DE2365879A1 - PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE FOR ANESTHESIC BREATHERS - Google Patents

Description

Patent attorneys
Dipl. In ..;. H. Hou
DiOi. Phys. W. Sch
Dipl. I v. _; . E. ".-Rf-n Diel, i .-- ■: ... 'V.. Ν..'

; Melvyn L. Henkln

! " _Ftc , _A. . _. April 6, 1976

19640 Greenbriar Drive ^c

■ "·, ·. = · N" Ariwaltsakte: M-3889

Tarzana, California, USA

The invention relates to a pressure relief valve for evacuating breath

gas from the breathing gas circuit of an anesthetic ventilator.

An anesthesia ventilator is described in DT-AS 1 904 222! in which the air exhaled by the patient is replaced by a CO ₀ -! Separator is passed. From there, the exhaled air enters a breathing bag, to which oxygen and anesthetic gas are supplied at the same time by a supply unit of the anesthesia ventilator, in order to keep the composition of the gas mixture then re-inhaled constant, via a pressure relief valve connected to a connection line from the breathing bag to a breathing mask as much gas mixture flows out of the breathing circuit as the new mixture is supplied to the breathing circuit by the supply unit. In anesthesia ventilators there is always the risk of pathogens being transmitted from one patient to the other, since the parts of the anesthesia ventilator that carry the breathing gas in the circuit

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j are difficult to disinfect. Another problem with

; Anesthetic ventilators is the setting and compliance
a desired pressure in the connection line to the breathing mask,

The invention is therefore intended to provide a pressure relief valve for anesthesia. ventilators are created that have a simple structure

and an optional presetting of the pressure in the breathing mask
enables. This object is achieved according to the invention by a; Pressure relief valve according to claim 1. ι

The pressure relief valve according to the invention can optionally be on two ^! work different ways. First of all, it can be used as a pressure relief valve j with variable throttling of the expelled breathing gas.

be det; but it can also be used as a pressure-balanced valve! be set, which when charged with a positive tax pressure closes, the supplied control pressure optionally from the j

are abgäLeitet i anesthesiologist of different pressure sources kanft, depending on which type is made of ventilation (spontaneous Be-j breathing, manually or mechanically assisted ventilation ι controlled ventilation). ,

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and to warn the anesthetist if an overpressure « State

Although the need for the use of _{CO 2} absorption material is essentially eliminated in the devices according to the invention, in view of the special circumstances and preferences of individual _{anesthetists, a Cu 2} absorption channel is provided which is optional from the anaesthesia can be used in a circle. Uer ΚαηΓΗςτ is preferably so designed that it is easily in line with

The invention is illustrated below with the aid of several examples Connection with the drawings described, ^ a shows

jrig 1 a perspective view of an anathesis

ventilation device according to the invention wherein both the disposable and the permanent part of the device is shown

flg 2 is an enlarged perspective view in which the disposable part of the device shown in flg. 1 is better shown with the intermediate area between the disposable and the permanent part

iris · 3 an echematic otrömungüblld a · «An & ethesle circle according to ^: i3 of the invention ι

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ir lg · * a 3chematic3 flow picture of a single one Kohree (agill type) of an anesthetic circle a device of the invention;

Figure 5 is a side view partially broken away, with in detail the intermediate surface zone of the device according to Jrig. 2 between the disposable and the remaining part is shown;

Fig. 6 is a plan view, partly broken away, wherein the interfacial zone of those shown in i'ig «5 Device shown is ι

JTig. 7a and 7b intersected with line 7-7 of the jrig. 5, where two different positions of the control valve are shown, the device pressure and the To connect the fan pressure old to the control opening of the exhaust valve}

, 8 a section essentially along line 8-8 of Jr ¹ Ig. 5t showing a third position of the control valve

a section essentially along line 9-9 of 'lg · 5 »whereby the valve in the control valve for ver Change of the exhaust opening of the exhaust valves shown let;

JTlg. 10 a settlement showing the relationship between the control valve glue and the outlet opening of the control valve is shown ι

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Jrig. 11 a side view _t in which the & inatm_ung3 »

valve and the fastening unit for connecting the disposable anaataesiekreisga with the remaining part of the device are g € rs @ lgt ι

Jfig., 12 a perspective view of the in irig. 11 fastening device shown;

13 is a perspective view of the FIG. 11 Inhalation valve shown j

/ ig 14 a Jeitenansicht, partly broken away, in which the end of the facing the patient Circle and in particular a preferred Ϊ-otückausführung that the Auaatmung3ventil and containing the overpressure safety valve is shown are ι

i "ig · 15 a cut essentially along line 15-15 of / ig. 14 1

J ¹ Ig. 16 is an enlarged section, essentially

after line 16-16 of the * ig. 15i being details of the overpressure safety valve are shown;

fig. 17 a section essentially along line 17-17 the Aig 14ι

ilg. 18 a section of a preferred form a « Reservoirs according to the invention for separating a mechanical fan from the gas of a Batientenι

fig · 19 an ikshnitt essentially along line 19-19 the day · 18ι

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tfig · ZQ © © deitenansicht la in which the type and a else ISTJ shown as the reservoir is structurally arranged in the apparatus tfiguron 18 and 19 and further wherein the arrangement of a canister with CC ^ -vbsorptionamaterial between the reservoir and the binatmungsventil shown is;

Jf'ig. 21 is an enlarged vertical section through the -ibeorptionskania tor der if ig. 2U »

Kig. 22 essentially follows a horizontal section Line 22-22 of the * ig. 21 y

23 a perspective view similar to FIG. 2,

with the exception of the use of elastic sections to prevent sudden increases in pressure © within the device;

• 24 @ iß @ n section essentially along line 24-24

the J ( ¹ Ig, 23}

;, 25 © inen ochnitt essentially along line 25-25 the Fig. 24ι

26 a vertical section similar to that of Jfig. 24 However, © ines> modified version of the elastic section, the overpressure release enables ι

