DE2344113C2 - Adjusting device - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an adjusting device for excavators or the like device for moving the ground according to the preamble of claim 1.

A device of this general type is known from DE-OS 19 62 069, which has a locking device for relates to a self-resetting spool. This known locking device depends in its function in essentially depends on the fact that the control slide with the switch actuator and also with the Piston-connected switch actuating element are each brought into precisely defined positions. With a lower setting accuracy could perhaps be used if correspondingly large actuating elements would be used for the switches. However, this leads to inconveniences, especially if, as in the case of earthmoving equipment, with so-called single lever actuation, two control slides are set at the same time and the space for additional facilities is already scarce due to this construction. In addition, with such a single lever actuation it is to be expected that the adjusting lever will only have one slight remainder is moved over the required path.

The invention is therefore based on the object of creating an actuating device according to the preamble the locking device even in the event of inaccuracies in the lever actuation caused by the operation or the Art

of the operation are effective.

To solve this problem, according to the invention, an adjusting device having the features of the claim is provided 1 created. This facility ensures the operation of excavators or similar earthworks equipment the reliable setting required for security and the reliable effectiveness of the Latching device even in the case of occasional inaccuracies in the operation which cannot be avoided Actuation of the adjusting lever. On the one hand, this improves the working accuracy and, on the other hand, the Security improved

An adjusting device according to the invention for two hydraulic cylinders is characterized by the characterizing features of claim 2. The individual lever operation provided thereafter leads to an extremely reliable, precise and safe actuation of the devices equipped with the adjusting device.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments and the drawing. It shows

F i g. 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a device according to the invention for adjusting an accessory part of a vehicle, Figure 2 shows a simplified cross-section another embodiment of an electromagnetic adjustment device according to the invention for a Loading vessel, which overpir ^ -eise in combined Tilting and lifting system can be used for a loading vessel and

F i g. 3 and 4 cross-sections along the section lines III-III and IViV in F i g. 2.

F i g. 1 shows an adjusting device for automatically adjusting the loading vessel of a loading vehicle such that it is oriented when it is lowered to the ground in order to permit loading. For this purpose, a single control lever 10 is provided, which can be moved back and forth as well as to both sides, and which thus serves to control a lifting control valve 12 and a tilting control valve 14 for the loading vessel when actuated by hand. A back and forth movement of the control lever 10 leads to a pivoting movement of a lever 16 in a first axis 18, as a result of which an arm 19 attached to the lever 16 is pivoted, which in turn lifts a control element 20 for actuating the lifting control valve 12 The control valve 12 conducts hydraulic fluid selectively to a piston-cylinder unit, not shown, for controlling the up and down movement of the loading vessel, also not shown. A hydraulic fluid pump and a tank for conveying pressure fluid are indicated at 22
Movement of the control lever 10 to the sides leads to a pivoting movement about a second axis 24, a rod 26 articulated on the control lever 10 being raised and lowered. The rod 26 is in turn pivotably coupled to a lever 28 and pivots the lever 28 about a third axis 30 in order to raise or lower a control element 32 of the tilt control valve 14. A ferrous or iron-made piece 34 and a permanent magnet 36 are disposed at the other end of the lever 28

The actuator also includes an electrical circuit which acts as a lock to the tilt control valve 14 in the pulled position until the loading vessel is aligned with the ground is. The circuit has two switches 38, 40,

which are activated by applying a magnetic field. The switch 38 is normally closed while switch 40 is normally open, with both switches 38, 40 in series with an electromagnet 42 are arranged. A battery 44 is connected to ground by switch 38 and serves as an energy source for exciting the electromagnet 42 when both switches 38, 40 are closed. Of the normally open switch 40 is attached in the area of control valve 14 and control lever 10 to allow the iron piece 34 to pivot against the electromagnet 42 when the lever 10 is moved into the loading preparation position, in which the control element 32 in its upward extended position is held until the loading vessel is aligned with the floor

The normally closed switch 38 is attached to a tilt cylinder 46 of the loading vehicle, namely in the vicinity of a tube 48 which is axially aligned with the cylinder 46 and attached thereto A rod 50 has a first end slidably disposed in the tube 48 and a second end connected to the piston rod 52 of the tilt cylinder 46 is attached. In addition, at the first end of the rod 50 is a smaller one Permanent magnet 54 for controlling or triggering the switch 38 is arranged. The length of the rod 50 is so dimensioned that its first end protrudes slightly from the rear end of the tube 48 when the loading vessel The connection of the tube 48 and the rod is in a position aligned with the ground 50 therefore also form a visual indicator for the position of the loading vessel, which the driver or the Operator can be used as a visual aid for aligning the loading vessel, if this once is desired Corresponding to the aim sought with the combination according to the invention however, an automatic adjustment of the loading vessel is preferable to enable the driver to do his or her own Pay attention to other activities or operational steps and, for example, during them can go back to gain or save time during the charging cycle.

