DE2402030A1 - Capacitative electrode for measuring water content of plants - has carefully controlled porosity and may be applied round stem of plant - Google Patents

Capacitative electrode for measuring water content of plants - has carefully controlled porosity and may be applied round stem of plant

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Publication number
DE2402030A1
DE2402030A1 DE2402030A DE2402030A DE2402030A1 DE 2402030 A1 DE2402030 A1 DE 2402030A1 DE 2402030 A DE2402030 A DE 2402030A DE 2402030 A DE2402030 A DE 2402030A DE 2402030 A1 DE2402030 A1 DE 2402030A1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
electrode
plant
water content
plants
carefully controlled
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
DE2402030A
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German (de)
Inventor
Wolfgang Dipl Phys Dr Issel
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Individual
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Individual
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Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE2402030A priority Critical patent/DE2402030A1/en
Publication of DE2402030A1 publication Critical patent/DE2402030A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/22Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
    • G01N27/226Construction of measuring vessels; Electrodes therefor

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)

Abstract

Two electrodes may be used for measuring the water content of a living plant; they consist of bands approx. 10 mm. wide and they may be wrapped round the stem of the plant with their nearest edges approx. 10 mm apart. The electrode consist of insulated coils of copper wire. The wire is insulated with lacquer and is bent into sinusoidal waves. The turns of the wire are then embedded in silicone rubber which is permeable to water vapour. The degree of permeability is carefully chosen. The outside of the assembly is then coated with a film of Mylar (RTM). One of the coils is supplied with HF from a generator, and the signals from the other coil are amplified and rectified.

Description

Kapazitive Elektrode für Feuchtemessung an Pflanzen Die erfindung betrifft eine kapazitive Electrode für Feuchtemessung an Pflanzen.Capacitive electrode for moisture measurement on plants The invention relates to a capacitive electrode for moisture measurement on plants.

Durch diese kapazitive Elelctrode ist es riöglich, nit den bekannten kapazitiven Feuchtemeßverfahren in situ auch an lebenden Pflanzen zu messen.With this capacitive electrode it is possible to use the known capacitive moisture measurement method in situ on living plants.

Dies ist von großem Ilutzen in der Landwirtschaft und in der Bewässerungstechnik, denn mit Hilfe der beschriebenen Elektrode kann direkt von der Pflanze auf einfachem IJee ein Meßwert gewonnen werden, womit der Wasserhaushalt derselben beurteilt und wonach die künstliche Bewässerung einer bebauten Flache gesteuert werden kann (Pilotbaum).This is of great use in agriculture and in irrigation technology, because with the help of the electrode described can be taken directly from the plant on simple IJee a measured value can be obtained with which the water balance is assessed and according to which the artificial irrigation of a built-up area can be controlled (pilot tree).

Das kapazitive Meßverfahren ist bereits bekannt. Ein Beispiel hierzu ist die Messung des Abbindens von Zement im Reagenzglas (s. Abb. 1).The capacitive measuring method is already known. An example of this is the measurement of the setting of cement in the test tube (see Fig. 1).

(Zeitschrift Electronics 31/1958 ITr. 41 S. 88, J.M. Tobio: Elektronische Bestimmung des Abbindens von Zement).(Journal Electronics 31/1958 ITr. 41 p. 88, J.M. Tobio: Electronic Determination of the setting of cement).

Um ein Reagenzglas sind zwei Elektroden aus Kupferfolie geschlungen (1) und (2). Ein ochrrequenzuenerator (3) liefert Spannung an die Elektrode (1). Über die Elektrode (2) wird der kapazitiv über das Meßgut (4) gelangte Hochfrequenz strom entnommen und einem Gleichrichter und Verstärker (5) zugeführt. Die Meßspannung wird durch ein Meßinstrument (6) zur Anzeige gebracht.Two electrodes made of copper foil are wrapped around a test tube (1 and 2). A frequency generator (3) supplies voltage to the electrode (1). The high frequency capacitively passed through the material to be measured (4) is transmitted via the electrode (2) current drawn and fed to a rectifier and amplifier (5). The measuring voltage is by a meter (6) brought to the display.

Tjendet man die Ileßanordnung von Abb. 1 auf lebende Pflanzen an (z. B. am Stamm von Bäumen, um den Wasserhaushalt zu messen), so ergibt sich folgende Schwierigkeit: Der Meßwert hleibt nicht reproduzierbar wie am Reagenzglas, sondern driftet unkontrolliert vorzugsweise zu höheren Werten ab. Der Grund ist der, daß das lebende Gewebe Wasser abdunstet und sich dieses Wasser unter der gegen Wasserdampf undurchlässigen Elektrode sammelt. Die darunter liegenden Zellen quellen auf und bewirken durch das Ansteigen ihres tssergehaltes die Drift des Meßwertes.If the measurement arrangement of Fig. 1 is applied to living plants (e.g. B. on the trunk of trees to measure the water balance), the following results Difficulty: The measured value is not reproducible like on a test tube, but preferably drifts to higher values in an uncontrolled manner. The reason is that the living tissue water evaporates and this water under the against water vapor impermeable electrode collects. The cells below swell up and cause the drift of the measured value by increasing their oil content.

Mit der Zeit werden diese Zellen infolge der hohen Feuchte sogar durch Fäulnisbakterien und Pilze zerstört.Over time, these cells even penetrate due to the high level of humidity Putrefactive bacteria and fungi destroyed.