Fig, 2? a section essentially along line 27-27

aiaf ^ rIg ₀ 1 Borag g «aöfflsatii, in the one

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Anesthesia ventilation device according to the invention shown » represents is. In short, they are in Jrig. 1 shown beat « Eung 3 device a common anesthesia borrowed * -

designed, echine 10, which allows the anesthesiologist / appropriate anesthesia «to measure and mix agents and then to feed them to a supply» hose 12 with a suitable pressure bia to 50 paig Anesthesia circuit 14 is supplied to the patient. The anesthesia circuit 14 works firstly to carry the gases to the patient and to bring them into contact with the patient's airway via a fask or an intotracheal tube. Second, it serves as Keüervoir _v between the variable Otrömen in and out of the latienten and the constant feed rate. Third, to eliminate excess gas from the device. Fourth, to reduce the inhaled i ^ concentration to an acceptable KaS. In any case, it is used to support the patient's breathing or to control it by manual or mechanical means.

The machine 10 is normally provided with sockets 13 for mounting a fastening armea 16 provided as otütze for the Anä3theaiekreie and the pressure gauge 18 is used.

ivi «already remarked it is extraordinarily difficult and inconvenient to completely close all patient exposed parts of an anesthetic device after use sterilize. Accordingly, it has long been known that the use of anesthesia equipment is a major one Poses a risk of mutual contamination between patients

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In recognition of this great danger, efforts have already been made to manufacture the parts that come into contact with the patient cheaply enough to make throwing them away after a single use economically viable. üiese attempts have so far been only moderately successful because di © © ^ conducive "äostenainöeruag UNAE on M.ost@a the Functioning of the reliability achieved wurd @" Me u ^ fin & clothes is on ®1b® Anästheöi @ ¥ orrichtuaR: "directed, di ® is designed so that the effort and cost of the part to be discarded amounts to a mini mm, the part to be discarded containing all those elements which may contaminate the gas inhaled by the patient. In short, the invention discloses two Forms of application of disposable an-istheaie circles, which can be interchanged and easily coupled with a common permanent part of the device. t ^! he two versions of the anesthesia groups represent modifications of the circles, which are known on the one hand as an anesthesia circle and on the other hand as an anesthesia circle with a single Kohr (Magill type). According to the invention, the remaining part of the device comprises the milling machine 10 up to and including the free end of the fastening arm 16. The disposable part of the device can easily be attached to the free end of the fastening arm 16 by means of a quick-release coupling.

More specifically, the Kreie 14 with reference to fig di · · mounted on the bracket 16 by means of einer.Befestigungsvorrichtung 20, to be described in more detail below · The attachment arm 16 comprises a blow-off valve 22 which is mounted near its free and ·. ie below

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the anesthetist can open the valve 22 optionally actuate via a manually controlled * valve 24.

The fastening arm 16 and the parts attached to it, e.g. The blow-off valve 22 forms part of the permanent, reusable part of the device similar to the preferred one Embodiment of the invention. The üreia 14 forms the disposable part and assigns all the üleaente between the Fastening device 20 and the connecting means with the Luftweg de ».Patienton auf, ss.B · a face mask 26 · The Fastening device 20 can be quickly connected to the fastening arm 16 connected or dissolved by it and forms a gas flow path around the gas supplied through the hose 12 to lead through the area 14 au the mask 26 and CO ^ enriched Gases exhaled by patients are jcu dem

Blow-out valve 22 to direct «The in iig. Shown 2 · Jtreia

forms an anesthetic _{circle 9} whereby the otrösnmgsweg leading through is to be described in connection with JfIg * 3. In order to facilitate the designation of the elements, it is pointed out that the circle 14 of the element. 2 has an inhalation valve 23 through which fresh gas that is drawn into the hose 12 is also fed to the aim 16 via an inhalation pipe 3U to a Y-piece 32 ₁ which is connected to the valve 26; the inlet side of B, inatmung3vent; ils 28 in connection.

The Y-piece 32 is also old to the inlet end of an exhalation tube 36 connected, in which an exhalation valve in no thus arranged (not shown in * lg, 2). The omnipotent

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The breathing tube © e 36 is with the fastening device 2υ and stands old on the left side © of the Keaervoir Link"

The circle points to what will be better understood in the following According to an important feature of the invention, a discharge pipe 33, which extends from the ϊ-JtiLck 32 back to the fastening device 20 $ where ea sua the £ .inla3 opening of the out « blaaventils 22 is connected.

Ka reference is now made to Figures 3 and _B *, which schematically show the otrömungswege of the two air travel guides according to ¹ ? Show the invention ,, erstena nänlieh an anesthesia · circle (Figure 3) and secondly Einan circle with a single tube of idagilltype (i'ig "4> _e Before the Gasströsungawege these two circles will consider & _f - is © s © ^ slehtlich "You" know that the "is from" patient © "exhaled" Gaa can be viewed as dead "space gas and alveolar gas" uae i'otraumgas occurs tpSrt * only in ά & η fcund, di® iiaee and large passages in the lungs and does not react with the atrö through the lungs "inenden blood. Therefore, the Totraumgas leaves the patient as it enters it, except for changes in temperature and moisture · üs gives neither oauarstoff from (O ₂₎ nor anesthesia" Bittel and also does not absorb any jiohlenstoffdioxyd (Oüg) "

On the other hand, the alveolar gas reacts with the blood of the lungs and leaves the patient poor in O2 and rich in oil. In an adult with a respiratory volume of $ 00 c® ^ 150 cnr are normally 'i'otraomgas and $ 50 cnr are normal alveolar gas Hg »3« ad 4 and moderate

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Invention 00 designed so that they keep the dead space and non-ventilated gas within the system, while they preferably _{discharge the (JO 2-} rich alveolar gas through the blow-out valve 22. With an i'riach gas inflow of more than 4 liters per minute, the inhaled Cu ₂ A concentration acceptably low without requiring the use of UU ₂ absorbent material in the device.

