DE2364322A1 - CONSTRUCTIVELY SUPPORTING DESIGNERALLY SMALLER COMPONENT - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a component having the features listed in the preamble of claim 1. *

State of the art:

Smaller components, such as stairs, platform plates, wall opening lintels and other building elements on this scale, which one does not want to plaster or disguise afterwards, must also meet the design requirements. Their appearance when installed are often very high. requirements

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posed. Since they are often exposed to high loads' or, for safety reasons, must be designed in such a way The relevant regulations stipulate that they are safe to wear even in the event of overload, e.g. when hitting stairs high demands on the various strength values. For these components, in particular Steps, platform plates or other associated load-bearing parts are now available in different ways tries to come up with solutions that are constructive and have the necessary security, in which the surfaces have the appearance of natural stones.

Natural stones can be broken down into their strength properties without external destruction, however, cannot be judged with certainty. Especially those that look particularly appealing Marble types or similar natural stones have fine hairline cracks and the like inside, so that they can be manufactured from them as a whole Components of the type mentioned above cannot be approved as structural load-bearing elements. Man has therefore so far always proceeded in such a way that one has a viable core, for example from one with one Reinforcement cage provided concrete, covered with appropriate natural stone slabs. These can be glued on or otherwise be anchored. One can be in a bowl of relative

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- 3 - also fill the core with thin natural stone slabs.

With the German utility model 7 033 800, the applicant has now a construction has already been announced, in which a cover plate is glued onto a support plate, with long-fiber reinforcement in the adhesive layer is introduced. It is assumed that the cover plate as such is not noticeably resilient is, in particular on tension, bending or torsion and that the support plate alone or in conjunction with the interposed reinforcement ... the main load-bearing function. Other well-known Yerbund constructions also go from a drag element, which in some form with the cover plates having the desired appearance is provided. ' The gluing of pure Hatur st panels has not produced satisfactory results.

In many applications, however, in particular the current status of architectural design also for structural load-bearing components on all sides natural stone-like appearance .desired. That look The so-called "agglo-marble" materials also come which consist of an agglomerate of marble lumps, other aggregates and binders. These often contain relatively high-strength materials

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occasionally there is a risk of cracks in the natural stone lumps and can therefore not be used as supporting elements on their own. Almost as complex as the all-round covering of a supporting core is the production of steps or the like, in which thin marble fragments are placed on the outer surfaces of the form and then a relatively thin concrete is poured in, which provides the corresponding bond, with a reinforcement cage inserted and also the last side is covered with marble cuttings. While a two-man group can make about 80 steps from cast stone of the usual simple type, they can only make steps with these marble sons in a number of 20 to 25 per day. The situation is similar with the cores, which are laminated on all sides. There is therefore an urgent need _; to ensure rationalization here, avoiding the aforementioned Kachteile, preserving the previously achieved advantages as much as possible and connecting them with one another, and in particular the advantages listed below are to be achieved.

Task?

The invention is based on the object of providing a structurally supporting structure that has the necessary safeguards

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To create component, which at low manufacturing costs has the same appearance on all sides.

Solution:

According to the invention, the features listed in the characterizing part of claim 1 are provided. Further education are. also listed in the other claims.

Advantages and further features:

The fact that you now have two identical or at least approximately the same appearance plates under Intermediate layer of a reinforcement bonded with high strength, you can use components made of materials that are not as a homogeneous whole are sufficiently load-bearing, give the necessary load-bearing capacity without the differences in Appearance. Because at least one plate is not made entirely of natural stone, but rather contains only larger natural stone chunks, but otherwise consists of other materials and they are therefore artificial is manufactured, one can influence their properties according to the respective needs and is not relies on the properties of the existing fabrics and only selected according to their appearance. Still can not only in appearance, but also in many works

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Material properties can be adapted to the natural stones, which usually have lower strength values Have .-- Even if they are not considered constructive alone for the loads in question load-bearing component are suitable, it can be used in composite construction with the glued-in reinforcement to form a component lead that has sufficient flexural strength, torsional strength and shock resistance. It has namely, surprisingly shown that it is not necessary in such a component of a single plate or only the adhesive layer provided with the reinforcement has the strength required in the event of overload and thus assigning the main load-bearing function, but that in With this composite construction, even highly stressed stair treads can be carried out in self-supporting flights of stairs.