When the loading vessel is in its emptying or tilting position during operation, the driver wants it When lowering the loading vessel to the floor, align it so that it is in the correct position around the to begin the next work cycle. For this purpose, the driver moves the control lever 10 into the Loading preparation position in which the control valve 14 is actuated and causes a retraction of the tilt cylinder 46 when the control lever 10 is moved in the loading preparation position, the lever 28 is pivoted about the axis 30, whereby the permanent magnet 36 is brought close to the switch 40 and subjected to a magnetic field. This disconnects the circuit from ground via battery 44, the normally closed switch 38 and the switch 40 to the electromagnet 42 closed, whereby the electromagnet 42 is energized. The electromagnet 42 then holds between it and the by means of the magnetic attraction Iron piece 34 the lever 28 and thus the lever 10 in the loading preparation position. If desired, can the driver reset the control valve 14 from the charging preparation position by applying the force of the electromagnet 42 overcomes by hand.

When the loading vessel moves from the tilt position to the Moving the loading preparation position, the retraction of the piston rod 52 causes the on it attached rod 50 slides back through the tube 48 until the permanent magnet 54 is one of the normally closed switch 38 reached immediately opposite position. The switch 38 is then opened, so that the flow of current to the electromagnet 43 is interrupted and thus the self-centering Control valve 14 can move from the loading preparation position into a neutral central position, whereby

ic the flow of liquid to the tilt cylinder 46 is interrupted. The loading vessel is thus stopped in the selected aligned position ready for operation for the next loading cycle.
In Fig. 2 and 4, another, advantageously expanded embodiment of the setting device for a loading vessel is shown the same reference numerals are used

Thereafter, the control lever 10 is for a back and forth movement and for a movement from side to side Side provided. The lever 10 is via a mechanical lift-and-link mechanism during back and forth movement 56 operatively connected to control the lift control valve 12. When moving from side to side, the lever 10 is operative via a mechanical toggle link mechanism 58 connected to the tilt control valve 14. The lifting link mechanism 56 has a knee or angle lever 60 with an additional arm 62 and controls The lifting movement of the loading vessel via the lifting control valve 12 and a hydraulic lifting cylinder 64. The arm 62 is provided with an inclined surface 66 at its freely pivotable end. The angle lever 60 is coupled to the control element 20 via an adjustable rod 67

The tilting joint mechanism 58 has an angle lever 68, which is also with an additional Arm 70 is provided and which controls the tilting movement of the loading vessel via the tilting control valve 14 and controls the hydraulic tilt cylinder 46. The arm 70 is also at its free end with a inclined surface 72, as best shown in F: g. 4th The angle lever 68 is articulated on the control element 32 via an adjustable rod 74.

This actuating device also comprises an electromagnet 42 according to FIG. 1, which is the joint mechanisms 56,58 arranged adjacent and attached to a carrier 76 of the articulation mechanisms 56,58. Of the Electromagnet 42 has a coaxially protruding core 78 which has two inclined surfaces 80, 82 The flat surfaces 80, 82 are oriented so that they the surfaces 66,72 of the arms 62,70 are opposite and come into contact with them when the arms 62, 70 each against the core 78 be swiveled.

The electromagnet 42 is via the electronic circuit shown schematically in FIG energized The circuit includes a battery 44, a circuit breaker 84 and a fuse 86 connected in series connected between ground and a solid-state relay S8. Relay 88 includes a PNP transistor 90, which when switched through, a positive voltage to the base electrode of an NPN transistor 92 supplies. The transistor 90 is after applying a

'Negative bias on its base electrode triggered or triggered by one of two Lines 94 or 96, which are connected via a blade or blade contact connection 98, a circuit is closed to ground. One line 100 connects the transistor 92 to the electromagnet 42 via a blade contact connection 102.

Line 94 connects a first, normally open switch 104 and a second, normally closed switch 106 in series. Line 96 to connects a second normally open switch 108 and a second normally closed Switch 110 also in series.

A complete circuit to ground is always provided when both switches 104, 106 or 108, 110 each closed in a line 94 or 96 are. The lines 94, 96 with their associated switch pairs iö4, ίΟδ, iOö, HO form two Circuits assigned to the lifting and tilting system for triggering or releasing the Transistor 90 via a negative bias voltage applied thereto, as explained above.

The circuit also includes permanent magnets 112, 114, 120, 122, 124 for triggering or Control of switches 104, 106, 108, HO. A first permanent magnet 112 is attached to the angle lever 60 and is pivotable with it. The switch 104 is attached to carrier 76 in a preselected position such that it is aligned with magnet 112, when face 66 of arm 62 contacts face 80 of core 78 of electromagnet 42. A second Permanent magnet 114 is attached to a lifting arm 116 for pivoting movement, which is attached to the The piston rod of the hydraulic lifting cylinder 64 is coupled to the normally closed Switch 106 is on a mast 118 of the vehicle mounted in a selected position such that it is aligned with the magnet 114 when the Lift arm 116 raises the loading vessel to a predetermined height