as is now referred specifically to FIG. 3, "in accordance with the invention showing the otrö" mungsweg through an anesthesia circuit. The dash-dotted line 40 in FIG. 3 represents the interface between the disposable part on the left and the remaining part on the right. 3 of the alinlaßaeite 43 of the *; inatinu; ng3ventil8 28 supplied The fresh gas enters via a small jar opening (not shown) with a high pressure drop and thus prevents any flow to the remaining part and thus contamination with the exhaled gas of the patient The inlet side of the breathing valve 28 is also connected to the reservoir 34. The breathing valve allows a flow only in the direction indicated by the arrow on the outlet side, so that gas can be breathed through the patient from the patient Breathing tube 30 permits Qas exhaled by the patient is fed to the inlet side of the exhalation valve. The outer side of the exhalation valve 44 is connected to the aforementioned outer blow tube 38 and the exhaust tube 36. The other end of the exhalation tube 36 is connected to the anesthesia machine of the device with the reservoir. Uras äiaschinenende of the auto blow tube 38 is bit the blow-off valve 22 in connection and forms a part

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the remaining part of the device "

When operating the anaathesis circle of the irig. 3, Irish gas flows into the areia via daa Kohr 42, with the din and exhalation valves 28 and 44 keeping the flow in the Kreia in the same direction .ungsventil 28 while calibrating includes Aueatraungaventil 44, wherein jfrlschgas and gas from ae ~ n Keservoir 34 and the i-inatnomgsrohr 30 flows into the airway dea patient via the mask 26 '.enn the patient exhales, either spontaneously, or because the The pressure in the reservoir has decreased, the ventilation valve 44 opens, while the ventilation valve 28 closes so that the patient flows to the ventilation pipe 36 and into the reservoir 34. At the same time, tfirachgaa enters the fresh gas inlet 42 and flows primarily into the keservoir.

At some point during the exhaustion during spontaneous ventilation, the keystone 54 fills, with the gas near the patient end of the circuit beginning to flow through the exhaust pipe 38 and out of the exhaust valve 22, which during spontaneous ventilation is merely overpressure "riding variable orifice valve with an opening pressure of an anti-H ₂ 0-meter uäule operates · Pieces Gaa _t daa which latter is leaving the latienten is alveolar gas, which is rich in CO _2. The dead gas exhaled by the patient prior to exhaling the alveolar gas is either further upstream in the external air tube or is in the expandable reservoir where the alveolar exhales

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Operation during manually assisted ventilation, that is, when the keeervoir is being pressed, is similar to operation during spontaneous ventilation, but oil drainage occurs from the exhaust pipe 38 during isinatmena, that is, when the keservoir is pressed due to the pressure in the device. An optional and preferred mode of operation during the manually assisted and controlled ventilation consists in automatically forcing the blow-out valve 22 to be closed while breathing in when the reservoir is being pressed, whereby it can open during exhalation, see below When describing the mode of operation of the blow-out valve; * in conjunction with j? 'ig'5, the anesthetist can select such an operating mode for the blow-out valve so that the blow-out valve 22 closes tightly when the device pressure is reached in response to the pressing of the keservoire increases, α, ίη releasing the pressure exerted on the keservoir 34 reduces the pressure within the circle, so that when the patient exhales, the fotraumgaa first flows through the exhalation tube into the keservoir 34, whereupon daa exhaled Alveolar gas then flows through the blow-out tube and out of the blow-out valve 22 3.

In summary, it can thus be said that the blow-out valve preferably only during spontaneous ventilation forms a variable opening as a return discharge valve, the calibration opens in response to the pressure inside the device · during the manually assisted or controlled Ventilation preferably closes in the exhaust valve

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Address saaf the pressure within the device, ie. the Kinatnung

As will be seen below, the mode of operation of the blow-out valve 22 is determined by the pressure which is fed to a control opening 47. The valve 24 enables any one of three control pressures to be available at the outlet opening 49 in order to be supplied to the outlet valve control opening 47 and to determine the mode of operation of the outlet valve. In short, the control inlet opening 47 of the blow-out valve 22 can be set to the surrounding pressure via the valve 24 and the tube 5 assisted or controlled ventilation, the valve 4B _t so that the expansion valve closes tightly during the cinatmena is set so that the tube 52 is connected to the exhaust valve control opening 47 in order to supply device pressure »\ -> except for a mechanical fan and the b @ ¥ © MUgt® overflow reservoir guide is used, which should be noted in the following in connection with figs the Auablaaventil 22 is closed when the device during the i, inatr _: © ßs und © r Druck'gese tzt ist®

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fa is now on iig. 4, in which a static otrömungsbilde of an Anädthe-iiekkreise is shown with a single ear, which is often referred to as the so-called wagill-type Kreia, ibin Magill-type circle is characterized by the use of a single breathing tube * »6ü instead of the bin - and exhalation tubes 30 and 36 of the in * ig. 3 shown & reiee3. The gas flow through the breathing tube 60 of the year. 4 takes place alternately towards the patient while breathing and away from the patient while exhaling, uer wlagilltypkreis the tfig. 4 does not require the use of the bin and exhalation pressure control valves, as is characteristic of the ivreia according to i? Ig · 3.

v. when the patient is using the circle according to fig. 4 during inhales spontaneous ventilation, he sucks in irish gas from the iinla ^ tube 6½ and the reservoir 64. When you exhale flows the initially inhaled gas that the dead space g & s forms, back through the breathing tube 6g into the piping reservoir 64. If the reservoir 64 is filled, the following flow exhaled alveolar gases via the exhaust pipe 66 to the exhaust valve 22. As noted earlier, the permanent device » Part interchangeable with both shown in Figures 3 and 4 Prices are used

During spontaneous ventilation, when using the Circle according to the year. 4 the blow-out valve 22 described above Used as a pressure relief valve with variable drip opening by supplying the ambient pressure via the pipe 50 and the three-way valve 24 to the control opening 47 of the

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Blow-out valve, if the ventilation is supported or controlled by pressing the 3 reservoirs 64, it is necessary to operate the blow-out valve 22 in such a way that it closes in response to an increase in pressure during idling, since otherwise CO _2- enriched gas will be in the device is retained Vrährend irish ^ ae flows out through UEAs blow-out valve. jjieee mode is selected, indenr. either device pressure of Kohr 5 ?. via the valve 24 of the Auablasventilsteueröffnung 47 or V'entilatordruck about Kohr 54 and the valve 24 of the Jteueröffnung 47 supplied will.