In many cases, different panels will be used, with at least the upper cover panel being a natural stone panel will be. However, if you use at least two completely identical plates, you can have tension problems

/ he mastered better and obtained the same appearance above and below when using two identical natural stone tiles Use of two identical plates with natural stone chunks more favorable pestibility properties.

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For most load cases, it will be sufficient to glue two plates together with appropriate reinforcement in between. For special load cases, however, it can also be advantageous in particular when the torsional stresses are very high be to glue three or possibly even more panels together, as is done for other purposes is known. This creates a spatial element made of high-strength, reinforced adhesive layers and intervening layers Materials of lower strength. Naturally, higher costs have to be accepted. Here, too, it is possible completely identical panels or differently manufactured or created with the same appearance Plates are to be used, under certain circumstances, for individual plates with materials corresponding to their "respective load" to use. Since today there are artificially produced materials with chunks of natural stone that are confusingly similar to the natural stones, the desired identical appearance is created in each case, in particular also on the front sides, especially since the adhesive layers themselves with the inserted reinforcement when properly Processing barely appear. For simpler requirements, you can use more than two panels The intermediate plates can also be made from simpler, only similar-looking materials. Then it will be

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the external appearance is only slightly affected. Under certain circumstances, however, considerable costs can be saved or "particularly favorable strength values or low Plate thicknesses can be achieved.

Although also all natural stones and in different ways bound materials with natural stones come into question, particularly suitable according to claim 4 are those materials in which the natural stone lumps are bound with plastics are. This gives the panels a particularly high level of strength and allows for the inventive Composite construction the production of relatively thin components, such as those aimed particularly at stair treads.

There are a wide variety of known plastics listed in the claims as adhesives and as a binding agent, the price and purpose of use depending on economic aspects are to be coordinated. In the case of the coordination of adhesive and binding agent provided according to claim 7 You can make a good bond between the adhesive layer and the prefabricated, already made with the panels achieve the same or related plastic plates. Also different expansion coefficients or water absorption abilities of the various art

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substances then also bring "in difficult applications no problem. .

A wide variety of known reinforcement elements can be used for the reinforcement. The use of fiber laminates, preferably glass fiber laminates, is particularly advantageous. These are usually built up from several layers one after the other and can at least partly be prefabricated. They have much higher strength values than simple glass wool or glass fibers embedded without a system. With such fiber laminates, which are formed with the adhesive plastics, one is not bound to the "material properties of other available reinforcements, but rather the properties can be determined by selecting the plastic and the type of fibers as well as combining them into various semi-finished products and by designing the manufacturing process for the laminates Since the components according to the invention are subject to very high strength requirements, glass silk mats and / or glass silk fabrics, preferably glass silk roving fabrics, come into consideration, the glass silk roving fabric enabling particularly high strength values. However, if several layers of glass silk roving fabric are processed

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the risk that the thickened nodes will lie on top of each other and result in uneven, undesirable structures, especially in the area of the boundary layers to the plates, which are difficult to control anyway. By Use of glass silk mats combined with glass silk roving fabrics in appropriate, if necessary alternating Stratification can prevent these problems, so that one can at least directly on the plates thin plastic layers and then a largely uniform glass silk mat, which makes a special Good adhesion over the entire surface is achieved, while the glass silk roving fabric lying inside the plastic ensure high strength values in the relatively thick plastic layer. These layers can alternate with each other several times. Although you're done could introduce prelaminated fiberglass laminates between the panels, it is particularly advantageous to carry out the amination directly on the plates in order to achieve an even more intimate connection of the entire component achieve.

Depending on the application, you can also use other long-fiber Reinforcements, as they are listed in claim 21, come to good results, with fiber optic networks with quite high strength a favorable connection with

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enter the adhesive materials and also relatively inexpensive are. So that the glass fibers have a higher strength, one should use pre-soaked glass fiber nets. The individual strands are particularly solidified.

Since the reinforcement is mainly used for safety reasons overload trap, which is not common per se, is provided, It may also be useful to use steel wire nets, steel bar grids or perforated sheets or other similar reinforcement elements that are suitable for the component the respective application according to the regulations Give strength and security.

Increased attention must also be paid to the adhesion between the plate and the adhesive, including the features of the claim 25 serve.