A third permanent magnet 120 is on the toggle link mechanism 58, for example on one the arms of the angle lever 68 attached so that it can perform a pivoting movement with this. Of the normally open switch 108 is attached to the bracket 76 at a preselected location such that it is with the magnet 120 is aligned when the surface 72 of the arm 70 meets the surface 82 of the core 78 of the Electromagnet 42 contacts Fourth and fifth permanent magnets 122 and 124 are on rod 50 so attached, which is connected to the piston rod 52 of the cylinder 46 The positions of the magnets 122,124 on the rod 50 show the position of the pistons for a long time 52 and thus the tilting position of the loading vessel, not shown, which is connected to the piston rod 52 The normally closed switch 110 is coupled to the tilt cylinder 46 on such a preselected location fixed so that it is aligned with the magnet 122 when the loading vessel with respect to the The magnet 124 is at such a predetermined distance from the magnet 122 attached to the rod 50 so that it is aligned with the switch 110 when the loading vessel is Has fully reached charge preparation As shown schematically in FIG. 2 is shown are the Control valves 12, 14 with the aid of one indicated at 22 hydraulic fluid pump and a tank with a fluid pressure applied. The lift control valve 12 directs hydraulic fluid via lines 126,128 to the hydraulic lifting cylinder 64, which in turn can be pivoted with the aid of its piston rod is articulated on the lifting arm 116 around the not shown Raise and lower the vehicle's loading container. The tilt control valve 14 directs hydraulic fluid Via lines 130, 132 to the tilting cylinder 46, which can be pivoted with the aid of its piston rod 52 is connected to a linkage, not shown, for tilting the loading vessel

The mode of operation of the in F i g. 2 to 4 shown tilting and lifting system for a loading vessel corresponds to that Mode of action of the in connection with F i g. 1 described tilting system. When the lift arms 116 are raised and the loading vessel is tilted into its emptying position, then the piston rod 52 is of the hydraulic tilt cylinder 46 fully extended, and the magnet 122 is to the right of the normally closed switch 110. Movement of the control lever 10 to the loading preparation position until the arm 70 contacts the electromagnet 42 operates the tilt control valve 14 to retract the piston rod 52 of the cylinder 46. When the arm is 70 the electromagnet 42 is touched, this is excited because the simultaneous flow of the switch 108 a corresponding circuit is closed by means of the magnet 120. Since now the tilt control valve 14 is in a locking or locking position is held, the piston rod 52 of the cylinder 46 is retracted further until the magnet 122 dem Switch 110 opposite thereupon opens the switch 110 to the electromagnet 42 out of power to set or to demagnetize, whereby the arm 70 is released. This allows the tilt control valve 14 to be in its neutral or “hold” position return and adjust the loading vessel in the desired aligned position.

It can be seen that the driver 'e-locks while the valve 14 is in the loading preparation position is able to direct his full attention to the loading vessel by appropriate actuation of the control valve 12 with the aid of the control lever 10. After loading the loading vessel, the Driver bring both control valves 12, 14 into a locking or locking position when he moves the lever 10 in the full loading preparation position and moved to the lift position to the arms 62, 70 with the To bring electromagnet 42 into contact. As explained above, the solenoid 42 is energized when one or both of the normally open switches 104,108 be closed with the aid of the correspondingly adjusted associated permanent magnets 112, 120.

Since the piston rod 52 of the hydraulic tilting cylinder 46 is generally its retracted end position reached before the lift arms 116 reach their maximum pivoting position, the magnet 124 is such arranged that it controls the normally closed switch 110 when the piston rod 52 is full is withdrawn Since the electromagnet 42 is still energized via the switch 106, which is still closed the control valve 14 is still held in a locking or locking position.

For this purpose 3 sheets of drawings

Claims (2)

Patent claims: 1. Setting device for excavators or the like device for ground movement, for the selectable setting of a device part by means of at least one hydraulic cylinder, which receives pressure fluid from a pressure source via a self-resetting control valve, whose control slide can be adjusted with a lever and in its position that supplies the pressure fluid to the hydraulic cylinder by a Electromagnet can be fixed, the excitation circuit, with one excitation circuit being provided for each hydraulic cylinder, in series containing a usually open and a usually closed switch, of which the usually open switch closes the excitation circuit when the control slide is moved into the supply position and the usually closed one Switch opens the exciter circuit by the action of an element connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder when a certain piston position is reached, characterized in that a first magnet (36, 120, 1 12) to close the normally open switch (40, 108,104) on the lever (28,56,58) and a second magnet (54, 122, 114) to open the normally closed switch (38, 110, 106) on the one with the piston rod (52) connected element (50, 116) is arranged, wherein with several excitation circuits the electromagnet (42) is excited when a normally open switch (104,108) is closed and the electromagnet (42) is switched off when all normally closed Switches (106, 1 10) are open. 2. Device according to claim 1 for two hydraulic cylinders, characterized in that the levers (56,58) can be actuated by a control lever (10) which can be moved back and forth and to both sides.