Reference is now made to Figs. 5 and 6, in which structural details of the free indea dee fortification sanr.ee 16 and the circular section of the fastening device 2υ connected to arm 16 are shown.

The fastening arm 16 is provided with a Wtppel ? O , which extends from the underside and is used for connection to the fresh gas supply hose 12 mentioned above. The barrel 70 is connected to a jrrischgaekanal 72, which extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the arm 16, juer Kinsl ^f; 2 opens out at the end face 74 of the arm 16.

A ring shaped recess 76 is i "" ».anal 72 near the

Btrirnflache 74 is provided in which a u-ring 78 is added is, which is a Kohretück of the fastening device 2υ » tend that engages in the channel 72.

In addition to the & anal 72, the arm 16 has a channel 8U, the also opens out in the itirnflache 74 of the array 16. '

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A ring-shaped recess 82 is in the channel 80 near the end face 74 is provided, in which a U-ring 84 is received, the one iiohrstück the, fastening device 2ü sealing encompasses what will be described in more detail below 3 oll ·

^{1 As} already noted with reference to Figures 4 and 5, the multi-way control valve 24 is used to control the mode of operation of the blow-out valve 22. The control valve 24 can be operated by a band, but optionally one of the three previously mentioned sources with the control opening of the blow-out valve In a first position, the ambient pressure is supplied to the control opening. In a second position, the circuit pressure is supplied to the control opening. In a third position, the fan pressure is supplied to the control opening, ie It can be seen that it is possible to automatically ensure that the outlet throttle opening of the exhaust valve is fully open when either /. free pressure or fan pressure is supplied to the control opening, which depends on the operating mode that occurs during the manually assisted and controlled Ventilation for use comrrit. ”If, on the other hand, ambient pressure is supplied to the control opening, which is in it In the first line during the spontaneous ventilation of the / all iat, means for changing the size of the outlet droplets are automatically moved to the appropriate position.

as can also be seen in Figures 5 and 6, this shows Inflation valve 22 an inlet opening ^ Q? on that calibrate an externally threaded nipple 93 extends

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furthermore, the blow-out valve 22 has an outlet opening 94 and di © previously mentioned - »opening 47. The Xippal 95 is screwed into the arm 16 and connects the cinla3 opening 92 with the lireisdruck in the xanal Bu. Jie * usla-3 opening is 94 through a short «t-; ohr Si? with an opening 96 ir. Housing of the control valve * 24 connected. The tax opening 4V is through a short tube 97 with the aforementioned opening 49 des -> teuerven.tila 24 connected.

The blow-off valve 22 has a housing, the upper section 98 of which is screwed into the lower section 99, the latter being screwed into the nipple 93. Between the facing end faces of the sections 98 and 99 there is an elastic membrane. .b; in @ ocheib® 101 lies on the underside of the membrane 1üü and an ocheöS ©! 1ü2 extends from the disc 1ü1 downwards «, the plunger 102 © extends, sealed by a feate v.and 1ü3, into a recess which is in a shoulder 104 of a valve disk;» 105 tforgeaehen. isine between the Λand 1uJ and the Jch®ib «1ü1 supported o-screw compression spring 106 surrounds the utöS @ l 102 _e

In the case of the blow-out valve 22, ambient pressure acts on the upper surface of the embryo in, the valve 106 pushes the. 5, in which there is a distance to the bottom of the recess in the Λη-set 104 of the V®ntilt®llere 105 on _{white o} In the following, the valve disc 1ü5 _{0 of} the normal wi iti® is close to the “. easerkante 1ü7 des Nipp © la 93 rest ₉ ang®hob®n, if the uruck in the sewer

™ 23-6098357 0 379

a first tfaB, E.B, exceeds 1 cm vaasersäule by one Allow gas to flow through channel 80 from opening 94.

If, on the other hand, the upper surface of the 2;: embranch 100 is pushed with overpressure (vo * i circuit or the fan above the control valve 24, as will be described below), the tfenbran 100 is bent downwards until the otööel 102 in the recess; of the Aneatzea 104 is seated, with the valve disk 105 in tight grip with the better «edge 107 correct. It is pointed out that the effective area of the membrane 100 is greater than the effective area of the valve disk 105, * o that the valve disk 105 closes tightly when the same materials are fed in via the control opening 47 and the inlet opening 92 and the ^ mok on the b "ombrane exceeds a second waB _1, for example, 5 cm> aaaeräüule.

With the control valve 24- an anesthetist can either Ambient pressure, circuit pressure or fan pressure of the control opening 47 for actuating the exhaust valve in the previous one as mentioned, if, as can be seen, ambient pressure is delivered, the control valve 24 allows the anesthetist likewise the size of the outlet opening 94 and thus the redonation gas velocity also to change the blow-off valve. '.If circuit pressure or fan pressure is supplied, remains the Aualaßöffnuns 9 * fully open.