The Uatursteinplatten and / or the Katursteinbrocken can consist of many stones, but marble is particularly important for the components mentioned at the beginning Kind because of its appearance and its favorable abrasion and strength properties. For the natural stone chunks Grains from 15 to 120 mm come into consideration. Due to the multi-layer structure with the Intermediate reinforcement can now also be used in this way

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large chunks of natural stone can be used without the safety is impaired, even if some of the chunks happen to show hairline cracks. the However, the risk of reduced strength is lower when using grain sizes between 30 and 80 mm and yet you still get a very appealing external image. You can increase the strength or that Reduce the overall thickness if the plastic-bonded panels are highly compressed and largely pore-free.

Although each individual component is made from panels of the appropriate size, which almost corresponds to the finished size, glue together and then finish working all around, it is particularly useful to make the components from larger Separate the panels and then only use a less complex surface treatment process on the end faces to smooth out. You then have no problems with the fibers of the reinforcement, especially with glass fibers, which lie under the surface processing tools in the above-mentioned working method.

Strength problems, in particular with regard to flexural tension and torsion, occur particularly in the case of the as thin as possible manufacturing steps of transparent stairs, i.e. those that are manufactured without risers.

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The components according to the invention are particularly suitable for this. A "preferred one developed by the applicant A construction known per se, with its features related to the component, is described in claim 29 listed · The load-bearing bolts absorb the forces hanging upwards on the one hand and downwards on the other supported at the bottom, which results in torsional loads in the stages. A preferred application of the Component for stairs known per se with anti-twist protection of the steps on one side is in claim 30 addressed. TJm connect the bolts favorably to the component to be able to, known threaded sleeves are provided, which also here a favorable introduction of the ensure high local forces.

While stair treads are clamped in on one side, particularly high torsional loads occur for components in stair constructions in which they have the features of claim 32, higher bending stresses which, with the composite components constructed according to the invention, are particularly suitable for small step thicknesses let yourself be well controlled.

If particularly high levels of security are required and the steps to save high-quality material are not

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wants to or can train accordingly high-strength on the whole, so you can especially with wall-free or only in places Provide supported stair constructions components with the features of claim 33. Through the under and / or above the steps provided additional flat steel strips without an inner metal core individual steps a stair-shaped, continuous. StahjJaufweis end carrier, regarding the building regulations is particularly cheap.

To the art layers with the often relatively strong If the reinforcement does not appear, these can be colored in a suitable color, whatever not in the case of composite building materials made from pure semi-finished products is possible.

Embodiments of the invention are based on the Drawings explained below.

Show it:

Pig. 1 the schematic representation of the general application for the component?

Pig. 2 the side view of a single step made of three plates? . \

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3 shows a section along the line 3-3 in FIG three components in the form of steps;

FIG. 4 shows a section along the line 4-4 in FIG. 3 with the rear view of the lower steps;

FIG. 5 shows a section along the line 5-5 in FIG. 6 through three components in the form of steps of a practically wall-free staircase;

6 shows a section along the line 6-6 in FIG. 5 with a rear view of the lower steps and Partial section of the wall and a wall anchor further forward;

Fig. 7 shows a section of a component "in which the adhesive layer with inserted reinforcement and subsequent parts of two panels are shown are, the layer thicknesses are exaggerated to the individual layers to be able to draw separately from each other and

FIG. 8 shows a representation corresponding to FIG. 7 of a further exemplary embodiment in which in FIG Intermediate layer several layers of glass silk roving fabric are indicated schematically.

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1 shows a component as a general application 10 in the form of a carrier mounted on two supports 11, for example a cantilever platform, a cover plate on a shaft, passage or the like. The component 10 consists of two identical plates 12 and 13, which are glued to one another with the aid of an adhesive 14 are, with a reinforcement 15 in the adhesive layer 14. The plates 12 and 13 are for themselves not sufficiently sustainable on its own. In the embodiment shown here, they consist of larger ones Natural stone chunks 16 bound with a concrete 17 are. This has finer-grained constituents 18 and a .binding compound 19 "which is either made with cement or. may be formed of a synthetic resin. In the exemplary embodiment Both plates 12 and 13 consist of the same material comprising the natural stone chunks 16. the Adhesive layer H and the reinforcement 15 are shown exaggeratedly thick. They are in proportion to the panel thickness less in nature. The joint formed by the adhesive layer on the end faces 20 is hardly visible see? especially not if it is colored in a color corresponding to the plates. Of the Adhesive 14 can be a methacrylate resin adhesive, a polyurethane adhesive, a polyester resin adhesive or a Be epoxy resin adhesive. If the plates 12 and 13 with