Nimmt man andererseits eine völlig dampfdurchlässige Elektrode, wie sie z.B. ein Kupfernetz darstellt, so zeit sich, daß eine Drift nicht mehr auStritts jedoch die Außenlurtreuchte so stark auf den Meßwert einwirkt, daß die Messung unbrauchbar wird und auch eine Kompensation nicht möglich ist. Dadurch ist es gegenwärtig notwendig, bei einer völlig dampfdurchlässigen Elektrode mittels vergleichsweise aufvxendiger Technik im Luftraum um die Elektroden eine Regelung der Luft feuchte vorzunehmen, um die starke Verfälschung der Meßwerte durch die natürlichen Schwankungen der Luftfeuchte zu vermeiden.On the other hand, if you take a completely vapor-permeable electrode, such as For example, if it represents a copper network, it takes time for drift to no longer occur however, the external humidity has such a strong influence on the measured value that the measurement is unusable and compensation is not possible either. Therefore it is currently necessary in the case of a completely vapor-permeable electrode by means of a comparatively complex Technology in the air space around the electrodes to regulate the air humidity, about the strong falsification of the measured values due to the natural fluctuations in air humidity to avoid.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Nachteile beider Elektrodenarten zu vermeiden, um einen unverfälschten Meßwert zu erhalten. The object of the invention is to address the disadvantages of both types of electrodes to avoid in order to obtain an unadulterated measured value.

Dies wird dadurch erreicht, daß eine Elektrode mit eingestellter Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit entwickelt wurde, die darüber hinaus noch weitere Vorteile aufweist: Sie paßt sich durch die Wellung des Elektrodendrahtes dem Wachstum der Pflanze an und ist vorzugsweise lichtdurchlässig.This is achieved by using an electrode with adjusted water vapor permeability was developed, which also has other advantages: It adapts itself through the corrugation of the electrode wire to the growth of the plant and is preferred translucent.

Diese Elektrodenausführung, wie sie in Abb. 2 dargestellt ist, erlaubt eine Diffusion des Wasserdampfes nach außen so, daß keine Ansammlung von Wasser unter der Elektrode auftritt, und andererseits verhindert sie durch ihre begrenzte Durchlässigkeit, daß eine änderung der Luftfeuchte in der Umgebung der Elektrode wesentlich auf den Meßwert eingeht. Die kleine verbleibende Abhängigkeit des Fleßwertes von der Umgebungsluftfeuchte läßt sich leicht auf elektronischem Wege kompensieren.This electrode design, as shown in Fig. 2, allows a diffusion of the water vapor to the outside so that no accumulation of water occurs under the electrode and, on the other hand, prevents it from being limited by its Permeability that a change in humidity in the vicinity of the electrode essentially goes into the measured value. The small remaining dependence of the Fleßwert the ambient air humidity can easily be compensated electronically.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel ist in Abb. 2 dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben.An exemplary embodiment is shown in Fig. 2 and is described below described in more detail.

Ein sinusförmig gewellter Cu-Lackdraht wird in mehreren Windungen um den Stamm oder den Stengel geschlungen (7), eine Schicht Silikonkautschuk (8) folgt und schließlich eine Mylarfolie bestimmter Dicke (9). Die polige bestimmt vorzugsweise die Durchlässigkeit0 Sie kann auch azegbleiben, Jedoch ist dann die optimale Wasserdamfdurchlässg keit der Elektrode allein durch die Dicke der Kautschukschicht schwer einzustellen.A sinusoidally corrugated enamelled copper wire is made in several turns wrapped around the trunk or stalk (7), a layer of silicone rubber (8) follows and finally a Mylar sheet of a certain thickness (9). The pole is determined preferably the permeability0 It can also remain azeg, but then the optimal water vapor permeability of the electrode solely through the thickness of the rubber layer difficult to adjust.

Statt mit Cu-Lackdraht, Silikonkautschuk und Mylarfolie kann die Elektrode auch aus leitfähigem oder durch Zusatz von Ruß oder Silberpulver leitfähig gemachtem Silikonkautschuk mit oder ohne IIylarfolie aufgebaut werden. Der iTachteil einer solchen Elektrode kann in der durch die Füllung mit Pulver stark verminderten Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit (Gefahr der Drift) und in ihrer Undurchsichtigkeit liegen (Veränderungen der Pflanzenoberfläche).Instead of using enamelled copper wire, silicone rubber and Mylar foil, the electrode also made of conductive material or made conductive by adding carbon black or silver powder Silicone rubber can be built up with or without a nylon film. The disadvantage of a Such an electrode can result in the water vapor permeability being greatly reduced by the filling with powder (Risk of drift) and their opacity (changes in the plant surface).

Claims (1)

Patentanspruch:Claim: Kapazitive Elektrode für Feuchtemessung an Pflanzen dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Elektrode eine bestimmte eingestellte Durchlässigkeit gegen Wasserdampf ,auSweist.Capacitive electrode for moisture measurement on plants characterized by that the electrode has a certain set permeability to water vapor , shows. L e e r s e i t eL e r s e i t e
DE2402030A 1974-01-17 1974-01-17 Capacitative electrode for measuring water content of plants - has carefully controlled porosity and may be applied round stem of plant Pending DE2402030A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2402030A DE2402030A1 (en) 1974-01-17 1974-01-17 Capacitative electrode for measuring water content of plants - has carefully controlled porosity and may be applied round stem of plant

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2402030A DE2402030A1 (en) 1974-01-17 1974-01-17 Capacitative electrode for measuring water content of plants - has carefully controlled porosity and may be applied round stem of plant

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DE2402030A1 true DE2402030A1 (en) 1975-07-24

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998057160A1 (en) * 1997-06-12 1998-12-17 Erhard Schnell Detector for measuring electrolytic conductivity

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998057160A1 (en) * 1997-06-12 1998-12-17 Erhard Schnell Detector for measuring electrolytic conductivity

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