The control valve 24 also consists of a straight spool valve • in a housing, the upper part of which is 107 * in a lower part 1C8 screwed in i3t. The lower part 1 08 has an ait Externally threaded nipple 109 which is screwed into the arm 16. I extends one through the nipple 109 middle hole that connects the blowout inlet port 96 via ^

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which Arn 16 connects with tinea fiippel 110. An outlet hose

111 is with? the nipple 110 connected to used gas preferably from the operation space to remove any to prevent harmful effects on the personnel present.

A _U 8 described above, it is clear * that three different pressure sources (including ambient pressure) to the inlet "side of the control valve 24 are connected, which are connectable by the anesthetist selectively with the opening 49 to about the pipe 9? «To establish in connection with the air blower vent 47. One of these three sources has circular pressure (corresponding to the pipe 52 in Fig. 3), which is via the nipple

112 connecting the nipple 112 to the nipple 114 Hose 113 in connection with channel 80 of arm 16 can be brought. The second pressure source supplies the fan pressure (corresponding to the tube 54 in FIG. 3) via a nipple 115, * as more detailed in connection with the description of the Figures 16-20 should be explained.

A connection between either the nipple 112 or the Kippe1 115 with the opening 49 is established by the position of the Rotary slide 116 controlled, which is rotatably arranged in the lower housing part 108. The rotary valve 116 is with a parts 117 connected, on which a button 118 is attached, which is used for manual operation by the anesthetist. The inner surface of the housing section 1ü8 is grooved and 119, each of which accommodates an O-ring 120. Of the Rotary valve 116 is provided with a .jlitz 121, the calibrate around part of the circumference of the same over an

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corresponding length extends in order to bridge the distance between the nipples 112 and 115 and the opening 49. When the rotary valve 116 is rotated into the position shown in FIG. 7S, the slot 121 connects the NiPP 115 to the opening 49. When the rotary valve 116 is rotated into the position shown in FIG. 7S, it connects the ochlitz 121 άβη nipple 112 with the opening 49. Ut. To make it easier for the anesthetist to adjust the rotary slide, the button 108 is preferably provided with an indicator 122 which snaps into two positions in a suitable manner.

Un the opening 4 "optionally with a third pressure source, ie" h "corresponds to the ambient pressure ^ corresponds to the tfohr 50 of the tfig. 3) to bring in connection, the rotary valve 116 is provided with a further Jchlitz 125 which extends the same by more than 180 °. The ... slot 123 is vertically offset with respect to the slot 121, but is still able to establish a connection with the opening 49 (see Fig. 8) via a vertical ochlitas 124 which connects to the opening 49. The slot 125 is connected to the ambient pressure via a channel 126 extending through the rotary valve 116, the elle 117 and the stop 108. Since it is necessary to prevent a connection between the slots 121 and 123, the Drehjchieberumfanfpfläche and l _n inner face dea lower housing part is formed correspondingly conical, whereby a .Feder 127 surrounds the shaft 117 to push the rotary vane in the tapered housing so that the ochlltze are sealed with respect to each other

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2365873

¹ can Aie mentioned above is ®ß desired, the anesthetist the ötrönung from the blowout opening changed 9 ^ of the blow-out valve "sary control _s when the purge valve works as a pressure" valve, that a sufficient supply of gas is maintained within dea circuit to ensure ^ . If, on the other hand, the blow-out valve is actuated in the balanced veiae, 63 is awake because <3 the blow opening of the blow-out opening is wide open. To achieve this, the rotary valve is provided with a valve portion 128, the same from the lower end extending downward and ao ge · formed is da3 he variable covers the opening 96 when the knob 1üS and the rotary slide are rotated 116th The changeable cover of the opening 96 is best seen in the development in FIG. 10, which shows how the valve part 128 moves over the opening 96. t, e iet note au, da3 the valve portion DI® opening 9S only covered if the ochlits 123 &&% · opening 49 communicates and is located 9β from the mouth and has no influence on when the ochlitz 121 in conjunction the opening 49 is not.

.Front surface 74 dea fastening armea 16 let with two provided forwardly protruding pins 130, of which pass with an annular groove 131 arranged on the front band is. These pins 130 are used for alignment and support of the fastening device 20 on the Ann 16, ura a mechanical one Supports and establish a flow connection.

Reference is now made to Figures 11 and 12,

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in which the fastening device 20 is shown more clearly. The fastening device 20 is inside Channels that end with nipples that can be brought into connection with matching parts. The fastening device has a large vertical bore 152 cut into nipples 133 and 134 opens, which preferably have a conically tapering outer diameter tone 22 mm. The nipple 134 is in the upper opening of the reservoir 34 (see / ig. 5 and 7) insertable, while the nipple 133 engages in a correspondingly conical bore in the housing of the breathing valve 28, as FIG. 3 is also shown in FIGS. 5 and 7. Kin Nipple 136, which also has a 22 mm outer diameter measure, is also in communication with the large bore 132. This nipple extends into the exhalation tube 36, as shown in FIGS. One nipple 135ι which is also in communication with the large bore 132, engages in the establishment of a connection in the channel 72 in the Arm 16, as shown in FIG. The attachment:] - device 20 is also provided with a nipple 138, which engages in the channel 80 of the fastening arm 16 to establish a connection. The nipple 138 stands with a Channel 140 in connection, which extends through the fastener 20 and terminates with a nipple 142, the can be connected to the blow-out pipe 38, as shown in the figures 2 and 6 is shown.