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Plastic bound should use glue and binders be the same or at least have related properties and form good bonds with one another. Possibly Yoran coatings that improve the adhesion can be applied to the panels or rough surfaces can be used. A glass fiber fabric in the form of a network is expediently used as reinforcement 15, so that the adhesive mass 14 penetrates through the mesh, the fiber strands but offer very high strength. This can be improved if the last thing is done before inserting in the adhesive layer with the "appropriate adhesive was soaked, so that the individual fibers are better connect with each other. However, there are also other types of reinforcement such as steel wire mesh or steel cable mesh, Steel bar latticework, perforated sheets or the like.

The component 10 can be produced by gluing two panels cut approximately to finished dimensions with the reinforcement in between. In this case, however, it is hardly to be expected that the plates will lie exactly on top of one another in series production. In addition, ends of the reinforcement will stick out of the layer. So a post at least Jl @ r faces is required. Under certain circumstances, the reinforcement fibers can be a hindrance. In addition, depending on the

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Set of the plates to each other a correspondingly thick layer must be removed, which is expensive. That's why one will choose the components depending on the required size Separate larger panels after they have previously been glued together with the reinforcement in between and the bond has cured. The separating cut is to be carried out much more efficiently than removing a thick surface layer from the end faces. Also, no overhanging fiber residues will hinder further fine processing.

Instead of plates formed with chunks of natural stone In some cases, pure natural stone slabs can also be used. It is imperative that both panels have the same external appearance have and thus now a component has been created, which on the whole has the appearance of a natural stone, however, considerable efficiency values are achieved, as required for structural components are. Depending on the application, more than two panels can be glued together.

Fig. 2 shows a special application here, namely a step 30, which is highly stressed to torsion, consisting of the plates 12, 13 and a middle plate as well as the adhesive layers 14 with reinforcements 15 on

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is thawed. Again, all three plates have the same thing external appearance. The middle plate 31 is "Provided with layers of glue on both sides so that only their front sides can be seen. All three Plates can be made of completely the same material. However, different materials can also be used that just look the same. By having two layers of adhesives with intercalated Reinforcement are provided, the result is a three-dimensional supporting structure with two layers. Of particularly high load-bearing strength, This is for the torsional load indicated by the arrows 35, as is the case with stairs, however also occurs frequently in other components, particularly favorably. Here fastening bolts 40 are shown, each of which ' lead to the next step, while the step is otherwise completely free at least at one end .. The components but can also be used for stairs that are only clamped on one side.

The I ¹ Ig. 3 and 4 illustrate three stair steps 51, 52 and 53 'which are clamped on one side in a staircase wall 50 with only a very small depth T and which are connected to one another at the other ends with the aid of connecting bolts 54. Instead of the end 55 integrated in the \ tfand 50, the steps can also be in another

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Way on the ¥ an & secured against twisting or among each other connected with bolts and attached to anchors on the wall or placed on a beam. The bolts 54 reach at the rear end with their lower pins 56 through the steps and are with the help screwed by nuts 57 with washers 58. The upper ends of the bolts 54 have external threads, which, depending on the distance between the steps, is inserted into a sleeve fitted with an internal thread in the step is screwed in. The sleeves 60 have covers on top, for example in the form of screws with large flat Heads and retaining flanges 62 below. Here, too, the steps 51 to 53 are made up of two plates 12 and 13, the one with the help of the adhesive layer 14 and one here Reinforcement, not shown in detail, are connected. All panels have the same appearance and preferably they are completely the same. As a result, the steps in this COstair construction can always be seen by everyone Sides can be seen from all sides. Since such transparent stairs because of their appealing appearance particularly light and elegant, step materials must also be used that correspond to this appearance. Because of the special structure with the connecting bolts however, the stages as such become considerable

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Forces directed because other supports are missing. Torsional forces must also be absorbed. In addition, everyone must Steps offer appropriate collateral, as the entire run is only related to the required load-bearing capacity owns. We have now succeeded in gluing two or more panels made of materials which do not have the required strength per se, by adding the reinforcement to create inexpensive steps that meet the requirements of the external appearance perfectly match and the other building materials of the stairs receiving Room can be adapted in any way without the security suffering or particularly great Step thicknesses would be required, which impair the light appearance of the otherwise elegant staircase would.

FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate a further embodiment of three components 51 »52, 53 in the form of steps, which are connected to one another via bolts 54 are. In contrast to the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 3 and 4, however, the side surfaces 70 are spaced apart A from the staircase wall 50. Hur wall anchors 7I embedded in the wall are provided under individual steps, -which are screwed to the bolts 54. Even

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these stages are each made of plates 12 and 13 with a corresponding intermediate layer 14- made of adhesive and reinforcement built up. Also for the load problems occurring with these stairs are those according to the invention Components very well suited. If you want a particularly high level of security and the building authorities may require it a continuously metal safety construction so flat steel belts 90 can be placed below and / or above the steps can be provided, as shown for the middle level. These flat steel belts are attached to the bolts or the sleeves clamped. They extend across the entire length of the step and connect a metal part With the next. They are provided on all steps and can also be used on other stair constructions

as the wall-free, in particular at the unrestrained ends, are provided as part of the ones shown üJreppen Konstrukt ions can the invention Components can also be used, for example, on spiral stairs.

Fig. 7 shows a further embodiment for a component which is constructed from the same plates 12 and 13 as the components according to FIGS. 1 and 2 and also has an adhesive layer 14. For the reinforcement is introduced in a different form, namely

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Glass silk mats 73 are found in the adhesive layer 14 and glass silk roving fabric 74. The glass silk mats consist of tangled glass thread, while The glass silk roving fabrics are woven from individual strands in which the fibers are aligned next to each other lie. The longitudinal strands 75 are shown as a wavy line, while the transverse Strands 76 are shown as simple horizontal lines around which the strands 75 wrap. It is a middle glass silk roving fabric 74 is provided. Between the plates 12 or 13 and the middle glass silk roving fabric 74 glass silk mats 73 are incorporated in each case. The Exinststoff glue 14 is exaggerated strongly represented to reveal the individual layers. Since the glass silk mats are more even, it is expedient to place them in the immediate vicinity of the surfaces of the panels in order to ensure an even connection there and to achieve evenly thin resin layer with good adhesion.

The embodiment of the Pig. 8 differs from that of the Pig. 7 only by the fact that several glass silk roving fabrics 74 inserted into the intermediate layer 14 are.

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In "both cases it is advisable to proceed in such a way that not a pre-laminated product is glued in, but that the plastic is applied to one plate, then the glass silk mat impregnated with the same plastic is applied and then again with more plastic is provided. Then the glass silk roving is laid on, which is expediently already pre-soaked and brings back plastic, roving fabric and / or Glass silk mats one after the other. These can also alternate in a thicker layer. In the end it will be a glass silk mat is applied again, provided with plastic again and then the top plate is pressed on, to achieve a particularly intimate connection.

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Claims (29)

