically conductive, non-magnetic material and for the drive or practically completely engages in the air gap of the linear motor for braking. 2. Loom according to claim 1, characterized in that in the linear motor and at least over part of the web of the shuttle (9, 10) in the shed (13) a shuttle guide (7) is arranged. 3. Loom according to claim 1, characterized in that the stator carrying the current-carrying winding (2, 5) of the Linear motor forms a cavity in which a bar (3, 6) serving the magnetic return path at the same time as Guide of the shuttle forming the runner (9, 10) is arranged. 4. Loom according to claim 2, characterized in that, the shooters (9, 10) by engaging in the shed, fixed in place on the machine frame or in the shed Guide lamellae that can be swiveled in and out, for example arranged on the sley or controlled by a separate drive shaft (8) is performed. 409845/0380. 5. Loom according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in "/ that the shooter is an elongated thin-walled element (9) with a guide surface, which is the outside the shooter guides (3, 6, 7) surrounds. 6. Loom according to claim 5 / characterized in that the Cross section of the protection forms a partially open hollow shape (Fig. 2a-2d). 7. Loom according to claim 5, characterized in that the cross-section of the shuttle is flat, for example S-shaped, meander-shaped. 8. Loom according to claim 3, characterized in that an extension (11) of the shuttle guide bar (3, 6) is arranged on the side of the linear motor facing away from the shed is. 9. Loom according to claim 3, characterized in that the shuttle guide bar (3, 6) is acted upon pneumatically Has guide surface for the shooter. 10. Loom according to claim 1, characterized in that the linear motor used as the braking mechanism (4) as a generator is switched. 11. Loom according to claim 3, characterized in that ■ the shuttle guide arranged in the linear motor carries current Wears windings. 12. Loom according to claim 1, characterized in that 409845/0380 the acceleration mechanism is excited by a continuous alternating current of constant frequency. 13. Loom according to claim 1, characterized by the excitation the acceleration and / or braking mechanism by means of pulsed alternating current. 14. Loom according to claim 1, characterized by a during the shooter acceleration and / or deceleration changing with the port movement of the shooter - * de magnetic traveling field speed. 15. Loom according to claim 14, characterized by a .Locally changed magnetic pole spacing along the acceleration path - with constant excitation frequency of the linear motor - or by one during the shooter's acceleration excitation frequency that changes over time for the linear motor. 16. Loom according to claim 4, characterized in that the guide surfaces of the shuttle (9, 10) and / or the guide .rungspartien the 'guide lamellas (8) have a coating, for example to reduce friction or wear. 17. Loom according to claim 1, characterized in that the winding is subdivided into ring windings (28) which are perpendicular in planes in annular grooves (27) of the stator (2, 5) to the weft insertion direction. March 28, 1974 My / ip * - 409845/0380 Blank page