The fastening device 20 is provided with two recesses extending in parallel along the underside of the same

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609 8 3 5/0379

150, as can be seen from FIG. A resilient ring 152 is generally provided immediately adjacent to the fastening device 20 aur recess 150, which locks into the hanging groove. 151 engages, which are provided on the pins 130 of the fastening arm 16, that is to say that the recesses 150 of the fastening device 2 are placed on the pins 130 to connect the available anaathesis cable to the permanent opening device, and then the Fastening device 20 is pushed towards the end face 74 of the fastening collar 16 until the resilient fingers 15? of the efoutigunstjvorrichtung 20 interlockingly engage in the grooves 131 of the pins I30. This brings the nipples 135 and 138 of the fastening device 20 into contact with the λanalen 72 and 80 of the fastening type®3, whereby the seal is made by the O-Hing 78 and 84

From FIG. 5 it is visible, do3 daa breathing valve 28 there is a non-return valve connecting upward from nipple 133 The gas flow directed towards the fastening device 20 through the inlet valve 28 and out of this through the outlet. opening in nipple 160 geatatt.et. The inlet valve nipple 160 also preferably has a diameter of 22 mm in order to im iiin_ * t «= Tube 30 can be accommodated, as shown in the figures * 2 and 5 shown 1st

The inhalation valve 28 has a two-part housing In the cover part 162 and in the lower part 164. Of the lower part 164 has a cylindrical shape, aich tapering V.and 168 provided, which has a central opening

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609835/0379

limited, in which the nipple 133 is inserted with FreSsitz, as shown in FIG. The top edge of the and 168 is designed as a knife edge 170 and acts with a valve disk 172 to close. The trough 174 surrounding the hand 168 communicates with the outlet opening provided in the conical nipple 16U. At ^"1 operation of the ainat" nungsventilö 2NC the valve disk is lifted 172 in Anoprache to a pressure difference between the lower and the upper öeite of the valve disk ^ 172 (see .trig ;. 5), so da3 a compound zwiechen the bore 132 of the Pefeüti ^ The opening device 2u and the outlet valve nipple 160 is created, the fcinatffiungaventildeckel 162 is provided with a downwardly extending pin 176, which limits the occupancy of the valve disk 172 of the lower part of the inflation valve is sealed

From the above, it is clearly evident between the available anesthesia circuit and the remaining part at the end of the machine, and the design of the available attachment device is such that it can be easily and quickly connected to the remaining part or removed from it if it is permanent «Part is used consecutively in patients ©

tia reference is now made to Figures 14-17, in a preferred embodiment of which is an ed ϊ-ötückee 32 is shown in the device according to the invention

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6 09835/0 3 79

is used, α as the preferred y-piece 32 is used to connect a mask crown 20ü or ßinea ßndotrachealrohranechluGses with the Atciungerohren 30 and 3 & and the exhaust pipe 38. i.ie from tfig. ! _T can be seen 14 the .. askenkriirsTier with a conical ends 15 d ^r-aßst; ? ck which sealingly engages in a bore 202 which forms the JiinlaE sue Y-otück 32. The Y-tuck 32 forms a curved & anal 2ü4, which ends in a nipple 206 _f which can be attached to the patient end of the tinatmungsroh.rea 3u · ^ he upper section of the Y-otuek.es 32, like from lilgur 14 and ₉ both the control valve ala also a pressure relief valve.

The bore 2ü2 dej ϊ-.jtückes 32 oteht about einenm channel 210 ir it a Aaranier 2ü8 in compound _A, the Kar ^ ner 208 is nnü by three feate border 212, 21 * and 216th by eia © viert® ₈ forming a valve plate 218®> .and bsgraagto Aa valve plate 218 two otifte 22ü and 222 are attached ₀ the. Ie holes 224 of the ϊ-otäck are G @ i3 b..Inis © © ^ enoiasea UJT and gehaltea © The front surface 226 d @ r <: äna® 212 and 214 is curved and forms a Ventiljitzfläche "the valve disc 218 in the lenn The cow position is _{9 as} shown in FIG. Valve disk 218 naturally prevents gas flow from right to left in FIG. 15, since a pressure on the right side of the valve disk 218 results in a better, better valve disk, while on the other hand there is an excess pressure differential from the left to the right side of the valve disk 218, in j'ig. 15 seen, consists,

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the valve disk 218 bends around the through the ^ pins 222 and 224 going axis and provides gas flow around the Edges of the valve disk "around, before the valve disk 218 opens under uruck, it connects the Kimner 2ü8 with the JffiPP * ln 250 and 232. fcie can be seen from tti £ ur 15, engages the Nippi 1 23ü sealingly in the exhaust pipe 36 and the .Nipple 252 sealingly into the Auablaaro tube 58.

According to a preferred embodiment of the object of the invention, the Y-piece 32 also opens an overpressure valve 240, which is arranged close to the patient and thus offers maximum protection against lung rupture, especially in the event of a C overpressure error in the device . what overpressure valve 24ü exists with the Kaxr.er in connection and has a cup-shaped recess 244, which is formed in the outer surface of the v \ and 216 (Fig. 16). Openings 242 extend through and 216 from the cup-shaped recess; 244 in the box 2C8. An elastic valve element 246 is provided which has a central shaft section 248 which extends through the recesses 244 that extend through the recesses 244 in the middle of the cup. A small flange 252 is provided on one end of the shaft 243 and a larger flange 252 on the other linden tree. The pull tab 253 extends axially from the small flange 250 away from the shaft 248 Section 244 becomes conical as a result of the outer surface 254 of the lanechea 25u

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and since the valve element is not resilient iafc, the flange 250 can be pulled through the center hole, ut. to assume the position shown in FIG. In this position, the tflanr.ch 250 adapts to the cup shape of the recess 244. In the ifthe position shown in Ügur 16, the shaft 248 of the valve element 246 is under low tensile stress and pulls the valve flange 252 against the recess 244 in order to seal the opening 242, but if the pressure in the chamber 208 increases, it lies outwards ( according to linka ia -Big. 16) on the valve flange 252. The reading action distorts the shape of the valve flange 252 and stretches the stem 248 so that a flow through the opening 242 and a pressure relief of the chamber 28 and thus the whole circle can take place, '. Enn (3na escapes through the opening 242 past the valve flange 252, it generates an audible warning that the ilan3Ch 2 $ 2 is vibrating.