Expectations: 1. Constructively load-bearing, creative, smaller component, such as stair step, platform plate, wall opening lintel or the like, which has at least two plates, which are glued with reinforcement in between, thus marked -n e t that at least two plates (12, 13) having at least approximately the same appearance, of which at least one larger chunk of Haturstein (16) contains, are glued together with a high degree of strength. 2. Component according to claim 1, characterized in that "ge 509826/0856 B 9.2 D 48
12/17/73 Ut / Ke indicates that the plates (12, 13; 31) are the same in a manner known per se. 3. Component according to claim 1 or 2, characterized eichnet that three plates (12, 13, 31) are provided in a manner known per se. 4 · Component according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that that the natural stone lumps (15) containing Plates (12, 13, 31) are plastic-bonded. 5. Component according to one or more of the 'preceding. Claims, characterized in that the adhesive (14) is a plastic adhesive. 6. Component according to claim 5, characterized geke nn-z e ic h.ne t that the adhesive (14) a Two-component synthetic resin adhesive is. 7. Component according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized t that adhesive (14) and binding agent (19) of the Haturstein lumps (16) having plates (i2, 13, 31) have the same or at least related properties. ./3 5098 26/08 5 6 B 9. '2 D 48 8. Component according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized marked hn e t that the adhesive (14) is a polyester resin adhesive. 9. Component according to one or more of Claims 1 to 8, "characterized in that that the binder (19) is a polyester resin binder. 10. Component according to one or more of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that that the adhesive (14) is an epoxy resin adhesive. · 11. Component according to one or more of claims 1 to 7 and 10, characterized in that that the binder (19) is an epoxy resin binder. 12. Component according to one or more of the claims 1 to 7, thus g e k e η ηζ e i c hn e t that the adhesive (14) is a polyurethane adhesive. ¹ -A; S09826 / 0856 B 9.2 D 48
12/17/73 TJt / Ke ■ ν 13. Component according to one or more of claims 1 to 7 and 12, characterized in that that the binder (19) is a polyurethane plastic. H. component according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized. marked, that the adhesive (14) is a methacrylate resin adhesive is. 15. Component according to one or more of claims 1 to 7 and 14 »thereby marked hn.e t that the binder (19) a Is methacrylate resin. 16. Component according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized marked hn e t that the long-fiber reinforcement (15) is made of a Paser laminate, preferably a glass fiber laminate, is formed. 17. Component according to claim 16, characterized. marked, that the fiberglass laminate . is formed with glass silk mats (73) and / or glass silk fabrics, preferably glass silk roving fabrics (74), • / 5 SÖ9826 / 0856 B 9.2 D 48 18. Component according to claim 17, characterized g ekennz eichnet that the directly on the The glass silk layer lying on the plate surface is made of a Glass silk mat (73), while at least one Another layer is formed with a glass fabric, preferably a glass silk roving fabric (74). 19. Component according to claim 17 or 18, characterized characterized that the laminate is made of several alternating glass silk mats (73) and glass fabrics (74). 20. Component according to one or more of the claims. 16 to 19, i.e. a marked by, that the reinforcement than directly on the plates (12, 13) from the adhesive (H) and the fiber mats (73) and / or fiber fabrics (74) alternately applied and directly to the next plate (12, 13) provided laminate is formed. 21. Component according to one or more of the claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the long-fiber reinforcement (15) of a Glass fiber mesh, steel wire mesh or steel mesh or a perforated sheet or the like. Is formed. 5098 26/085 6 B 9.2 D 48 12/17/73 Ut / Ke 22. Component after. Claim 21, characterized. g eke. nnze ich.net that the fiber optic network (15) is impregnated with plastic. 23. Component according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the plates (12, 13, 31). the adhesive layers (H) facing surfaces structure or coating that increases the adhesion of the adhesive (14) exhibit. 24. Component according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that that the natural stone chunks (16) and / or natural stone slabs (12, T3j 31) are made of marble. 25. Component according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that there are natural stone lumps (16) in the grain size Contains 15 to 120 mm. 26. Component according to claim 25, characterized in that that it contains natural stone chunks with a grain size of 30 to 80 mm ./7 5 0 9826/0856 B 9.2 'D 48
12/17/73 Ut / Ke 27 · Component according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized that the plastic-bonded plates (12, 13 » 31) are highly compressed and largely free of pores. 28. Component according to one or more of the preceding claims ", characterized in that that the component (10, 30; 51, 52, 53) from 'large together under. Reinforcement intermediate layer is separated from glued panels having the same appearance. 29 · Component in the form of a step according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it (30; 51, 52, 53) is equipped in a "known manner" at least in the area of one of its narrow sides with at least one connecting bolt (54) each which go to the next higher and next lower step (51 ₅ 53) or to the pedestal or floor. 30. Component according to claim 29> characterized in that that its one end (55) in a known manner on a support device, preferably a stairwell wall (50), can be secured against twisting * ./8th $ .09-826 / 0856 B 9.2 D 48
12/17/75 Üt / Ke 31. Component after. Claim 29 or 3 °, characterized. marked, that a per se known, preferably provided with an internal thread fastening sleeve (60) is provided for the connecting bolt (54), 32. Components according to one or more of the claims 29 to 31, characterized in that that their side surfaces (70) are in a known manner at a distance from a staircase wall (50) and at least some of the components (51, 52, 53) in a manner known per se with in the stairwell wall (50) attached wall anchors (71) are equipped. 33 · Components according to one or more of Claims 29 to 31, i. are ABy in that in the region of the lateral ends immediately below and / or above the steps (51, 52, 53) or with the bolt (54) or screws. the like. 'clamped flat steel bands (90) are provided. 34 «Component according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the plastics (H) of the adhesive layers are colored according to the colors of the plates (12, 13). 509826/0856 Blank page