Reference is now made to Figures 18 and 19, in which a preferred keuervoir training device of the invention shown iat. “You already noticed before, you can go so far Keservoir mentioned a usual AtmingS3ack rait one Form chamber. Although such an oack for a spontaneous and manually assisted ventilation can be sufficient, However, it would not be satisfactory for a controlled ventilation in which the se * ervoir is driven by a mechanical Fan is pressed, as this then, the Gne des to be exposed to latients and an eg for a mutual Contagion between people.

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609 835/0379

In accordance with this, there is provided in FIGS. 18-20 a d arges te Ute a Eeaervoir 3wO, which isolates the ventilator from the patient. Ό & α Se ^ ervoir 3GÜ has two hermetically isolated chambers, one of which is connected to the anijtheaiekrela and the other to the fan, uas ioaervoir Juu consists mainly of three layers, a vinyl film 302, 304 and 306, which are welded to one another and to the connections> j8 and 310. The connection 310 is connected to a cable 312 between the foils 302 and 304 and the connection 3u8 with a cable 314 between the foils 304 and 306 in connection. Ler anschluTJ 308 has 22 mm i) urchaesöer and is pressed with an ireijtfitz on the conical nipple 32 of the fastening device 20, as it is in the ii.juren 5 et al. Jsr. Icachluß 31ö "has a 5th cone 311, which is pressed right into the end of an old" tube 320, which in turn is connected to the mechanical fan (not shown).

When using the Heaervoira 3C0 of FIGS. 18-20 oiled by the fan, the fan now periodically pressurizes the chamber 312. The pressure acting on the insulating septum 304 is transmitted to the Cairo 514 and generates a corresponding pressure within the breathing room 30. The outer tubes 302 and 506 of the iieeervoira 300 should be thin, flexible and non-elastic. 4. The outer contour of the voyage3 JCO is preferably similar to the contour of a "usual breathing area", 30 since the feeling is similar . >; i »Trennw.tmd 3o4 preferably has a contour similar to rolls 302 and 306, eo d * 3 aie the whole

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6098-35 / 0379

Volume de "Eeaervoir." 3Q ^ can act with a slight pressure difference .. The partition 304 should preferably have a visible color and, if there is an outer film, it should be transparent, so that the change in volume caused by the movement of the partition changes can be observed by the an-Hathesian without being "pus". Through the training of the ^ eicrvoirü ⁵ JCO rr.it d ^r inn «n _f fleribl« n \ u3en * .vdiv1i »n, it works like a normal one. '. T ^ nr.cack, during the manually assisted ventilation so that it sisten oiluthe-through without v.oiterea 2uaar..i) an33ar.'ickt may be, wherein the Usual üef IHL only gerlngf 'J 1% & Vorhandennein through the wall of the separation · 3'vÄ changed v .ird.

Ss mentioned ready xuvor with Hezug on the Functioning of the off "blow valve 22 since i * ea is desired at a controlled ventilation" dad 4UüblaJ ¥ ®ntil pressure on the fan "to make appealing. That is, as will be remembered, it is desirable to close the Auabla ^ valve if the device is operated during detj ? inateene »is acted upon with back by the fan. It should also be remembered that for this purpose on a. * ohr => 4 * - ⁿ KiOT-ir 2 Hezug was taken, which is connected to the>', inla3 «side of the control valve 2 * , ie ^, with the nipple 11 $ in Fig. 6. IH the nippal 115 fan pressure a nipple 322 connected to the turner 312 is to be provided in the 3l £ dea Reaervoirj 300. r.in -inde of the tube ^C A pa3t on the nipple 322. Alternately, the drilling can ruck 54 ^ of ^ a i Zeitenöffnuniisnippel dea conical 22 mm faßstücks 311 are fed, the cold tube ÖAS

609835/0379 " ⁵⁵ "

320 connects with the Ventilatofksr.ssr 312 <3β3 neservoirs 300 ·

r. "· was previously pointed out that when using the AuobIa ^ pipe in the beach rubbed .eise to vorzugsweiaen venting of AΙναölargadθ the need to use COp Absorptionacaterial under most circumstances come into discontinuance. ca been iat but also erlcannt that father According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, there is a canister 350 (/ lg.2ü) an arrangement between the nippal 133 of the j3efeötigunsovorriohtung 20 and the conical opening in the inhalation valve 28 is provided

La is now made to the figures 21 and 22 reference, in which the details of the as "0O ₂ Absorptlonsmaterlal ent · holding canister shown 350th The canister 350 has a cylindrical central section 352, the bottom wall 354 of which is perforated at 356 around an unperforated central section 36u. Kin: tr5nrunssT5ittel3riihrung * ring 361 is provided in the lower surface of the -and 354 underneath the middle AD cut 362 around has a downwardly extending flange 366, which forms an inwardly protruding ring 368, which can be locked with an outwardly protruding king 370 in the middle section 352. The cover 364 is provided with a conical connection 372 of 22 mm, which is equal to 6 em connection 130

609835/0 3 79 -36-

of the fastening device 20 and therefore in the opening the housing of the inhalation valve 28 can be accommodated

annular flange 374 is on the lower surface of the üand 354 is formed, as shown in Figure 21 The outer surface of flange 374 faces outward protruding ring-shaped hand 376, which on an inwardly protruding ring-shaped band 378 of an oil sump " unit 380 fits and can be locked with it · The öumpf « Collection unit 380 has a housing defining a cylindrical opening 382 which is used to receive the conical Connections 130 of the fastening device 20 are used, among other things the port 382 around a trough 384 is provided as Sump acts to collect caustic fluids, dit generated during operation and to prevent accidental spillage to the patient that the middle section is the iand 35 ^ feat and that the flow medium guide 361 is provided, any caustic liquid is directed into the oump and not into the at «numgssystera.

Although the use of the systems according to the invention, in which Alvoolargaa is preferably discharged, _{practically eliminates the need for CO 2} absorbing material, it has been shown that such material can easily be arranged in the systems if so desired . If CO ^ absorption material is used, it will of course be exhausted very slowly. Ka will continue to point out «

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609835/0379

indicated that, if desired, two or more CO ₂ canisters of the type shown in FIGS.

In order to keep the cost of the waste portion of the anesthesia device as low as possible, the reservoir is preferably made of plastic rather than rubber. However, since plastics are not elastic, they allow rapid and excessive pressure build-up in the patient's airway. In recognition of this danger have proposed to be respected authorities tHe only rubber breathing bags should be used · The advantage of using a Gummiatmungasackes as opposed to a Jack of nichtβlaotischem material is that, wena the pressure in Atmungskreie increases, the rubber bag stretches _s so tHe the pressure rise is less rapid, leaving the sewer more time to recognize and remedy the developing danger. Moreover, since dl "size increases a Gummisackea, • is at maximum pressure _reaches% beyond which a larger extent a decrease in pressure in the ^ ack causes and thus within the airway of the patient. Exact dimensioning of the "/ -> back volume", the wall thickness and the elasticity of the material can ensure "that the peak pressure is within a safe range"

Although the above © Torttil · is recognized by Gummiatmungseäcken ₉ has been well recognized that such _s

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609835/0379

^v ^ i ·? Ί RS 8 7 9

Bags are difficult to manufacture and expensive. Kit with regard to this, reference is now made to figs . 23-25, in which a construction is shown in ₉ which allows the use of non-elastic material for breathing bags and which nevertheless has the characteristic advantages of rubber breathing bags.

As can be seen in detail from Figures 23-25, a section of elastic tube®a 4CO is fitted around one of the breathing tubes, with the ends of the elastic tube sealingly connected to breathing tube 402 at 404 and 406. An opening provided in breathing tube 402 408 establishes a connection between the interior of the elastic ear section »400 and the interior of the breathing tube · As a result of this construction, the elastic« Hohs · 400 acts as a Druck_kesaex, whereby the correct choice of the · physical »parameters (length, material thickness © un & iilaatisitafe) The ¹ elastic "section" protects the patient in the same way as a non-elastic breathing bag addition to the usual anesthesia, "the elastic tube 4oo arrangement easier in a position anzubrlngen _t in it by the on can be observed by the aesthetes

According to another in Figures 26 and 2? shown modification The elastic pipe can be the object of the invention 400 of the pig · 24 can be modified so that ®s valve acts so that ®s «in ® alternative see below the arrangement of the pressure relief valve in the one shown in Figures 14-16

6.09835 / 0379 -39-

Y-piece forms · In order to provide an overpressure relief device in the elastic section 400, an elastic band 410 is placed between the sealed ends 404 and 406 around the section 400 and this is slit at 412 between the band 410 and one end. Wrapping material 411 is preferably provided between the divisions under the band 410. When the pressure inside the breathing tube 4C2 rises, the ear 400 stretches and, at a certain point, extends the elastic band 410 away from the breathing tube, so that leakage through the breathing tube Can find tape 410 out · The leaked gas via the tape 410 then passes through the slot 41? When the gas emerges through the nozzle 412, the material adjacent to the slot acts as a tongue and produces an audible λ arming for the anesthetist that an overpressure condition exists.

An anesthetic ventilation device is described above, which consists of a disposable part and a permanent part and which is designed so that the cost and the Effort of the disposable part are minimal, including all those elements that may be a Could cause contagion

Π0983Κ / 0379

Claims (1)

Overpressure valve for discharging breathing gas from the breathing gas circuit of an anesthetic ventilator, marked by a valve housing (98, 99) with an inlet opening connected to at least part of the breathing gas circuit (92), with an outlet opening (94) and with a control opening (47); by one arranged in the valve housing (98, 99) Valve body (105) which normally controls a flow of breathing gas from the inlet opening (92) to the outlet opening (94) allows when the pressure drop on the .Ventilkörper exceeds a predetermined first limit value; through one with the Control opening (47) connected, on the valve body (105) working adjusting device (100-102), through wel before the valve body is forcibly moved into the closed position and its normal work is prevented when the Pressure in the control opening (47) exceeds a predetermined second limit value; and by a switching device 609835/0379 2 3 6 h 8 7 9! - <e - .η- ι (24), via which the control opening (47) can be selected with different! which pressure sources can be connected. j 2. Pressure relief valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve body is a valve plate (105) which can be moved between an open position and a closed position, and that the actuating device acted upon by the control pressure has a membrane device (100) which responds to it, when the control pressure exceeds the second limit value, and the valve plate (105) is then in the closed position holds. : 3. Pressure relief valve according to claim 2, characterized in that j the membrane device has a membrane (100) whose t is a surface that is present in the control opening (47) ; Exposed to fluid; and that the inlet port tion (92) exposed area of the valve plate (105) smaller ΐ is the area exposed to the control opening (47) \ Membrane (100). 4. Pressure relief valve according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the switching device (24) at least en
two inlet ports (112, 115, 126) and one outlet port (49); that the outlet opening (49) of the switching device (24) via a connecting line (97) with the control opening (47) of the valve housing (98, 99) is connected; and that the switching device (24) is a manually operable one 609835/0379 Part (116) having between a first and a two- th operating position is movable, wherein in the first loading; drive position the first inlet opening and in the second operating position the second inlet opening is connected to the outlet opening ¹ . : 5. Pressure relief valve according to claim 4, characterized in that i the switching device (24) has an inlet opening (96) for exhaust j has breathed breathing gas and a throttle device (128), j the latter being on the manually operable device I (116) responds and serves to increase the flow rate of breathing gas ! modify through the inlet port (96); and that the outlet ] opening (94) of the valve housing (98, 99) via a line ■ Connect (95) to the inlet opening (96) of the switching device I am bound. J6. Pressure relief valve according to claim 5, characterized in that j the throttle device (128) is only effective when the from j Hand-operated device in the first operating position stands. 609835/0379